(Giving Advice) (kéne, kellene) ● Néha a felszólítás túl erős ahhoz, hogy valakit valamilyen cselekvés elvégzésére buzdítsunk. Ezért inkább tanácsot adunk. ► SEGÉDIGÉKKEL ● Az tanácsadás kifejezésére a következő segédigéket használhatjuk: vagy ● Az ”ought to” formálisabb, és ritkábban fordul elő. pl. They should eat less turkey. / They ought to eat less turkey. (Kevesebb pulykahúst kellene enniük.) We should pay our bills. / We ought to pay our bills. (Ki kellene fizetnünk a számláinkat.) ● Ellentéte (nem kellene, nem kéne): SHOULD NOT (shouldn’t) (vagy: OUGHTN’T TO) pl. You shouldn’t eat so much turkey. / You oughtn’t to eat so much turkey. (Nem kéne olyan sok pulykahúst enned.) ● Múltban (kellett volna): SHOULD HAVE + 3. alak (vagy: ought to have + 3. alak) pl. You should have eaten more vegetables. / You ought to have eaten more vegetables. (Több zöldséget kellett volna enned.) We ought to have paid our bills. / We ought to have paid our bills. (Ki kellett volna fizetnünk a számláinkat.)
► EGYÉB KIFEJEZÉSEKKEL YOU HAD BETTER … (= Jobban tennéd, ha …) (a ”you” és a ”had” összevonható: you’d) - utána az ige szótári alakja áll pl. You’d better eat less turkey. (Jobban tennéd, ha kevesebb pulykahúst ennél.) IT IS ADVISABLE TO … (= Tanácsos …ni) - utána az ige szótári alakja áll pl. It’s advisable to eat less turkey. (Tanácsos kevesebb pulykahúst enni.) I ADVISE YOU TO … (= Azt tanácsolom, hogy …) - utána az ige szótári alakja áll pl. I advise you to eat less turkey.
(Azt tanácsolom, hogy egyél kevesebb pulykahúst.) IT WOULD BE A GOOD IDEA TO … (= Jó ötlet/gondolat lenne …ni) - utána az ige szótári alakja áll pl. It would be a good idea to eat less turkey. (Jó gondolat lenne kevesebb pulykahúst enni.) IF I WERE YOU, I WOULD … (= Ha neked lennék, …nék; A helyedben …nék) - utána az ige szótári alakja áll pl. If I were you, I would eat less turkey. (A helyedben kevesebb pulykahúst ennék.) THE BEST THING YOU CAN DO IS TO … (= A legjobb, amit tehetsz, hogy…) - utána az ige szótári alakja áll pl. The best thing you can do is to eat less turkey. (A legjobb, amit tehetsz, hogy kevesebb pulykahúst eszel.)
(Asking for Advice) (-jak/-jek?; -junk/-jünk?) ● Tanácskérés kifejezéséhez a következő modális segédigéket használhatjuk vagy ● A ”should” nagyobb bizonytalanságot fejez ki. pl. Shall I drink some more coffee? (Igyak még egy kis kávét?) What should I do? (Mit csináljak?/Mit tehetnék?)
1) Fill in the gaps with should or shouldn’t. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
She _____ be so selfish. I don’t think your brother _____ smoke so much. You _____ exercise more. I think you ______ try to speak to your mother about this. You are overweight. You _____ eat so much. Where ______ we park our car? You ______ never speak to your teacher like that. The kids ______ spend so much time watching TV. ______ I tell her the truth or should I say nothing? I think we ______ reserve our holiday in advance. The sooner the better.
2) Put the words into the correct order to make positive, negative sentences or questions with „should” or „shouldn’t”. 1. should / up / I / give / smoking. 2. tell / or / not? / her / Should / I 3. you / think / should / I / it / take / easy. 4. I / time / should / come? / What 5. work / shouldn’t / much. / so / George 6. should / don’t / I / job. / think / accept / you / this 7. take / umbrellas. / our / should / We 8. do / should / it? / you / we / Are / sure 9. should / is / What / do / going / home. / you 10. should / the / to / speak / think / police? / you / Do / I
3) What advice would you give? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
I want to quit smoking. What should I do? I won 100,000 dollars and I don't know how to spend it. What should I do? I gained a lot of weight in last few years. I want to lose at least 10kg. What should I do? I have just lost my job. I haven't told my wife yet. How should I tell her? I found a wallet which had 2,000 dollars in it. Should I spend it? My son doesn't want to go to school. He says that his teacher and all other students hate him. What should I do? 7. My child wakes up very often in the middle of the night. He sleeps usually during the day. I haven't had any good sleep for weeks. What should I do? 8. I have a headache. What should I do? 9. I hate working. What should I do? 10. I feel sad. What should I do? 11. I am always late. What should I do? 12. I keep losing my credit card. What should I do? 13. I have a cold. What should I do? 14. I am new in this city. I would love to meet some people. What should I do? 15. I want to get rich quickly. What should I do? 16. I need a car but I don't have enough money. What should I do?
