Angličtina ve sféře podnikání 2013
PŘIJÍMACÍ TEST 2013 1. ČÁST – KULTURNÍ TEST (30 bodů) Vyberte správnou možnost a napište příslušné písmeno (A, B, C nebo D) do poskytnuté mezery na konci řádku. 1 Which two parties form the government in Britain today? a) Conservative and Liberal Democrat b) Republican and Liberal Democrat c) Labour and Conservative d) Labour and Republican
______
2 Which of these countries was a British colony? a) Japan b) Australia c) Brazil d) China
______
3 Edinburgh is the capital of … a) Scotland b) Northern Ireland
______ c) The Highlands
d) Wales
4 Who fought against whom in the Battle of Gettysburg? ______ a) Americans against the British b) the Confederate army against the Union army c) the US Cavalry against Native Americans (Indians) d) Americans against Mexicans 5 What does American Congress consist of? _______ a) Senate and the House of Commons b) The House of Commons and the House of Lords c) the House of Representatives and Cabinet d) Senate and the House of Representatives 6 Which of these dynasties ruled over England in the 16th century? a) Tudor b) Stuart c) Norman
_______ d) Hanoverian
7 In which year did the Pilgrim Fathers arrive in Cape Cod (New England)? a) 1492 b)1607 c)1620 d) 1776
_______
8 American President is elected, together with the Vice President, to a ________ a) three-year term b) four-year term c) five-year term d) six-year term 9 Who fought against whom in the Battle of the Little Bighorn? _______ a) The Confederate army against the Union army b) Americans against the British c) the US Cavalry against Native Americans (Indians) d) Americans against Mexicans 10 What is the residence of the British Prime minister? a) Westminster b) the White House c) the White Hall
________ d) 10 Downing Street
Angličtina ve sféře podnikání 2013
2. ČÁST – JAZYKOVÁ KOMPETENCE (70 bodů) The long fight against animal testing The government has been assuring us for many years that animal experiments are only sanctioned for high priority medical research, as a last resort. We were told that the trend was for fewer laboratory procedures using animals. Indeed, the government boasted that it was committed to big cuts in animal-based research through the development of replacement methods. This seemed to be the case for several years, when the use of lab animals steadily declined. It therefore comes as a major surprise to learn that in 2008 the number of medical experiments involving animals has shown the largest rise since modern records began. Home Office figures state that nearly 3.7m experiments were performed on animals last year, a rise of 454,000 or 14% on the previous year. This is the steepest increase in animal use in medical research since 1986, when the government introduced new recording and monitoring procedures. While __________most experiments in 2008 involved __________mice, macaque monkeys were used in 1,000 extra experiments, __________ hike of 33%. This trend is particularly disturbing and difficult to justify, given that __________macaques are intelligent, __________social animals. They share many human-like attributes, including __________language, tool-use, reasoning, emotions, improvisation, planning, empathy and __________ capacity to feel both physical and psychological pain. __________ mere fact of their imprisonment in __________laboratory cages – usually in solitary confinement – is __________ serious abuse of these thinking, feeling creatures. Over __________ decade ago, I was invited to join __________ working party based at the Medical Research Council's head office in London. The aim was to look at ways of replacing animal research with credible, rigorous humane options. But in the end, despite the shiny promises, neither the MRC nor the government was willing to stump up the money to devise cruelty-free alternatives. The meetings were all talk and PR spin. I walked out in despair. (Peter Tatchell (guardian.co.uk, Thursday 23 July 2009 21.00 BST)
I. Pečlivě pročtěte výše uvedený text a rozhodněte, zda jsou následující tvrzení pravdivá (P) nebo nepravdivá (N).
(6 bodů, položka = 2 body)
1) The author of the article blames the government for spending too much money on animal-based research in spite of the fact that they have been investing the money to devise cruelty-free alternatives at the same time. P/N 2) The author of the article finds the rise in medical experiments involving animals particularly disturbing and difficult to justify because the animals might suffer from pain. P/N 3) Reductions in animal-based research were only implemented for a few years.
P/N
Angličtina ve sféře podnikání 2013
II. Doplňte dle uvážení člen neurčitý (a/an), určitý (the) nebo nulový (0). While 1) __________most experiments in 2008 involved 2) __________mice, macaque monkeys were used in 1,000 extra experiments, 3) __________ hike of 33%. This trend is particularly disturbing and difficult to justify, given that 4) __________macaques are intelligent, 5)__________social animals. They share many human-like attributes, including 6)__________language, tool-use, reasoning, emotions, improvisation, planning, empathy and 7)__________ capacity to feel both physical and psychological pain. 8)__________ mere fact of their imprisonment in 9)__________laboratory cages – usually in solitary confinement – is 10)__________ serious abuse of these thinking, feeling creatures. Over 11)__________ decade ago, I was invited to join 12)__________ working party based at the Medical Research Council's head office in London. (12 bodů, položka = 1 bod) III. Doplňte slova opačného významu – buď antonyma, nebo opozita odvozená zápornými předponami nebo příponami. (5 bodů, položka = 1 bod) 1) credible - ________________ 2) humane - _________________ 3) willing - _________________ 4) feeling - _________________ 5) join - _________________ IV. Přeformulujte věty tak, abyste při zachování významu mohli užít trpný rod . Je-li třeba, využijte vhodných výrazů z textu (věta je zvýrazněna tučným písmem). (8 bodů, položka = 4 body) 1) The government has been assuring us for many years that animal experiments are only sanctioned for high priority medical research, as a last resort. ________________________________________________________________________________ 2) ... the government introduced new recording and monitoring procedures. ________________________________________________________________________________ V. Přeformulujte celé uvedené věty v nepřímou řeč.
