Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. KURVA STANDAR ASAM ASKORBAT
Konsentrasi asam askorbat (ppm) 16 20 24 32 0,3582 0,2925 0,2158 0,0861 0,3682 0,2993 0,2308 0,0798 0,3842 0,3185 0,2467 0,1199
8 0,5017 0,5514 0,5159
Absorbansi 1 Absorbansi 2 Absorbansi 3
0.6
40 0,0133 0,0182 0,0221
y = -0.016x + 0.6307 R2 = 0.9815
0.5
absorbansi
0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
konsentrasi asam askorbat
Berdasarkan hasil pembuatan kurva standar untuk analisa asam askorbat, diperoleh persamaan sebagai berikut: y = -0,016x +0,6307 dengan R2 = 0,9815 Keterangan : y = nilai absorbansi x = konsentrasi asam askorbat
48
Perpustakaan Unika
Lampiran 2. KURVA STANDAR TOTAL FENOL
10
20
Konsentrasi quercetin (ppm) 40 50 60 70
30
80
90
Absorbansi 0,0875 0,2574 0,4530 0,4949 0,6561 0,6946 0,8031 0,9111 1,0314 1 Absorbansi 0,1501 0,2612 0,3856 0,4930 0,6531 0,7158 0,8203 0,9248 1,0640 2 Absorbansi 0,0930 0,2850 0,3861 0,4847 0,6514 0,7205 0,8206 0,9315 1,0441 3
kurva standar total fenol
y = 0.0112x + 0.041 R2 = 0.9892
1.2
absorbansi
1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0
20
40
60
80
100
Konsentrasi quercetin (ppm)
Berdasarkan hasil pembuatan kurva standar untuk analisa total fenol, diperoleh persamaan sebagai berikut: y = 0,0112x + 0,041 dengan R2 = 0,9892 Keterangan : y = nilai absorbansi x = konsentrasi quercetin
49
Perpustakaan Unika
Lampiran 3. HASIL OBSERVASI METODE PEMASAKAN PADA 5 RUMAH MAKAN Tgl
Nama Rumah Makan Agathis, Plamongan Indah
Perebusan - Cap Cay kuah
16-10-09
Steamboat House, DP Mall
Perebusan - steamboat
17-10-09
Kelapa Gading, Jl. Gajah Mada
Penumisan - Ca aneka sayur
09-10-09
Jns Pemasakan
Perebusan - Cap cay kuah
28-11-09
Ratna Berkah, Gombel
Penumisan - ca sawi sendok Penumisan - ca brokoli
11-12-09
Mitra Keluarga, Bukit Sari
Penumisan - ca sawi sendok
Jns Sayur Kol putih Kembang kol Sawi hijau Sawi putih Kembang kol Sawi sendok Kailan Sawi putih Kembang kol Sawi hijau Kembang kol Sawi putih Sawi hijau Kol Brokoli Sawi sendok
Brokoli + sayuran lain (jamur, wortel, kapri) sawi sendok
Jumlah Sayur 55 g 80 g 50 g 100 g 30 g 30 g ±50-60 g/ jenis sayur
Jumlah Air 250 ml
Jumlah Minyak
500 ml ±100 ml
± 50 ml
± 40 g/ ±440 ml jenis sayur
220 g
±180 ml
± 25 ml
± 130 g hingga ± 200 g
±180 ml
± 25 ml
± 160 g
±430 ml (untuk merebus)
±15 ml
50
Proses Pemasakan Sayur dimasukkan ke air mendidih (±100oC) dan dimasak selama 4 menit 44 detik Sayur dimasukkan ke dalam air mendidih (98 oC) dan direbus selama 2-3 menit sebelum ditumis, Kailan direbus ± 3 menit dalam ± 220 ml air mendidih. Selanjutnya, seluruh sayuran ditumis selama 53 detik (suhu produk: 88oC) Sayuran dimasukkan ke dalam air mendidih (±100 oC) dan dimasak selama 2 menit (suhu produk: 91oC) Sayuran dimasukkan ke dalam minyak panas, lalu ditumis selama ± 1,5-2 menit (suhu produk: 83,30C) Sayuran dimasukkan ke dalam minyak panas, kemudian ditumis selama ± 1,5-2 menit (suhu produk: 82,10C) Mula-mula sawi sendok direbus dalam air mendidih selama 30 detik; Kemudian baru ditumis selama 45 detik (suhu produk: 750C)
