WORKSHEET: ELECTRO TRANSFORMERS PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO TRANSFORMÁTORY

WORKSHEET: ELECTRO – TRANSFORMERS PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO – TRANSFORMÁTORY  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) jmenovité napětí........................................................................................... 2) magnetický obvod........................................................................................ 3) zapojení do hvězdy....................................................................................... 4) transformátor............................................................................................... 5) primární vinutí ............................................................................................. 6) účinnost ........................................................................................................ 7) střídavé napětí.............................................................................................. 8) elektrický stroj netočivý...............................................................................

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 2. Úloha – Obrázek Co vidíte na obrázku? Popište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod).

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 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is a transformer? A transformer is an electrical device that is used to transfer an (1)................................... from one circuit to another (2)................................... This electrical device consists of two windings of wire wound around a core to effect light electromagnetic coupling between these windings. Transformer work on the principle of (3)................................... There are two types of windings – a (4)................................... and a secondary. The (5)................................... can be connected in a triangle or a (6)................................... configuration. Transformers can be categorized in different ways, e.g. depending upon (7)................................... there are two types of transformers – air-core and oil cooled transformers. There are also distribution transformers which are used for power distribution, (8)................................... (block) transformers used in (9)..................................., or traction transformers that are used in (10)................................... traction. text/zdroj: (přeloženo/upraveno)

star, electromagnetic induction, electric, generator, power stations, primary, AC current, circuit, cooling system, windings

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 4. Úloha – Překlad Přeložte (správný překlad 3 body). 1)

Transformátory jsou netočivé elektrické stroje.

2)

Transformátor pracuje na principu elektromagnetického obvodu.

3)

Transformátor se skládá z magnetického obvodu a vinutí.

4)

Vinutí může být zapojeno do trojúhelníka.

5)

Transformátory mají velkou účinnost.

6)

Blokové transformátory se používají v elektrárnách.

7)

Vinutí může být také zapojeno do hvězdy.

8)

Transformátory mají velmi rozsáhlé využití.

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 Klíč 1.

1) Voltage rating/rated voltage (dle potřeby – např. dimenzační/elektrické sítě apod.),

2) Magnetic circuit, 3) Star configuration, 4) Transformer, 5) Primary winding, 6) Efficiency,

7) AC/alternating – current voltage, 8) non – rotating machine

2.

1) Primary windings, 2) Flux, 3) Secondary windings, 4) Secondary current, 5) Ns turns,

6) Secondary voltage, 7) Core, 8) Primary voltage, 9) Np turns, 10) primary current

3.

(1) current, (2) circuit, (3) electromagnetic induction, (4) primary, (5) windings, (6) star,

(7) cooling system, (8) generator, (9) power stations, (10) electric

4.

e.g.:

1)

Transformers are non-rotating electrical machines.

2)

A transformer works on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

3)

A transformer consists of a magnetic circuit and windings.

4)

The windings can be connected in a triangle configuration.

5)

Transformers have very high efficiencies.

6)

Generator (block) transformers are used in power stations.

7)

The windings can also be connected in a star configuration.

8)

Transformers are used extensively.

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WORKSHEET: ELECTRO ELECTRICAL DEVICES – CLASSIFICATION PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO ROZDĚLENÍ ELEKTRICKÝCH PŘÍSTROJŮ  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) elektrická energie......................................................................................... 2) asynchronní generátor................................................................................ 3) elektrický stroj točivý.................................................................................... 4) jmenovitý proud........................................................................................... 5) dynamo.......................................................................................................... 6) hlavní pól....................................................................................................... 7) spouštěč......................................................................................................... 8) synchronní generátor.................................................................................. 9) stejnosměrný stroj........................................................................................ 10) budicí proud................................................................................................

