63
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Ansari R, Mohammad-Khah A. 2009. Activated charcoal: preparation, characterization and applications: a review article. International Journal of ChemTech Research 1(4):859-864. Atkins PW. 1997. Kimia Fisika. Jilid 1, Edisi ke-4. Kartohadiprojo II, penerjemah; Jakarta: Erlangga. Terjemahan dari: Physical Chemistry. Awwad NS, Daifuallah AAM, Ali MMS. 2008. Removal of Pb2+, Cd2+, Fe3+, and Sr2+ from aqueous solution by selected activated carbons derived from date pits. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 26:764-782. Baker RW. 2004. Membrane Technology and Application. 2nd Edition. England: Wiley. Bansode RR, Losso JN, Marshall WE, Rao RM, Portier RJ. 2003. Adsorption of volatile organic compound by pecan shell and almond shell-based granular activated carbons. Bioresource Technology 90(2):175-184. Benaddi H, Bandosz TJ, Jagiello J, Schwarz JA, Rouzaud JN, Legras D, Benguin F. 2000. Surface functionality and porosity of activated carbon obtained from chemical activation of wood. Carbon 38:669-674. Berube PR, Mavinic DS, Hall ER, Kenway SE, Roett K. 2002. Evaluation of adsorption and coagulation as membrane pretreatment steps for the removal of organic material and disinfection-by-product precursors. Journal Environmental Engineering Science 1:465-476. Bonelli PR, Rocca PAD, Cerrela EG, Cukierman AL. 2001. Effect of pyrolysis temperature on composition, surface properties, and thermal degradation rates of Brazil nut shell. Bioresource Technology 76:15-22. Brunet L, Lyon DY, Zodrow K, Rouch JC, Caussat B, Serp P, Remigy JC, Wiesner MR, Alvarez PJJ. 2008. Properties of membranes containing semi-dispersed carbon nanotubes. Environmental Engineering Science 25(4):565-575. Campos C, Marinas BJ, Snoeyink VL, Baudin I, Laine JM. 2000. PAC-Membrane filtration process. II:Model Application. Journal of Environmental Engineering 126(2):104-111. Chattopadhyay D, Rakshit PC, Saha B, dan Purkait NN. 1989. Dasar Elektronika. Sutanto, penerjemah; Jakarta: UI-Press. Terjemahan dari: Foundations of Electronic. Chelme-Ayala P, Smith DW, El-Din MG. 2009. Membrane concentrate management options: a comprehensive critical review. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36:1107-1119. Choon AN, Sun D, Fane AG. 2006. Operation of membrane bioreactor with powdered activated carbon addition. Separation Science and Technology 41:1447-1466.
64
Chung WL. 2001. Preparation of conductive carbon with high surface area. Carbon 39:39-44. D’Amore M, Sarto MS, D’Aloia AG. 2010. Skin-effect modeling of carbon nanotube bundles: the high-frequency effective impedance. Di dalam: Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), 2010 IEEE International Symposium; Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 25-30 Jan 2010. Florida: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. hlm 847-852. Daud WMA, Ali WSW. 2004. Comparison of pore development of activated carbon produced from palm shell and coconut shell. Bioresource Technology 93:63-69. Daud WM, Badri M, Mansor H. 1990. Possible conduction mechanism in coconut-shell activated carbon. Journal of Applied Physics 67(4):19151917. Devi R. 2010. Innovative technology of COD and BOD reduction from coffee processing wastewater using avocado seed carbon (ASC). Water Air Soil Pollut 207:299-306. Djatmiko B, Ketaren S, Setyahartini S. 1985. Pengolahan Arang dan Kegunaannya. Bogor: Agro Industri Press, IPB. Drozdov VA, Baklanova ON, Likholobov VA, Chirkova OA, Gulyaeva TI. 2009. Developing the synthesis of homogeneously microporous carbon membranes for selective extraction and accumulation of organic molecules with a carbon unit as a carrier. Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surface 45(2):191-196. Giancoli DC. 2001. Fisika. Edisi kelima. Hanum Y, Arifin I, penerjemah; Hardani HW, Simarmata SL, editor; Jakarta: Erlangga. Terjemahan dari: Physics Fifth Edition. Halliday D, Resnick R. 1993. Fisika. Jilid 2, edisi ketiga. Silaban P, Sucipto E, penerjemah; Jakarta: Erlangga. Terjemahan dari: Physics 3rd edition. Hartomo AJ, Widiatmoko MC. 1994. Teknologi Membran Pemurnian Air. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi Offset. Hartoyo, Hudaya N, Fadli, 1990. Pembuatan arang aktif dari tempurung kelapa dan kayu bakau dengan cara aktivasi uap. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 8(1):8-16. Hartoyo, Pari G. 1993. Peningkatan rendeman dan daya serap arang aktif dengan cara kimia dosis rendah dan gasifikasi. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 11(5):205-208. Hayashi J, Horikawa T, Takeda I, Muroyama K, Ani FN. 2002. Preparing activated carbon from various nuthshell by chemical activation with K2CO3. Carbon 40:2381-2386. Hendra D, Darmawan S. 2007. Sifat arang aktif dari tempurung kemiri. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 25(4):291-302.
