Halo Vale. Energi Terbarukan: Tren Pertambangan Dunia

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INTERNAL MAGAZINE PT VALE INDONESIA Tbk JUNI 2014

Halo Vale

Energi Terbarukan: Tren Pertambangan Dunia Antena Merah Pembaca Cuaca Otomatis Persaingan Sehat Para Penerima Beasiswa Komunitas Nursery untuk Luwu Timur

DA RI K AMI

FROM US

Pembaca yang budiman,

Dear readers,

Dalam industri pertambangan, bahan bakar merupakan komponen yang lumayan menyita anggaran. Diperkirakan komponen ini memakan 20-30% dari biaya produksi dengan nilai hingga puluhan juta dollar AS. Celakanya, harganya senantiasa naik dari tahun ke tahun.

In the mining industry, fuel is a large cost component in the budget. It can take up 20-30% of total production cost and amount to tens of millions of dollars. Unfortunately, its prices tend to steadily increase year after year.

Sebagai gambaran, konsumsi HSD (high speed diesel) PT Vale tahun 2009 mencapai 60 juta liter, dengan harga 0,56 dollar AS per barel. Nilainya setara 34% dari total biaya produksi tahun tersebut. Periode sebelumnya, 2008, konsumsi mencapai 140 juta liter dengan harga 0,90 dollar AS per barel atau setara 38% biaya produksi.

PT Vale’s consumption of high speed diesel (HSD) in 2009 was 60 million liters priced at $0.56 per barrel. This was equivalent to 34% of total production cost that year. For the same period the previous year, 2008, consumption reached 140 million liters at $0.90 per barrel and equivalent to 38% of production cost. Then there is high sulfur fuel oil (HSFO). In 2009, PT Vale’s HSFO consumption cost reached $70.9 million; in 2010 it was $95 million or 78% of fuel cost.

Belum lagi bakar HSFO (high sulfur fuel oil). Biaya konsumsi HSFO PT Vale pada 2009 mencapai 70,9 juta dollar AS. Tahun 2010 melonjak hingga 95 juta dollar AS atau 78% dari biaya bahan bakar. Melihat fakta tersebut, kini banyak perusahaan pertambangan memikirkan sumber energi alternatif terbarukan. Cina adalah negara yang paling getol membangun instalasi energi terbarukan. Bahkan pemanfaatan energi terbarukan menjadi kebijakan ekonomi. Hingga 2011, negeri ini telah memiliki 75 gigawatt listrik yang bersumber dari kincir angin. Targetnya 200 gigawatt pada 2020. Uni Eropa hingga kini bahkan baru mampu memiliki 90 gigawatt listrik dari sumber yang sama.

These facts and figures have encouraged many mining companies to think of harnessing alternative energy sources. China is a country that is now leading the way in developing renewable energy installations – in fact, harnessing renewable energy has become the state’s economic policy. By 2011, the country had 75 gigawatts of electricity harnessed from wind turbine technology. It aims to have 200 gigawatts by 2020. The European Union currently has just 90 gigawatts harnessed from the same energy source.

Pemanfaatan energi terbarukan dalam industri tambang kiranya akan terus berkembang. Kendati demikian, dibutuhkan biaya besar untuk membangun instalasinya. Karena itulah, Indonesia, misalnya, meski memiliki potensi tenaga air sebesar 450 megawatt—setara 5% dari total energi terbarukan— pembangunan PLTA masih dianggap kurang ekonomis. Padahal, menurut sejumlah ahli, cadangan minyak kita tinggal 3,7 miliar barrel dan diperkirakan habis 11 tahun lagi.

The harnessing of renewable energy by the mining industry is likely to continue. However, there are immense costs associated with building new installations. This is why Indonesia, for example, considers the development of hydroelectric power stations as economically unviable despite having 450 megawatts of potential hydropower (constituting 5% of total renewable energy) and despite experts’ estimation that we have only 3.7 billion barrels of oil reserves left, which will be depleted in 11 years’ time.

Laporan utama Halo Vale kali ini mengangkat tema pemanfaatan energi terbarukan dalam industri pertambangan dunia. Apa saja manfaat dan mudaratnya? Bagaimana pula kebijakan Vale sebagai perusahaan mineral kelas dunia? Perusahaan mana saja yang telah melakukannya?

Halo Vale’s main report looks at the harnessing of renewable energy sources by the mining industry. What are its benefits and disadvantages? What is Vale’s policy on this as a global mining company? Which companies are already using renewable energy?

Dalam rubrik “Kinerja” kami sajikan bagaimana Tim Process Plant Maintenance mampu menghemat waktu dan tenaga dengan melakukan tiga inovasi penting. Juga inovasi yang dilakukan Tim Improvement Surge Bin Gate serta Tim Improvement Apron Feeder. Kampanye berhemat dengan berinovasi selama ini telah membuahkan hasil.

In the “Performance” column, we demonstrate how the Process Plant Maintenance Team has made three important time and energy-saving innovations. The Surge Bin Gate Improvement Team and the Apron Feeder Improvement Team have also made innovations. These actions show that the campaign to save through innovation is producing results.

Dalam rubrik-rubrik lain, Anda, Pembaca, bisa menyimak serba-informasi yang kiranya tak kalah menarik. Kami senantiasa berupaya sajian Halo Vale bermanfaat buat Anda sebagai karyawan mapun sebagai manusia pembelajar.

Other columns in this edition contain information that you will find no less interesting. We sincerely hope that Halo Vale is beneficial to you, whether you are an employee or whether you consider yourself a learning being.

Selamat membaca.

Enjoy.

