THE SEQUENCES OF MEANINGS OF THE JAKARTA POST HEADLINE NEWS ON THE FUEL PRICE-INCREASING ISSUE IN APRIL 2012
By JALALUDDIN AL FIRDAUS NIM 200832242
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2012
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THE SEQUENCES OF MEANINGS OF THE JAKARTA POST HEADLINE NEWS ON THE FUEL PRICE-INCREASING ISSUE IN APRIL 2012
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education Program
By JALALUDDIN AL FIRDAUS NIM 200832242
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2012 iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Motto: Everyone has his own potency to choose and develop The biggest trust to the Almighty is the biggest power to do everything The human purposes the God disposes Everything we did is everything will be Go.. beyond the ordinary imagination then act possibly Feed your body with nutrition but don’t forget to feed your soul with belief in the God and love to His prophet, Muhammad SAW.
Dedication: This skripsi is dedicated to: My beloved parents, Mr. Sa’dun And Mrs. Suminah My brothers and sister, Muhammad Nafi’ Al-Ula, M. Ulil Abshor and Noor Sa’idatun Ni’mah Queen of my love palace, My research father, Dr. A. Hilal Madjdi Al-Haj and Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.pd All my family in blood and faith
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Jalaluddin Al Firdaus has been approved by the thesis advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee.
Kudus, September 20, 2012 Advisor I
Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd NIS. 0610713020001020
Advisor II
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001187
Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd. NIP. 19560619-198503-1-002
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Jalaluddin Al Firdaus (2008-32-242) has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree in the English Education Department.
Kudus, September 29, 2012 Thesis Examining Committee:
Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd NIS. 0610713020001020
, Chairman
Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001187
, Member
Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001201
, Member
Fajar Kartika, SS, M.Hum NIS. 0610701000001191
, Member
Acknowledged by The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd NIS. 19560619-198503-1-002 vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The writer gives his gratitude to Allah SWT for giving him everything in his life, so that he can finish writing the research entitled “The Sequences of Meaning of the Jakarta Post Headline News on the Fuel Price-Increasing Issue in April 2012 ”. Then, the writer would like to express his gratitude to: 1. Drs. Susilo Raharjo, M.Pd. as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University, 2. Fitri Budi Suryani, SS., M.Pd. as the Head of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University, 3. Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd as the First Advisor who has guided and given his suggestion in finishing this skripsi with a great patience, 4. Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.Pd as the Second Advisor who has given contributive criticism and assistance during completing this skripsi, 5. All of lecturers and staffs of Muria Kudus University, 8. Last but not least everybody especially his parents, his brothers and sister, his girlfriend, and all of his best friends, who always support him. Kudus, September 20, 2012 Jalaluddin Al Firdaus
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ABSTRACT Firdaus, Jalaluddin Al. 2012. The Sequences of Meanings of The Jakarta Post Headline News on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue. Skripsi. English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (i) Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd (ii) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS., M.Pd. Key words: Key Words: Systemic functional Linguistic, Ideational Meanings, sequences of meaning, and Text Analysis. It has been understood that the headline news of the Jakarta Post Newspaper deal with everyday social life, and that the way the journalist writes the texts represents the functions of language in daily life. In this point, language is structured to make three kinds of meanings simultaneously: experiential or ideational, interpersonal, and textual. Many readers only read and comprehend what the headline news is about from the headline and first paragraph. They do not know the real experience of the journalist in collecting the information. Whereas, all events covered are also important. The objective of this research is to find out the sequences of meaning of the headline news on the fuel increasing issue which were written in the Jakarta Post, published in April 2012. The problems which are investigated are: what are the sequences of phases of the Jakarta Post headline news on the fuel priceincreasing issue in April 2012?, what are the sequences within phases of the Jakarta Post headline news on the fuel increasing issue in April 2012?, and what are the sequences of activities and descriptions of the Jakarta Post headline news on the fuel increasing issue in April 2012? The design of this research is text analysis by using Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory. The data sources of this research are the headline news on the fuel price-increasing issue, written during April 2012. The data of this research is the sequences of meanings realized through texts of the head line news on the fuel price-increasing issue, written in ‘the Jakarta Post’ during April 2012. The text is analyzed to unfold the sequences of meaning into sequences of phases, sequences within phases, and sequences of activities and descriptions. The result of the research shows that the Jakarta Post headline news on the fuel price-increasing issue in April 2012 construes sequences of meanings. The sequences of phases of the texts are classified into facts, comments, and quotations. The sequences within phases are the sequences of what happen (events) in the phase. The sequences of activities are the sequences of activities which tell what the participants do. The descriptions of the text are the description of quality and identity of the participants. Because certain meanings are construed in the text, English learner should must learn about SFL and apply it in certain research and the Lecturer must give a brief guidance to enrich their knowledge and educational archive about linguistics.
