A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF CONJUNCTIONS IN ARTICLES OF THE JAKARTA POST NEWSPAPER
A PAPER
BY
LIJA SEFRIANA M REG. NO 062202076
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA FACULTY OF LETTERS DIPLOMA III ENGLISH DEPARTMENT MEDAN 2009
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Approved by Supervisor,
Dra. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum NIP : 131284311 Submitted to Faculty of Letters University of North Sumatera In partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) IN ENGLISH.
Approved by Head English Study Program,
Dra. Syahyar Hanum, D.P.F.E NIP.130702287
Approved by the Diploma III of English Study Program Faculty of Letters, North Sumatera University As a paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination
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Accepted by the board of examiners in partial to fulfillment requirements for D-III Examination of the Diploma III English Study Program, of the Faculty of Letters, North Sumatera University
The examination is held on the ……………………………………………
Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera. Dean,
Drs. Syaifuddin, M.A.Ph.d NIP.132098531
Board of Examiner and Reader: Examiner
: Dra. Masdiana Lubis M.Hum
Reader
: Drs. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S
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AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, Lija Sefriana M, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except were reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person’s has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of the paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.
Signed :…………………. Date
:………………….
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COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
: Lija Sefriana M
Title of paper
: A Brief Description of Conjunctions In Articles of The Jakarta Post Newspaper
Qualification
: D-III / Ahli Madya
Study Program
: English
I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at discreation of the librarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Letters USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
Signed :………………… Date :………………….
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ABSTRACT Kertas karya yang berjudul “A Brief Description of Conjunctions In Articles of The Jakarta Post Newspaper” ini mendeskripsikan tentang penggunaan konjungsi dalam kalimat yang terdapat pada harian The Jakarta Post. Penyusunan kertas karya ini menggunakan sepuluh artikel sebagai sample atau data. Adapun alasan penulis memilih topik ini karena ingin mengetahui sejauh mana para jurnalis dari harian tersebut menggunakan konjungsi dalam tulisan-tulisan yang mereka hasilkan. Pembahasan dalam kertas karya ini berpedoman pada beberapa buku tentang tata Bahasa Inggris sebagai referensi atau rujukan yang dapat mendukung ide atau pendapat penulis tentang topik ini. Kemudian penulis membaca, menghitung, dan mengklasifikasikan jenis konjungsi yang terdapat pada artikel-artikel di harian The Jakarta Post, untuk mendapatkan jenis konjungsi yang paling dominan digunakan para jurnalis harian The Jakarta Post. Kertas karya ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca. Di dalam kertas karya ini ditemukan bahwa penggunaan konjungsi and yang paling sering digunakan sebanyak 68,2%, konjungsi or sebanyak 6,6%, konjungsi but sebanyak 12%, konjungsi because sebanyak 5,5%, konjungsi after sebanyak 5,5%, dan yang paling sedikit digunakan yaitu konjungsi before sebanyak 2,2%.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank to Almighty God for blessing and giving me an opportunity to accomplish this paper. Furthermore, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to all the people who have been around me to give support accomplish this paper:
1. Drs. Syaifuddin M.A.Pa.D., the Dean of Faculty of Letters, University of North Sumatera. 2. Dra. Syahyar Hanum, D.P.F.E., the Head of English Diploma Study Program. 3. My supervisor, Dra. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum., thank you very much for your advices, suggestion, guidance, and help since I began to write this paper. 4. My reader, Drs. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. 5. All lecturers, especially at English Diploma III Study program, who have taught and given me knowledge during the years of my study in this faculty. 6. My beloved family, my dad D. Manurung, my mom K. Saragi, and my sister, Flora. Thank you for everything, for your love, care, and encourage. 7. My special thanks to Indra Ambarita, who has given me support and encourage me to carry on writing this paper. 8. My best friends Mediana, Netty, Melati, Dwi, Naomi, Rut Sri Novita thanks for always accompanied me when we go home everyday. 9. All 2006 English Diploma III students especially my classmate in class B whom could not be mentioned one by one. I hope that we will be friends forever.
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Finally, I do realize that this paper is still far from being perfect. Therefore, I welcome any constructive critics and suggestions toward this paper.
Medan, May , 2009 The Writer
Lija Sefriana M 062202076
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................
iv
1. INTRODUCTION The Background of Study ..............................................................................
1
The Scope of Study ........................................................................................
3
The Objective of Study ..................................................................................
3
The Significance of Study ..............................................................................
3
The Method of Study .....................................................................................
3
2. PRINCIPLES IN USING CONJUNCTIONS Definition of Conjunctions .............................................................................
5
Functions of Conjunctions .............................................................................
6
Types and Classification of Conjunctions......................................................
6
Coordinate Conjunctions ................................................................................
6
Subordinate Conjunctions .............................................................................. 10 3. THE DESCRIPTION OF CONJUNCTIONS IN ARTICLES OF THE JAKARTA POST 3.1 Data ................................................................................................... 14 3.2 Data Analysis .................................................................................... 15
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3.2.1 The Conjunction ‘And’ ............................................................ 17 3.2.2 The Conjunction ‘Or’............................................................... 18 3.2.3 The Conjunction ‘But’ ............................................................. 19 3.2.4 The Conjunction ‘Because’...................................................... 20 3.2.5 The Conjunction ‘Before’ ........................................................ 21 3.2.6 The Conjunction ‘After’ .......................................................... 22 3.3 The Most Dominant Conjunctions Used In ten Articles Of The Jakarta Post
23
4. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 4.1 Conclusions ....................................................................................... 26 4.2 Suggestions ....................................................................................... 27 REFERENCES..................................................................................................
vi
APPENDICES ................................................................................................... vii
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REFERENCES Ehrlich, Eugene. English Grammar. 3rd ed. USA The Mc Graw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2000. Hasibuan, Sofia Rangkuti. English Language Structure. Jakarta Djambatan, 2000. Kardimin, Akhmad. Essential English Grammar. Yogyakarta Pustaka Pelajar, 2005. Junaidi, Suryadi. Complete English Grammar. Yogyakarta Pustaka Pelajar, 2007. Pelajar, Kardimin, Akhmad. Fundamental English Grammar. 1st ed. Yogyakarta Pustaka 2004. Olivia, W. CH. M. Developing English Sentence. Jakarta Great Media, 2003. Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar In Use. 2nd ed. England Cambridge University Press, 1985. Purwanto, Hadi. BBC English Grammar. Pekalongan CV Bahagia, 1994. Kaplon, Jeffrey P. English Grammar Principles And Facts. USA Prentice-Hall, Inc, 1995. Kardimin, Akhmad. Perfect Structure For Better TOEFL. 1st ed. Yogyakarta Pustaka Pelajar, 2007. Junaidi, S. and Suwono, Eko. 2004. Matematika SMP Kelas 3. Surabaya: Esis/Erlangga Harris.2009. About Conjunction. http//www.virtualsalt.com/conjunct.htm. Nordquist.2009.AboutConjunction. http://french.about.com/library/weekly/aa.htm, 25 february 2009
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