Pelindung/Patron: Board of Directors PT Vale Indonesia Tbk, Penasihat/Advisor: Basrie Kamba (Director of Communications & External Affairs), Penanggung jawab/Editors in Chief: Teuku Mufizar Mahmud (GM Communications) Redaksi Pelaksana/ Managing Editor: Sihanto B. Bela, Redaksi/ Editors: Nala Dipa Alamsyah, Nuki Adiati, Maman Ashari, Fotografer/Photographer: Doni Setiadi, Desain & Tata Letak/Design & Layout: Rohman Hidayat Yuliawan, Alamat Redaksi/Address: Jl. Ternate No. 44 Sorowako, Kabupaten Luwu Timur, Sulawesi Selatan, Telp. 021-5249100, Ext. 9628 & 3656, Fax. 021-5289587. Redaksi Halo Vale menerima sumbangan naskah dari pembaca. Naskah ditulis dengan bahasa yang mudah dimengerti dan populer. Panjang naskah maksimal satu setengah halaman kuarto, spasi satu setengah. Sertakan foto atau ilustrasi baik gambar maupun grafik jika diperlukan. Saran dan naskah dikirimkan ke alamat email editor: [email protected] dan [email protected]. Readers are welcome to contribute articles for publication in Halo Vale. Articles should be written in prose that is easy to understand, with a line-space of 1.5 and a maximum length of 1.5 A4 pages. Include photos or illustrations, drawings or graphs, if necessary. Please send suggestions and articles to the editor at [email protected] and [email protected]. Anda dapat mengunduh Halo Vale versi digital (PDF) di vale.com/indonesia pada bagian Pers/Publikasi. Digital version of Halo Vale can be downloaded from vale.com/indonesia on Press/Publication section.

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Ha l o Va l e I Ed isi Jun i 2014

DAFTAR ISI / TABL E O F CONTENT

Cover

Dalam 10 tahun terakhir, terjadi tren peralihan energi fosil ke energi terbarukan dalam industri pertambangan. Investasi ratusan juta dollar AS digelontorkan. Vale melakukan hal serupa.

In the last 10 years, the trend among mining companies has been to switch from using fossil fuel to renewable energy. Hundreds of millions of dollars have been invested. Vale has done something similar.

Cover Design: Rohman Yuliawan

SURAT PEMBACA READERS’ LETTERS LAPORAN UTAMA I COVER STORY Energi Terbarukan: Tren Industri Pertambangan Dunia Renewable Energy: Trending in the Global Mining Industry Mereka Melirik Energi Non-fosil Looking to Non-Fossil Energy Energi Hijau dalam Produksi Vale Green Energy in Vale’s Production Dari Brazil hingga Mozambik From Brazil to Mozambique Sulawesi Selatan Kaya Sumber Energi Alternatif South Sulawesi: Rich in Alternative Energy Sources KINERJA I PERFORMANCE PT Vale Sempurnakan Sistem Waspada Banjir PT Vale’s Improves Its Flood Warning System Mengulik Komponen Furnace Agar Lebih Fleksibel Studying Furnace Components to Create Flexibility Dari Jaket Isolator hingga Spacer di Pan Track Dryer From Isolator Jacket to Spacers in Pan Track Dryer Antena Merah, Pembaca Cuaca Otomatis The Red Antenna, an Automatic Weather Reader

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INTERAKSI I INTERACTION Persaingan Sehat Para Penerima 46 Beasiswa Komunitas Healthy Competition among 48 Community Scholarship Recipients Anak Ceria, Kebanggaan Orangtua 50 Happy Children: the Pride and Joy 52 of Parents ATMOSFER I ATMOSPHERE Nursery untuk Luwu Timur 54 Nursery for Luwu Timur 56 PROFIL I PROFILE Amriani: Mengolah Data Sampel Eksplorasi Amriani: Processing Data from Exploration Samples

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KOMUNITAS I COMMUNITIES ETC: Bersenang-senang 62 Mengayunkan Raket ETC: Happily Swinging their Rackets 64

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SEHAT SELAMAT I HEALTHY SAFETY Jangan Anggap Remeh Cacar Air 66 Do Not Underestimate Chickenpox 68

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Ed i si J uni 2014 I H alo Val e

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SURAT PEMB ACA / READE RS’ LET TERS

PORSI ARTIKEL KESEHATAN LEBIH INTENS Dear Halo Vale, Saya sangat tertarik dengan berita-berita kesehatan. Namun saya melihat belakang ini Halo Vale kurang intens mengulas isu tersebut, khususnya profil suatu penyakit, ciri, dan bagaimana pencegahannya. Selama ini, saya cuma bisa menemukan dan membaca artikel dengan topik tersebut di intranet atau rumah sakit yang aksesnya terbatas. Padahal kalau Halo Vale mengulas topik suatu penyakit, tentu bisa dibaca keluarga saya yang ada di rumah. S u ki r man L au [MEM Petea ]

MORE HEALTH ARTICLES Dear Halo Vale, I am very interested in health-related articles but I have noticed lately that Halo Vale’s health topics have not been covered exhaustively, particularly in discussing the profile, characteristics and prevention of a disease. Presently, the only way I can find information and read articles on such topics are through the intranet or from the hospital, to which I have limited access. If Halo Vale provided more coverage on various diseases, all the members of my family could read about them at home. S u ki r m a n L a u [M E M Pe te a ]

Di setiap edisi Halo Vale, isu-isu kesehatan kami ulas di rubrik ”Sehat Selamat”. Seperti di edisi 8 (April-2014) kami membahas topik kebaikan mengonsumsi ikan untuk jantung sehat. Sedangkan di edisi 6 tentang serba-serbi penyakit diabetes. Namun, konten rubrik tersebut juga kami variasikan dengan artikel keselamatan secara bergantian di setiap edisinya agar pembaca tidak merasa bosan. Seperti di edisi 6 (November-2013) contohnya, kami mengulas tentang berkendara aman.

Health issues in Halo Vale can be found in our “Safe Health” column. In our eighth edition (April-2104), for example, we discussed the benefits of consuming fish for a healthier heart. In Edition 6, we discussed aspects of diabetes. We alternate the column’s topics between health and safety issues so readers are less likely to become bored.