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 2. Úloha – Obrázek A) Co vidíte na obrázku? Napište anglicky [1–4] (správný výraz 1 bod). B) Kde všude se motory používají? Napište anglicky [5–10] (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) 1)

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 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is an asynchronous motor? There are two types of asynchronous machines - asynchronous (induction) (1)................................... and asynchronous (induction) generators. An asynchronous (or induction) motor is a type of (2)................................... electric machine that operates with (3)................................... This is a motor in which the electric current in the (4)................................... is induced by electromagnetic (5)................................... from the magnetic field of the (6)................................... winding. That means this type of motor operates on the principle of a rotating magnetic (7)................................... The asynchronous electric machine has a simple (8)................................... and may be used for electric (9)................................... The motor has relatively high (10)................................... that varies from about 85 to 97%. text/zdroj: (přeloženo/upraveno)

AC current, construction, motors, efficiency, breaking, induction, stator, non – rotating, rotor, field

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Asynchronní stroje jsou elektrické točivé stroje.

2)

Asynchronní motor pracuje na principu točivého magnetického pole.

3)

Asynchronní motory mají jednoduchou konstrukci.

4)

Magnetický obvod je tvořen rotorovými a statorovými plechy.

5)

Asynchronní motory je možné použít k elektrickému brzdění.

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Stejnosměrný stroj je točivý elektrický stroj na stejnosměrný proud.

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Na hlavních pólech je budicí vinutí.

8)

Synchronní motory přeměňují mechanickou energii na elektrickou.

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 Klíč 1.

1) electrical/electric energy (power), 2) asynchronous (induction) generator, 3) rotating

electrical machine, 4) current rating, 5) dynamo/generator, 6) main pole, 7) starter,

8) synchronous generator, 9) DC machine, 10) excitation current

2.

1) Asynchronous motor, 2) Rotor (left) and stator (right), 3) Rotor (with commutator),

4) DC motor, 5) Tram, 6) Trolleybus, 7) Windscreen wiper, 8) Electric locomotive, 9) Washing

machine, 10) Submarine

3.

(1) motors, (2) non – rotating, (3) AC current, (4) rotor, (5) induction, (6) stator, (7) field,

(8) construction, (9) breaking, (10) efficiency

4.

e.g.:

1)

Asynchronous machines are rotating electrical machines.

2)

An asynchronous motor operates on the principle of a rotating magnetic field.

3)

Asynchronous machines have a simple construction.

4)

The magnetic circuit is formed by rotor plates and stator plates.

5)

Asynchronous motors may be used for electric braking.

6)

A DC machine is an electric rotating machine powered from direct current.

7)

On the main poles there is an excitation winding.

8)

Synchronous generators convert the mechanical energy to electrical energy.

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WORKSHEET: ELECTRO ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO ELEKTRONICKÉ SOUČÁSTKY  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) cívka . ............................................................................................................. 2) elektronický obvod....................................................................................... 3) fotodioda....................................................................................................... 4) kondenzátor.................................................................................................. 5) polovodič....................................................................................................... 6) termistor ....................................................................................................... 7) polovodičová součástka . ............................................................................ 8) elektrický odpor............................................................................................

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 2. Úloha – Obrázek Co vidíte na obrázku? Napište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod). A) A)

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 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is an electronic component? An electronic component is a component (device) in an electronic system that is used to amplify or control (1)................................... or currents without mechanical or non-electrical command. The simplest electronic components include (2)..................................., capacitors and inductors. Resistors implement electrical (3)..................................., capacitors are characterized by a constant (4)................................... called (5)……………………………….., inductors (coils) are characterized by their (6)................................... Electronic components may be classified as passive, active, or (7)................................... Passive components cannot supply energy themselves, whereas a battery (source of energy) would be seen as an active component. Passive components include resistors, capacitors, (8)..................................., and transformers. Active components include the components such as (9)..................................., valves, and (10)................................... text/zdroj: (upraveno)

inductors, transistors, resistors, resistance, capacitance, value electromechanic, inductance, diodes, voltages

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Elektronické obvody obsahují elektronické součástky.

2)

Každý elektronický obvod obsahuje rezistory a další součástky.

3)

Křemík je nejdůležitějším polovodičem.

4)

Diody usměrňují střídavý elektrický proud.

5)

Polovodičové součástky mají velký význam.

6)

Existují analogové a číslicové integrované obvody.

7)

Cívky mají vlastní indukčnost.

8)

Termistor je součástka s odporem závislým na teplotě.

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 Klíč 1.

1) inductor/coil, 2) electronic circuit, 3) photodiode, 4) capacitor, 5) semiconductor,

6) thermistor, 7) semiconductor device, 8) electrical resistance

2.

