JOB MATTERS. car mechanics. příručka učitele s klíčem ISBN

Job Matters Car Mechanics příručka učitele s klíčem

stručné úvody k lekcím

JOB MATTERS

klíč ke všem cvičením přepisy nahrávek kopírovatelné předlohy pracovních listů kopírovatelné předlohy shrnujících testů

ISBN 978-80-7238-795-3 Nakladatelství Fraus Goethova 8, 301 31 Plzeň tel.: 377 226 102 fax: 377 224 594 e-mail: [email protected] www.fraus.cz

JM CarMechanics_PU obalka.indd 1

car mechanics příručka učitele s klíčem

16.7.2008 20:09:34

JOB MATTERS

gastronomy příručka učitele s klíčem

JOB MATTERS car mechanics

příručka učitele s klíčem

Nakladatelství Fraus 2008

Job Matters car mechanics příručka učitele Zpracováno s použitím textového, obrazového a zvukového materiálu z publikace Job Matters KFZ-technik – Handreichungen für den Unterricht/Lehrerbegleitheft na základě sublicence nakladatelství Cornelsen GmbH & Co. OHG, Berlin. Autoři: Sven-Olaav Kleber, Ken Thomson Zpracování českého vydání: Eva Králová, Ing. Jan Šneberger Lektor: Ing. Jan Šneberger Odpovědný redaktor: Mgr. Markéta Irová Redakce obrazové části: Bohdan Štěrba, Dagmar Metlická Layout: Sabine Theuring, Berlin Sazba českého vydání: Milada Hartlová Obrazové prameny: Photos.com (www.photocombo.com) titulní foto Vydalo Nakladatelství Fraus, Goethova 8, 301 31 Plzeň Printed in the Czech Republic 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 (první čísla označují pořadí a rok tisku) Výhrada práv: Všechna práva vyhrazena. Reprodukce a rozšiřování díla nebo jeho částí jakýmkoli způsobem jsou bez písemného souhlasu nakladatele zakázány, s výjimkou případů zákonem výslovně povolených. Copyright: © Nakladatelství Fraus, Plzeň, 2008 © Cornelsen Verlag GmbH & Co. OHG, Berlin, 2006 1. vydání ISBN 978-80-7238-795-3

Obsah A

Koncepce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

B

Klíč ke cvičením Unit 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Unit 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Unit 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Unit 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Unit 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Unit 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Unit 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Unit 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Unit 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Unit 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Unit 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Unit 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Unit 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Unit 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Unit 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Unit 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Unit 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Unit 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Unit 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Unit 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Unit 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Unit 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

C

Pracovní listy Kopírovatelná předloha 1: Understanding job adverts . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Kopírovatelná předloha 2: Applying for a job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Kopírovatelná předloha 3: Your curriculum vitae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

D

Shrnující testy Kopírovatelné předlohy 4–8: Test 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Kopírovatelné předlohy 9–13: Test 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Řešení ke kopírovatelným předlohám . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

3

A Cílová skupina a stanovení cíle

Koncepce JOB MATTERS: CAR MECHANICS je určena studentům a učňům všech profesí, které souvisejí s tímto oborem. Slouží k osvojení a rozvíjení odborné angličtiny – po probrání učiva by měli studenti dosáhnout úrovně B1 (Threshold) Evropského referenčního rámce (Common European Framework of Reference). V době globalizace a sjednocující se Evropy je nezbytná znalost cizích jazyků, obzvláště znalost angličtiny. Mezi typické obory, v nichž je důležitá znalost cizích jazyků, patří bezesporu i profese autoopravárenské (porozumění návodu k obsluze, sestavení obchodního dopisu, telefonická či e-mailová objednávka u zahraničního dodavatele nebo vyhledávání odborně zaměřených webových stránek v angličtině). Znalost angličtiny usnadňuje uplatnění na národním i mezinárodním pracovním trhu. Mezinárodní profesní zkušenosti jsou jistě velkou výhodou pro pracovní i osobní postup. K tomuto by měla přispět i publikace JOB MATTERS: CAR MECHANICS

Obsah

Publikace JOB MATTERS: CAR MECHANICS nabízí učňům a studentům snadnou cestu ke zvládnutí a osvojení si odborné angličtiny. Velkou motivací jsou pro studenty především reálné situace z každodenní praxe, které jsou součástí každého cvičení. Publikace provází studenty provozy souvisejícími s automobilovou technikou, zabývá se osobami, které v nich pracují, pracovními místy i jejich vybavením. Zaměřuje se ale také na součástky a jejich funkci, konstrukci, servis, opravu a životní prostředí. Studenti se pomocí této publikace naučí základům anglického odborného jazyka a rozhovorům se zákazníky. Poslední lekce je věnována motocyklům a svařování.

Struktura

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Publikace JOB MATTERS: CAR MECHANICS je rozdělena do dvaadvaceti lekcí podle jednotlivých témat. Každá lekce je umístěna na dvoustraně a nabízí různé typy cvičení, které jsou věnovány stejnou měrou všem čtyřem jazykovým dovednostem: čtení, poslechu, psaní a mluvení.

Koncepce

Pro snazší vstup do jednotlivých lekcí a pro vizualizaci nové slovní zásoby je v publikaci použito velké množství fotografií a ilustrací. Přehledně uspořádaný slovníček slouží nejen k cílenému vyhledávání, ale i k procvičování odborné slovní zásoby. Cvičení jsou sestavována tak, že vyžadují aktivní spolupráci studentů, čímž zvyšují jejich studijní úspěchy. Gramatické struktury nejsou odděleny od ostatních textů, ale tvoří nedílnou součást textových a komunikačních úkolů. Audio CD obsahuje namluvené texty k poslechovým cvičením. Příručka učitele zahrnuje přehled lekcí, řešení, vzorové odpovědi a texty k audio CD. Navíc jsou zde k dispozici také předlohy ke kopírování. K zopakování a upevnění učiva jsou k dispozici také shrnující testy (ve formě předloh ke kopírování).

Koncepce

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B Unit 1

Klíč ke cvičením Training Tento oddíl popisuje práce v oblasti provozu a údržby motorových vozidel. Kromě toho přináší i pohledy do různých oblastí a aktivit, například do mechatroniky motorových vozidel.

Exercise 1

1. Petr works in a small, local garage. 2. Three and a half years. 3. He goes to vocational college in the summer (for ten weeks). 4. Michal works in an authorised garage. 5. He goes to vocational college once a week. 6. At the end of their training, apprentices sit the vocational qualification examination.

Exercise 2

1. foreman, 2. secretary, 3. apprentice, 4. body painter, 5. mechanic, 6. panel beater

Exercise 3

T2* Transcript OK. I’ve planned the jobs I want you to do today and I’ve made a list. If you aren’t sure about something, look it up in the maintenance manual or ask me. OK? I’ve marked the pages. OK, let’s go through today’s jobs. Start on this car. You must adjust the clutch and change the oil filter. Then you can test the battery and check the cables. Replace the spark plugs, too. Look at the driver’s door. There are two long scratches. Paint them carefully. There’s also something wrong with the engine – it makes a strange sound. Find out what that is and repair it if it isn’t too difficult. If it’s something serious, come and tell me. Oh – and don’t forget to clean all the tools that are dirty and put them back where they belong. 1. read, 2. adjust, 3. change, 4. test, 5. check, 6. replace, 7. paint, 8. repair, 9. clean

Exercise 4

Unit 2

1. authorised garage, 2. unskilled worker, 3. vocational college. 4. guesthouse

The parts of a workshop V této lekci studenti poznávají různá pracoviště a zabývají se činnostmi, které se zde vykonávají.

