Speech Styles Performed by The Main Characters of “ The King’s Speech”
THESIS
By SAFITRI ANUGRAHSUCI NIM. 2313103131
ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM DEPARTEMENT OF ISLAM EDUCATION STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF TULUNGAGUNG 2014
SPEECH STYLES PERFORMED BY THE MAIN CHARACTERS IN “THE KING’S SPEECH” MOVIE THESIS Presented to State Islamic Institute of Tulungagung in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam in English Education Program
By Safitri Anugrahsuci NIM.3213103131 ENGLISH EDUCATION PROGRAM DEPARTEMENT OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION STATE ISLAMIC ISTITUTE (IAIN) TULUNGAGUNG JULY 2014
MOTTO
“ Tak ada yang sia - sia dari sebuah ketekunan” “Berusaha seolah-olah Tuhan tidak akan membantuku Tapi berdoa, seolah-olah usahaku bukan apa-apa tanpa izin-NYA”
DEDICATION
This thesis is specially presented to my beloved parents that always support me, give me endless pray for my success.
A
ABSTRACT
Anugrahsuci, Safitri. 2313103131. 2014. Speech Styles Performed by The main Characters in “ The King’s Speech”. Thesis. English Education Program. State Islamic Institute (IAIN) of Tulungagung Advisor: Dr. Nurul Chojimah, M.Pd Keywords: Speech styles, The main characters, SPEAKING component. Language function can be devide based on the use, the instrument, and the degree of formality.Chaer and Agustin (2007) explained in their book that Martin Joos has devide language variety based on degree of formality, they are called as The five clocks ( Frozen style, formal style, consultative style, casual style and intimate style ). This research discuss about the speech styles performed by the main characters of “ The King’s Speech” Movie. In this research, the researcher conducts two problems of the research which are: (1) What speech style are performed by the main characters in “ The King’s Speech” Movie? (2) What factors that influence the main characters use speech styles in “The King’s Speech” Movie? The main theory to answer the problems of the research is the theory of speech style by Martin Joos (1967, cited in Broderick 1976 ) and also theory of Dell Hymes about SPEAKING component that taken by Chaer and Agustin (2004) to support the researcher find the factors that influence the main characters use speech styles. This research uses qualitative research since the data of the research are in the form of words rather than numbers. The researcher uses transcription of the main characters’ utterances to be analyzed. The data of this research are the main characters utterance containing speech styles. Based on Martin Joos theory ( Frozen style, formal style, consultative style,casual and intimate style ) the researcher found the speech styles that used, they are frozen style that only occurs once or 1%, formal style in 12 utterances or 16%, consultative style occurs 11 utterances or 15%, casual style is the mostly used by the main characters occurs 32 times or 43%, and Intimate style occurs in 18 utterances or 24%.The factors that influence the main characters used speech style is explained by the researcher supported by Dell Hymes’s Theory. The factors they are Setting and scene, Participant, End ( purpose of the conversation), Act ( message that contain in the utterances), Key (intonation ,spirit when deliver the message),Instrument (the language deliver orally or written), Norm ( the norms when conduct interaction), and Genre (kinds of delivery)
ABSTRAK
Anugrahsuci, Safitri. 2313103131. 2014. Speech Styles Performed by The main Characters in “ The King’s Speech”. Skripsi. Program Studi Tadris Bahasa Inggris.Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Tulungagung Pembimbing: Dr. Nurul Chojimah, M.Pd Kata Kunci: Gaya Bahasa Lisan, Pemeran Utama, komponen SPEAKING Variasi bahasa dapat dibedakan berdasarkan kegunaannya, apa jalurnya dan bagaimana situasi keformalannya. Chaer dan Agustina (2007) dalam bukunya menjelaskan bahwa Martin Joos telah membagi Variasi bahasa tersebut berdasarkan tingkat keformalannya, 5 gaya bahasa lisan menurut Joos disebut The five clocks ( ragam beku, ragam formal, ragam konsultatif, ragam kasual, dan ragam intim ) Penelitian ini membahas tentang ragam bahasa lisan yang ditampilkan oleh para pemeran utama di film “ The King’s speech”. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menganalisa dua permasalahan yaitu: (1) Gaya bahasa lisan apa yang ditampilkan oleh para pemeran utama di film “ The king’s Speech”? (2) Fakor apa yang mempengaruhi para pemeran utama menggunakan Ragam bahasa lisan di film “ The King’s Speech”? Teori utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori dari Martin Joos (1967, dikutip dari Broderick 1976) dan juga teori dari Dell Hymes tentang komponen SPEAKING yang diambil dari Chaer dan Agustina (2004) untuk mendukung peneliti menemukan faktor – faktor yang menyebabkan para pemeran utama menggunakan ragam bahasa lisan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif karena data penelitian banyak berupa kalimat dari pada angka. Peneliti menggunakan traskripsi dari ujaran pemeran utama untuk dianalisa. Data dari penelitian ini adalah ujaran-ujaran para pemeran utama yang mengandung ragam bahasa lisan. Berdasarkan teori Martin Joos (ragam bahasa Beku, formal, konsultatif, kasual, dan intim ) peneliti menemukan ragam bahasa lisan yang digunakan, antara lain ragam Beku yang hanya muncul sekali atau 1%, ragam formal dalam 12 ujaran atau 16%, konsultatif muncul dalam 11 ujaran atau 15%, ragam kasual adalah yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu 32 kali atau 43%, dan ragam Intim muncul 18 kali atau 24%. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi para pemeran utama menggunakan ragam bahasa lisan dijelaskan oleh peneliti didukung oleh teori Dell Hymes. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain Setting dan scene, Partisipan ( yang terlibat dalam percakapan), End ( tujuan dari percakapan), Act ( pesan yang terkandung daru ucapan), Key ( Intonasi, semangat dalam menyampaikan pesan)),Instrument (Termasuk bahasa lisan atau tulis?), Norm ( aturan-aturan atau norma yang berlaku dlm masyarakat berkaitan dengan cara bicara)), and Genre (jenis ujaran yang disampaikan, apakah berupa puisi, pidato atau do’a).
DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP
Bissmillahirrohmanirrohim, Herewith, I: Name NIM Departement Address
: Safitri Anugrahsuci : 3213103131 : English Education : RT.02 RW 02 Dsn. Karanganom, Ds. Karanganom Kec. Kauman Kab. Tulungagung
Declare that 1. This thesis has never been submitted to any others tertiary education institution for any other academic degree. 2. This thesis is the sole work of candidate of and has not been written in collaboration with any other person 3. If a later time it is found that this thesis is a product of plagiarism, I am willing to accept any legal consequences that may be imposed to me.
Tulungagung, July 21th, 2014
Safitri Anugrahsuci NIM. 3213103131
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Alloh, The Most Beneficent and The Most Merciful, all praises are to Alloh SWT for all the blesses so that the writer can accomplish this thesis. In addition, may peace and salutation always be given to the prophet Muhammad who has guided human being from the darkness days to the lightness ones. First of all, the writer would like to express her thanks to Dr. Maftukhin, M.Ag. as the Chief of IAIN Tulungagung for his permission, so that the writer could write this thesis. Secondly, the writer also would like to thanks to Arina Shofiya, M.Pd. as the Head of English Education program who has given some information which also contributes to the thesis writing. Thirdly, writer’s gratitude is given to Dr. Nurul Chojimah, M.Pd. as the writer’s thesis advisor for her priceless guidance, suggestions,feedback and correction during the completion of this thesis. So many valuable inputs Mrs. Nurul has given toward the accomplishment of this thesis, and the writer. Fourthly, writer’s countless gratitude is given to all persons , including my beautiful friends, Tata and Reztiana, who has given their helps and support which have encouraged the writer to accomplish this thesis.
Finally, the writer realizes that this study is far from being perfect. Therefore, the writer always expects any constructive criticism and suggestion from the reader to make this thesis be better.
Tulungagung, July 21th, 2014
The writer
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover .......................................................................................................
i
Advisor’s Approval Sheet .......................................................................
ii
Board of Examiners’ Approval sheet ......................................................
iii
Motto .......................................................................................................
iv
Dedication ...............................................................................................
v
Abstract ...................................................................................................
vi
Declaration of Authorship .......................................................................
viii
Acknowledgement...................................................................................
ix
Table of Content ......................................................................................
xi
Appendix .................................................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION A. Background .................................................................................
1
B. Research Problem........................................................................
3
C. Objective of The research ...........................................................
3
D. Significance of The Research......................................................
3
E. Scope of The research .................................................................
4
F. Definition of Key Term ...............................................................
4
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A. Review of Related Literature ......................................................
6
B. Previous Study ............................................................................
15
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD A. Research Method .........................................................................
16
B. Data and Data Sources ................................................................
16
C. Technique of Data collection ......................................................
16
D. Data Analysis ..............................................................................
17
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING A. Data Finding ................................................................................
19
B. Data Presentation ........................................................................
19
CHAPTER V: DISCUSSION A. Didcussion of the speech styles performed by the main characters
48
B. Discussion of the SPEAKING Component ..............................
49
CHAPTER VI: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ....................................................................
51
B. Suggestion .....................................................................
53
REFERENCES ..........................................................................
55
APPENDICES .......................................................................................
57
APPENDIX Appendix
The sample of “ The King’s Speech “ movie