1) inductor, 2) diode, 3) capacitor, 4) schematic diagram – electronic circuit, 5) transistor,

6) transistor Amplifier circuit, 7) integrated circuit (EPROM memory), 8) thermistor symbol,

9) transformer symbol, 10) capacitor symbol

3.

(1) voltages, (2) resistors, (3) resistance, (4) value, (5) capacitance, (6) inductance,

(7) electromechanic, (8) inductors, (9) transistors, (10) diodes

4.

e.g.:

1)

Electronic circuits contain electronic components.

2)

Each electronic circuit consists of resistors and other components.

3)

Silicon is the most significant semiconductor.

4)

Diodes regulate alternating electric current.

5)

There are analogue circuits and digital circuits.

6)

Inductors (coils) are characterized by their inductance.

7)

Semiconductor devices are significantly important.

8)

A thermistor is a component with a resistor whose resistance depends on temperature.

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WORKSHEET: ELECTRO ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO ELEKTRONICKÉ OBVODY  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) akustický zesilovač . ..................................................................................... 2) elektronická součástka ............................................................................... 3) zesilovač malého signálu ............................................................................ 4) periodický signál .......................................................................................... 5) výpočetní technika . ..................................................................................... 6) zesilovač výkonový ...................................................................................... 7) elektrický signál.............................................................................................

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 2. Úloha – Obrázek Co vidíte na obrázku? Popište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod). 2

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 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is an electric circuit? An electric circuit is an electrical device designed to provide a path for electrical (1)............................ to (2)................................... The electrical circuit consists of electrical component such as resistors, (3)………………………………., capacitors, voltage sources, (4)................................... and switches. These elements (components) form a conductive path for the current. The circuit may consist of individual components or (5)................................... circuits. There are two types of electrical circuits: •

closed – the conductive path (formed by an electric circuit) is closed

•

open – the conductive path is (6)................................... by, e.g. a switching device

The open circuit is an electric circuit in which the current does not flow. The (7)................................... electrical circuit provides an uninterrupted path for the flow of current. Electrical circuit can consist of the following: •

electrical (8)................................... (a source of electric current, source voltage or power supply)

•

switching device

•

electrical (9)...................................

The components (elements) that make up the circuit are connected by (10)................................... text/zdroj: (přeloženo/upraveno)

current sources, closed, supply, integrated, appliance, interrupted, current, wires, flow, inductors

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Elektronické obvody se rozdělují podle účelu, ke kterému se používají.

2)

Síťové zdroje obsahují diody, tranzistory, kondenzátory, cívky a další součástky.

3)

Tranzistor je hlavní součástkou všech zesilovačů.

4)

Generátory jsou obvody, které vytvářejí periodické signály.

5)

Nejsložitější elektronické obvody se používají ve výpočetní technice.

6)

Mikroprocesor je složitým elektronickým obvodem.

7)

Zesilovače slouží k zesílení elektrického signálu.

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 Klíč 1.

1) acoustic amplifier, 2) electronic component, 3) small-signal amplifier, 4) periodic signal,

5) computer technology, 6) power amplifier, 7) electrical signal

2.

1) Connector, 2) Led diode, 3) Crystal oscillator, 4) Capacitor, 5) Switch, 6) Rezistor,

7) Integrated circuit, 8) Memory chips, 9) Socket, 10) Microprocesor

3.

(1) current, (2) flow, (3) inductors, (4) current sources, (5) integrated, (6) interrupted,

(7) closed, (8) supply, (9) appliance, (10) wires

4.

e.g.:

1)

Electronic circuits are classified according to the purpose they are used for.

2)

Power supplies include diodes, transistors, capacitors, inductors and other components.

3)

A transistor is a key component of any amplifier.

4)

Generators are circuits that generate periodic signals.

5)

The most complex electronic circuits are used in IT.

6)

A microprocessor is a complex electronic circuit.

7)

Amplifiers are used to amplify the electrical signal.