17. My girlfriend left me. I feel depressed. What should I do? 18. My husband doesn't help me with the house work. What should I do? 19. My wife criticises me all the time. What should I do? 20. I need to find a job. What should I do? 21. I need to learn English much faster. What should I do? 22. My boyfriend is seeing another woman. I saw a message in his/her mobile phone. What should I do? 23. I hate my body. Should I have plastic surgery? 24. I want to travel. Should I get a job abroad? Where? 25. I hate cooking. What should I do? 26. I want to live as long as possible. What should I do? 4) React on the following statements giving positive or negative advice. Use the right expressions listed below the statements. e.g. I feel sick. You should go to the doctor. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
John’s terribly overweight. Our train leaves in a few minutes. I don’t know where my purse is. It’s so dark here. Your mother does all the housework. a) b) c) d) e)
You – look for it He – not eat so much You – help her We – hurry You – switch on the lights
5) Translate the following sentences. 1. Hova menjünk? 2. Meleg reggelit és hideg vacsorát kellene ennetek. 3. Nem kellett volna összeházasodniuk. 4. Meg kellett volna mondanod az igazat. 5. Hova tegyem ezt a könyvet? 6. Hozzak neked egy kis teát? 7. El kéne menned a fogorvoshoz. 8. Meg kellett volna tanulnunk a szavakat. 9. Hogyan oldjuk meg ezt a problémát? 10. Miért kéne Tomnak válaszolnia?
KEY: 1) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
She shouldn’t be so selfish. I don’t think your brother should smoke so much. You should exercise more. I think you should try to speak to your mother about this. You are overweight. You shouldn’t eat so much. Where should we park our car? You should never speak to your teacher like that. The kids shouldn’t spend so much time watching TV. should I tell her the truth or should I say nothing? I think we should reserve our holiday in advance. The sooner the better.
2) 1. I should give up smoking. 2. Should I tell her or not? 3. I think you should take it easy. 4. What time should I come? 5. You shouldn’t work so much, George. 3) (Sample answers) 1. You shouldn’t buy cigarettes any more. 2. You should open a bank account. 3. You should go to the gym and do exercises. 4. You should sit down with her and tell it honestly. 5. No, you should take it to the police. 6. You should talk to his teachers. 7. You shouldn’t let him sleep during the day. 8. You should take some painkiller. 9. You should choose a job that you enjoy doing. 10. You should go out with your friends. 11. You should get up earlier. 12. You should find a safe pocket for it in your bag. 13. You should dink some tea with honey. 14. You should look for interesting community programs. 4) 1. 2. 3. 5) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
b – He shouldn’t eat so much. d – We should hurry. a – You should look for it.
Where shall we go? You should have (/eat) hot breakfast and cold dinner. They shouldn’t have married. You should have told the truth. Where shall (/should) I put this book? Shall (/should) I bring you some tea? You should go to the dentist. We should have studied the words. How shall (/should) we solve this problem? Why should Tom answer?
6. I don’t think you should accept this job. 7. We should take our umbrellas. 8. Are you sure we should do it? 9. What you should do is going home. 10. Do you think I shoud speak to the police?
15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.
4. 5.
You should work day and night. You should wait and save some more money. You should go out with your friends. You should ask him to help you. You should tell her that it hurts you. You should look for jobs on the Internet. You should try an intensive course and study at least 3 hours a day. You shouldn’t look for messages on his mobile. No, you shouldn’t. You should go to a therapist. You should try a job in a Scandinavian state. You should go to a restaurant. You should avoid stress.
e – You should switch on the lights. c – You should help her.