65
Hu AY, Stuckey DC. 2007. Activated carbon addition to a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor: effect on performance, transmembrane pressure, and flux. Journal of Environmental Engineering 133(1):73-80. Hudaya N, Hartoyo. 1990. Pembuatan arang aktif dari tempurung biji-bijian asal tanaman hutan dan perkebunan. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 8(4):146-149. Husain A, Ashhar MM, Javed I. 2009. Treatment of Electroplating Waste Water by Adsorption using Activated Charcoal. Di dalam: Proceeding of International Conference on Energy and Environment; India, 19-21 Mar 2009. Enviroenergy. hlm 148-150. Iguchi M. 1997. Practice of Polymer X-Ray Diffraction (Short-course Textbook). Bandung: Bandung Institute of Technology. Ismadji S, Sudaryanto Y, Hartono SB, Setiawan LEK, Ayucitra A. 2005. Activated carbon from char obtained from vacuum pyrolysis of teak dust: pore structure development and characterization. Bioresource Technology 96:1364-1369. Ismaeel AR, Edbey KM, Shagluf AM. 2010. Study of adsorption mechanism, mode, isotherms, and kinetics of dodecyl sulfate from raw drinking water on activated charcoal using pH measurements. International Journal of ChemTech Research 2(2):1214-1219. Kasher R. 2009. Membrane-based water treatment technologies: recent achievements and new challenges for a chemist. Bulletin of the Israel Chemical Society 24:10-18. Kegel FS, Rietman BM, Verliefde ARD. 2010. Reverse osmosis followed by activated carbon filtration for efficient removal of organic micropollutants from river bank filtrate. Water Science & Technology 61(10):2603-2610. Kercher A, Nagle DC. 2003. Microstructural evolution during charcoal carbonization by X-Ray diffraction analysis. Carbon 41:15-27. Kertesz S, Laszlo Z, Horvath Z, Hodur C. 2009. Clarification of dairy model wastewaters by membrane filtration. Series Chemistry 18(2):35-42. Kesting RE. 1993. Synthetic Polymerric Membranes: A Structural Perspective. 2nd Edition. England: Wiley. Komarayati S, Hendra D, Gusmailina. 1998. Pembuatan arang aktif dari biomassa hutan. Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan 16(2):61-68. Kulkarni A, Mukherjee D, Gill WN. 1996. Flux Enhancement by hidrophilization of thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes. Journal of Membrane Science 114:39-50. Lebeau T, Lelievre C, Buisson H, Cleret D, Van de Venter LW, Cote P. 1998. Immersed membrane filtration for the production of drinking water: Combination with PAC for NOM and SOCs removal. Desalination 117:219–231.