Exercise 1

1. washing bay, 2. office, 3. workshop, 4. car showroom, 5. car park, 6. spare parts store, 7. changing room, 8. paintshop

*

6

T = track

Klíč ke cvičením

Exercise 2

spray painting car bodies: 8, issuing spare parts: 6, repairing cars (etc.): 3, displaying and selling new cars: 4, washing the vehicles: 1, writing estimates (etc.): 2, changing in and out of overalls: 7, displaying and selling second-hand cars: 5

Exercise 3

T3 Transcript Michael is describing the garage where he works. There’s a big car park for customers. There’s a display of cars in front of the entrance. New cars are on one side and second-hand cars are on the other side. Go through the entrance doors and you come into a car showroom with the reception on one side. There are three rooms behind the showroom. The toilets are at one end, an office is in the middle and then there’s a changing room for mechanics. The workshop is next. It’s the biggest room in the building. There’s a separate room on one side. That’s the paintshop. In our workshop we have three car lifts at the back and an inspection pit in the middle. At the back of the workshop there’s a washing bay and the spare parts store. 1. second-hand cars, 2. showroom, 3. reception, 4. changing room, 5. office, 6. workshop, 7. painting, 8. car lifts, 9. washing bay, 10. storeroom for spare parts

Exercise 4

Unit 3

Příklady odpovědí 1. Klára works in the showroom. She sells new and second-hand cars to customers. 2. Jan works in the workshop. He repairs and services cars. 3. Andrej works in the spare parts store. He issues spare parts. 4. Petra works in the office. She writes estimates and invoices.

Equipment in a workshop Tento oddíl popisuje různá pracoviště v oblasti údržby a provozu motorových vozidel. Jako příklad bude blíže popsán autodiagnostický přístroj – motortester. Kromě toho se studenti naučí technickým pojmům a jejich zkratkám.

Exercise 1

1. waste bins, 2. brake test rig, 3. workbench, 4. jack, 5. inspection pit, 6. engine analyser, 7. air compressor, 8. car lift, 9. toolbox

Exercise 2

1. waste bin, 2. brake test rig, 3. jack, 4. engine analyser, 5. air compressor, 6. workbench, 7. car lift, 8. toolbox

Exercise 3

1. monitor, 2. output devices, 3. printer, 4. input devices, 5. keyboard, 6. diagnosis cables, 7. exhaust tester, 8. data processing unit, 9. CD-ROM drive

Exercise 4

O2 = oxygen, rpm = revolutions per minute, ABS = antilock braking system, ppm = parts per million, CO = carbon monoxide, CO2 = carbon dioxide, NO = nitrogen monoxide (nitrous oxide), HC = hydrocarbon, AC/DC = alternating current/ direct current


7

Unit 4

Safety at work Náplní lekce 4 jsou anglické výrazy pro nejrůznější bezpečnostní pokyny a bezpečnostní vybavení.

Exercise 1

1 a, 2 t, 3 r, 4 g, 5 l, 6 b, 7 c, 8 j, 9 n, 10 e, 11 m, 12 o, 13 q, 14 h, 15 k, 16 p, 17 s, 18 d, 19 i, 20 f

Exercise 2

Příklady odpovědí 1. Don’t try to extinguish this fire with water! 2. Warning: This area is radioactive. 3. Warning: You must wear protective clothing. 4. Warning: Wear a faceguard. 5. Be careful: this substance is corrosive!

Exercise 3

1. Always, 2. Don’t/Never, 3. Always, 4. Always, 5. Always, 6. Don’t/Never, 7. Always, 8. Don’t/Never, 9. Don’t/Never

Exercise 4

T4 Transcript Listen to the two apprentices, Peter and Martin. Our company takes safety very seriously. We all have to wear a safety helmet if we’re working under a car. Yes, it’s the same at my place. We also have to wear safety shoes to protect our feet and if we’re welding we must always wear a face shield, a thick leather apron and gloves. Well, of course! Welding can be dangerous. There’s always a high risk of fire, too. When we built our new garage we put in fourteen new fire extinguishers. 1. safety helmet, 2. safety shoes, 3. faceshield, 4. leather apron, 5. gloves, 6. fire extinguishers

Exercise 5

Unit 5

emergency call, emergency exit, safety helmet, safety gloves, first aid, fire extinguisher, fire alarm, face guard, protective clothing

Tools and their use Tento oddíl popisuje různá a speciální nářadí používaná v autoopravárenství. Podrobněji se zde zabýváme výměnou oleje.

5 Exercise 1

8

Odkaz na ochranu životního prostředí: je třeba dbát na odborné skladování a likvidaci použitého oleje a olejových filtrů. T5 Transcript a socket set. a spark plug socket. a wire brush.


a tyre pressure gauge. a screwdriver. a Phillips screwdriver. an adjustable spanner. a hammer. a set of Allen keys. a pair of pliers. a pair of long-nose pliers. a multimeter. a file. a hacksaw. a ring spanner. 1. a socket set, 2. a spark plug socket, 3. a wire brush, 4. a tyre pressure gauge, 5. screwdrivers, 6. adjustable spanners, 7. a hammer, 8. a set of Allen keys, 9. a pair of pliers, 10. a pair of long-nose pliers, 11. a multimeter, 12. a file, 13. a hacksaw, 14. ring spanners The tool on the CD but not in the box is the ‘Phillips’ (crosscut) screwdriver. (In the photos, one of the screwdrivers is a crosscut type.) Exercise 2

T6 Transcript Listen carefully. Peter is explaining what to do when the oil and oil filter have to be changed. You should change the oil filter every time you change the engine oil. You should put on rubber gloves to protect your hands. First you must drain out the old oil. The oil drain plug is under the oil sump at the bottom of the engine. Look, here it is. Can you see it? This is the oil drain plug. You’ll need a flat container for the old oil. Anything will do, as long it’s flat enough to push under the car. Like this. OK. Now you can open the oil drain plug. The oil drain plug is tight, so you’ll need a spanner to loosen it. Oh, remember the gasket, if you are going to reuse it. Don’t lose it! Remove the cap from the oil filler hole at the top of the engine. Now unscrew the old oil filter. You’ll need a special oil filter spanner. The oil filter spanner fits on the bottom of the filter. Unscrew the old filter and screw in the new one. Don’t forget to replace the oil drain plug and the gasket before you pour the fresh oil into the oil filler hole. Pour the fresh oil slowly and keep using the oil dipstick to check the oil level. Too much oil is just as bad as too little. Příklady odpovědí 1. You protect your hands with rubber gloves. 2. It’s under the oil sump at the bottom of the engine. 3. You use a flat container. 4. You loosen it with a spanner. 5. It fits on the bottom of the filter. 6. It’s for checking the oil level in the engine.

Exercise 3

1. feeler guage, 2. impact driver, 3. chisel, 4. torque wrench, 5. micrometer


9

Unit 6

The fuel system Na dvou příkladech je v lekci 6 popisována palivová soustava: na elektronickém vstřikovacím systému u zážehových motorů a na elektronickém vstřikování paliva typu common rail u naftového motoru.

Exercise 1

T7 Transcript To get the fuel from the tank to the engine, a fuel pump, located either in the fuel tank or between the tank and the engine, pushes the fuel along the fuel lines, which lie along the bottom of the car. In earlier times fuel pumps were mechanically driven, but today’s fuel pumps are electric. Within the tank there is also a device called a sending unit that monitors the amount of fuel and sends that information in the form of electronic impulses to the fuel indicator on the dashboard. On its way to the engine, the fuel passes through one or more fuel filters, which catch dirt before it reaches the carburettor or fuel injectors. And you must keep these fuel filters clean, of course. About twenty years ago cars had a carburettor. A carburettor mixed air and fuel together so that they entered the cylinders of the engine as a fine vapour spray. But now you’ll probably only see a carburettor in a car museum! Carmakers today use an electronic fuel injection system because it’s much more exact than the old carburettor and it’s also more reliable. The fuel pump pushes the fuel along the fuel lines. The sending unit monitors the amount of fuel in the tank. The fuel filters catch the dirt before the fuel reaches the engine. A carburettor isn’t used in modern cars. Electronic fuel injection (EFI) has replaced the function of the carburettor in modern car engines.

Exercise 2

1. fuel pressure regulator, 2. fuel injectors, 3. air cleaner, 4. acceleration pedal, 5. fuel return line, 6. fuel line, 7. fuel filter, 8. fuel tank, 9. electric fuel pump

Exercise 3

1. electronic, 2. sprays, 3. fuel, 4. cylinder, 5. injector, 6. sensors, 7. speed, 8. temperature, 9. computer

Exercise 4

1. injector, 2. fuel dosing valve, 3. high-pressure control valve, 4. diesel pump, 5. fuel rail, 6. fuel pressure sensor

Unit 7

Engines (Part 1) Studenti se v lekci 7 seznamují s motorem, jeho částmi a čtyřmi pracovní takty.