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ABSTRAKSI Firdaus, Jalaluddin Al. 2012. The Sequences of Meanings of The Jakarta Post Headline News on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue. Skripsi. Program Studi Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (i) Dr. H.A. Hilal Madjdi, M.Pd (ii) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS., M.Pd. Kata kunci: Linguistik Fungsional Sistemik, Makna Ideasional, Sekuen Makna, dan Analisis Teks. Telah diketahui bersama bahwa “the headline news” bersentuhan dengan kehidupan sosial sehari-hari, dan bagaimana penulis menulis teksnya menunjukkan fungsi bahasa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dalam pengertian ini, bahasa dirancang untuk membuat tiga jenis makna secara simultan, yaitu makna ideasional, interpersonal, and tekstual. Banyak pembaca hanya membaca dan memahami berita dari headline dan paragraph pertama saja. Mereka tidak tahu pengalaman real yang didapatkan journalis ketika mengumpulkan informasi. Padahal keseluruhan text juga merupakan informasi penting yang perlu diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan sekuen-sekuen makna pada “headline news” tentang isu kenaikan BBM, dalam surat kabar “the Jakarta Post”, yang terbit selama bulan April 2012. Masalah yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah: apa sekuen-sekuen fase, apa sekuen-sekuen yang terdapat dalam fase-fase, dan apa sekuen aktifitas dan deskripsi dari “headline news” tentang isu kenaikan harga BBM yang dimuat dalam surat kabar “the Jakarta Post” yang terbit dalam bulan April 2012?, Rancangan penelitian ini adalah analisis text dengan menggunakan teori Linguistik Fungsional Sistemik. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah “headline news” tentang isu kenaikan harga BBM, yang dimuat selama bulan April 2012. Data dari penelitian ini adalah sekuen makna yang direalisasikan melalui teks “headline news” tentang isu kenaikan harga BBM, yang dimuat di ‘the Jakarta Post’ selama bulan April 2012. Text-text tersebut dianalisa untuk mengungkap sekuen-sekuen makna ke dalam sekuen per fase, sekuen-sekuen dalam fase, sekue-sekuen aktifitas dan penggambaran partisipan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teks “headline news” tentang isu kenaikan harga BBM, yang dimuat di ‘the Jakarta Post’ selama bulan April 2012 menafsirkan sekuen-sekuen makna. Sekuen-sekuen fase dalam teks diklasifikan ke dalam fakta-fakta, komentar-komentar, dan kutipan-kutipan. Sekuen dalam fase merupakan sekuen kejadian dalam fase. Sekuen aktifitas menceritakan apa yang dilakukan partisipan sedangkan deskripsi dalam teks adalah penggambaran tentang kualitas dan identitas partisipan itu. Karena makna-makna tertentu terkandung di dalam teks, maka para pelajar Bahasa Inggris harus mempelajari SFL dan menerapkannya ke dalam sebuah penelitian dan Dosen harus memberikan bimbingan dengan jelas untuk memperkaya pengetahuan mereka dan arsip-arsip kependidikan seputar linguistik. ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page COVER .................................................................................................. i LOGO ..................................................................................................... ii TITLE .................................................................................................... iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................ iv ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ...................................................................... v EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL .................................................................. vi ACKNOWLEDGMENT ......................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................... viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................ xi LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................. xiv LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................. xv LIST OF APPENDICES ......................................................................... xvi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1
Background of the Research ........................................................ 1
1.2
Statement of the Problem ............................................................. 7
1.3
Objective of the Research ............................................................ 7
1.4
Significance of the Research ........................................................ 8
1.5
Limitation of the Research ........................................................... 9
1.6
Operational Definition ................................................................. 9
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE 2.1
Discourse and Text ...................................................................... 11
2.1.1 Discourse and Text Analysis ........................................................ 13 2.2
Systemic Functional Linguistic .................................................... 15
2.3
Metafunction ............................................................................... 17
2.3.1
Ideational/ Experiential Metafunction ......................................... 18
2.3.2 Ideation according to Martin’s Thought ....................................... 21 x
2.4
Sequences of Meanings …… ........................................................ 21
2.4.1 Sequences of Phases .................................................................... 25 2.4.2 Sequences within Phases .............................................................. 25 2.4.3 Sequences of Activities and Descriptions ..................................... 27 2.5
Mass Media ................................................................................. 28
2.5.1 Newspaper ................................................................................. 29 2.5.1.1 The Jakarta Post Daily Newspaper ............................................... 31 2.5.1.2 The Jakarta Post Headline News .................................................. 33 2.5.1.3 The Jakarta Post Headline News on Fuel Price Increasing Issue ... 33 2.6
Genre of Headline News in SFL Approaches ............................... 35
2.7
Review of the Previews Research ................................................ 39
2.8
Theoretical Framework ................................................................ 40
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 3.1
Design of the Research ................................................................ 42
3.2
Data and Data Source .................................................................. 42
3.3
Data Collection ............................................................................ 43
3.4
Data Analysis .............................................................................. 44
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS 4.1
The Sequences of Phases of the Jakarta Post Headline News Text on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue in April 2012...................................... 48
4.1.1
The Sequences of Phases of Text I ................................................ 48
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4.1.2 The Sequences of Phases of Text II .............................................. 48 4.1.3
The Sequences of Phases of Text III ............................................. 49
4.1.4
The Sequences of Phases of Text IV ............................................ 51
4.2.