VERSI DIGITAL Dear Halo Vale, Saran saya versi digital Halo Vale (format PDF) sebaiknya disimpan di server Vale dan dibuatkan link di Intranet agar bisa diakses dari PC/ laptop karyawan. Sebab, versi cetaknya, biasanya saya bawa pulang agar keluarga saya di rumah dapat membacanya. Salam dan terima kasih. Zulfik ar [ETDS & Central Engineering Depar tment] Digitalisasi Halo Vale (versi PDF) sebenarnya sudah kami lakukan sejak pertengahan tahun lalu. Setiap edisi terbaru rilis maupun edisi-edisi sebelumnya, pembaca dapat mengakses dan mengunduhnya melalui www.vale.com/indonesia. File PDF Halo Vale dapat ditemukan dengan cara mengklik section “Press” dilanjutkan masuk ke subsection “Publications”. Ukuran file juga moderat (10-18Mb) dengan kualitas baik dan nyaman untuk Anda baca di PC/laptop. LIPUTAN BERSERI AKTIVITAS DEPARTEMEN Saya saran konten Halo Vale kelak bisa lebih banyak meliput dan mengangkat topik yang dekat dengan keseharian karyawan. Bentuknya bisa berupa liputan bersambung tentang aktivitas tiap departemen/section di PT Vale. Saya yakin karyawan akan senang membaca hal-hal yg dekat dengan pekerjaan mereka, apalagi kalau foto mereka bisa masuk ke Halo Vale. Salam. Yunita Rachmuddin [ETDS & Central Engineering Depar tment] Terima kasih masukannya. Topik-topik yang dekat dengan realitas karyawan PT Vale memang kami prioritaskan di setiap edisi Halo Vale, khususnya di “Laporan Utama”. Kami pernah mengulas seperti topik ini, seperti di edisi 2 (Agustus 2012) tentang hobi karyawan dan kontraktor PT Vale atau edisi 5 (September 2013) tentang kiat dan persiapan menghadapi pensiun bagi karyawan. Kalau pun topik tersebut tidak terakomodasi di rubrik Laporan Utama, kami menyajikannya di rubrik “Interaksi” atau “Profil”. Kami juga dengan senang hati bila menerima informasi aktivitas-aktivitas menarik para pekerja PT Vale. Silakan informasikan ke meja redaksi. Salam.

DIGITAL VERSION Dear Halo Vale, I would like to suggest that digital versions of Halo Vale (in PDF format) be kept in Vale’s server and linked to the intranet so they are accessible from employees’ PCs/ laptops. I usually take home the printed version for my family to read. Thank you and best regards. Zulfik ar [ETDS & Central Engineering Depar tment] We started providing digital (PDF) versions of Halo Vale from the middle of last year. Each new edition, as well as older ones, can be accessed and downloaded from www. vale.com/indonesia. The PDF files of Halo Vale can be found by clicking on the “Press” section followed by the “Publications” sub-section. The files are moderately sized (1018 Mb) and have good quality text that is easy to read on PCs/ laptops.

SERIALIZED COVERAGE OF DEPARTMENTAL ACTIVITIES I would like to suggest that Halo Vale increase its coverage of topics related to the daily lives of employees. This could be in the form of a sequence of articles on the activities of each department/ section at PT Vale. I’m sure employees will be happy to read about issues closely related to their work, particularly if their photos feature in the magazine. Best regards. Yunita Rachmuddin [ETDS & Central Engineering Depar tment] Thank you for your input. We do in fact prioritize topics that are close to employees’ daily lives, particularly in our “Main Report” – we featured the hobbies of PT Vale’s employees and contractors in Edition 2 (August 2012) and offered tips on and preparations for retirement in Edition 5 (September 2013). If such topics cannot be accommodated in the “Main Report”, we place them in the “Interactions” or “Profile” columns. We would be happy to receive any information on the interesting activities of employees. Best wishes. Kirimkan kritik, saran, dan tanggapan Anda tentang Halo Vale ke internal. [email protected] atau kirimkan surat ke DP 23B. Surat yang dimuat akan mendapatkan suvenir menarik. Pengirim surat pembaca yang dimuat, silahkan mengambil suvenir di Communications & External Affairs Department pada hari dan jam kerja. Send your opinion, comment and feedback about Halo Vale to [email protected] or letters to DP 23B. For each letter published will receive a souvenir. For letter senders, kindly pick up your souvenir at Communications & External Affairs Department during the days and working hour.

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Energi Terbarukan:

Tren Industri Pertambangan Dunia Industri pertambangan dunia ramai-ramai memanfaatkan energi terbarukan. Investasi ratusan juta dollar AS digelontorkan.

Pekerja PT Vale dengan latar belakang kanal PLTA Larona. Pembangkit listrik yang mulai dioperasikan pada 1979 silam ini adalah bagian dari strategi perusahaan dalam memanfaatkan energi terbarukan sekaligus menghemat biaya produksi.


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Empat unit kincir angin raksasa menjulang tinggi di Lac de Gras, barat laut Kanada. Instalasi itu dibangun perusahaan tambang berlian Diavik, anak perusahaan Rio Tinto, tahun 2003 untuk menekan biaya produksi. Menambang di daerah subartik, dengan suhu minus 40 derajat Celcius selama 10 bulan setiap tahunnya, bukan perkara mudah. Dengan medan seperti itu, 100 kendaraan tambang Diavik butuh bahan bakar ekstra. Memang, kincir angin tersebut bukan untuk menggantikan kebutuhan bahan bakar kendaraan berat, melainkan buat pabrik pengolahan. Tahun pertama kincir angin beroperasi, 2013, Diavik mampu menghemat bahan bakar solar pabrik pengolahan hingga 4 juta liter atau 10% dari kebutuhan bahan bakar solar. Termasuk 8,5% kebutuhan listrik untuk fasilitas pendukung operasional seperti perkantoran dan jalan raya.

