DUM = Digitální Učební Materiál Gymnázium Dr. Karla Polesného, Znojmo Anglický jazyk
MAKE, DO, HAVE AND TAKE IN PHRASES Autor: Mgr. Ivana Dvořáková Datum vytvoření: březen 2013
MAKE or DO? WHICH ONE TO CHOOSE? SET PHRASES
MAKE
USE: in set phrases and to talk about creating or constructing something (similar to Czech vyrábět, vytvářet)
The firm I work for makes children’s clothes.
I made some fresh coffee, want some?
SET PHRASES with make make an appointment
domluvit si schůzku
make a journey
uskutečnit cestu
make a bed
ustlat postel
make a mistake
udělat chybu
make a choice
vybrat si
make money
vydělávat peníze
make a decision
rozhodnout se
make a phone call
zavolat si
make a difference
vylepšit, ovlivnit něco
make a plan
vymyslet plán
make a discovery
objevit něco
make a promise
slíbit něco
make an excuse
omluvit se, vymluvit se
make sense
dávat smysl
make fun of
dělat si legraci z
make a suggestion
navrhnout něco
DO
USE: in set phrases and to talk about general and indefinite activities, about jobs and leisure activities
What have you done to the computer?
I normally do the ironing while I’m watching TV.
SET PHRASES with do
do business
podnikat, obchodovat
do homework
dělat domácí úkoly
do damage
poškodit, ublížit
do housework
dělat domácí práce
do (an) exercise
cvičit
do a job
vydělávat peníze
do sb a favour
prokázat někomu laskavost
do some něco uvařit, cooking/shopping/ nakoupit, poklidit... cleaning...
do no good
uškodit něčemu, nepomoci do research
provádět výzkum
READY TO TEST YOURSELVES? EXERCISES WITH REAL-LIFE EXAMPLES
FILL IN THE GAPS – MAKE or DO? 1. Are you crazy? That doesn’t ................... any sense. 2. What do you .................... for a living? 3. Don’t ..................... fun of him! 4. I’ll go with you but I have to ........................ some shopping first. 5. Excuse me, can I ...................... a quick phone call? 6. Stop ..................... that, you’re ...................... a mistake. 7. When I grow up, I want to .................... a lot of money. 8. Could you .................... me a favour, please? 9. Don’t bother, it’ll ..................... make no difference. 10. Have you .................. your homework yet?
FILL IN THE GAPS – MAKE or DO? 1. Are you crazy? That doesn’t make any sense. 2. What do you do for a living? 3. Don’t make fun of him! 4. I’ll go with you but I have to do some shopping first. 5. Excuse me, can I make a quick phone call? 6. Stop doing that, you’re making a mistake. 7. When I grow up, I want to make a lot of money. 8. Could you do me a favour, please? 9. Don’t bother, it’ll make no difference. 10. Have you done your homework yet?
HAVE and TAKE WHEN TO USE IT? SET PHRASES
HAVE
USE: in set phrases, to talk about owning something etc.
Wow, you have a brand new car!
I have no idea what you’re doing.
SET PHRASES with have have breakfast/lunch/dinner snídat, obědvat, večeřet
have a question
mít otázku
have fun
bavit se
have time to do sth
mít na něco čas
have a good time
dobře se bavit
have a bad day
mít den blbec
have trouble/a problem
mít problémy
have a bath
vykoupat se
have a chance to do sth
mít šanci něco udělat
have a swim
zaplavat si
have no idea
nemít tušení
have a look (at)
podívat se (na)
have bigger fish to fry
mít něco důležitějšího na práci
have company
mít společnost
TAKE
USE: very common in set phrases, in conversation, many different meanings!
You should take a bus, it’s cheaper.
Could you answer the door? I’m taking a shower!
SET PHRASES with take take a photo/a picture
vyfotit něco, udělat fotku
take a test
dělat/psát test
take a bath/a shower
dát si koupel/sprchu
take notes
dělat si poznámky
take a nap
dát si šlofíka
take a car/a bus jet autem/autobusem
take it easy
být v pohodě, neprožívat něco příliš
take a right/a left
zahnout doprava/doleva
take place
konat se, odehrávat se
take care of
postarat se o
take a break
dát si pauzu
take part in
účastnit se něčeho
take some time
trvat nějakou dobu, dát si načas
take turns
střídat se
READY TO TEST YOURSELVES? EXERCISES WITH REAL-LIFE EXAMPLES
FILL IN THE GAPS – TAKE or HAVE? 1. I had to ................. a test today. 2. It’ll ...................... some time before it’s ready. 3. ..................... fun tonight and don’t be late! 4. I’m going to ...................... a bath. 5. Do you know where the story ........................ place? 6. You should ................ notes, you won’t remember it all. 7. I ....................... two questions for you. 8. You look terrible, you should ..................... a break. 9. She ....................... no idea what to do. 10. Will you ...................... a picture of me please?
FILL IN THE GAPS – TAKE or HAVE? 1. I had to take a test today. 2. It’ll take some time before it’s ready. 3. Have fun tonight and don’t be late! 4. I’m going to take a bath. 5. Do you know where the story takes place? 6. You should take notes, you won’t remember it all. 7. I have two questions for you. 8. You look terrible, you should take a break. 9. She has no idea what to do. 10. Will you take a picture of me please?
TRANSLATE
Jdu si dát sprchu.
I’m gonna take a shower.
Ještě něco poklidím a pak si dám pauzu. I’ll do some more cleaning and then I’ll take a break. Máš chvilku? Do you have a (spare) minute? Chci si jenom rychle zavolat. I just wanna make a quick phone call. Nemám absolutně žádný tušení, co se tady děje. I have absolutely no idea what is going on here.
REFERENCES
Real-life example sentences in the last section have been extracted from the British National Corpus Online service: (see http://www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk/)
Recommended literature (student workbook): Conrad, S., Biber, D.: Real Grammar. A CorpusBased Approach to English. NY: Pearson-Longman, 2009.
