HALAMAN JUDUL .......................................................................................................i PENGAKUAN................................................................................................................ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PEMBIMBING................................................................ iii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PENGUJI ..........................................................................iv HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN .....................................................................................v MOTTO .........................................................................................................................vi KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................................vii DAFTAR ISI..................................................................................................................ix DAFTAR TABEL....................................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................................xv ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................................xvii TAKARIR................................................................................................................. xviii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang .............................................................................................1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................5 1.3 Batasan Masalah ..........................................................................................5 1.4 Asumsi Penelitian .........................................................................................6 1.5 Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................6 1.6 Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................6 1.7 Sistematika Penulisan ..................................................................................6
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BAB II LANDASAN TEORI 2.1 Manajemen Logistik .....................................................................................9 2.1.1 Gudang (Warehouse) ....................................................................9 2.1.2 Pengelolaan Gudang ......................................................... 11 2.1.3 Fungsi Pengelolaan Gudang ............................................... 12 2.1.3.1 Fungsi Decoupling............................................... 12 2.1.3.2 Fungsi Economic Lot Sizing.................................... 12 2.1.3.3 Fungsi Antisipasi ................................................. 13 2.1.4 Sistem Inventory ............................................................... 13 2.1.4.1 Pengertian Inventory ............................................ 13 2.1.4.2 Tujuan Adanya Inventory .............................................14 2.1.4.3 Metode Penilaian Inventory..................................... 15 2.1.4.4 Metode Pencatatan Inventory .................................. 16 2.1.5 Peramalan.....................................................................................17 2.1.5.1 Klasifikasi Kegiatan Peramalan ....................................22 2.1.5.2 Ukuran-Ukuran Kesalahan Peramalan..........................24 2.1.5.3 Metode Peramalan Moving Average .............................25 2.2 Distribusi Gula Pasir di Indonesia ..............................................................28 2.2.1 Perkembangan Pemasaran Gula Pasir di Indonesia .....................28 2.2.1.1 Sistem Distribusi Gula Era Bulog.................................29 2.2.1.2 Sistem Distribusi Pasca Bulog ......................................32 2.3 Pengambilan keputusan...............................................................................34 2.3.1 Tahapan Pengambilan Keputusan Menurut Simon......................35 2.4 Sistem Pendukung Keputusan.....................................................................36 2.4.1 Definisi Sistem Pendukung Keputusan........................................36 x
2.4.2 Karakteristik dan Nilai Guna .......................................................37 2.4.3 Komponen-komponen SPK .........................................................39 2.5 Proses Bisnis ...............................................................................................41 2.5.1 Context Diagram..........................................................................41 2.5.2 Data Flow Diagram.....................................................................42 2.5.3 Cara penggunaan Data Flow Diagram ........................................43 2.6 Pengertian Web....................................................................................... 44 2.6.1 Bahasa Pemrograman PHP ..........................................................45 2.7 Basis Data ...................................................................................................47 2.7.1 Konsep Database dan Terminologi ..............................................47 2.7.1.1 Entitas dan Relationship ...............................................48 2.7.2 MySQL ........................................................................................49 2.7.2.1 Structured Query Language (SQL) Scripting...............51 2.7.2.2 Aplikasi MySQL dan PHP............................................55
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN 3.1 Objek Penelitian .........................................................................................57 3.1 Tahap Penelitian..........................................................................................57 3.2.1 Rumusan dan Tujuan Masalah.....................................................59 3.2.2 Kajian Literatur ............................................................................59 3.2.3 Pengumpulan Data .......................................................................59 3.2.4 Jenis Data .....................................................................................60 3.2.5 Pengolahan Data ..........................................................................60 3.2.6 Pembahasan dan Analisis.............................................................61 3.2.7 Kesimpulan dan Saran .................................................................62 xi
BAB IV PENGUMPULAN DAN PENGOLAHAN DATA 4.1 Pengumpulan Data ......................................................................................63 4.1.1 Sejarah Singkat Perusahaan ........................................................63 4.1.2 Visi dan Misi PT. Madu Baru ......................................................65 4.1.3 Lokasi...........................................................................................65 4.1.4 Pemilik Saham .............................................................................66 4.1.5 Susunan Pengurus ........................................................................66 4.1.6 Struktur Organisasi Fungsional PT. Madu Baru..........................67 4.1.7 Produksi .......................................................................................67 4.1.8 Sumber Daya Manusia .................................................................68 4.1.9 Sistem Jaringan Komputer pada PT. Madu Baru.........................69 4.1.10 Data Penjualan Gula Pasir PG Madukismo ...............................69 4.1.11 Sistem Distribusi Gula Kemasan PT.Madu Baru ......................70 4.2 Pengolahan Data .........................................................................................72 4.2.1 Peramalan metode moving average ............................................72 4.2.2 Pemodelan....................................................................................79 4.2.2.1 Diagram Konteks ......................................................................80 4.2.2.2. Data Flow Diagram level 0 awal.................................80 4.2.2.3. Data Flow Diagram level 1 ........................................82 4.2.2.4. Data Flow Diagram level 2 ........................................84 4.2.3 Perancangan Basis Data ...............................................................85 4.2.3.1. Skema Relasi................................................................85 4.2.3.2. Pembuatan Database....................................................86 4.2.4 Pembangunan Antar muka ...........................................................91 4.2.5 Pembangunan Struktur Menu.......................................................91 xii
