Public Opinion on Legitimacy of UN Sanctions
INDONESIA REPORT (ENGLISH) Local language version after the English version
Indonesian People Look at UN Sanctions with More Critical Eyes and Much Empathy towards the Sanctioned Countries The findings amongst respondents representing Indonesia shows that the anti-sanctions vote will be ahead by 46 %. At the sub-regional, regional and global level, that figure is only lower than Thailand surveyed as the one with the highest anti-sanctions level at the net average figure of minus 52%. Considering its population, Indonesian people’s voice is a major contributor to the figure for East Asia at minus 19%. Delving more deeply into demographic segmental analysis, religious adherence, age and education as well income level as are the stronger contributing factors. Being one of the major Muslim country, people have got some kind of empathy towards fellow Muslims, particularly towards the events in the Middle East. The sanctions against Iran since 2006 have got quite extensive coverage in the Indonesian media (including the internet). This fact must have exerted influences upon Indonesian people’s attitudes with regards to UN Sanctions. Older people seem to be more critical about UN Sanctions. This can be attributed to the general notion that older population segments have observed throughout time the not-so-good effects of the sanctions on the people of countries being penalized by the UN. Older people tend to have better understanding on not-so-clear definitions of factors leading to UN Sanctions that make them less assured on the justification behind such UN decisions. Quite interestingly, it is people with middle level of education attainment that showed higher rejection towards UN Sanctions. This can be explained that limited competence to analyze the news in more detail has led to be more judgmental rather than applying more considerations on the matter. Being more empathetic, female segments rejected the sanctions more strongly than male section the population. 1
This analysis reveals that many more that must be done by the UN Secretary General to increase the legitimacy level of UN Sanctions amongst Indonesian people. Since the majority of Indonesian people are still inclined towards being in social affiliations, the message might touch upon ensuring that certain UN Sanctions are applied on the basis establishing globally accepted rules in all fairness to uphold justice to all parties. The message can be enhanced by proving that the country being sanctioned has perpetrated universal international accords. The strong and clear messages should be broadcast as wide as possible through best suitable media.
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INDONESIA REPORT (BAHASA) Orang Indonesia melihat sanksi PBB dengan lebih kritis & banyak empati terhadap Negara yang terkena sanksi Temuan di antara responden yang mewakili Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa yang memilih antisanksi lebih dari 46%. Pada tingkat sub-regional, regional dan global, angka itu hanya lebih rendah dari Thailand yang di survei sebagai salah satu yang tertinggi dalam level anti-sanksi pada angka bersih rata-rata minus 52%. Mengingat populasinya, suara orang Indonesia akan menjadi kontributor utama untuk asia timur di angka minus 19%. Menggali lebih dalam ke dalam analisis segmen demografi, kepatuhan agama, usia dan pendidikan serta tingkat pendapatan adalah faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi kuat. Sebagai salah satu negara Muslim terbesar, banyak masyarakat Indonesia bersikap empati terhadap sesama Muslim, terutama terhadap peristiwa di Timur Tengah. Sanksi terhadap Iran sejak tahun 2006 telah mendapat perhatian luas di media Indonesia (termasuk internet). Fakta ini memberikan pengaruh terhadap sikap masyarakat Indonesia terhadap Sanksi PBB. Sekmen penduduk berusia lebih tua tampaknya lebih kritis terhadap Sanksi PBB. Hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan persepsi bahwa segmen masyarakat berusia lebih tua telah banyak mengamati efek yang tidak terlalu baik dari sanksi pada masyarakat di negara-negara yang dikenakan sanksi oleh PBB. Kelompok masyarakat ini cenderung memiliki pemahaman yang lebih baik terhadap factor - faktor di belakang Sanksi PBB, yang membuat mereka kurang percaya terhadap alasan dibalik keputusan PBB tersebut. Yang menarik, masyarakat yang menunjukkan tingkat penolakan cukup tinggi terhadap saksi PBB justru datang dari masyarakat dengan