Exercise 1

1. cylinder, 2. air intake valve, 3. spark plug, 4. fuel-injection valve/exhaust valve, 5. piston, 6. connecting rod, 7. crankshaft, 8. exhaust valve/fuel-injection valve

Exercise 2

1. piston, 2. cylinder, 3. cylinder head, cylinder head gasket, 4. connecting rod, 5. timing chain, 6. cams, 7. flywheel. 8. oil sump

Exercise 3

1. intake stroke, 2. compression stroke, 3. power stroke, 4. exhaust stroke

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Exercise 4

T8 Transcript What are the main differences between diesel engines and petrol engines? Well, a petrol engine takes in a mixture of fuel and air, compresses it and ignites it with a spark. The mixture of petrol and air is compressed at a ratio of about 8 to 1. So a petrol engine takes in air and fuel at the same time. And then it compresses the mixture. That’s right. And then a spark from the spark plug ignites this mixture of air and gas. A diesel engine takes in just air, compresses it and injects diesel fuel into the compressed air. So the air is compressed first and then the fuel is injected. Yes. And in the diesel engine the air is compressed at a much higher ratio – either 14 to 1 or even 25 to 1. Tell me what happens when you compress a gas. Oh yes, I know that. The more you compress a gas, the warmer it gets. Correct. The heat generated by the high compression ignites the fuel spontaneously. The higher compression ratio makes the diesel engine more efficient than the petrol engine. Are there any other differences between petrol and diesel engines? Diesel fuel is heavier than petrol and it evaporates much more slowly. It is also cheaper than petrol because it needs less refining and so the production costs are lower. 1 P, 2 D, 3 P, 4 D, 5 D, 6 P, 7 D, 8 P

Unit 8

Engines (Part 2) Stejně jako v lekci předchozí, i v této se studenti věnují motoru a jeho konstrukci. Navíc se však věnují také závadám motoru, které jsou rozděleny do tří skupin: problémy s palivem, problémy s kompresí, problémy se zapalováním.

Exercise 1

1. (oil) dipstick, 2. belt, 3. oil sump, 4. connecting rod, 5. flywheel, 6. starter pinion gear, 7. spark plug, 8. fuel injection pump, 9. valve spring, 10. camshaft, 11. starter motor, 12. piston ring

Exercise 2

1 I, 2 F, 3 I, 4 I, 5 C, 6 F, 7 I, 8 F, 9 F, 10 C, 11 C, 12 C


11

Exercise 3

T9 Transcript My granddad says these modern car engines aren’t as good as they were fifty years ago. He says the old engines were bigger and tougher and lasted longer. They were bigger all right, but they weren’t better and they were much heavier. Also everything was made of either iron or steel. Modern car engines also use iron and steel, but much less. Other lighter metals and alloys are used and the processes used to produce the parts are also different. Let’s look at an engine and I’ll show you. The engine block is made out of a special aluminium alloy. It’s light, but very robust. The cylinder head is normal aluminium. The cylinders are made of cast-iron. That’s a bit old-fashioned, isn’t it? I thought a modern engine would use new materials such as carbon fibres or something. Who knows what the future will bring? But at the moment cast-iron is still the best material for the cylinders. The oil sump is also made of aluminium, but it’s made in a special way, which makes it very hard. Let’s look inside the cylinders. Walk over here. We’ve just removed this engine from a car and taken off the cylinder head. Look inside. Here are the connecting rods. They’re made of forged steel. They’re very strong, but they’re also flexible. This is the piston. What do you think it’s made of ? Probably not iron or steel. Is it aluminium? Correct. The piston is an aluminium alloy with a graphite coating on both sides to provide a reduction in friction. And now look at the compression rings. They’re made of a very hard steel. Let’s go on to the camshaft. What’s it made of ? Cast iron? Yes, that’s right. Camshafts are still made of cast iron. So there’s no plastic at all in the engine? Oh, well actually, yes, there is. The oil filter cover is made of plastic. engine block cylinder head cylinders oil sump connecting rods compression rings camshaft oil filter cover piston

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– – – – – – – – –

light aluminium alloy normal aluminium cast iron hard aluminium forged steel hard steel cast iron plastic aluminium alloy with a graphite coating

Unit 9

The ignition Lekce 9 se zabývá zapalováním – popisuje různé polohy klíčku v zapalování a jejich funkci, systém zapalování a typické závady zapalovacích svíček.

5

Odkaz na ochranu životního prostředí: špatně seřízené zapalování negativně ovlivňuje složení výfukových plynů a je příčinou nárůstu emisí.

Exercise 1a

1 = LOCK, 2 = START, 3 = ON, 4 = ACC

Exercise 1b

1. remove, is moving, locks, 2. take, leave, 3. Don’t activate, 4. doesn’t start, wait, trying, 5. leave, isn’t running, drain

Exercise 2

The battery produces a low-voltage electric current. The electric power from the battery isn’t high enough to produce a spark. The ignition coil and the capacitor produce a high-voltage ignition spark. Old cars had a distributor in which a rotor passed the spark to the spark plugs. Modern cars don’t need a mechanical distributor. The function of the mechanical distributor is now performed by a computer chip. When the spark reaches the spark plug it ignites a mixture of fuel and air.

Exercise 3

Photo 3 = Oily, Photo 4 = Melted, Photo 1 = Normal, Photo 2 = Dirty

Unit 10

The electrical system Tato lekce pojednává o elektrickém zařízení a jeho částech: systému zapalování (zapalovací cívka, zapalovací svíčka), alternátoru s klínovým řemenem, baterii a věnuje se také struktuře a funkci baterie. Jedno ze cvičení též nastiňuje postup při startování s vybitou baterií.

5

Odkaz na ochranu životního prostředí: je nutné dbát na správné skladování a ekologickou likvidaci autobaterií.

Exercise 1

1. (F) The ignition coil …, 2. (F) The spark plug …, 3. (F) The alternator …, 4. (True), 5. (True), 6. (F) … is driven by a belt. 7. (F) The alternator drive belt …, 8. (True), 9. (F) The battery …

Exercise 2

1. terminal, 2. cover, 3. container, 4. plate

Exercise 3

T10 Transcript If the car’s battery is flat, you can start the engine by using the battery in another car. You connect the two batteries with cables – they’re called jumper leads. This is what you must do:


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Step 1: Pull the car with the good battery close enough so that the jump* leads can reach both batteries. Step 2: Turn off the engine of the car with the good battery. Step 3: Open both car bonnets so that you can get to the batteries. Step 4: Identify the positive and negative terminals on each battery. Look for the plus and minus symbols. Step 5: Connect the red clamps on the jump leads to the positive terminals of the two batteries. Step 6: Connect one black clamp to the negative terminal on the good battery. Step 7: Connect the other black clamp to the engine block. This earths it. Step 8: Make sure the connection is good and start the car with the flat battery. Step 9: Once the car starts, leave it running. Step 10: Disconnect the jumper leads in reverse order, being careful not to allow the clamps to touch each other or anything else on the car body. 1. Pull the car with the good battery close enough so that the jump leads can reach both batteries. 2. Turn off the engine of the car with the good battery. 3. Open both car bonnets so that you can get to the batteries. 4. Identify the positive and negative terminals on each battery. Look for the plus (+) and minus (-) symbols. 5. Connect the red clamps on the jump leads to the positive terminals of the two batteries. 6. Connect one black clamp to the negative terminal on the good battery. 7. Connect the other black clamp to the engine block. This earths it. 8. Make sure the connection is good and start the car with the flat battery. 9. Once the car starts, leave it running. 10. Disconnect the jumper leads in reverse order, being careful not to allow the clamps to touch each other or anything else on the car body. * AE též: jumper cables

Unit 11

Inside the car Lekce 11 studentům představuje přístrojovou desku, její části a funkci těchto částí a další ovládací prvky v autě. Náplní lekce je také sériové a speciální vybavení vozu (např. bezpečnostními doplňky, nebo rozličnými nadstandardy).