Perpustakaan Unika
Lampiran 4. HASIL UJI HARDNESS BEBERAPA SAYURAN BRASSICA
Hardness Sawi sendok (gf)
Rebus 2 menit 2153,04 ± 202,74 a
Perlakuan Kukus 2 menit Kukus 3 menit 2481,81 ± 2323,79 ± 251,41 a 549,96 a
Kukus 4 menit 2320,71± 361,89 a
Hardness Brokoli (gf)
3625,23 ± 632,93 a
4712, 89 ± 845, 63 b
4270,03 ± 1349,71 ab
4798,02 ± 1070,88 b
Hardness Sawi Hijau (gf)
1472, 41 ± 661,52 a
1266,30 ± 498,11 a
1458,23 ± 570,84 a
2454,27 ± 572,12 b
Hardness Kol (gf)
2236,09 ± 1780,87 a
3593,30 ± 1559,35 a
2758,88 ± 1128,92 a
3570,24 ± 871,97 a
Hardness Sawi Putih (gf)
1789,28 ± 464,95 a
2160,57 ± 325,67 b
2210,46 ± 444,56 b
2308,77 ± 163,57 b
● Semua nilai merupakan mean ± standar deviasi ● Nilai dengan superscript yang berbeda antar kolom menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan (p ≤ 0,05) dengan menggunakan uji wilayah Duncan
51
Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN 5. ANALISA VARIANSI ONE-WAY TERHADAP HARDNESS BEBERAPA SAYURAN BRASSICA ANOVA
Sawi sendok
brokoli
Sawi hijau
Kol
Sawi putih
Between Groups
Sum of Squares 486662.628
3
df
Mean Square 162220.876
Within Groups
4301838.816
32
134432.463
Total
4788501.444
35
Between Groups
7776844.782
3
2592281.594
Within Groups
32673611.428
32
1021050.357
Total
40450456.210
35
Between Groups
7755556.428
3
2585185.476
Within Groups
10711239.567
32
334726.236
Total
18466795.996
35
Between Groups
11813405.553
3
3937801.851
Within Groups
61102770.738
32
1909461.586
Total
72916176.291
35
Between Groups
1393259.237
3
464419.746
Within Groups
4372997.125
32
136656.160
Total
5766256.362
35
Sawi sendok Duncan Perlakuan
Subset for alpha = .05
N
rebus 2 menit
9
1 2153.037504
kukus 4 menit
9
2320.709569
kukus 2 menit
9
2323.790351
kukus 3 menit
9
2481.809724
Sig.
.090 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000.
brokoli Duncan Perlakuan
Subset for alpha = .05
N 9
1 3625.224777
2
rebus 2 menit kukus 3 menit
9
4270.028139
4270.028139
kukus 2 menit
9
kukus 4 menit
9
Sig.
4712.892181 4798.015619 .185
.304
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000.
52
F 1.207
Sig. .323
2.539
.074
7.723
.001
2.062
.125
3.398
.030
53 Perpustakaan Unika
sawi hijau Duncan Perlakuan
Subset for alpha = .05
N
kukus 2 menit
9
1 1266.301864
kukus 3 menit
9
1458.232525
rebus 2 menit
9
1472.409679
kukus 4 menit
9
2
2454.267873
Sig.
.483 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000.
kol Duncan Perlakuan
Subset for alpha = .05
N
rebus 2 menit
9
1 2236.086059
kukus 3 menit
9
2758.875863
kukus 4 menit
9
3570.236999
kukus 2 menit
9
3593.300551
Sig.
.064 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000.
sawi putih Duncan Perlakuan
Subset for alpha = .05
N
1 1789.280786
2
rebus 2 menit
9
kukus 2 menit
9
2160.570167
kukus 3 menit
9
2210.459620
kukus 4 menit
9
Sig.
2308.765295 1.000
.430
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 9.000.
Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN 6. ANALISA NORMALITAS DATA PENGUJIAN KOMPONEN KIMIAWI SAWI PUTIH DAN SAWI SENDOK Tests of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnov(a)
Perlakuan AO sawi sendok
Askorbat sawi sendok
Fenol sawi sendok
Kadar air sawi sendok
AO sawi putih
Askorbat sawi putih
Fenol sawi putih
Kadar air sawi putih
Segar
Statistic .214
Rebus Kukus
df 6
Sig. .200(*)
.243
6
.200(*)
.316
6
.062
Tumis
.199
6
.200(*)
Segar
.303
6
.091
Rebus
.225
6
.200(*)
Kukus
.156
6
.200(*)
Tumis
.242
6
.200(*)
segar
.246
6
.200(*)
rebus
.289
6
.129
kukus
.219
6
.200(*)
tumis
.175
6
.200(*)
Segar
.109
18
.200(*)
Rebus
.125
18
.200(*)
Kukus
.199
18
.058
Tumis
.138
18
.200(*)
Segar
.273
6
.184
Rebus
.151
6
.200(*)
Kukus
.204
6
.200(*)
Tumis
.266
6
.200(*)
Segar
.187
6
.200(*)
Rebus
.284
6
.142
Kukus
.277
6
.169
Tumis
.224
6
.200(*)
Segar
.298
6
.105
Rebus
.312
6
.069
Kukus
.293
6
.116
Tumis
.299
6
.101
Segar
.197
18
.063
Rebus
.144
18
.200(*)
Kukus
.196
18
.067
Tumis
.121
18
.200(*)
* This is a lower bound of the true significance. a Lilliefors Significance Correction
54
Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN
7.
ANALISA VARIANSI ONE-WAY DATA PENGUJIAN KOMPONEN KIMIAWI PADA SAWI SENDOK ANOVA
AO sawi sendok
Sum of Squares 2417.875
Between Groups Within Groups Total
Askorbat sawi sendok
3
Mean Square 805.958
293.392
20
14.670
2711.267
23
Between Groups
60.880
3
20.293
Within Groups
33.078
20
1.654
93.958
23
Total Fenol sawi sendok
Between Groups Within Groups Total
kdr_air_sawi_sendok
df
1302380.201
3
434126.734
185232.883
20
9261.644
1487613.084
23
1501.145
3
500.382
37.756
68
.555
1538.902
71
Between Groups Within Groups Total
Post Hoc Tests Homogeneous Subsets AO sawi sendok Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 Perlakuan segar
N 6
1 31.6219
2
3
rebus
6
tumis
6
52.4310
kukus
6
56.5152
Sig.
38.9802
1.000
1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
askorbat sawi sendok Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 Perlakuan segar
N 6
1 26.1642
2
tumis
6
29.4733
rebus
6
29.9342
kukus
6
30.0242
Sig.
1.000 .492 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000. fenol sawi sendok
55
.080
F 54.941
Sig. .000
12.270
.000
46.874
.000
901.196
.000
56 Perpustakaan Unika
Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 Perlakuan rebus
N 6
1 881.6042
2
3
tumis
6
1252.7232
kukus
6
1312.5030
segar
6
1528.5417
Sig.
1.000 .295 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
1.000
kdr air sawi sendok Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 perlakuan tumis
N 18
1 83.9365
2
3
segar
18
94.2049
kukus
18
94.3496
rebus
18
Sig.
94.8469 1.000
.562
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000.
1.000
Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN
8.
ANALISA VARIANSI ONE-WAY DATA KOMPONEN KIMIAWI PADA SAWI PUTIH
PENGUJIAN
ANOVA
AO sawi putih
Sum of Squares 96.561
3
Mean Square 32.187
Within Groups
103.613
20
5.181
Total
200.174
23
Between Groups
205.292
3
68.431
Within Groups
122.982
20
6.149
Between Groups
Askorbat sawi putih
Total Fenol sawi putih
328.273
23
66168.042
3
22056.014
Within Groups
198229.150
20
9911.458
Total
264397.192
23
1496.528
3
498.843
14.890
68
.219
1511.418
71
Between Groups
Kdr air sawi putih
df
Between Groups Within Groups Total
Post Hoc Tests Homogeneous Subsets AO sawi putih Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 Perlakuan rebus
N 6
1 17.6949
segar
6
18.1468
kukus
6
tumis
6
Sig.
2
21.5112 22.2583 .735
.576
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
askorbat sawi putih Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 Perlakuan segar
N 6
1 16.2217
rebus
6
18.6192
tumis
6
kukus
6
2
3
18.6192 21.4725
21.4725 23.9858
Sig.