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WORKSHEET: ELECTRO ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO ELEKTRICKÉ ZDROJE SVĚTLA  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) elektrický zdroj světla . ................................................................................ 2) elektrosvětelná technika . ........................................................................... 3) světelná dioda............................................................................................... 4) venkovní prostranství.................................................................................. 5) žárovka........................................................................................................... 6) světelný tok................................................................................................... 7) výbojka sodíková.......................................................................................... 8) zapalovač.......................................................................................................

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 2. Úloha – Obrázek Které zdroje světla vidíte na obrázku? Napište anglicky (správný výraz 1 bod). A) A)

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 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). Electric light technology Electric light (1)................................... deals with the use of an electric light (2)................................... Lighting includes both artificial light sources like (3)..................................., as well as natural daylight. Electric light sources have three characteristics: (4)..................................., lifespan and the colour of light. Specific power shows how much (5)................................... is obtained from one watt of electrical (6)................................... Lifespan (sometimes lifetime) of a source is a measure of the maximum amount of time for which the electric source can work. Lifespan is shown in (7)................................... Colour derives from the (8)................................... of light interacting in the eye with the spectral sensitivities of the light receptors. There are these electric light sources: •

light bulbs (or lamps, etc.) - the oldest source of electric light

•

(9)................................... lamps

•

pressure (10)................................... lamps

•

LED lamps text/zdroj: (upraveno)

sodium, input, spectrum, luminous flux, hours, fluorescent, lamps, source, technology, specific power

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Elektrické zdroje světla se instalují do svítidel.

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Žárovky jako zdroj světla jsou nehospodárné.

3)

Světelné diody mají dlouhý život a jsou velmi hospodárné.

4)

Světelné diody jsou poměrně drahé.

5)

Zářivky jsou hospodárné zdroje světla.

6)

Svítidla jsou například lampy, lustry nebo reflektory.

7)

Barva světla zářivek závisí na luminoforu.

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 Klíč 1.

1) electric light source, 2) electric lighting equipment, 3) LED (light emitting diode), 4) outdoor

space, 5) (flash)bulb, 6) luminous flux, 7) pressure sodium lamp, 8) initiator

2.

A) LEDs, B) Bulb (i jiné výrazy), C) torch (i jiné výrazy), D) compact fluorescent lamp, E) street

lamp, F) chandelier, G) reflector, H) compact fluorescent light bulb, I) sodium lamp, J) candle

3.

(1) technology, (2) source, (3) lamps, (4) specific power, (5) luminous flux, (6) input,

(7) hours, (8) spectrum, (9) fluorescent, (10) sodium

4.

e.g.:

1)

Electric light sources are installed in luminaires.

2)

Bulbs as the light source are wasteful.

3)

LED lamps which have a long lifespan are very economical.

4)

LED lamps are relatively expensive.

5)

Fluorescent lamps are economical.

6)

Lighting includes lamps, chandeliers, and lights.

7)

The colour of the light depends on the phosphor.

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WORKSHEET: ELECTRO ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO ELEKTRICKÁ MĚŘENÍ  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) multimetr digitální........................................................................................ 2) zkrat................................................................................................................ 3) zapojení paralelní......................................................................................... 4) elektrický obvod............................................................................................ 5) osciloskop...................................................................................................... 6) napětí............................................................................................................. 7) voltmetr......................................................................................................... 8) elektrické měření..........................................................................................

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 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). Electrical measurements Electrical measurements are the methods used to measure electrical (1)................................... The basic electrical quantities are (2)..................................., current, (3)................................... and energy. Voltage is one of the most common quantities that is measured. Voltage is measured with a (4)............................. The voltmeter is connected in (5)................................... DC voltage has two different (6)................................................... (plus – minus). RMS – root mean square is measured within AC voltage. Current is measured using an ammeter. While voltage is a more common measurement, it is often necessary to measure (7)................................... The ammeter is connected in series. An (8)................................... must not be connected in parallel, as the ammeter will act a (9)................................... Power is measured with a (10)................................... Wattmeter has four terminals which must be properly involved in the circuit. Finally, electricity energy is measured using an electricity meter. text/zdroj: (upraveno)

voltmeter, parallel, short circuit, wattmeter, current, quantities, power, ammeter, polarities, voltage

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Elektrická měření se zabývají měřením elektrických veličin.

2)

Nejdůležitější elektrické veličiny jsou napětí, proud, výkon a energie.

