ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF RACIAL ISSUE ON THE CHARACTERS IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS
A THESIS
BY
: IDA SOLFA RONA REG NO
: 070721004
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA FACULTY OF LETTERS ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT MEDAN 2008
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All praise, honor, and tribute are delivered to my Great Heavenly Father for His divine presence in my life, for His glory, and for His amazing grace by His sacrifice Son, Jesus Christ, that save me and make me whole and worthy again. He also blesses me with all beloved people in my life, great family and friends to share with. I wish to acknowledge the essential help from my supervisor, Drs. Razali Kasim, M.A and to Drs. Yulianus harefa M. Ed TESOL as my co supervisor and also as the secretary of English Department. Thanks for guiding me in the process of doing this thesis. I wish to thanks all of lectures who dedicated themselves in English Department especially to Dra. Swesana Mardia Lubis, M.Hum as the head of English Department. My gratitude also goes to Drs. Syaifuddin Ph.D as the dean of Faculty of Letters. I also thankful to my great, big, and wonderful prayer mate Lely “Le_Lo” for every prayer, for every time we pray together, every sorrow we face together, and every joy we share together. Thank for your presence in every need and hug me with love. Love you forever gal! A sincere thanks to my family in UKM KMK USU UP FS for the prayer and attention. My big and wonderful family in Koordinasi UKM 06/07 and 07/08 for every struggle and every time we spend together. I give you my hearth! To Petugas Acara Retreat UP FS ‘08, my brothers and sisters, you are great all and forever love. My lovely sisters in AbdiEl: Igen, k’ yantos, k’
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rusni, k’ toet; in Ebed Yahwe: Grace, Hermina, Mira, Friska, Lenni; and in Rosette Geraldine: Eva, Melly, Po_Po. I just want you to know that I’ll love you forever gals. My sincere gratitude to my beloved family. My parents, S. Situmorang and R. Manullang, for your forever, sweet and true love, unstoppable understanding, gentle care, endless patience, and prayer in every time. I do love you both from the bottom of my hearth. My great Sista Uteng , for your attention and care, and always inspired me when I was weak. I wish you all the best! My twin lovely brothers, Atur and Ara, you are unforgettable bro! Love you always. To my big Situmorang’s and manullang’s family thank for the simple care and love. You all my inspiration! May the Lord bless and keep us forever and shine His light upon us!
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ABSTRAK
Masalah sosial adalah masalah yang sangat menarik untuk terus dibahas dalam setiap kehidupan bahkan dalam karya sastra sendiri karena karya sastra tidak akan pernah bisa lepas dari masyarakat. Salah satu masalah sosial yang menarik untuk dibahas adalah masalah rasialisme yang sejak dahulu secara tidak disadari sudah menguasai alam pikir manusia. Rasialisme yang terjadi karena adanya prasangka terhadap ras – ras tertentu tidak hanya merusak hubungan antar ras saja, tetapi ini juga mengakibatkan adanya penyimpangan mental dan karakter manusia. Rusaknya mental dan karakter manusia yang diakibatkan rasialisme inilah yang diangkat oleh Eugene O’Neill dalam dramanya yang berjudul All God’s Chillun Got Wings. Bab I skripsi ini berisikan penjabaran tentang sastra yang dilengkapi dengan latar belakang permasalahan, tujuan pengkajian, batasan pembahasan, dan metode penelitian yang digunakan. Bab II menampilkan isu rasial sebagai salah satu masalah sosial yang dihubungkan dengan karya sastra, serta bagaimana menganalisis karya sastra dengan pendekatan sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dijelaskan dalam Bab III, sedangkan analisis tentang dampak isu rasial terhadap karakter dan bagaimana setiap karakter menghadapi isu rasial dalam drama tersebut dikaji dalam Bab IV. Skripsi ini ditutup dengan kesimpulan – kesimpulan dari analisis serta saran bagi pembaca sehubungan dengan pentingnya memahami hubungan diri dan masyarakat sehingga tercipta suatu masyarakat yang lebih baik. Lampiran – lampiran yang berupa ringkasan cerita dan biografi penulis disajikan untuk memudahkan pembaca memahami skripsi ini.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………………………............ i ABSTRAK……………………………………………………………………...ii TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………….iii Chapter I INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………...1 1.1 The Background of Analysis……………………………….......................1 1.2 The Problem of Analysis…………………………………………………...3 1.3 The Objective of Analysis………………………………………………….3 1.4 The Scope of Analysis……………………………………………………...4 1.5 The Theoretical Approach………………………………………………….4 1.6 The Review of Related Literature………………………….......................5 Chapter II
RACIAL ISSUE AND CULTURAL FACTORS………………7 2.1 Cultural Factor as one of the Social Problems ……………7 2.1.1 Racial Issue: a Consequence of Discrimination, Prejudice, and Stereotype……………………………11 2.2 Society and Literature……………………………………16
Chapter III
METHODOLOGY…………………………………………….19 3.1 Research Method…………………………………………..19 3.2 Data Collecting Method…………………………………...20 3.3 Data Analysis Method……………………………………..20
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Chapter IV
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF RACIAL ISSSUE ON CHARACTERS IN EUGENE O’NEILL’S ALL GOD’S CHILLUN GOT WINGS………………..………………………….22 4.1 Jim Harris………………………………..………………22 4.2 Ella Downey……………………………..………………26 4.3 Hattie Harris…………………………..…………………33 4.4 Joe……………………………………..…………………35
Chapter V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS……………………..39 5.1. Conclusions………………………………………………39 5.2. Suggestions……………………………………………….40
BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………..41 APPENDICES
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