.110 .060 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
57
.094
F 6.213
Sig. .004
11.129
.000
2.225
.117
2278.149
.000
58 Perpustakaan Unika
fenol sawi putih Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 Perlakuan rebus
N 6
1 262.3631
2
tumis
6
330.1309
330.1309
segar
6
372.9524
372.9524
kukus
6
401.8929
Sig.
.082
.251
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
kdr air sawi putih Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 perlakuan tumis
N
1 18
2
kukus
18
96.3846
segar
18
96.4063
rebus
18
Sig.
3
86.0464
1.000 .890 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 18.000.
96.9020 1.000
Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN 9.
ANALISA KORELASI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, ASAM ASKORBAT, DAN TOTAL FENOL PADA SAWI SENDOK
► Sawi sendok Segar Correlations AO sendok segar AO sendok segar
Pearson Correlation
1
Sig. (2-tailed)
.278
.174
6
6
Pearson Correlation
.532
1
-.919(**)
Sig. (2-tailed)
.278
N Fenol sendok segar
Fenol sendok segar -.636
6
N Askorbat sendok segar
Askorbat sendok segar .532
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
N ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
.009
6
6
6
-.636
-.919(**)
1
.174 6
.009 6
6
Askorbat sendok rebus -.204
Fenol sendok rebus -.345
► Sawi sendok rebus Correlations AO sendok rebus AO sendok rebus
Pearson Correlation
1
Sig. (2-tailed)
.698
.503
6
6
6
-.204
1
.844(*)
N Askorbat sendok rebus
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
.698
N Fenol sendok rebus
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
N * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
.034
6
6
6
-.345
.844(*)
1
.503 6
.034 6
6
Askorbat sendok kukus .113
Fenol sendok kukus .175
► Sawi sendok kukus Correlations AO sendok kukus AO sendok kukus
Pearson Correlation
1
Sig. (2-tailed)
.831
.740
6
6
6
Pearson Correlation
.113
1
-.814(*)
Sig. (2-tailed)
.831
N Askorbat sendok kukus
N Fenol sendok kukus
.049
6
6
6
Pearson Correlation
.175
-.814(*)
1
Sig. (2-tailed)
.740 6
.049 6
6
N * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
59
60 Perpustakaan Unika
► Sawi sendok tumis Correlations AO sendok tumis AO sendok tumis
Pearson Correlation
1
Sig. (2-tailed) N Askorbat sendok tumis
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N
Fenol sendok tumis
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N
Askorbat sendok tumis -.132
Fenol sendok tumis -.046
.804
.931
6
6
6
-.132
1
-.443
.804
.379
6
6
6
-.046
-.443
1
.931
.379
6
6
6
Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN 10. ANALISA KORELASI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, ASAM ASKORBAT, DAN TOTAL FENOL PADA SAWI PUTIH ► Sawi putih Segar Correlations AO putih segar AO putih segar
Pearson Correlation
1
Sig. (2-tailed) Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
.516
.849
6
6
-.335
1
-.494
.516
N Fenol putih segar
Fenol putih segar .101
6
N Askorbat putih segar
Askorbat putih segar -.335
.319
6
6
6
Pearson Correlation
.101
-.494
1
Sig. (2-tailed)
.849 6
.319 6
6
Askorbat putih rebus -.653
Fenol putih rebus .590
.160
.218
N
► Sawi putih rebus Correlations AO putih rebus AO putih rebus
Pearson Correlation
1
Sig. (2-tailed) N Askorbat putih rebus
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
6
6
6
-.653
1
-.987(**)
.160
N Fenol putih rebus
.000
6
6
6
Pearson Correlation
.590
-.987(**)
1
Sig. (2-tailed)
.218 6
.000 6
6
Askorbat putih kukus -.853(*)
Fenol putih kukus .883(*)
.031
.020
N ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
► Sawi putih kukus Correlations AO putih kukus AO putih kukus