Kilang gas bumi (LNG) Tangguh di Teluk Bintuni, Papua Barat, menampung cadangan gas sekitar 14,4 triliun kaki kubik dari enam lokasi pengeboran gas alam. Indonesia memiliki total cadangan LNG sebesar 103 triliun kaki kubik (3% cadangan dunia). Potensi yang telah dimanfaatkan baru sebesar 28%.

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”Selama ini kami terlalu mengandalkan solar. Ternyata keputusan itu kurang menguntungkan. Keberadaan kincir angin ini mampu mengurangi biaya produksi, sekaligus mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca sebesar 6% per tahun atau sebanyak 12 ribu ton,” ujar COO Diavik Diamond Mine, Alasdair Martin. Vale melakukan hal serupa. Perusahaan ini membangun kincir angin berkapasitas 140 megawatt di Rio Grande do Norte, timur laut Brasil. Vale bermitra dengan Pacific Hydro, perusahaan pengembang energi terbarukan asal Australia. Biaya investasinya mencapai 310 juta dollar AS atau sekitar Rp3,5 triliun . Catatan Navigant Research, lembaga riset energi di Amerika Serikat, dalam 10 tahun terakhir, terjadi tren peralihan energi fosil ke energi terbarukan dalam industri pertambangan. Menurut Direktur Navigant Research, Kerry Ann Adamson, sejumlah faktor menjadi pemicunya. Pertama, semakin modern peralatan pertambangan, semakin besar energi yang

L AP O R A N UTAMA

“Bagi perusahaan pertambangan, isu lingkungan dan menekan biaya energi adalah isu utama saat ini. Hal itu berpengaruh pada posisi mereka di pasar dunia. Situasi ini hanya bisa diatasi dengan memanfaatkan energi terbarukan,” Kerry menegaskan. Menurut Frost & Sullivan, lembaga riset ekonomi di San Antonio, Amerika Serikat, otomasi peralatan pertambangan memang ibarat pisau bermata dua. Satu sisi, mempermudah operasional dan meningkatkan kinerja pabrik. Di sisi lain, dibutuhkan anggaran tambahan. Otomasi membutuhkan sumber energi-terutama energi fosil-yang tidak kecil. Juga belanja upgrade atau penggantian alat. Di Rusia dan Eropa, tren otomasi itu dijadikan pemicu untuk mengonversi bahan bakar fosil menjadi energi terbarukan. Muncul pula fenomena penggantian komponen pabrik/operation yang lebih irit bahan bakar.

Frost & Sullivan menyebutkan, kini banyak industri pertambangan di benua tersebut mengganti komponen elektrik motor dan electric drives-nya dengan spesifikasi irit energi. Tercatat, alat-alat modern tersebut rata-rata mampu menekan konsumsi energi sebesar 20-25%. “Dari fenomena itu, tahun 2012, perputaran uang dari pembelian komponen industri pertambangan yang lebih irit energi menembus angka 221,3 juta dollar AS. Sedangkan pada 2017, angka tersebut bakal naik menjadi 272,6 juta dollar AS,” ujar Maryna Osipova, analis Automation & Process Control Research Industrial Frost & Sullivan.

Investasi Melejit Belanja alat produksi irit energi itu otomatis mempengaruhi membengkaknya investasi energi terbarukan. Prediksi Navigant Research, angkanya bakal menembus 8,4 miliar dollar AS pada 2016 dan melejit menjadi 20 miliar dollar AS empat tahun kemudian, 2020. Hal itu juga mempengaruhi nilai kapitalisasi perusahaan pertambangan di dunia dalam memanfaatkan energi terbarukan, yakni naik sebesar 26% dalam lima tahun ke depan, 2014-2019. Dalam investasi pembangunan instalasi energi terbarukan ini, kawasan Asia diprediksi menjadi juara dengan total nilai 9,4 miliar dollar AS pada 2020. Sementara Benua Amerika

energitoday.com

dibutuhkan. Kedua, harga bahan bakar industri-khususnya solar—senantiasa naik setiap periode. Ketiga, isu lingkungan kerap melanda perusahaan pertambangan.


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menembus 4,6 miliar dollar AS pada periode yang sama. Dari angka itu, total daya yang dihasilkan dari pemanfaatan energi terbarukan mencapai 505 megawatt di Asia. Sementara di seluruh dunia mencapai 1.438 megawatt. Dalam periode yang sama, 2020, analis Fierce Energy, Barbara Vergetis Lundin, menyebutkan, energi terbarukan mampu menyuplai tenaga untuk produksi industri pertambangan sebesar 5-8%. Sebagian besar mengandalkan tenaga angin, disusul tenaga air dan surya. Angka 505 megawatt tersebut sebenarnya tidak begitu menggembirakan, mengingat mesin-mesin pabrik industri pertambangan masih menggunakan solar demi memperoleh daya sebesar 493 megawatt. Cina disebut-sebut sebagai negara di Asia yang paling getol membangun instalasi energi terbarukan. Bahkan pemerintahnya memutuskan untuk memanfaatkan energi terbarukan sebagai agenda kebijakan ekonomi dan bisnis yang utama. Hingga 2014, Cina telah memiliki 75 gigawatt listrik yang bersumber dari kincir angin dengan nilai investasi mencapai 430 miliar dollar AS. Targetnya 200 gigawatt pada 2020. Uni Eropa hingga saat ini baru mampu memiliki 90 gigawatt listrik dari sumber yang sama. ”Tujuh tahun lalu, kami hanya mampu membuat satu turbin angin dalam dua hari. Tapi kini, kami mampu mendirikan dua turbin angin dalam sehari,” ujar Jiang Bo, engineer manufaktur kincir angin Goldwind, mendeskripsikan agresifnya Cina dalam memanfaatkan energi terbarukan.

PLTA Balambano yang dioperasikan PT Vale mampu memasok daya listrik rata-rata 110 MW.