3)

Napětí se měří voltmetrem.

4)

Stejnosměrné napětí má dvě různé polarity (plus – mínus).

5)

Proud se měří ampérmetrem.

6)

Ampérmetr nesmíme zapojit paralelně.

7)

Elektrická energie se měří elektroměrem.

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 Klíč 1.

1) digital multi meter, 2) short circuit, 3) parallel connection, 4) electrical circuit, 5) oscilloscope,

6) voltage, 7) voltmeter, 8) electrical measurements

2.

A) Oscilloscope (a screen), B) Ammeter, C) Electricity meter, D) Simple electric circuit,

E) Wattmeter, F) Voltmeter, G) Power supply (battery), H) Parallel circuit, I) Digital multi meter,

J) Analog(ue) multi meter

3.

(1) quantities, (2) voltage, (3) power, (4) voltmeter, (5) parallel, (6) polarities, (7) current,

(8) ammeter, (9) short circuit, (10) wattmeter

4.

e.g.:

1)

Electrical measurements deal with measuring electrical quantities.

2)

The basic electrical quantities are voltage, current, power and energy.

3)

Voltage is measured using a voltmeter.

4)

DC voltage has two different polarities (plus – minus).

5)

The current is measured using an ammeter.

6)

An ammeter must not be connected in parallel.

7)

Electricity/ Electric energy is measured using an electricity meter.

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WORKSHEET: ELECTRO ELECTRIC HEAT PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO ELEKTRICKÉ TEPLO  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) akumulační.................................................................................................... 2) barevný kov................................................................................................... 3) chladicí zařízení............................................................................................. 4) přeměna energie.......................................................................................... 5) topné těleso.................................................................................................. 6) elektrické vytápění........................................................................................ 7) elektrické teplo..............................................................................................

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J)

– 32 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is a storage heater? There are several devices used for (1)................................... interiors or buildings such as an (2)................................... heater, a (3)................................... heater, a domestic electrical under floor heater, or a (4)................................... heater. There are also two main types of heating systems: (5)................................... heating system and storage heating (6)................................... Storage heaters (7)................................... the heat in the period when energy is cheaper, usually at night. That means the storage heater, sometimes called night storage heater, is a kind of an electric device that accumulates and radiates heat which is generated by off – peak (8)................................... In storage heaters there are bricks inside. The bricks are charged over night to store electricity and release it during the day. A storage heater is a comfortable way to (9)................................... rooms, flats, and houses, but on the other side, its purchase (10)................................... is too high. This type of warming interiors was popular in the 1970s. text/zdroj: (upraveno)

fan, price, warming, direct, electricity, electric, accumulate, storage, system, warm

– 33 –


Elektrické teplo je výsledkem průchodu elektrického proudu vodičem.

2)

Elektrická energie se používá k přečerpávání tepla.

3)

Každé chladicí zařízení je také tepelným čerpadlem.

4)

Existuje vytápění přímotopné nebo akumulační.

5)

Chléb a pečivo se peče v elektrických pecích.

6)

Přečerpávání tepla se může využít pro vytápění.

7)

Ovoce a zelenina se suší v elektrických sušárnách.

1)

....................................................................................................................................................................

2)

....................................................................................................................................................................

3)

....................................................................................................................................................................

4)

....................................................................................................................................................................

5)

....................................................................................................................................................................

6)

....................................................................................................................................................................

7)

....................................................................................................................................................................

– 34 –

 Klíč 1.

1) storage, 2) non-ferrous metal, 3) cooling device/equipment, 4) conversion of energy,

5) heater/heating element, 6) electric heating, 7) electric heat

2.

A) Electric food dehydrator, B) Storage heater, C) Electric kettle, D) Electric water boiler or Hot

water storage tank, E) Fan heater, F) Stove, G) Air conditioning, H) Central heating,

I) Infra-heater, J) Hairdryer

3.

(1) warming, (2) electric, (3) fan, (4) storage, (5) direct, (6) system, (7) accumulate, (8) electricity,

(9) warm, (10) price

4.

e.g.:

1)

Electric heat is the result of passing an electric current through a metallic wire.

2)

Electrical energy is used to convert heat.