Exercise 1

1. instrument display console, 2. ignition, 3. control stick for lights and indicators, 4. control stick for windscreen wipers and washers, 5. cruise control, 6. emergency warning lights switch, 7. extra switches, 8. air conditioning control module, 9. audio system control module, 10. time/temperature display, 11–13 ventilator vents, 14. glove compartment, 15. passenger airbag, 16. fuse box, 17. bonnet catch

Exercise 2

1. electronic air conditioning, 2. rain sensor, 3. electric seat adjustment, 4. seat heating, 5. reversing and parking aid, 6. central locking, 7. electric window regulator, 8. car key memory, 9. anti-blocking system, 10. foglight, 11. headlight cleaning system, 12. navigation system

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Exercise 3

T11 Transcript A salesman and a saleswoman are talking to potential customers. Please sit in the driver’s seat, Mr Humber. You’re tall, so you’ll need to adjust the seat. Just press this switch. It will stop automatically when you take your finger off. There’s another switch here for the backrest. Try it. Isn’t that great? It’s much better than fiddling around under the seat with stiff levers and knobs and things. And you don’t even have to stop the car. You can adjust the seat while you’re driving. There are separate controls for the front and rear passenger seats. What’s this switch for? Press it. Do you notice anything? Yes, the seat is getting warmer. Believe me. This is really wonderful on cold days. And your wife will love it, Mr Humber. *** Please sit in the driver’s seat, Miss Temple. Notice the all-round vision. There are no blind spots. And the powerful halogen headlights provide good vision at night. Yes, good vision is important, especially at night. Unfortunately I live on a farm and my car headlights get dirty very quickly. Then I’ve got just the thing for you. This little extra will clean your lights at the push of a button, front and rear. Believe me, it’s worth every penny! I’ll think about it. But our farm is near the coast and we often get fog. That accessory won’t help me much with fog. I live near the coast, too. I find this little extra very useful. I’ve got them in my own car. I’ll switch them on. There’s one at the front and one at the rear. Are they really better than normal headlights? Oh, yes. You can see farther in front and drivers behind can see you sooner. It’s a really good safety feature. And look. Here’s another handy device. What is it? It helps you to park. Can you hear the beep? The closer you get to something – a tree, a wall or another car – the faster it beeps. It makes parking easier and safer. 1. electric seat adjustment, 2. seat heating, 3. headlight cleaning system, 4. fog lights, 5. reversing and parking aid


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Unit 12

Transmission and gearbox V lekci 12 se studenti zabývají přenosem síly (spojkou) a převodovkou – popisují a pojmenovávají jejich části, zabývají se závadami motoru a převodovky a jejich možnými příčinami. Závěr lekce je věnován různým druhům náhonu: přednímu náhonu, zadnímu náhonu, náhonu na čtyři kola a náhonu na všechna kola.

Exercise 1a

1 e, 2 c, 3 h, 4 f, 5 a, 6 i, 7 g, 8 j, 9 b, 10 d

Exercise 1b

T12 Transcript Sentence 1: The power produced by the engine turns the crankshaft and the flywheel. The missing term is ‘flywheel’. Sentence 2: When the driver depresses the clutch pedal, the flywheel is disconnected from the engine. The missing term is ‘clutch pedal’. Sentence 3: It is connected by the clutch disc, which presses against the flywheel. The missing term is ‘clutch disc’. Sentence 4: The transmission input shaft transmits the power from the engine to the transmission. The missing term is ‘transmission input shaft’. Sentence 5: Inside the gearbox there are different gears. The missing term is ‘gears’. Sentence 6: The transmission output shaft transmits the power from the transmission to the drive shaft. The missing term is ‘drive shaft’. 1. flywheel, 2. clutch pedal, 3. clutch disc, 4. transmission input shaft, 5. gears, 6. drive shaft

Exercise 2

1 f, 2 e, 3 a, 4 c, 5 b, 6 g, 7 d

Exercise 3

Individuální řešení

Exercise 4


Unit 13

Wheels and tyres Tento oddíl popisuje pneumatiky a disky kol. Je zde popsán a vysvětlen systém mezinárodního značení pneumatik a rovněž je uveden pracovní postup při výměně pneumatik.

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Odkaz na ochranu životního prostředí: skladování a likvidace pneumatik.

Exercise 1

1. tyre, 2. wheel rim, 3. hub, 4. axle, 5. wheel bearing

Exercise 2

1. carcass, 2. belts, 3. tread, 4. sidewall, 5. bead

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Exercise 3

196: tyre width in millimetres, 60: tyre cross-section as a percentage of the tyre width, R: radial tyre, 14: diameter of wheel rim in inches (Zoll), 88: two-number code for the maximum permitted load (here: 560 kilograms), H: letter code for the maximum permitted speed (here: 210 km/h)

Exercise 4

T13 Transcript Sentence 1 is: Check the spare tyre. If it appears flat, fill it with air up to the correct pressure. Sentence 2 is: Remove the spare tyre, the jack, the wheel wrench and wheel chocks from the car boot. Sentence 3 is: Put the wheel chocks under the wheels of the car opposite the flat. Sentence 4 is: Remove the hubcap from the wheel and loosen the wheel nuts with the wrench. Sentence 5 is: Lift the car with the jack until the flat tyre is just above the ground. Sentence 6 is: Now remove the wheel nuts and place them in the wheel cover so that you don’t lose them. Sentence 7 is: Now lift the flat tyre off the hub and lower it onto the ground. Sentence 8 is: Mount the spare tyre onto the hub so that it fits over the wheel bolts. Sentence 9 is: Screw the wheel nuts onto the bolts and tighten them by hand. Sentence 10 is: Lower the car onto the ground and remove the jack. Sentence 11 is: Now use the wheel wrench to tighten the wheel nuts. Sentence 12 is: Collect all the tools and the flat tyre and put them into the car boot. 1. Check the spare tyre. If it appears flat, fill it with air up to the correct pressure. 2. Remove the spare tyre, the jack, the wheel wrench and wheel chocks from the car boot. 3. Put the wheel chocks under the wheels of the car opposite the flat. 4. Remove the hubcap from the wheel and loosen the wheel nuts with the wrench. 5. Lift the car with the jack until the flat tyre is just above the ground. 6. Now remove the wheel nuts and place them in the wheel cover so that you don’t lose them. 7. Now lift the flat tyre off the hub and lower it onto the ground. 8. Mount the spare tyre onto the hub so that it fits over the wheel bolts. 9. Screw the wheel nuts onto the bolts and tighten them by hand. 10. Lower the car onto the ground and remove the jack. 11. Now use the wheel wrench to tighten the wheel nuts. 12. Collect all the tools and the flat tyre and put them into the car boot.

Unit 14

The car body Tento oddíl se týká karoserie vozidla. Zabývá se použitými materiály, jejich vlastnostmi a výhodami. Dále se zabývá stavbou karoserie a jejími díly z hlediska bezpečnosti a spotřeby paliva.

Exercise 1



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Exercise 2

T14 Transcript Step 1: Align the galvanized body components in the usual way. Step 2: But avoid using a body file. Step 3: Use a sanding block or a grinding disc with 80-grain paper instead. Step 4: Apply soldering paste in the usual way. Step 5: Remove the galvanizing with the soldering paste. Step 6: Finish off the repair with 120-grain paper Step 7: Protect the galvanized layer as much as possible, as it is part of the protection against rust! Step 8: Prepare the area around the repair for spray painting. 1. Align, 2. avoid, 3. Use, 4. Apply, 5. Remove, 6. Finish off, 7. Protect, 8. Prepare

Exercise 3

Unit 15

1. roof, 2. roof rail, 3. sun roof, 4. windscreen/windshield, 5. windscreen wiper, 6. bonnet, 7. headlight, 8. brake light, 9. number plate, 10. bumper, 11. side mirror, 12. door handle, 13. boot, 14. tailgate

The brakes V lekci 15 se učí studenti popisovat brzdový systém, zabývají se funkcí brzd a kontrolou brzdové kapaliny.

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Odkaz na ochranu životního prostředí: brzdová kapalina je látka nebezpečná životnímu prostředí. Dbejte na její správné skladování a odbornou likvidaci.

Exercise 1

1. brake drum, 2. parking brake, 3. dashboard warning light, 4. brake pedal, 5. hydraulic booster, 6. brake fluid reservoir, 7. master cylinder, 8. brake disc, 9. brake calliper, 10. brake line.

