INTERMEDIATE LEVEL NEWSLETTER 8th October 2010
OUR RECENT NEWS
Language course for ‘Érettségi’ exams In October, Shetland UK Language School is launching two new language courses for secondary school students who are preparing to take their final exam in English language. Special preparation course for intermediate level (középszintű érettségi) final exam: Monday and Wednesday 18.30 – 20.00 and a preparation course for advanced level (emelt szintű érettségi) final exam: Wednesday and Friday 17.30 – 19.00. Call us for details or applications!
German Year at Shetland This academic year will be a promotional year for German and we are happy to offer a reduction of 10% from every single German course tuition fee.
English conversational class If you are at least on intermediate level of English, you’re more than welcome to our new English conversational course! It starts next week, every Tuesday from 17.30. Call us for more information or to apply.
AND NOW, IT’S TIME TO PRACTICE YOUR ENGLISH!
What do you call someone in the White House who is honest, ethical, intellectual, follows the laws, and truthful? A tourist.
The White House For more than 200 years, the White House has been more than just the home of the Presidents and their families. Throughout the world, it is recognized as the symbol of the President, of the President's administration, and of the United States. For two hundred years, the White House has stood as a symbol of the Presidency, the United States government, and the American people. Its history began when President George Washington signed an Act of Congress in December of 1790. President Washington, together with city planner Pierre L’Enfant, chose the site for the new residence, which is now 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. As preparations began for the new federal city, a competition was held to find a builder of the "President’s House." Nine proposals were submitted, and Irish-born architect James Hoban won a gold medal for his practical and handsome design. Construction began when the first cornerstone was laid in October of 1792. Although President Washington oversaw the construction of the house, he never lived in it. It was in 1800, when the White House was nearly completed, that its first residents, President John Adams and his wife, Abigail, moved in. Since that time, each President has made his own changes and additions. The White House is, after all, the President’s private home. It is also open to the public, free of charge. The White House has a unique and fascinating history. It survived a fire at the hands of the British in 1814 and another fire in the West Wing in 1929, while Herbert Hoover was President. At various times in history, the White House has been known as the "President's Palace," the "President's House," and the "Executive Mansion." President Theodore Roosevelt officially gave the White House its current name in 1901 but the earliest evidence of the public calling it the "White House" was recorded in 1811. A myth says that during the rebuilding of the structure after the 1814 fire, white paint was put to cover the burn damage it had suffered, giving the building its name. Presidents can express their individual style in how they decorate some parts of the house and in how they receive the public during their stay. At the moment, there are 132 rooms, 35 bathrooms, and 6 levels in the Residence. With five full-time chefs, the White House kitchen is able to serve dinner to as many as 140 guests and snacks to more than 1,000. For recreation, the White House has a variety of facilities available to its residents, including a tennis court, jogging track, swimming pool, movie theatre, and bowling lane. Apart from the many diplomats and politicians, it receives around 5000 public visitors a day.
VOCABULARY state – állam citizen – állampolgár president – elnök prime minister – miniszterelnök ministry – minisztérium parliament – parlament representative – képviselő government – kormány local government – önkormányzat authority – hatalom policy – irányelv candidate – jelölt campaign – kampány party – párt mayor – polgármester to vote – szavazni election – választás to hold an election – választást tartani legislature – törvényhozás civil – polgári minority – kisebbség majority – többség
GRAMMAR BITS ’In case’ and ’In case of’
In case Az angol „in case” kifejezés magyarra csak úgy fordítható, hogy „arra az esetre számítva, hogy”, illetve „hátha”. Akkor használjuk, ha valamilyen előkészületről beszélünk, amit azért teszünk, mert valami esetleg történni fog. I’ll leave my mobile phone on in case Jane calls. Bekapcsolva hagyom a mobilomat, arra az esetre számítva, hogy Jane felhív. Bekapcsolva hagyom a mobilomat, hátha Jane felhív. I’ll draw you a map in case you have difficulty finding our house. Rajzolok neked egy térképet, hátha problémád akad a házunk megtalálásával. Rajzolok neked egy térképet, arra az esetre, ha nem találnád meg a házunkat.
Talán most felmerül benned, hogy nem lehet az „in case” fordulatot egyszerűen az „if”-fel helyettesíteni? Nos, nem.