3)

Each cooling device is also a heat pump.

4)

There is a direct heating system and a storage heating system.

5)

Bread and pastry are baked in electric ovens.

6)

Heat transfer can be used for heating.

7)

Fruits and vegetables are dried in electric kilns.

– 35 –

WORKSHEET: ELECTRO TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO SDĚLOVACÍ TECHNIKA  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) analogové vysílání........................................................................................ 2) digitální televize............................................................................................ 3) mobilní telefon.............................................................................................. 4) elektrický signál............................................................................................. 5) modulovaný signál....................................................................................... 6) velmi krátké vlny........................................................................................... 7) televizní vysílání............................................................................................

– 36 –

 2. Úloha – Obrázek Jaké prostředky a možnosti komunikace vidíte na obrázku? (správný výraz 1 bod) A) A)

.......................................................................

F)

B) ....................................................................... C) ....................................................................... B)

G)

D) ....................................................................... E) .......................................................................

C)

F)

H)

....................................................................... G) ....................................................................... H)

D)

I)

....................................................................... I) ....................................................................... J)

E)

.......................................................................

J)

– 37 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). Telecommunication Technology Telecommunication technology is a technology of sending (1)................................... and messages over long distances using (2)................................... equipment, such as telephone, (3)..................................., microwave transmission, satellites and the Internet. Shortly, it is anything which can be used by people to communicate information over a long distance. The communication technology is designed to transmit (4)..................................., image or (5)................................... One of the most common device that is used to communicate over a distance is a (6)............................ This device is designed to (7)................................... sound and voice from a place to another place. Currently there are two types of telephones: an analog – based telephones (i. t. fixed – line phones) and a satellite based (i.e. mobile or (8)................................... phones). (9)................................... system includes radio and TV networks. This system is designed to transmit information in different formats. Radio and TV networks use (10)................................... waves that send audio and video information from place A to place B. The Internet (sometimes the Net) is an global electronic network that connects a large number of computers and users worldwide. By the way, do you know what the abbreviation www means? text/zdroj:

signals, data, radio, sound, cellular, electromagnetic, electronic, telephone, transfer, broadcast

– 38 –


Většina rozhlasových stanic vysílá na velmi krátkých vlnách.

2)

Sdělovací technika se zabývá přenosem informací na dálku.

3)

Zvuk se převede na elektrický signál.

4)

Před vysíláním se signál upraví modulací.

5)

V mnoha zemích se užívá analogové rozhlasové vysílání.

6)

Vysílá a přijímá se pomocí antén.

7)

Přenos dat se provádí pomocí datových sítí.

1)

....................................................................................................................................................................

2)

....................................................................................................................................................................

3)

....................................................................................................................................................................

4)

....................................................................................................................................................................

5)

....................................................................................................................................................................

6)

....................................................................................................................................................................

7)

....................................................................................................................................................................

– 39 –

 Klíč 1.

1) analogue broadcasting, 2) digital TV, 3) mobile/cellular phone, 4) electrical signal,

5) modulated signal, 6) very high frequency, 7) television broadcasting,

2.

1) Telephone, 2) Mobile telephone, 3) Satellite, 4) Aerial, 5) TV transmitter, 6) Radio, 7) Cable,

8) Internet, 9) Microphone, 10) Skype

3.

(1) signals, (2) electronic, (3) radio, (4) sound, (5) data, (6) telephone, (7) transfer, (8) cellular,

(9) Broadcast, (10) electromagnetic

4.

e.g.:

1)

Most radio stations transmit at very high frequencies.

2)

Telecommunication technology deals with the transmission of information over long

distances.

3)

The sound is converted into an electrical signal.

4)

The signal is modulated before transmission.

5)

Analogue radio broadcasting is used in many countries.

6)

The signal is transmitted and received using an antenna/aerial.

7)

Data transmission is done using data networks.

– 40 –

WORKSHEET: ELECTRO – MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO – OBSLUHA A PRÁCE NA ELEKTRICKÝCH ZAŘÍZENÍCH  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) elektrické zařízení......................................................................................... 2) kondenzátor.................................................................................................. 3) elektrická energie......................................................................................... 4) střídavý proud............................................................................................... 5) vysoké napětí................................................................................................ 6) v blízkosti živých částí................................................................................... 7) nízké napětí................................................................................................... 8) stejnosměrný proud..................................................................................... 9) přenos............................................................................................................ 10) přeměna......................................................................................................