Exercise 2

T15 Transcript Brake systems – whether they use brake linings or brake discs – operate on all four wheels of the car and use brake fluid under pressure to stop the car when the driver steps on the brake pedal. Today’s vehicles have a twin braking system. The front and rear brakes operate separately. Brake fluid is stored in the master cylinder, which is divided into two sections; each one activates a separate set of brakes. When you push on the brake pedal, brake fluid is forced out of the master cylinder through the brake lines to the brakes at each wheel. Power-assisted brakes use the power of the engine to improve braking pressure. The power brake booster adds pressure to the brake fluid so that the driver doesn’t need to use as much pressure. If a brake warning light flashes on the instrument panel even occasionally, it indicates troubles in the system. There could be a loss of brake fluid, a leak in the brake system, or air in the brake lines. Or it may simply mean that the brakes need adjusting. On most cars, the handbrake works on the rear brakes. It stops the car from moving if it is parked on a slope. 1 B, 2 C, 3 A, 4 C

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Exercise 3

1. Find the master cylinder. 2. Use a rag and wipe off the top of the master cylinder. Make sure it is clean and dry before opening the reservoir. 3. Check what type of fluid the system uses. The fluid type is sometimes stamped on the reservoir or the filler cap. If not, look in the driver’s manual or the service handbook. 4. Open the reservoir. Some systems will have a screw cap, others a snap down cap. 5. Check the fluid level. If it is low, add a little fluid to bring the level up to the full mark. 6. Replace the reservoir cap. Make sure that it’s tightly closed. T16 Transcript Step 1: Find the master cylinder Step 2: Use a rag and wipe off the top of the master cylinder. Make sure it is clean and dry before opening the reservoir. Step 3: Check what type of fluid the system uses. The fluid type is sometimes stamped on either the reservoir or the filler cap. If not, look in the driver’s manual or the service handbook. Step 4: Open the reservoir. Some systems will have a screw cap, others a snap-down cap. Step 5: Check the fluid level. If it is low, add a little fluid to bring the level up to the full mark. Step 6: Replace the reservoir cap. Make sure that it’s tightly closed.

Unit 16

The suspension and steering V lekci 16 se studenti zabývají stavbou a fungováním pérování a servořízení.

Exercise 1a

1. The suspension, 2. Stabilizer bars, 3. Torsion bars, 4. Shock absorbers

Exercise 1b

1. shock absorber, 2. stabilizer bar, 3. torsion bar

Exercise 2

1. upper chamber, 2. piston rod, 3. piston, 4. one-way valve, 5. lower chamber, 6. working cylinder, 7. rubber bushing

Exercise 3

T17 Transcript The power steering fluid is a hydraulic fluid the system uses to make steering easier. If the fluid is low, it will cause a growling noise that gets louder when you turn the steering. If it gets too low, the steering may become difficult. Before you check the steering fluid level you must switch the engine off. Then you look for the power steering reservoir and pump. They are usually at the front of the engine and the pump will be beltdriven. Open the reservoir cap and take out the dipstick. Most reservoirs will have a dipstick mounted under the lid. Then wipe the dipstick off, dip it back into the reservoir and remove it again. Check the fluid level on the dipstick. If the fluid is low, you will have to add more. But be careful not to overfill the reservoir. If the fluid level is too high, it could push off the reservoir cap when you turn the wheel hard and spray all over the engine. Once you have the level set properly, remember the last step: replace the dipstick and close the cap firmly. Now you can turn the engine on and test the steering.


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Příklady odpovědí 1. There will be a growling noise when you steer. It will get louder when you turn the steering. 2. The first thing you must do is switch off the engine. 3. They’re usually at the front of the engine. 4. The dipstick. 5. It is used for measuring the level of fluid in a tank. 6. The fluid will overflow and spray all over the engine. 7. Make sure that you have replaced the cap on the reservoir.

Unit 17

Cooling and heating V lekci 17 popisují studenti funkci chlazení, topení a klimatizace a zabývají se součinností těchto systémů.

Exercise 1

Všechny výroky jsou pravdivé.

Exercise 2

T18 Transcript A liquid called coolant is stored in the radiator, which consists of a tank and metal pipes. A radiator cap seals the system and puts it under pressure. When the engine is running, a water pump that is driven by a belt draws coolant out of the radiator and into the engine compartment through a radiator hose. From there, it circulates through the engine’s water jacket and draws off heat. The warm fluid flows back to the radiator through a thermostat. When the coolant reaches its normal temperature, the thermostat opens and the coolant flows back into the radiator. An electric fan or one powered by a belt that also serves the water pump pulls cool air from the outside through the radiator. The coolant rushes through metal tubes where it is cooled. 1. coolant, 2. radiator, 3. water pump, 4. radiator, 5. hose, 6. fluid, 7. thermostat, 8. coolant, 9. water pump

Exercise 3

1. coolant, 2. (water) pump, 3. control valve, 4. pasenger compartment, 5. ducts

Exercise 4

1. evaporator, 2. temperature sensor, 3. control valve, 4. compressor, 5. condenser, 6. dryer

Unit 18

Engines and fuels – old and new V lekci 18 se studenti seznamují s produktem rafinace – s ropou, vývojem nových motorů a použitím alternativních paliv. Jako příklad je uveden podrobný popis hybridního vozidla – naftový, resp. zážehový motor (= „benziňák“), kombinovaný s elektromotorem.

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Studenti mohou hledat klady a zápory a porovnávat je.

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Exercise 1a

1. propane, butane; cooking; liquified petroleum gas, 2. solvent, 3. petrol, motor fuel, 4. paraffin, 5. heating, 6. grease, lubricants, 7. industrial fuel, perfume, 8. asphalt, tar

Exercise 1b

1. valuable, fuel, 2. harmful, health, pollute, 3. inefficient

Exercise 2 Exercise 3a

1. petrol engine, 2. electric motor, 3. generator, 4. control unit, 5. battery block T19 Transcript A reporter is talking to the production manager of a big car firm. Why aren’t there more electric cars on our roads? Electric motors are very efficient and very simple. There are only three main components. Batteries are wired together in a battery block. This powers an electric motor directly over the wheels. A control unit regulates the supply of electric power between the battery block and the electric motor. What could be simpler than that? Yes, you’re right, but there are some disadvantages. We think combining an electric motor with a fuel cell is the best solution for the future. There are five main components: an electric motor directly over the wheels, a control unit, a fuel cell which is connected to a reformer, and a tank for methanol gas. Electric motor: 1. electric motor, 2. control unit, 3. battery block Electric motor + fuel cell: 1. electric motor, 2. control unit, 3. fuel cell, 4. reformer, 5. methanol tank

Exercise 3b

Individuální řešení T20 Transcript The reporter continues her interview with the car production manager. So what type of engines will drive the cars of the future? It’s difficult to say. We’re experimenting with all three types of engine, but they all have advantages and disadvantages. What are they? A car with an electric motor has two big disadvantages: the battery block is very heavy and the batteries must be re-charged frequently. A car with an electric motor would have to recharge after about 80 kilometres. This is obviously impractical. A fuel cell is much lighter and more powerful than a normal battery. It converts methanol into hydrogen, which produces electrical power. But there are several disadvantages. Fuel cells are very new and at the moment they are very expensive. The methanol in the tank would have to be liquified under very high pressure. In an accident, such a vehicle would be a very powerful bomb! And where would all the methanol come from? Thousands of factories would be needed to produce it. Thousands of filling stations would have to be re-equipped to sell it. Even filling the tank of such a vehicle would be a major safety problem! Klíč ke cvičením

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What about hybrid engines? Well, a hybrid vehicle combines a petrol or diesel engine with an electric motor. They’re more efficient than conventional engines, but not as efficient as either vehicles with electric engines or vehicles with a fuel cell and an electric engine. Hybrid engines are also heavier and more expensive than vehicles with conventional engines.

Unit 19

Vehicle types V lekci 19 se studenti učí pojmenovávat různé typy vozidel jejich britskými, resp. americkými ekvivalenty. Prostřednictvím hrubého popisu vozidla si studenti opakují slovní zásobu týkající se jednotlivých částí vozu.