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Tantangan Menurut Dan Armstrong dalam tulisannya di T Magazine, “Higher Oil Prices Spur Production of Renewable Energy Sources”, fenomena pemanfaatan energi terbarukan bakal terus berkembang. Apalagi regulasi pemerintah-khususnya di beberapa negara maju-disertai insentif. Di Eropa dan Amerika, misalnya, setidaknya ada 60 negara memberikan insentif bagi sektor swasta yang memanfaatkan energi terbarukan dalam proses produksi dan operasionalnya. Namun konversi energi konvensional menjadi non-fosil bukanlah pekerjaan mudah. Besarnya investasi pembangunan instalasi dan pemetaan sumber energi terbarukan menjadi tantangan yang dihadapi sektor swasta. “Misalnya di Amerika Serikat. Membangun PLTA dianggap paling mampu menghasilkan energi besar dengan nilai investasi lebih realistis, namun tidak banyak sumber aliran sungai yang bisa dimanfaatkan,” ujar Robert L. Bradley Jr dalam bukunya Oil, Gas, and Government: The U.S. Experience. Alhasil, hingga saat ini Amerika Serikat hanya mampu menghasilkan listrik sebesar 79 gigawatt dari PLTA. Sebesar 80% bersumber dari air terjun, dan dari total daya tersebut, hanya mampu memasok 9% kebutuhan energi listrik. Di Indonesia, meski memiliki potensi tenaga air sebesar 450 gigawatt—5% dari total energi terbarukan—biaya pembangunan PLTA dianggap tidak kompetitif dan kurang ekonomis dibandingkan energi fosil. []

COVER STORY

Renewable Energy:

Trending in the Global Mining Industry The world’s mining industries are all heading towards renewable energy use. Hundreds of millions of dollars have been invested. Four gigantic wind turbines rise above Lac de Gras, in Canada’s northwest. They were installed in 2003 by diamond mining company Diavik, a subsidiary of Rio Tinto, to reduce production costs. Mining in the subarctic, with temperatures reaching minus 40 degrees Celsius for 10 months a year is not an easy feat. For terrains like this, Diavik’s 100 mine vehicles need extra fuel.

“We have been relying too heavily on diesel, and this is not beneficial. The wind farm has reduced production costs while cutting back on greenhouse gas emissions by 6% a year, or 12,000 tons,” said Diavik Diamond Mine COO, Alasdair Martin.

“Bagi perusahaan per-Vale has done something similar. The company installed a 140 megawatt-capacity wind farm in Rio Grande do Norte, tambangan, Of course, the wind farm is not there to provideisu fuel for lingkuthe in Brazil’s northeast. Partnering with Australian renewable company’s heavy vehicles; it is intended for its processing energy company Pacific Hydro, the investment came to plant. In the firstngan year, 2013, the wind turbines reduced the $310 million. dan menekan biaplant’s diesel fuel consumption by up to 4 million liters, or 10% of its dieselya needs.energi This included 8.5% for generating isu adalah electricity required by support facilities such as offices and roads. utama saat ini. Hal itu berpengaruh pada posisi mereka di pasar dunia. Situasi ini hanya bisa diatasi dengan memanfaatkan energi terbarukan,” (Kerry Ann Adamson, Direktur Navigant Research)

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American energy research agency Navigant Research recorded that in the last 10 years, the trend among mining companies has been to switch from using fossil fuel to renewable energy. Navigant Research Director Kerry Ann Adamson said there were several reasons for this. Firstly, as mining equipment becomes more modern, the energy it consumes increases. Secondly, the price of industrial fuel – particularly diesel – rises every period. Thirdly, mining companies are often subject to environmental issues. “For miners, the environment and keeping energy costs low are today’s priorities. These affect their position on the global market. The situation can only be resolved using renewable energy,” Kerry said. According to economic research agency Frost & Sullivan in San Antonio (USA), the automation of mining equipment is a double-edged sword. On one side, it eases operations and increases factory performance. On the other, it requires a bigger budget. Automation requires large amounts of energy – mostly sourced from fossil fuels – as well as upgrades or replacement works on equipment. In Russia and

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COVER STORY

Europe, automation has triggered efforts to replace energy from fossil fuels with energy harnessed from renewable sources. There have also been efforts to replace energy-consuming factory/ operation components with those that are more energy efficient. According to Frost & Sullivan, many miners on that continent have swapped the electrical motors and drives of their components with energy-saving ones. This modernization of equipment has managed to reduce energy consumption by 20-25%. “From this phenomenon alone, the money circulating in 2012 from the purchase of energy-saving mining components has exceeded $221.3 million. In 2017, this figure can be expected to reach $272.6 million,” said Maryna Osipova, an Industrial Automation and Process Control Research analyst at Frost & Sullivan.

Soaring Investments The purchase of energy-saving production equipment has led to a rise in renewable energy investments. Navigant Research predicts that this will exceed $8.4 billion in 2016 and soar to $20 billion four years later, by 2020. These investments will also affect the capitalization of global mining companies in renewable energies, which will increase by 26% in the next five years, 2014-2019. In terms of investments in renewable energy development, Asia is predicted to lead with a total of $9.4 billion in 2020. The American continent will reach $4.6 billion in the same period. From these investments, a total of 505 megawatts of power in Asia, and 1,438 megawatts throughout the world will come from renewable energy. In the same period until 2020, according to Fierce Energy analyst Barbara Vergetis Lundin, renewable sources will provide 5-8% of energy required by the mining industry for production. Most of this will be harnessed from wind energy, followed by hydro and solar power. The 505 megawatts of power mentioned above is actually not too pleasing as mining equipment uses diesel fuel for producing 493 megawatts of energy. China is said to be the leading country in Asia in developing renewable energy. In fact, its government has included the

use of renewable energy in its main economic and business policies. As of 2014, China produced 75 gigawatts of wind turbine-generated power as a result of up to $430 billion in investment. It has a target of producing 200 gigawatts by 2020. The European Union currently produces just 90 gigawatts of power from renewable sources. “Seven years ago, we were able to make just one wind turbine every two days. Now, we can install two wind turbines a day,” said Jiang Bo, an engineer at wind turbine manufacturer Goldwind, describing China’s aggressive efforts in renewable energy use.