– 41 –


.......................................................................

F)

B) ....................................................................... C) ....................................................................... B)

G)

D) ....................................................................... E) .......................................................................

C)

F)

H)

....................................................................... G) ....................................................................... H)

D)

I)

....................................................................... I) ....................................................................... J)

E)

.......................................................................

J)

– 42 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is electrical equipment? Electrical (1).................................... is any machine that is powered by (2).................................... The electrical equipment consists of an electrical enclosure, a power switch and some electrical (3).................................... Electrical equipment often refers to the components of the electrical (4).................................... system, e.g. switchboards, circuit breakers, (5)...................................., etc. The equipment is designed to generate, transmit, (6)...................................., distribute, control, store, or use electrical (7).................................... This equipment also includes (8).................................... of energy, e.g. batteries, and (9).................................... To work on the electrical equipment is permitted only by a person with appropriate (10).................................... text/zdroj:

transformers, electricity, qualification, distribution, equipment, sources, energy, components, capacitors, convert

– 43 –


Zábrana se používá k zamezení kontaktu s jakýmkoli elektrickým zařízením.

2)

Elektrické zařízení zahrnuje všechny přístroje, které se používají k výrobě, přenosu a přeměně

elektrické energie.

3)

Práce na elektrickém zařízení se také může vykonávat v blízkosti živých částí.

4)

Tuto práci mohou vykonávat pouze osoby s elektrotechnickou kvalifikací.

5)

Přepážka zajišťuje ochranu před přímým kontaktem s elektrickým zařízením.

6)

Baterie a jsou také zdrojem energie.

7)

Kondenzátory také slouží k akumulování energie.

1)

....................................................................................................................................................................

2)

....................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................

3)

....................................................................................................................................................................

4)

....................................................................................................................................................................

5)

....................................................................................................................................................................

6)

....................................................................................................................................................................

7)

....................................................................................................................................................................

– 44 –

 Klíč 1.

1) electrical equipment, 2) capacitor, 3) electrical energy, 4) AC (Alternating Current), 5) high voltage,

6) in the vicinity of live parts, 7) low voltage, 8) DC (Direct Current), 9) transfer, 10) conversion

2.

1) electrical switchgear, 2) high voltage warning, 3) batteries, 4) capacitors, 5) electric shock,

6) AC (Alternating Current) symbol, 7) work on electrical equipment/maintenance, 8) transformer,

9) electric equipment/substation, 10) electrical energy – distribution/transmission tower

3.

(1) equipment, (2) electricity, (3) components, (4) distribution, (5) transformers, (6) convert,

(7) energy, (8) sources, (9) capacitors, (10) qualification

4.

e.g.:

1)

A barrier is used to prevent contact with any electrical equipment.

2)

Electrical equipment includes all electrical devices which are used to generate, transmit

and convert electrical energy.

3)

Work on electrical equipment can also be done in the vicinity of live parts.

4)

This work can be done by a person having electrical qualification.

5)

A partition provides protection against a direct contact with electrical equipment.

6)

Batteries, and capacitors, are also sources of energy.

7)

Capacitors are also used to accumulate energy.

– 45 –

WORKSHEET: ELECTRO – ELECTRICAL DEVICES PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO – ELEKTRICKÉ PŘÍSTROJE  1. Úloha – Slovní zásoba Napište anglické ekvivalenty k těmto českým výrazům (správný výraz 1 bod). 1) elektrická síť.................................................................................................. 2) elektrický přístroj.......................................................................................... 3) jistič................................................................................................................. 4) přetížení......................................................................................................... 5) bleskojistka.................................................................................................... 6) elektrický obvod............................................................................................ 7) odpojovač...................................................................................................... 8) venkovní vedení............................................................................................ 9) rozvodna........................................................................................................ 10) rozváděč......................................................................................................

– 46 –


.......................................................................

F)

B) ....................................................................... C) ....................................................................... B)

G)

D) ....................................................................... E) .......................................................................