tingkat pendidikan menengah. Hal ini dapat dijelaskan bahwa kompetensi terbatas dalam menganalisa berita secara detil telah menyebabkan mereka lebih menghakimi daripada membuat banyak pertimbangan tentang masalah tersebut. Sebagai manusia yang lebih berempati, segmen perempuan menolak sanksi lebih kuat daripada segmen laki-laki dalam populasi. Analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak lagi yang harus dilakukan oleh Sekretaris Jenderal PBB untuk meningkatkan tingkat legitimasi Sanksi PBB diantara orang-orang Indonesia. Sebagian besar masyarakat Indonesia cenderung untuk mengutamakan hubungan kemanusiaan, oleh karena itu pesan/komunikasi yang bisa diterima oleh masyarakat Indonesia adalah yang dapat menjamin bahwa sanksi PBB diterapkan atas dasar peraturan yang ditetapkan secara global untuk menegakkan keadilan bagi semua pihak. Pesan/komunikasi ini dapat ditingkatkan dengan membuktikan bahwa negara yang dikenai sanksi telah melanggar kesepakatan internasional yang universal. Pesan/komunikasi yang kuat dan jelas harus disiarkan seluas-luasnya melalui media yang paling cocok. 3
COUNTRY-WISE (RANK ORDER RESULTS-HIGH TO LOW) GLOBAL PUBLIC OPINION ON LEGITIMACY OF INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS (June 2015)
Rank Order Results (High to Low)
Q19. Sometimes the United Nations (UN) imposes sanctions or punishments against a country by banning other countries to trade with certain individuals, groups or businesses in that country. For each of the following, do you strongly support, support, oppose or strongly oppose such punishment by the United Nations if a country? Average of Net Averages of 6 Type of Sanction Global average 11 Armenia
89
Korea, Rep (South)
77
Finland
68
Austria
66
Vietnam
64
Portugal
60
Lebanon
59
Italy
53
Ukraine
53
Germany
51
Netherlands
51
Latvia
48
Iceland
48
Australia
48
Sweden
47
Fiji
45
Canada
45
Czech Republic
44
Switzerland
43
Ireland
42
Bulgaria
41
India
40
Kenya
39
Turkey
39
Nigeria
39
United Kingdom
39
Spain
38
4
United States
35
Bangladesh
34
Kazakhstan
31
Mexico
30
Belgium
30
Ecuador
29
Greece
27
Japan
26
Poland
26
Afghanistan
26
Bosnia and Herzegovina
25
Pakistan
25
Brazil
24
Algeria
24
Russian Federation
23
France
21
Peru
21
Hong Kong
20
Romania
17
Malaysia
14
Kosovo
9
Georgia
8
Macedonia
0
South Africa
-3
Serbia
-5
Palestinian territories (West Bank and Gaza)
-11
Philippines
-12
Colombia
-15
Argentina
-16
Panama
-16
Morocco
-25
China
-39
Indonesia Thailand
-46 -52
Weighted according to total national population of each country in the sample SOURCE: WIN Gallup International Annual Global Poll/ EOY, December 2014
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NATIONAL SPOKESPERSON (INDONESIA): Irma Malibari Email:
[email protected]
METHODOLOGY: Country INDONESIA
Firm Deka
Email
[email protected]
Methodology
Sample
Coverage
Population
Pop.represent ed by sample
Face to Face
500
Urban
240,574,650
157,945,918
Field Dates October 15thNovember 5th, 2014
Age Brackets 18+
Weighting factors No
Please Note: In case of any unintended error, misrepresentation or omissions please write to Maham Saleem (
[email protected]) and CC to Natacha Vanasse (
[email protected]).
Disclaimer: Gallup International Association or its members are not related to Gallup Inc., headquartered in Washington D.C which is no longer a member of Gallup International Association. Gallup International Association does not accept responsibility for opinion polling other than its own. We require that our surveys be credited fully as Gallup International (not Gallup or Gallup Poll).For further details see website: www.Gallup-international.com In no event shall WIN Gallup International Association, its Member Companies, or its agents or officers be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of profits, business interruption) arising out of the use of or inability to use the materials. As a user of this report, you acknowledge and agre e that any reliance upon, or use of any information made available through this report shall be entirely at your own risk. Subject to any implied terms which cannot be excluded by law,WIN Gallup International Association and its related entities (including any directors, officers, employees and agents) shall not be liable for any loss or damage, whether direct or indirect, and however caused, to any person arising from the use of (or reliance upon) information provided on and made available through this report.
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