Challenges According to Dan Armstrong, who wrote the article “Higher Oil Prices Spur Production of Renewable Energy Sources” in T Magazine, the trend of harnessing renewable energy will continue to grow, particularly if government regulations – as evident in some developed countries – are accompanied by incentives. At least 60 countries throughout Europe and America, for instance, provide incentives for those in the private sector who use renewable energy in their production and operational processes. Making the change from conventional to non-fossil fuel energy, however, is not easy. The biggest challenge for the private sector is the great amount of investment required to map out and develop renewable energy installations. “Take the US, for example. It is considered that a hydroelectric power generator produces the most energy using the most realistic level of investment, but there are not many rivers that can be utilized,” said Robert L. Bradley Jr in his book Oil, Gas, and Government: The U.S. Experience. Consequently, the US has only been able to produce 79 gigawatts of hydroelectric power, of which 80% comes from waterfalls, supplying just 9% of total electricity. Despite having 450 gigawatts of potential hydroelectric power – 5% of total renewable energy – Indonesia considers development of hydropower plants uncompetitive and economically unlucrative compared to fossil fuel power generators.


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Cerita tentang mereka yang mencari solusi cerdas untuk pertambangan masa depan.

foroenergias.blogspot.com

Mereka Melirik Energi Non-fosil

Pembangkit listrik tenaga surya di Codelco, Chile

Selain Diavik Diamond Mine dan Vale yang memanfaatkan angin untuk membuat turbin listrik, ada pula kisah perusahaan pertambangan Glencore Xstrata. Dengan kondisi alam yang juga ganas di utara Quebec, Kanada, Glencore Xstrata mengupayakan produksi listrik 10 MW dari tenaga angin untuk memenuhi separo kebutuhan penambangan nikel dan tembaga di Raglan Mine. Lain lagi perusahaan pertambangan di lokasi beriklim tropis maupun gurun. Pemimpin global pertambangan emas yang beroperasi di lima benua, Barrick Gold Corporation, memenuhi 19,4% kebutuhan listrik dari sumber daya terbarukan. Pemanfaatan tenaga surya secara terpusat, atau biasa disebut solar farm, diterapkan di Nevada, AS. Sementara

turbin angin dataran tinggi menyuplai 10% kebutuhan energi untuk pertambangan emas mereka di Veladaro, Argentina. Barrick saat ini sedang menjajaki kerja sama dengan pemerintah Argentina untuk mengembangkan pembangkit listrik geotermal tak jauh dari lokasi operasi pertambangan Veladaro. Perusahaan penambangan dan pengolahan tembaga di Chile yang berstatus BUMN, Codelco, membangun pembangkit listrik tenaga surya guna menggantikan 85% konsumsi bahan bakar fosil. Dengan 2.620 panel surya di lahan seluas hampir 40.000 m2, instalasi milik Codelco terluas di dunia.

barrick.com

Perusahaan lain yang juga melirik tenaga surya adalah Cronimet Mining. Sebelumnya Cronimet menggunakan diesel generator sets (gensets) untuk memenuhi semua kebutuhan listrik, mulai dari kantor hingga infrastruktur pertambangan. Kini, korporasi yang berbasis di Munich, Jerman, itu merancang, membangun, dan mengoperasikan pembangkit listrik photovoltaic (PV) di lokasi pertambangan bijih kromium mereka di Afrika Selatan.

Pembangkit listrik tenaga bayu yang dimanfaatkan oleh Barrick Gold Corporation di Veladaro, Argentina.

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Pertimbangan Cronimet, ratusan kilometer harus ditempuh truk-truk besar pengangkut bahan bakar diesel ke lokasi pertambangan. Jika terjadi halangan dalam arus pasokan, mulai dari penutupan jalan hingga cuaca buruk, pertambangan bisa berhenti beroperasi. Selain itu, harga bahan bakar diesel yang naik 10-15% tiap tahun membuat Cronimet mesti mencari sumber energi alternatif.

L AP O R A N UTAMA

Volcan adalah perusahaan asal Peru yang bergerak di bidang eksplorasi seng, timah, tembaga, dan perak. Keberadaan sungai dan danau di Peru memungkinkan dibangunnya bendungan. Volcan yang menyadari potensi tersebut mengembangkan 11 unit PLTA di Sungai Baños, Chicrin, San José, dan Rimac yang terletak di Lima dan Pasco. PLTA dengan kapasitas terpasang 41 MW tersebut bukan hanya untuk memasok kebutuhan listrik area penambangan, melainkan juga bagi Perusahaan Listrik Nasional Peru (SEIN). Volcan juga mengembangkan proyek-proyek PLTA lain dengan target kapasitas 60 MW.

diavik.ca

Kondisi alam memang menjadi pertimbangan utama dalam memilih sumber energi alternatif. Jika Cronimet memilih photovoltaic (PV) karena ketersediaan sinar matahari yang melimpah di Afrika, Volcan Compania Minera SAA (Volcan) melihat air sebagai sumber energi.

Kincir angin Diavik di Sub-artik

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Menekan Emisi Melalui turbin angin, Rio Tinto berharap bisa mengurangi pengnggunaan 4 juta liter diesel per tahun, sekaligus menekan emisi CO2 sebanyak 12.000 ton. Dengan 4.158 panel PV, diproyeksikan Cronimet dapat menghemat 3-3,4 juta liter bahan bakar diesel per tahun. Dalam proyek yang disebut Pampa Elvira Solar itu, panelpanel surya milik Codelco menghasilkan energi 51.800 megawatt jam termal (MWth) per tahun, sekaligus mengurangi

15.000 ton emisi karbondioksida. Pemangkasan diesel juga berdampak pada berkurangnya 250 unit truk pengangkut bahan bakar ke lokasi pertambangan Codelco. Emisi gas rumah kaca pun bisa semakin ditekan. Salah satu PLTA yang dioperasikan Volcan, Baños V, dengan kapasitas 9,2 MW menghasilkan energi yang cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan listrik anak perusahaannya, Chungar. Beroperasinya Baños V setara dengan menghapus emisi CO2 dari 7.000 kendaraan bermotor.

smainverted.com

Baños V, yang telah terdaftar di United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), dapat merilis serta menjual kredit karbon di bawah Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Protokol Kyoto. Sertifikasi tersebut memungkinkan Volcan mengeluarkan 35.000 kredit karbon tiap tahun yang dapat diperjualbelikan dalam perdagangan luar negeri.