C)

F)

H)

....................................................................... G) ....................................................................... H)

D)

I)

....................................................................... I) ....................................................................... J)

E)

.......................................................................

J)

– 47 –

 3. Úloha – Fráze/klíčová slova Přečtěte si krátký text a doplňte slova z tabulky (správný výraz 2 body). What is a circuit breaker? A circuit breaker is a (1).................................... which protects an electrical (2).................................... from a damage. The device is designed to stop the (3).................................... of electric current in an (4).................................... electrical circuit. Apart from (5).................................... in the low and (6).................................... circuits the circuit breaker has also protective function. Unlike an automatic circuit breaker the HV circuit breaker does not interrupt the current automatically. The amount of current is measured by (7).................................... current transformers. The common types of circuit (8).................................... are (based on the type of (9)....................................): a) (10).................................... /low-oil-content b) gas - sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) c) vacuum (up to 35kV) text/zdroj: (upraveno)

electric arc, switching function, breakers, device, high voltage, measuring, overloaded, liquid, circuit, flow

– 48 –


Existuje několik typů stykačů, například vačkové nebo pneumatické.

2)

Nejčastěji se používají stykače elektromagnetické.

3)

Tyto odpojovače se používají v rozvodnách elektrické energie.

4)

Velikost proudu je měřena měřícím transformátorem proudu.

5)

Výkonové vypínače mají spínací a ochrannou funkci.

6)

Rozvodny jsou součástí elektrického distribučního systému.

7)

Osoby pracující v rozvodnách musí mít příslušnou kvalifikaci.

8)

Prostředí rozvoden musí být suché a dobře větrané.

1)

....................................................................................................................................................................

2)

....................................................................................................................................................................

3)

....................................................................................................................................................................

4)

....................................................................................................................................................................

5)

....................................................................................................................................................................

6)

....................................................................................................................................................................

7)

....................................................................................................................................................................

8)

....................................................................................................................................................................

– 49 –

 Klíč 1.

1) electrical network/grid, 2) electrical device, 3) circuit breaker, 4) overcurrent,

5) lighting arrester, 6) electrical circuit, 7) disconnector/disconnecting switch, 8) overhead

lines, 9) substation, 10) switch – gear

2.

1) lighting arrester, 2) relay, 3) circuit breaker, 4) fuse, 5) electrical substation, 6) photovoltaics

(panels), 7) transformer substation, 8) nuclear power station, 9) switch board, 10) overhead lines

3.

(1) device, (2) circuit, (3) flow, (4) overloaded, (5) switching function, (6) high voltage,

(7) measuring, (8) breakers, (9) electric arc, (10) liquid

4.

e.g.:

1)

There are several types of contactors, e.g. cam and pneumatic contactors.

2)

Electromagnetic contactors are the most commonly used.

3)

These disconnectors are used in electric power substations.

4)

The amount of current is measured by measuring current transformers.

5)

Circuit breakers have switching and protective functions.

6)

Substations are parts of an electrical distribution system.

7)

The staff working in a substation must have appropriate qualification.

8)

The substations must be dry and well-ventilated.

– 50 –

 Zdroj obrázků Rozdělení strojů (2. úloha) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10)

Elektronické součástky (2. úloha) A) B) C) D) E) F) G) H) I) J)

– 51 –

Elektronické obvody (2. úloha) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Elektrické zdroje světla (2. úloha) A) B) C) D) E) F) G) H) I) J)

Elektrická měření (2. úloha) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

– 52 –

6) 7) 8) 9) 10)

Elektrické zdroje světla (2. úloha) A) B) C) D) E) F) G) H) I) J)

Elektrické teplo (2. úloha) 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

– 53 –

6) 7) 8) 9) 10)

Sdělovací technika (2. úloha) A) B) C) D) E) F) G) H) I) J)

Obsluha a práce na elektrických zařízeních (2. úloha) A) B) C) D) E)

– 54 –

F) G) H) I) J)

Elektrické přístroje (2. úloha) A) B) C) D) E) F) G) H) I) J)

– 55 –

WORKSHEET: ELECTRO TRANSFORMERS PRACOVNÍ LIST: ELEKTRO TRANSFORMÁTORY

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