Az „in case” azt mondja meg, hogy valaki miért tesz (vagy nem tesz) valamit MOST, hogy egy másik esemény KÉSŐBB meg (ne) történjen. We’ll buy some food in case Tom comes. Veszünk némi élelmiszert, hátha Tom eljön. (arra az esetre számítva, hogy Tom eljön) We’ll buy some food if Tom comes. Veszünk némi élelmiszert, ha Tom eljön. Az „in case”-es mondatban az élelmiszert mindenképpen megvesszük, akár jön Tom, akár nem. Vagyis lehet, hogy Tom nem jön, nekünk pedig megmarad az étel. Az „if”-es mondatban viszont csak akkor veszünk élelmet, ha Tom eljön (vagyis, ha Tom megérkezik, valakinek el kell mennie vásárolni). Ha Tom mégsem jön, nem veszünk élelmet. You should insure your car in case it is stolen. Biztosítanod kellene az autódat, hátha ellopják. You should inform the police if your car is stolen. Értesítened kell a rendőrséget, ha ellopják az autódat.
Az „in case” kifejezés után nem lehet jövő időt használni, hanem marad az egyszerű jelen: I’ll take an umbrella in case it rains. (és nem in case it will rain) Viszek esernyőt, hátha esni fog.
Az „in case” szerkezetnek létezik egy másik alakja, a „just in case” is. Ennek használata és jelentése megegyezik az „in case”-zel, mindössze annyi a különbség, hogy a „just in case” kisebb valószínűséget fejez ki. I think the tickets will cost 1200 forints but I take 2000 just in case. Azt hiszem, a jegyek 1200 forintba fognak kerülni, de 2000-et viszek a biztonság kedvéért.
In case of Az „in case of” kifejezés ezzel szemben közelebb áll az „if” jelentéséhez, bár nem teljesen. Ezt a szerkezetet leginkább az „abban az esetben, ha”, illetve a „esetén” szavakkal lehet magyarul visszaadni. In case of emergency, call the police. Veszély esetén hívd a rendőrséget! In case of having pain, go to hospital immediately. Abban az esetben, ha fájdalmai vannak, azonnal menjen a kórházba!
Az „in case of” szerkezet gyakorlatilag egyenlő jelentésű az „if there is” kifejezéssel: In case of fire, exit from the building by the stairs. Do not attempt to use the lift. If there is a fire, leave the building via the stairs. Don't try to use the lift. Tűz esetén a lépcsőket használva hagyják el az épületet! Ne kíséreljék meg a lift használatát! In cases of difficulty, phone this help line. If you experience any problems, phone this help line. Ha nehézség lépne fel, hívd fel ezt a segélyvonalat!
EXERCISES Write sentences with “in case”. 1. There was a possibility that Jane would call. So I left my mobile phone on. I left .......................................... 2. Mike thought that he might forget the name of the book. So he wrote it down. He wrote down .................................. 3. I thought my parents might be worried about me. So I phoned them. I phoned ................................. 4. I sent an e-mail to Liz, but she didn’t reply. So I sent another e-mail because perhaps she hadn’t received the first one. I sent ...................................... 5. I met some people when I was on holiday in France. They said they might come to London one day. I live in London, so I gave them my address. I gave ...................................
Put in “in case” or “if”. 1. I hope you will come to London some time. ...................... you come, you can stay with us. 2. This letter is for Susan. Can you give it to her ............................ you see her? 3. Write your name and address on your bag ........................... you lose it. 4. Go to the lost property office ................. you lose your bag. 5. The burglar alarm will ring ............................ somebody tries to break into the house. 6. You should lock your bike to something ................. somebody tries to steal it. 7. I was advised to get insurance ....................... I needed medical treatment while I was abroad.
If you have any questions or comments, feel free to write to us at
[email protected] Best regards, Shetland UK Nyelviskola 1192 Budapest, Kábel utca 10. 281-0822, 280-3123, 06-30-952-1202 www.shetland.hu
SEE ANSWERS BELOW
Here are the correct answers for the exercises above: Write sentences with “in case”. 1. I left ... my mobile phone on in case Jenny called. 2. He wrote down ... the name of the book in case he forgot it. 3. I phoned ... my parents in case they were worried. 4. I sent ... another e-mail to Liz in case she hadn’t received the first one 5. I gave ... my address to them in case they come to London one day.
Put in “in case” or “if”. 1. If 2. if 3. in case 4. if 5. if 6. in case 7. in case