Panel surya milik Cronimet Mining, Afrika Selatan.

Bagi perusahaan pertambangan yang memiliki unit bisnis di bidang energi, sumber daya terbarukan merupakan bisnis masa depan. Contohnya Teck. Perusahaan mineral dan energi di Kanada ini semakin fokus mengembangkan sumber energi terbarukan. Proyek Wintering Hills Wind Power Facility di Alberta merupakan investasi pertama Teck dalam pembangkit listrik tenaga angin. Dengan 55 turbin angin berkapasitas total 88 MW, Wintering Hill dapat memasok listrik ke 35.000 rumah di Alberta, sekaligus mengurangi emisi CO2 200.000 ton per tahun. [] Ed i si J uni 2014 I H alo Val e

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COVE R STO RY

Looking to Non-Fossil Energy A story of those seeking smart solutions for mining in the future. Besides Diavik Diamond Mine and Vale that harness wind power for electricity, there is the story of mining company Glencore Xstrata. The harsh conditions north of Quebec required Glencore Xstrata to produce 10 MW of wind turbinegenerated power to meet half the demand of its nickel and copper mines in Raglan Mine. Then there are miners operating in tropical and desert climates. Leading gold mining company Barrick Gold Corporation, which has operations on five continents, harnesses 19.4% of its energy from renewable sources. It has solar farms in Nevada, USA as well as wind farms in the highlands of Veladaro, Argentina – the latter supplying 10% of the company’s gold mining energy requirements in that area. Barrick is currently in negotiations with the Argentinian government to develop a geothermal power plant near its Veladaro mines. Chilean state-owned copper mining and processing company Codelco has built a solar power generator to replace 85% of its fossil fuel-sourced energy. Its 2,620 solar panels covering an area of almost 40,000 square meters is the largest in the world. Cronimet Mining is another company interested in solar power. In the past, Cronimet had been using diesel generator sets (gensets) to meet all its electricity demands – from running offices to operating its mines – but the Munichbased company then designed, built and is now operating a photovoltaic cell power-generator at its chromium ore mining site in South Africa.

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Cronimet calculated that its diesel fuel tanker trucks would have to travel hundreds of kilometers to the mine site. Any delays in supplies – as a result of anything from road closures to inclement weather – meant mining operations had to stop. Another consideration was the cost of diesel fuel which increased by 10-15% each year, requiring Cronimet to find alternative energy sources.

COVER STORY

Natural landscapes are indeed the main consideration when it comes to choosing alternative sources of energy. Cronimet chose to use photovoltaic (PV) energy because of the abundant sunshine in Africa, while Volcan Compania Minera SAA (Volcan) chooses hydropower for its energy source.

Volcan is a Peru-based company with interests in zinc, tin, copper and silver exploration. The presence of rivers and lakes in Peru meant it was feasible to build dams. Aware of this potential, Volcan developed 11 hydropower plants along the Baños, Chicrin, San José, and Rimac rivers in Lima and Pasco. The hydroelectric power plants, with an installed capacity of 41 MW, provide energy not only to the mine, but also to Peru’s National Electric Company (SEIN). Volcan is also developing other hydropower projects, with a target capacity of 60 MW.

Reducing Emissions Wind turbines are expected to reduce Rio Tinto’s annual diesel fuel consumption of 4 million liters, and cut back CO2 emissions by 12,000 tons. Meanwhile, with 4,158 PV panels, Cronimet is projected to save 3-3.4 million liters of diesel fuel a year. In a project called Pampa Elvira Solar, Codelco’s solar panels produce 51,800 thermal megawatts (MWth) a year, reducing 15,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions. The reduction of diesel fuel consumption also means that 250 less tanker trucks ply the roads to Codelco’s mines, thus further reducing greenhouse gas emissions. One of Volcan’s hydropower plants, Baños V, has a 9.2MW capacity; it produces enough electricity for its subsidiary, Chungar. The effect of operating Baños V is equivalent to cutting back CO2 emissions from 7,000 motor vehicles. Baños V, which is registered with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), can release and sell its carbon credits under the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The certificate allows Volcan to issue 35,000 carbon credits each year that can be traded on offshore markets. The future of mining companies with businesses in the energy sector is in renewable resources. Take Teck for example. The Canadian minerals and energy company has increased its focus on developing renewable energy sources. The Wintering Hills Wind Power Facility in Alberta is Teck’s first investment in wind-powered electricity. Wintering Hill’s 55 wind turbines, with a total capacity of 88 MW, supplies electricity to 35,000 houses in Alberta and reduces CO2 emissions by 200,000 tons a year.


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Energi Hijau dalam Produksi Vale Pengoperasian PLTA mampu menekan biaya pengolahan nikel PT Vale. Bahan bakar merupakan komponen biaya produksi yang cukup menguras kas perusahaan pertambangan dunia. Dalam setahun, diperkirakan komponen ini mengambil porsi 20-30% biaya produksi perusahaan. Lebih daripada itu, harga bahan bakar dunia kian tinggi dari tahun ke tahun. Dalam catatan William G. Meister, peneliti dari Marston, situasi terparah pernah terjadi sepanjang 2003-2008, ketika harga solar dunia melonjak hingga ratusan persen. Di Benua Amerika dan Afrika, kenaikan mencapai 300%. Ironisnya, kenaikan tertinggi justru terjadi di Indonesia, yakni 500%. Alhasil, kenaikan biaya produksi perusahaan pertambangan di Indonesia mencapai hingga 46% dalam kurun waktu tersebut. Kenaikan juga terjadi pada tarif listrik-sumber energi lain yang dibutuhkan industri pertambangan-sebesar 5% dalam periode yang sama. Hitung punya hitung, komponen energi kerap mengalahkan biaya tenaga kerja, suku cadang, atau barang produksi seperti pipa baja.