66
Lee HJ, Suda H, Haraya K. 2007. Preparation of carbon membranes derived from polymer blends in the presence of a thermally labile polymer. Separation Science and Technology 42:59-71. Li NN, Fane AG, Winston Ho WS, Matsuura T. 2008. Advance Membrane Technology and Applications. New Jersey: Wiley. Lienden CV, Shan L, Rao S, Ranieri E, Young TM. 2010. Metals removal from stormwater by commercial and non-commercial granular activated carbons. Water Environment Research 82(4):351-356. Lin CF, Huang YJ, Hao OJ. 1999. Ultrafiltration processes for removing humic substances: effect of molecular weight fraction on PAC treatment. Water Res 33(5):1252–1264. Londsdale HK. 1985. Phase diagram and membranes. Polymer Engineering Science 25:1074-1080. Marsh H, Rodriguez-Reinoso F. 2006. Activated Carbon. Netherlands: Elsevier. Matjik AA, Sumertajaya IM. 2006. Perancangan Percobaan dengan Aplikasi SAS dan Minitab. Bogor: IPB Press. Mulder M. 1996. Basic Principle of Membrane Technology. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publisher. Nunes SP, Peinemann KV. 2001. Membrane Technology in The Chemical Industry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. Pari G. 2004. Kajian struktur arang aktif dari serbuk gergaji kayu sebagai adsorben emisi formaldehida kayu lapis [disertasi]. Bogor: Program Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Pari G. 1996. Kualitas arang aktif dari 5 jenis kayu. Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan 14(2):60-68. Pari G, Hendra D, Pasaribu RA. 2006. Pengaruh lama waktu aktivasi dan konsentrasi asam fosfat terhadap mutu arang aktif kulit kayu Acacia mangium. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 24(1):33-46. Pellegrino J. 2000. Filtration and ultrafiltration equipment and techniques. Separation and Purification Methods 29(1):91–118. Porter MC. 1990. Handbook of Industrial Membrane Technology. New Jersey: Noyes. Pruss-Ustun A, Bos R, Gore F, Bartram J. 2008. World Health Organization Reports. Geneva: WHO. Purwanto P, Purnama S, Purwanto S, Madesa T. 2007. Pengaruh CUI terhadap sifat konduktor ionik padat (CUI)x(AGI)1-x (x = 0.6 - 0.9). EMAS Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 17(4):315-322. Radiman CL, Yuliany, Suendo V, 2002. Pengaruh Media Perendam Terhadap Permeabilitas Membran Polisulfon. Jurnal Matematika dan Sains 7(2):77-83.
67
Romli M, Suprihatin, Indrasti NS. 2006. Pengembangan Proses Pembuatan Membran Ultrafiltrasi Polimerik dengan Metode Inversi Fase: Efek Komposisi Larutan Polimer pada Struktur dan Kinerja Membran. Bogor: LPPM Institut Pertanian Bogor. Scott K. 1995. Handbook of Industrial Membranes: Membrane Materials, Preparation and Characterisation. Netherlands: Elsevier. Scott K, Hughes R. 1996. Industrial Membrane Seperation Technology. London: Blackie Academic and Professional. Sears K, Dumee L, Schutz J, She M, Huynh C, Hawkins S, Duke M, Gray S. Review: Recent developments in carbon nanotube membranes for water purification and gas separation. Materials 3:127-149. Simsek M, Cerny S. 1970. Active Carbon: Manufacture, Properties, and Application. New York: Elsevier. Smith JR, Dahlan K, Coster HGL. 1992. The estimation of pore diameters by electrical measurements. Di dalam: International Membrane Science and Technology Conference; Sydney, 10-12 Nov 1992. Sydney: University of New South Wales. [SNI] Standar Nasional Indonesia. 1995. Arang Aktif Teknis (SNI 06-3730-1995). Jakarta: Badan Standarisasi Nasional Indonesia. Sridhar S, Smitha B, Suryamurali R, Aminabhavi TM. 2008. Synthesis, characterization and gas permeability of an activated carbon-loaded PEBAX 2533 membrane. Designed Monomers and Polymers 11:17-27. Sukarjo. 1997. Kimia Fisik. Jakarta: PT. Aneka Cipta. Sudrajat R, Soleh S. 1994. Petunjuk Teknis Pembuatan Arang Aktif. Bogor: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan. Tansel B. 2008. New Technologies for water and wastewater treatment: a survey of recent patents. Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering 1:17-26. Turner J, Haley B, Record KA. 2006. Conductivity measurements of synthesized heteropoly acid membranes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Journal of Undergraduate Research. Vigouroux RZ. 2001. Pyrolisis of biomass [disertasi]. Stockholm: Royal Institute of Technology. Wenten IG. 1999. Teknologi Membran Industrial. Bandung: Teknik Kimia ITB. Widodo TS. 2002. Elektronika Dasar. Jakarta: Penerbit Salemba Teknika. Xia S, Li X,Yao J, Dong B, Yao J. 2008. Application of membrane techniques to produce drinking water in China. Desalination 222:497-501. Yang W, Paetkau M, Cicek N. 2010. Improving the performance of membrane bioreactors by powdered activated carbon dosing with cost considerations. Water Science & Technology 62(1):172-179.