The Sequences within Phases of the Jakarta Post Headline News Text on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue in April 2012 ................................. 53
4.2.1
The Sequences within Phases of Text I ......................................... 53
4.2.2
The Sequences within Phases of Text II ........................................ 56
4.2.3
The Sequences within Phases of Text III....................................... 60
4.2.4
The Sequences within Phases of Text IV ...................................... 65
4.3
The Sequences of Activities and Descriptions of the Jakarta Post Headline News Text on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue in April 2012 68
4.3.1
The Sequences of Activities and Descriptions of text I.................. 68
4.3.2
The Sequences of Activities and Descriptions of text II ................ 74
4.3.3
The Sequences of Activities and Descriptions of text III ............... 80
4.3.4
The Sequences of Activities and Descriptions of text IV ............... 88
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1
The Sequences of Phases of the Jakarta Post Headline News Text on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue in April 2012...................................... 94
5.2
The Sequences within Phases of the Jakarta Post Headline News Text on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue in April 2012 ................................. 96
5.3
The Sequences of Activities and Descriptions of the Jakarta Post Headline News Text on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue in April 2012 101 xii
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1
Conclusion ................................................................................... 102
6.2
Suggestion .................................................................................... 103
BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................... 105 APPENDICES ........................................................................................ 107 CURRICULUM VITAE .......................................................................... 133
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LIST OF TABLES Table
Page
4.1
The sequences of phases of text I .................................................. 46
4.2
The sequences of phases of text II ................................................ 48
4.3
The sequences of phases of text III .............................................. 49
4.4
The sequences of phases of text IV ............................................... 51
4.5
The sequences within phases of text I and indicating clauses ........ 53
4.6
The sequences within phases of text II and indicating clauses ....... 56
4.7
The sequences within phases of text III and indicating clauses ...... 60
4.8
The sequences within phases of text IV and indicating clauses...... 65
4.9
The sequences of activities and description of text I ...................... 68
4.10
The descriptions of text I in nominal group ................................... 73
4.11
The sequences of activities and description of text II .................... 75
4.12
The descriptions of text II in nominal group.................................. 79
4.13
The sequences of activities and description of text III ................... 80
4.14
The descriptions of text III in nominal group ................................ 87
4.15
The sequences of activities and description of text IV ................... 88
4.16
The descriptions of text IV in nominal group ................................ 92
5.1
Events in text I, Govt Fuel ‘Flub’ Fouls Future Plans ................... 98
5.2
Events in text II, Budget May Face More Revisions ..................... 97
5.3
Events in text III, No Higher Prices, No Additional Supply .......... 98
5.4
Events in text IV, No Decision Yet on Restrictions ...................... 100
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figures Page 2.1 Points of view on discourse: from social activity and from grammar ..................................................................................................... 14
2.2
Systemic Functional Linguistic Schema of How the Author Realizes Experiences into the Text, How the Meaning Beyond LexicoGrammatical is Construed, and How the Meanings are Sequenced ..................................................................................................... 24
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page 1. Exemplified Text of the Sequences of Meaning Analysis (Helena Story) .......................................................................................................... 107
2.
Generic Stages and the Indicated Sequences of Phases of the Jakarta Post Headline News on Fuel Price-Increasing Issue in April 2012 ........... 109
3.
Sequencing Clauses .......................................................................... 118
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