Pearson Correlation
1
Sig. (2-tailed) N Askorbat putih kukus
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
6
6
1
-.986(**)
.031
N Fenol putih kukus
6 -.853(*)
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed)
N * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). ** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
61
.000
6
6
6
.883(*)
-.986(**)
1
.020 6
.000 6
6
62 Perpustakaan Unika
► Sawi putih tumis Correlations AO putih tumis AO putih tumis
Pearson Correlation
1
Sig. (2-tailed) N Askorbat putih tumis
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N
Fenol putih tumis
Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N
** Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). * Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
Askorbat putih tumis -.956(**)
Fenol putih tumis .959(**)
.003
.003
6
6
6
-.956(**)
1
-.872(*)
.003
.023
6
6
6
.959(**)
-.872(*)
1
.003
.023
6
6
6
Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN 11. ANALISA INDEPENDENT-SAMPLE T TEST PADA SAWI PUTIH DAN SAWI SENDOK Independent Samples Test t-test for Equality of Means t
AO sgr AO rbs AO kks AO tms Ask sgr Ask rbs Ask kks Ask tms Fnol sgr Fnol rbs Fnol kks Fnol tms Air sgr Air rbs Air kks Air tms
df
Sig. (2tailed)
Mean Difference
Std. Error 95% Confidence Interval Difference of the Difference Lower
Upper
Eq var ass
6.119
10
.000
13.47333
2.20188
8.56723
18.37944
Eq var not ass
6.119
9.578
.000
13.47333
2.20188
8.53774
18.40893
Eq var ass
18.597
10
.000
21.28500
1.14453
18.73482
23.83518
Eq var not ass
18.597
6.864
.000
21.28500
1.14453
18.56771
24.00229
Eq var ass
21.132
10
.000
35.00333
1.65639
31.31266
38.69401
Eq var not ass
21.132
9.265
.000
35.00333
1.65639
31.27259
38.73408
Eq var ass
14.507
10
.000
30.17333
2.07987
25.53908
34.80758
Eq var not ass
14.507
5.842
.000
30.17333
2.07987
25.05044
35.29623
Eq var ass
9.170
10
.000
9.94333
1.08430
7.52737
12.35930
Eq var not ass
9.170
5.876
.000
9.94333
1.08430
7.27656
12.61011
Eq var ass
16.618
10
.000
11.31333
.68080
9.79643
12.83024
Eq var not ass
16.618
5.143
.000
11.31333
.68080
9.57782
13.04885
Eq var ass
4.318
10
.002
6.03667
1.39804
2.92164
9.15169
Eq var not ass
4.318
5.045
.007
6.03667
1.39804
2.45254
9.62079
Eq var ass
6.312
10
.000
7.99833
1.26715
5.17495
10.82171
Eq var not ass
6.312
5.038
.001
7.99833
1.26715
4.74845
11.24822
Eq var ass
14.171
10
.000
1155.58928
81.54402
973.89789 1337.28068
Eq var not ass
14.171
8.322
.000
1155.58928
81.54402
968.80773 1342.37083
Eq var ass
18.670
10
.000
619.24105
33.16853
545.33696 693.14514
Eq var not ass
18.670
8.692
.000
619.24105
33.16853
543.80174 694.68036
Eq var ass
15.796
10
.000
910.61012
57.64965
782.15870 1039.06153
Eq var not ass
15.796
8.373
.000
910.61012
57.64965
778.69345 1042.52678
Eq var ass
22.317
10
.000
922.59228
41.34015
830.48069 1014.70388
Eq var not ass
22.317
5.560
.000
922.59228
41.34015
819.46475 1025.71982
Eq var ass
-10.508
34
.000
-2.20142
.20950
-2.62718
-1.77566
Eq var not ass
-10.508
22.031 .000
-2.20142
.20950
-2.63587
-1.76698
Eq var ass
-15.711
34
.000
-2.05504
.13081
-2.32087
-1.78922
Eq var not ass
-15.711
23.755 .000
-2.05504
.13081
-2.32516
-1.78493
Eq var ass
-21.328
34
.000
-2.03618
.09547
-2.23019
-1.84216
Eq var not ass
-21.328
33.829 .000
-2.03618
.09547
-2.23023
-1.84213
Eq var ass
-6.610
34
.000
-2.10991
.31921
-2.75863
-1.46118
Eq var not ass
-6.610
31.200 .000
-2.10991
.31921
-2.76078
-1.45903
63
Perpustakaan Unika
LAMPIRAN 12. PROSES PEMASAKAN SAWI PUTIH DAN SAWI SENDOK PEREBUSAN
Sawi sendok
Sawi putih PENGUKUSAN
Sawi sendok
Sawi putih PENUMISAN
Sawi sendok
Sawi putih
64