4.2.6 Pembangunan Struktur Jaringan ..................................................92 4.3 Validasi Program ........................................................................................93
BAB V PEMBAHASAN 5.1 Analisis User Interface ...............................................................................96 5.1.1 Halaman Login.............................................................................96 5.1.2 Beranda ........................................................................................96 5.1.3 Pelanggan .....................................................................................97 5.1.4 Order ............................................................................................98 5.1.4.1 Input Order....................................................................99 5.1.4.2 Lihat Order..................................................................100 5.1.5 Inventory ....................................................................................102 5.1.6 Prediksi Permintaan ...................................................................103 5.2 Keterbatasan Sistem..................................................................................106 5.3 Pengembangan untuk Kedapan.................................................................107
BAB VI KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 6.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................108 6.2 Saran ......................................................................................................108
DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Jumlah pekerja ..............................................................................................68 Tabel 4.2 Data Penjualan Gula Pasir Selama 5 tahun ................................................. 70 Tabel 4.3 Perhitungan Metode Moving Average..........................................................72 Tabel 4.4 Struktur tabel barang.....................................................................................87 Tabel 4.5 Struktur tabel customer .................................................................................87 Tabel 4.6 Struktur tabel hasil ........................................................................................88 Tabel 4.7 Struktur tabel login .......................................................................................89 Tabel 4.8 Struktur tabel penjualan ................................................................................89 Tabel 4.9 Struktur tabel persediaan ..............................................................................90
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Jalur distribusi Gula Pasir Era Bulog ........................................................30 Gambar 2.2 Jalur Distribusi Gula Pasir Pasca Era Bulog .............................................34 Gambar 2.3 Pengambilan Keputusan/proses pemodelan..............................................35 Gambar 2.4 Karakteristik dan Kapabilitas Kunci dari SPK..........................................39 Gambar 2.5 Skematik SPK ...........................................................................................41 Gambar 2.6 Simbol-simbol pada Context Diagram .....................................................42 Gambar 2.7 Simbol-simbol pada Data Flow Diagram.................................................44 Gambar 2.8 Hubungan Antara PHP dan MySQL.........................................................51 Gambar 3.1 Diagram Alir Kerangka Penelitian............................................................58 Gambar 4.1 Struktur Organisasi Fungsional.................................................................67 Gambar 4.2 Sistem Distribusi Gula Pasir pada PT.Madu Baru/PG. Madukismo.........71 Gambar 4.3 Diagram Konteks ......................................................................................80 Gambar 4.4 Data Flow Diagram level 0 Awal .............................................................81 Gambar 4.5 Data Flow Diagram level 0 Usulan...........................................................82 Gambar 4.6 DFD Level 1 Proses 4, Proses Pengeluaran Barang .................................83 Gambar 4.7 DFD Level 1 Proses 2, Proses Peramalan Permintaan..............................83 Gambar 4.8 DFD Level 2 Proses 1.2, Proses Peramalan Permintaan...........................84 Gambar 4.9 Conceptual Data Model Database ............................................................85 Gambar 4.10 Physical Data Model Database ...............................................................86 Gambar 4.11 Desain Antarmuka Menu SPK Distribusi ...............................................91 Gambar 4.12 Struktur Menu Aplikasi SPK Distribusi..................................................92 Gambar 4.13 Modus client-server ................................................................................93 Gambar 5.1 Halaman Login..........................................................................................96 xv
Gambar 5.2 Halaman Beranda ......................................................................................97 Gambar 5.3 Input Data Pelanggan ................................................................................97 Gambar 5.4 Lihat Data Pelanggan ................................................................................98 Gambar 5.5 Order Gula Pasir........................................................................................99 Gambar 5.6 Halaman Input Order...............................................................................100 Gambar 5.7 Halaman Lihat Order...............................................................................100 Gambar 5.8 Input Status .............................................................................................101 Gambar 5.9 Transaksi Order Perpelanggan ................................................................102 Gambar 5.10 Input Inventory ......................................................................................103 Gambar 5.11 Input variable prediksi...........................................................................104 Gambar 5.12 Informasi Prediksi keputusan................................................................104 Gambar 5.13 Input Nilai .............................................................................................105 Gambar 5.14 Informasi Permintaan Gula ...................................................................106
xvi
TAKARIR
Distribusi
: Suatu proses penyampaian barang atau jasa dari produsen ke konsumen dan para pemakai, sewaktu dan dimana barang atau jasa tersebut diperlukan. Proses distribusi tersebut pada dasarnya menciptakan faedah (utility) waktu, tempat, dan pengalihan hak milik.
Inventory
: Merupakan suatu aset yang ada dalam bentuk barang-barang yang dimiliki untuk dijual dalam operasi perusahaan maupun barang-barang yang sedang di dalam proses pembuatan.
Keputusan
: Aktivitas pemilihan tindakan dari sekumpulan alternatif.
Prediksi
: Ramalan; prakiraan.
Sistem
: Sekumpulan unsur atau elemen yang saling berkaitan dan saling mempengaruhi dalam melakukan kegiatan bersama untuk mencapai suatu tujuan
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan
: Sebuah himpunan atau kumpulan prosedur berbasis model untuk memproses data dan pertimbangan
untuk
membantu
manajemen
dalam pembuatan keputusannya. Web
: Website atau situs juga dapat diartikan sebagai kumpulan halaman yang menampilkan informasi xviii
data teks, data gambar diam atau gerak, data animasi, suara, video dan atau gabungan dari semuanya, baik yang bersifat statis maupun dinamis
yang
membentuk
satu
rangkaian
bangunan yang saling terkait dimana masingmasing dihubungkan dengan jaringan-jaringan halaman (hyperlink).