Exercise 1

1. minibus, 2. bus/coach, 3. city bus, 4. lorry (US: truck), 5. articulated lorry + trailer (US: motor tractor + trailer), 6. articulated lorry (US: motor tractor), 7. saloon (US: sedan/limousine), 8. stretch limousine, 9. convertible, 10. sports car, 11. estate car (US: station wagon), 12. multi-purpose vehicle (US: SUV = Sports Utility Vehicle)

Exercise 2

1. wheelbase, 2. vehicle length, 3. vehicle height, 4. vehicle width

Exercise 3


Unit 20

Service and repair V lekci 20 procvičují studenti rozhovory se zákazníky na téma příjem vozu do opravy. Uvedený vzorový dialog a slovní obraty mají studentům pomoci se sestavováním vlastních dialogů.

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Podkladem pro další dialogy může být také lekce 8 (zejména engine trouble).

Exercise 1


Exercise 2a

Name of customer: Job description: Make of vehicle: Age of vehicle: Time of appointment:

Exercise 2b

T21 Transcript Wakefield Motors. Can I help you?

Mr Roberts Service Ford Galaxy 3 years old Thursday, 8.30 am

My name is Thursly. There’s something wrong with my car.

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Just a second Mrs Thursly. Can you spell your name for me, please? Yes, it’s T-H-U-R-S-L-Y. Thursly. OK? Right. I’ve got it now Mrs Thursly. Now, what’s the problem? The engine of our car isn’t running properly. It makes a knocking sound and there isn’t as powerful as it should be. Can you have a look at it, please? Yes, of course. I’ll need some details. Can you give me the make of the car, its age and the approximate mileage? I’ve got it all written down. It’s a Ford Fiesta. It’s five-years-old. It has got fifty eight thousand miles on the clock. We’ve never had any trouble with it up till now. Can I bring the car round right now? I’m sorry Mrs Thursly, but we’re very busy today. It will have to be tomorrow. We’ll have to check the engine and we might have to replace or repair something. So it might take some time. I’ll have to drive my husband to work first. Will nine thirty be OK? That’s fine, Mrs Thursly. I’ll just make sure I’ve got everything: Ford Fiesta. Five years old. Fifty eight thousand miles. Nine thirty tomorrow morning. OK? That’s it. Thank you. Name of customer: Job description: Make of vehicle: Age of vehicle: Time of appointment: Exercise 3

Mrs Thursly Check engine Ford Fiesta 5 years old tomorrow, 9.30 am

T22 Transcript Hello. Arthur Thursley here. Could you spell that, please? What – Arthur or Thursley? Just your surname, please. It’s T – H – U – R – S – L – E – Y. And my address is 52, Wingate Terrace. That’s W – I – N – G – A – T – E. Thank you Mr Thursley. I’ve got it now. ***


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Hello. I’m Edith Mablethorpe. I’m calling about my car. Sorry. I didn’t catch your surname. Could you spell it for me, please? Sure. It’s M – A – B – L – E – T – H – O – R – P – E. And my address is 205, Sedgewick Gardens. That’s S – E – D – G – E – W – I – C – K. Thanks. I’ve got it now. *** Hello. Tom Austen here. That’s A – U – S – T – E – N. My car won’t start and I’ve tried everything. Can you send somebody around? My address is 280, Devon Close. Mr Austen. 280, Devon Close. OK, Mr Austen, there’ll be a mechanic with you inside half an hour. That’s great. Thanks. 1. Mr Arthur Thursley – 52, Wingate Terrace. 2. Ms Edith Mablethorpe – 205, Sedgewick Gardens. 3. Mr Tom Austen – 280, Devon Close.

Unit 21

Protecting the environment V lekci 21 se studenti věnují tématu ochrany životního prostředí, především s ohledem na znečišťování ovzduší způsobené motorovými vozidly. Studenti se dále seznamují s technickým vývojem vedoucím k minimalizaci škodlivých látek. V lekci jsou také zmíněny přednosti dieslového motoru.

Exercise 1

1 C, 2 G, 3 F, 4 A, 5 H, 6 B, 7 E, 8 D

Exercise 2

1. insulation, 2. oxygen sensor, 3. ceramic honeycomb, 4. steel housing, 5. washcoat, 6. metal coating

Exercise 3 a + b

Individuální řešení T23 Transcript Diesel engines are heavier than petrol engines. That was in the past. Diesel engines now are built with lighter materials and they don’t weigh more than a normal car engine. Diesel engines are more expensive than petrol engines. True. But diesel engines last longer than petrol engines and they’re more efficient, too. And diesel fuel is cheaper than petrol.

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Diesel engines can’t accelerate as fast as petrol engines and this is a big disadvantage when driving in city traffic. You’re living in the past! Modern diesel engines now have much better fuel injection systems. They can accelerate just as fast as cars. Diesel engines aren’t as reliable as petrol engines, they break down more often and need more servicing. They’re sometimes hard to start, too – especially in cold weather! Yes, that used to be true, but modern diesel engines are much better. They are as reliable as petrol engines and they need less servicing. There is now no problem with starting – even in cold weather. the quality of diesel fuel has also improved over the last ten years. I don’t like cars with diesel engines. They make lots of smoke and they stink. They’re noisy, too. Modern diesel engines are much quieter than they used to be. I drive a diesel car and it isn’t louder than car with a petrol engine. And it certainly doesn’t smell bad. It’s fitted with an oxidation catalytic converter, so it’s more environmentally friendly than a petrol engine.

Unit 22

Motorbikes and welding Na příkladu dialogu mezi učněm a mistrem bude v tomto oddílu představen motocykl. Lekce dále řeší téma svařování a uvádí nutné části ochranného oděvu.

5 Exercise 1 a + b

Exercise 2

Další bezpečnostní opatření (viz lekce 4: safety signs, fire extinguisher, approved car lift, etc.) 1. handlebars, 2. frame, 3. mudguards, 4. tyres, 5. wheel rims, 6. motor, 7. brakes, 8. seat, 9. fuel tank, 10. footrest 1. oxygen cylinder, 2. acetylene cylinder, 3. pressure gauge, 4. pressure reducer, 5. acetylene hose, 6. oxygen hose, 7. flame regulator valve, 8. welding torch, 9. face shield with protective sides, 10. safety goggles, 11. leather apron, 12. thick gloves, 13. face shield


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C

Pracovní listy

CLINE-NOR TON LOGIS TICS PLC are looking for a qualifie Kopír. předloha 1 Understanding job adverts d mechanic w ith experien c e of Read the job adverts and answer the questions. electric and h ybrid vehicle s for their logisti cs centre in th e n A orth of She echanic ffield. Applic fied car m ants li a m u ust be prep q – ared to work ) Wanted th n o m shifts and own a H 40 per rkshops eavy Goods (Pay £12 repair wo ar li c c ence. d P se a y: ri £380 per w tho e eek. hain of au ester.We ar h c an We are a c A M nnual holida s ters in ys: 24 days r branche headquar ics for ou . an with our O h c n e g line applica m in k d o e lo ifi e al u ar tions with C q e r W . fo d g n in la k g V to: C t.downey@ loo rthern En c-nlogistics o are d and No .uk and 21 wh 8 1 in Scotlan n e e tw ed ar people be o are prep for young le and wh ib x e fl , le e so hav a , reliab ou must al motivated Y . am te a anent part of ime, perm -t to work as ll fu a is num. ence.This days per an 8 1 driving lic t: n e m e ing eave entitl with mov position. L applicants l fu ss e c c . sist su modation We will as ing accom d n fi to d V an C with a expenses plication ap oa r e tt y le se r even R Send you ES LTD, P IC V R E S H CARTEC

B

WALLACE BREAKDOWN SERVICE LTD Pay: £340 per week + generous overtime rates. Leave: 21 days per annum. If you are a qualified car mechanic and have 2 or 3 years’ experience, we’d like to hear from you. You must be physically fit, own a driving licence and prepared to be on call 24/7. You’ll work on a temporary contract with the possibility of a permanent contract after a year. Send your letter of application with a CV to Mrs L. Rodgers, P. O. Box 36901

Tick (✓) the correct answers. 1 An authorised garage (advert A) A has been officially tested and approved by the government. B has a contract with a car manufacturer and it only services their cars. Job Matters Car Mechanics, © Nakladatelství Fraus, 2008

C is allowed to service all kinds of vehicles, including lorries and buses. 2 The term ‘flexible’ in advert A probably means somebody who A is physically fit. B is prepared to move to a new area. C is very tolerant and good-natured. 3 To be ‘on call 24/7’ (advert B) means A There aren’t any definite starting and finishing times. B You must answer the phone and deal with breakdowns. C You must work one extra 24-hour shift every seven weeks. 4 A Heavy Goods licence allows you to A service and repair vehicles over 7 tons. B transport goods for commercial purposes. C drive heavy lorries (above 7 tons), buses and coaches. 26

Pracovní listy

Kopír. předloha 2

Applying for a job A letter of application should be short and made up of standard phrases and expressions. These are underlined in the example below.