(4 body, položka = 2 body)
1) The author said: “The aim was to look at ways of replacing animal research with credible, rigorous humane options.” ________________________________________________________________________________ 2) The author said: “Home Office figures state that nearly 3.7m experiments were performed on animals last year, a rise of 454,000 or 14% on the previous year. ________________________________________________________________________________
Angličtina ve sféře podnikání 2013 VI. Přeložte následující větu do češtiny; berte přitom v úvahu její kontext (věta je podtržena v úvodním textu). (5 bodů) It therefore comes as a major surprise to learn that in 2008 the number of medical experiments involving animals has shown the largest rise since modern records began. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ VII. Podtrhněte slova, která v této větě plní funkci podstatného jména. (5 bodů, položka = 1 bod) Over a decade ago, I was invited to join a working party based at the Medical Research Council's head office in London. VIII. Podtrhněte v uvedených příkladech celý(é) podmět(y). (3 body, položka = 1 bod) But in the end, despite the shiny promises, neither the MRC nor the government was willing to stump up the money to devise cruelty-free alternatives. The mere fact of their imprisonment in laboratory cages – usually in solitary confinement – is a serious abuse of these thinking, feeling creatures. I walked out in despair. IX. Doplňte druhou větu ve dvojici tak, aby měla v textu stejný, nebo téměř stejný význam jako věta první. Použijte daný výraz, aniž byste změnili jeho tvar. (6 bodů, položka = 2 body) 1) I would prefer you to deliver the parcel on Tuesday. RATHER I would _________________________________________________________________________ 2) Jane will only come to the party if Martin is invited. UNLESS __________________________________________________________________________________ 3) He's too inexperienced to finish the task successfully. ISN'T He _____________________________________________________________________________
X. Dejte slova v závorkách do správného tvaru – použijte správný slovesný čas či vhodný slovní druh odvozený pomocí předpon, přípon a koncovek. (16 bodů, položka = 2 body) A series of recent studies 1) _________________ (highlight) the poor predictability of animal tests. In 2004 a British Medical Journal study 2) _________________ (conclude) that 3) _________________ (science) claims on behalf of animal experimentation were 4) _________________ (large) anecdotal, while one in 2006 5) _________________ (reveal) that animal experiments predicted human outcomes only in a third of 6) _________________ (case) studied. Most damningly, US Food and Drug Administration 7) _________________ (figure) show that 92% of drugs which pass animal trials are found to be unsafe or ineffective in human trials and never 8) _________________ (reach) the market.
Angličtina ve sféře podnikání 2013
Klíč: 1. část – Kulturní test 1)
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2.část – Jazyková kompetence I. N, P, P II. 1) __________ 0 2) __________ 0 3) __________a 4) __________ 0 5) __________ 0 6) _________ 0 7) ______ the/a 8) ________ the 9) __________ 0 10) __________ a 11) ______ a 12) __________ a III. incredible, inhumane, unwilling, unfeeling, leave IV. 1) We have been assured by the government for many years that animal experiments are only sanctioned for high priority medical research, as a last resort. 2)... new recording and monitoring procedures were introduced by the government. V. The author said that the aim had been to look at ways of replacing animal research with credible, rigorous humane options. The author said that Home Office figures stated that nearly 3.7m experiments had been performed on animals last year, a rise of 454,000 or 14% on the previous year. VI. Proto můžete být značně překvapeni zjištěním, že v roce 2008 počet pokusů na zvířatech pro lékařské účely vzrostl nejvíce od té doby, kdy se začaly provádět systematické záznamy. apod. VII. Over a decade ago, I was invited to join a working party based at the Medical Research Council's head office in London. VIII. But in the end, despite the shiny promises, neither the MRC nor the government was willing to stump up the money to devise cruelty-free alternatives. The mere fact of their imprisonment in laboratory cages – usually in solitary confinement – is a serious abuse of these thinking, feeling creatures. I walked out in despair. IX. 1) I would rather you delivered the parcel on Tuesday. 2) Jane will not come to the party unless Martin is invited.
Angličtina ve sféře podnikání 2013 3) He isn't experienced enough to finish the task successfully. apod. X. 1) has highlighted 2) concluded 3) scientific 4) largely 5) revealed 6) cases 7) figures 8) reach