Keith Morgan • 19 Clive Close • Sheffield SH4 8AL • Tel: 05715 907 8851

Mrs Gloria Mattlock Manager Devon Garages Ltd 28-29 Cumberland Road Coventry CV2 5BL 23 February 2010 Dear Mrs Mattlock, APPLICATION FOR THE POST OF MECHANIC I am writing to apply for the post of mechanic with Devon Garages Ltd. It was advertised in the Coventry Evening Telegraph on 17 February. I enclose my curriculum vitae for your further information. I have recently finished my training as a car mechanic and I am now looking for full-time employment. I am applying for this post because I would like to work with a well-known and respected local firm that privides a full range of services and where I can gain valuable on-the-job experience.

Job Matters Car Mechanics, © Nakladatelství Fraus, 2008

I feel that I am well-suited to the post not only because I am a qualified mechanic, but also because I enjoy working with cars, I‘m reliable and willing to learn. I have attempted to include all the information you need in my curriculum vitae. If you need any further details, please contact me by phone or e-mail ([email protected]). I look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely

Keith Morgan Enclosure: curriculum vitae

Write a letter of application for one of the jobs from the previous page. Pracovní listy

27

Kopír. předloha 3

Your curriculum vitae Here are the most important things to remember when writing a curriculum vitae in English. • List the details of your education, training and work experience in reverse order. • Include a copy of your final school or college certificate. • Don’t sign and date your curriculum vitae. • Include a photograph of yourself. • Your curriculum vitae should never be longer than two pages. • Include any skills and experiences you have gained in addition to your formal training. • Include details about your hobbies and interests. • The information in your CV should be easy to find: organize it into logical blocks and give each block a heading. Jeremy Everyman

PERSONAL DETAILS Date of Birth Family status Nationality Address Telephone/Fax E-mail address

5 August 1984 single British 19 Clive Close, Sheffield SH4 8AL 05715-907 8851 jereveryman2.glx.uk

TRAINING AND WORK EXPERIENCE 2001 – 2008 Apprenticeship with Bentine Motors Ltd, 204, Pudding Lane, Sheffield SH4 8PN


EDUCATION 1995 – 2000 Examination results

Sidney Stringer Secondary School GCSEs in English, Arithmetic, Chemistry and German

OTHER SKILLS AND EXPERIENCE Full driving licence General Commercial Certificate in German Computer course: Word, Excel, Outlook, Internet HOBBIES AND SPORTS Cycling Football – member of Redfern Amateur Football Club Reading

• Write your own curriculum vitae in English. • Download some sample CVs and compare them with yours: jobsearch.about.com/od/cvsamples/a/blsamplecv.htm 28

Pracovní listy

D Kopír. předloha 4

Shrnující testy Test 1 1 Technical phrases Match the words on the left with the words on the right to make useful expressions. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

fill push wear switch loosen charge protect prevent

1

2

A B C D E F G H 3

4

the car from rolling the power steering reservoir the wheel nuts the battery a safety helmet your hands the engine off the brake pedal 5

6

7

8

2 Vocabulary about cars a) You can make a technical term with three of the words. Choose one of them and translate it. b) Tick (✓) the word that you can’t use to make a technical term. 1

lights = a) forward

2

c) indicator

d) brake

c) power steering

d) fuel

c) acceleration

d) fuel injection

c) disc

d) fluid reservoir

c) radiator

d) fluid

pump = a) water


b) reversing

3

b) ignition valve =

a) air intake 4 brake a) booster 5

b) exhaust = b) calliper cap =

a) snap-down

b) reservoir

Shrnující testy

29

Kopír. předloha 5

3 Car parts a) Match the English words (1–8) with the Czech words (A–H). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1

fuel pressure regulator master cylinder glove compartment flywheel camshaft dipstick fuel dosing valve anti-blocking system 2

3

A B C D E F G H 4

ABS-systém setrvačník ventil dávkování paliva hlavní brzdový válec regulátor tlaku paliva přihrádka (v autě) vačková hřídel měrka (oleje) 5

6

7

8

b) Which of the parts above can be found in the car’s engine?

4 The spark plugs The condition of the spark plug can show problems in a car. Match the things that can go wrong (A–F) to the condition of the spark plugs (1–3) Job Matters Car Mechanics, © Nakladatelství Fraus, 2008

1 Oily 2 Melted 3 Dirty A air filter needs to be replaced B oil sump has been overfilled C valves are damaged D air intake is blocked E timing needs adjusting F piston rings are worn

30

Shrnující testy

Kopír. předloha 6

5 Listen to track 15 on the CD. (Unit 15, exercise 2) Are the following sentences true (✓) or false (✗)? Correct the false sentences. 1 Brake systems use pressurized brake fluid to stop the car. 2 The front and rear brakes operate together. 3 Brake fluid is stored in the master cylinder, which is divided into four sections. 4 A brake warning light indicates trouble in the system. 5 The handbrake works on the front wheels in most cars.

6 A telephone call What does Mrs Smith say? Complete the dialogue with the sentences in the box. A That’s very expensive, but go ahead and replace it. When can I pick up my car? B Hello. Is my car ready? C Oh, no. What is it? D OK. Thank you for calling me. Oh. Could you send me a written confirmation of the costs? My fax number is 987 26 543. E Mrs Smith: How much will that cost? Mechanic: Hello, Mrs Smith. This is Robert Little. I’m a mechanic at Gilson’s Garage. Mrs Smith:

(1)


Mechanic: No, not yet. While I was servicing your car I found a problem. Mrs Smith:

(2)

Mechanic: There is a crack in the master cylinder and brake fluid is leaking out. The master cylinder must be replaced. Mrs Smith:

(3)

Mechanic: The new master cylinder will cost one hundred and fifty pounds. It will take two hours to fit. So that will be another one hundred pounds. So that’s two hundred and fifty pounds on top of the service itself. The service costs one hundred and forty pounds. So it will cost £three hundred and ninety pounds altogether. Mrs Smith:

(4)

Mechanic: Tomorrow afternoon after five o’clock. Mrs Smith:

(5)

Mechanic: No problem, Mrs Smith. See you tomorrow. Shrnující testy

31

Kopír. předloha 7

7 A fax to the customer Read the complete dialogue in exercise 6. Now write a fax to Mrs Smith: – Confirm the details of the repair job on her car. – List all the seperate costs and give a total price. – Tell her when she can pick up her car.

Gilson’s Garage • 34, Appledean Road, Haversham SF GH29 • Tel. 0378-93345 • Fax. 0378-93347 • [email protected]

FAX To: Mrs Smith Fax number: 987 26 543 In confirmation of our telephone conversation on: Tuesday, June 7th


Dear Mrs Smith,

Yours sincerely,

Robert Little

32

Shrnující testy

Kopír. předloha 8

8 How to change a tyre Explain this list of instructions to a Czech colleague who doesn’t understand English. 1 Remove the spare tyre, the jack, the wheel-wrench and wheel chocks from the car boot.

2 Put the wheel chocks under the wheels of the car opposite the flat tyre.

3 Remove the hubcap from the wheel and loosen the wheel nuts with the wrench.

4 Lift the car with the jack until the flat tyre is just above the ground.

5 Now remove the wheel nuts.


6 Lift the flat tyre off the hub and lower it onto the ground.

7 Mount the spare tyre onto the hub.

8 Screw the wheel nuts onto the bolts and tighten them by hand.

9 Lower the car onto the ground and remove the jack.

10 Now use the wheel-wrench to tighten the wheel nuts.

Shrnující testy

33

Kopír. předloha 9

Test 2 1 A crossword puzzle Find the 8 tools for car repair and maintainance. 1

2

3

4 5

6

7


8

Across 4 This is for beating out dents. 7 This is for twisting cables together. (3 words) 8 This is useful for cleaning away rust. (2 words)

34

Shrnující testy

Down 1 You need it for screws. 2 It tells you if the tyres need air. 3 This is for cutting metal. 5 This is for smoothing metal. 6 You‘ll need this for tightening nuts and bolts of various sizes. (2 words)

Kopír. předloha 10

2 An engine analyser A Swedish driver brings her car to your garage because the engine isn’t running correctly. You are looking for the fault with the engine analyser. Explain what you are doing in English. The words and phrases in the box can help you. reads measures tests samples analyses prints out displays

engine data rpm temperature timing ignition exhaust gases exhaust gases

electronic equipment on-board computer fuel-injection system battery generator

First make notes of what you want to say:


Now tell the customer in English what you are doing.

3 Technical abbreviations What do these abbreviations mean? 1 rpm 2 ABS 3 ppm 4 CO 5 CO2 6 HC

Shrnující testy

35


4 Listen to track 17 on the CD. (Unit 16, exercise 3) a) Are the following sentences true (✓) or false (✗)? Correct the false sentences. 1 2 3 4 5

Power steering fluid makes steering easier. If the power steering fluid gets too low, it makes steering easier. The power steering reservoir and pump are at the back of the engine. The dipstick is mounted under the lid of the power steering reservoir. You should replace the dipstick after you turn on the engine.

b) Listen again and link the verbs (1 – 6) with the terms (A– F) 1 2 3 4 5 6

switch off add turn open take out check

1

2

A B C D E F 3

4

the reservoir cap the dipstick the steering the engine the steering fluid level fluid 5

6

5 An email to an English customer Write an email to an English customer who has just moved to Austria. He wants to know which type of car is better for the mountains and why.


rear wheel drive • front wheel drive • four-wheel drive • all-wheel drive

Dear Mr Clarkson I think a

car is

better because

Best regards

36

Shrnující testy


6 The air conditioning system

Air conditioning removes heat from one area and sends it to another with the help of a fluid called refrigerant. Refrigerant is circulated through an evaporator, or series of coils, located in front of the passenger compartment. A control valve regulates the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator and a sensor measures the temperature. As the refrigerant flows through the evaporator, it boils and absorbs heat from inside the car. From the evaporator, the heated refrigerant moves to the compressor. The compressor compresses the gas under extremely high pressure. This raises the temperature of the refrigerant to more than 118°C. The refrigerant goes to the condenser, where air cools it and returns it to a liquid state. It gives up its heat as it turns back into a liquid. Then it flows to the dryer. This is a tank with a filter that removes any moisture from the liquid. A blower motor forces this cooled air into the car through vents. Read the text and answer these questions. 1 What does air conditioning do?

2 What is the name of the fluid in an air conditioning system?


3 What does a control valve do?

4 What is the temperature of the refrigerant in the compressor?

5 What is the name of the tank with a filter that removes the moisture from the liquid?

6 How does the cooled air get into the car?

Shrnující testy

37


7 Vocabulary review Match the words on the left (1–12) to the words on the right (a–) to make common expressions. 1 2 3 4

empty flat corroded broken

1

2

5 6 7 8

3

6

9 10 11 12

connecting exhaust ignition anti-blocking

9

10

fan belt fuel tank battery spark plugs

E F G H

piston rings emissions cylinder oil sump

I J K L

system coil rod valve

4

overfilled cracked worn harmful

5

A B C D

7

8

11

12

8 Gas welding Answer these questions: 1 What are the names of the two gases used in gas welding?

2 In what ratio are the two gases mixed?

:


3 Name three items of protective clothing you should always wear when welding.

Vyhodnocení testu 1

Vyhodnocení testu 2

Ex. 1:

Ex. 5:

Ex. 1:

Ex. 5:

Ex. 2:

Ex. 6:

Ex. 2:

Ex. 6:

Ex. 3:

Ex. 7:

Ex. 3:

Ex. 7:

Ex. 4:

Ex. 8:

Ex. 4:

Ex. 8:

Celkem:

38

Shrnující testy

Celkem:

Řešení kopírovatelných předloh Pracovní listy Kopír. předloha 1

Understanding job adverts 1B, 2B, 3A, 4C

Kopír. předloha 2

Applying for a job Individuální řešení

Kopír. předloha 3

Your curriculum vitae Individuální řešení

Shrnující testy Kopír. předlohy 4 až 8: Test 1

1 Technical phrases 1B, 2H, 3E, 4G, 5C, 6D, 7F, 8A 2 Vocabulary about cars 1a zpětný světlomet, směrová světla, brzdová světla 1b a) forward 2a vodní pumpa/čerpadlo, pumpa servořízení, benzinové/palivové čerpadlo 2b b) ignition 3a ventil vzduchového sání, výfukový ventil, vstřikovací ventil 3b c) acceleration 4a zkušebna brzd, brzdový kotouč, nádobka brzdové kapaliny 4b a) booster 5a zaklapávací víčko, uzávěr nádržky kapaliny, uzávěr chladiče 5b d) fluid 3 Car parts a 1E, 2D, 3F, 4B, 5G, 6H, 7C, 8A b 1E, 4B, 5G, 6H, 7C 4 The spark plugs A3, B1, C2, D3, E2, F1 5 Listen to track 15 … ✓ 1, 4 ✗ 2, 3, 5 Corrections: 2 The front and rear brakes operate separately. 3 Brake fluid is stored in a master cylinder, which is divided into two sections. 5 The handbrake works on the rear wheels in most cars. 6 A telephone call 1B, 2C, 3E, 4A, 5D

Řešení kopírovatelných předloh

39

7 A fax to the customer Individuální řešení (viz řešení 6) 8 How to change a tyre Individuální řešení Kopír. předlohy 9 až 13: Test 2

1 A crossword Across: 4. hammer, 7. pair of pliers, 8. wire brush Down: 1. screwdriver, 2. tyre pressure gauge, 3. hacksaw, 5. file, 6. socket set 2 An engine analyser Individuální řešení 3 1 2 3

Technical abbreviations revolutions per minute antilock braking system parts per million

4 carbon monoxide 5 carbon dioxide 6 hydrocarbon

4 Listening to track 17 … a) ✓ 1, 4 ✗ 2, 3, 5 Corrections: 2 If the power steering fluid gets too low, the steering becomes difficult. 3 The power steering reservoir and pump are usually at the front of the engine. 5 You should replace the dipstick before you turn on the engine. b) 1D, 2F, 3C, 4A, 5B, 6E 5 An email to an English customer Individuální řešení 6 The air conditioning system 1 Air conditioning removes heat from one place and transports it to another. It is usually used to lower the temperature of a room or passenger compartment. 2 The fluid used in an air conditioning system is called refrigerant. 3 The control valve regulates the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator. This determines how quickly the temperature is lowered. 4 The temperature of the refrigerant in the compressor can be above 118°C. 5 The tank with a filter that removes moisture is called the dryer. 6 A blower motor forces the cooled air the car through vents. 7 Vocabulary review 1B, 2C, 3D, 4A, 5H, 6G, 7E, 8F, 9K, 10L, 11J, 12I 8 1 2 3

40

Gas welding The two gases are oxygen and acetylene. The ratio is 1 : 1. Any 3 items: thick gloves, face shield, face shield with protective sides, safety goggles, leather apron

Řešení kopírovatelných předloh

JOB MATTERS

gastronomy příručka učitele s klíčem

Job Matters Car Mechanics příručka učitele s klíčem

stručné úvody k lekcím

JOB MATTERS

klíč ke všem cvičením přepisy nahrávek kopírovatelné předlohy pracovních listů kopírovatelné předlohy shrnujících testů

ISBN 978-80-7238-795-3 Nakladatelství Fraus Goethova 8, 301 31 Plzeň tel.: 377 226 102 fax: 377 224 594 e-mail: [email protected] www.fraus.cz

JM CarMechanics_PU obalka.indd 1

car mechanics příručka učitele s klíčem

16.7.2008 20:09:34

JOB MATTERS. car mechanics. příručka učitele s klíčem ISBN

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