Tingginya konsumsi bahan bakar dalam operasi perusahaan pertambangan juga menjadi tantangan yang dihadapi PT Vale. Pasalnya, sumber energi untuk pengoperasian pabrik pengolahan berasal dari pembangkit listrik termal (PLTU dan PLTD) yang membutuhkan bahan bakar HSFO (high sulfur fuel oil) dan HSD (high speed diesel). HSD juga digunakan untuk armada tambang PT Vale. Konsumsi HSD PT Vale pada periode 2009—ketika PLTA Karebbe belum beroperasi mencapai 60 juta liter, dengan harga 0,56 dollar AS per barel. Nilainya setara 34% dari total biaya produksi pada tahun tersebut. Periode sebelumnya, 2008, menembus angka 140 juta liter (0,90 dollar AS per barel) atau memakan 38% biaya produksi. Tahun 2011, konsumsi HSD mencapai 85 juta liter, atau 42% dari biaya produksi dengan harga 0,86 dollar AS. Sedangkan konsumsi HSFO pada 2009 senilai 70,9 juta dollar AS. HSFO tahun 2010 senilai 95 juta dollar AS atau 78% dari biaya bahan bakar. Sedangkan pada 2011 dibutuhkan HSFO 2,4 juta barel dengan harga 99,1 dollar AS. Setahun setelah PLTA Karebbe beroperasi, Oktober 2011, konsumsi HSD perlahan turun. Tahun 2012, kebutuhan HSD ”hanya” 55 juta liter atau 33% dari kebutuhan HSD. Meski demikian, angka konsumsi HSD masif fluktuatif. Tahun 2013 sempat menembus total konsumsi 59 juta liter seiring meningkatnya target produksi.

Listrik Bertambah

Tangki HSD PT Vale. Konsumsi HSD sebagai pembangkit energi bagi pabrik pengolahan ditekan konsumsinya dengan adanya PLTA.

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Pembangunan PLTA Karebbe (beroperasi Oktober 2011, daya listrik rata-rata 90 megawatt) dan dua PLTA PT Vale sebelumnya, Larona (beroperasi 1979, daya listrik rata-rata 165 megawatt) dan Balambano (beroperasi 1999, daya listik rata-rata 110 megawatt) dimaksudkan untuk mengurangi konsumsi solar. ”Keberadaan Karebbe juga mampu menggantikan kebutuhan HSFO sebesar 400 ribu barel dan 64 juta liter solar per tahun,” ujar Manager Operation of Hydro Plant PT Vale Yusri Yunus.

L AP O R A N UTAMA

PLTA Karebbe di aliran Sungai Larona, Luwu Timur.


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L APOR A N UTA MA

PLTA Karebbe juga untuk menyuplai energi sebesar 736 gigawatt per tahun atau senilai 33% kebutuhan listrik PT Vale. Biaya pengolahan nikel PT Vale dengan pemanfaatan energi PLTA lebih murah dibandingkan pembangkit listrik termal. Dengan termal, dibutuhkan biaya 2,06 dollar AS per pon nikel. Sedangkan dengan PLTA hanya sebesar 1 sen dollar AS untuk kuantitas yang sama. Keberadaan PLTA Karebbe juga memberikan kemanfaatan bagi aspek lingkungan, yakni menurunnya angka emisi karbon sebesar 500 ribu metrik ton per tahun. PT Vale juga menyu-plai listrik untuk masyarakat melalui Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) sebesar 8 megawatt kepada Pemerintah Kabupaten Luwu Timur. Tidak hanya di Indonesia, Vale di Brazil juga memanfaatkan energi terbarukan melalui proyek pembangunan kincir anginnya (wind farm). Mengutip Datamark.com (22/6/2012), Vale menginvestasikan 315 juta dollar AS untuk proyek kincir angin dengan kapasitas terpasang 140 megawatt di Rio Grande do Nortel, timur laut Rio de Janeiro. Proyek bersama Pacific Hydro ini bertujuan untuk menyuplai kebutuhan energi operasional tambang Vale di Brasil, yang diproyeksikan meningkat 150% pada 2020 nanti. Direktur Energi Vale Ricardo Mendes mengatakan, pemanfaatan energi terbarukan ini akan membuat biaya produksi Vale lebih ekonomis dalam jangka panjang. ”Juga meningkatkan suplai energi sebesar 45-50% dan menghasilkan energi yang dapat mengurangi emisi,” ujar dia.

Dalam kalkulasi Brian, dengan asumsi suatu pertambangan beroperasi 10-50 tahun, tidak semua energi terbarukan pas dengan operasi suatu perusahaan tambang. ”Paling realistis dengan durasi operasi pertambangan tersebut dan investasinya. Hanya instalasi tenaga surya yang memiliki masa pakai 20-25 tahun,” tutur Brian. Salah satu cerita sukses pemanfaatan tenaga surya adalah perusahaan Cronimet Mining Power Solution di Limpopo, Afrika Selatan. Perusahaan ini memasang instalasi tenaga surya untuk menghasilkan listrik 1 megawatt. Setara 60% kebutuhan energi operasi Cronimet dan menghemat 450 ribu liter diesel setiap tahunnya. Teknologi instalasi tenaga surya kini semakin mutakhir dan produknya lebih murah. Catatan Departemen Energi Amerika Serikat, pada 1980 harga listrik dari tenaga surya per Kwh-nya mencapai 22 dolar AS. Sedangkan pada 2013 menyusut menjadi hanya 3 dollar AS (tarif menyusut 7% setiap tahun dari 1980-2013). Kondisi ini memicu pemanfaatan tenaga matahari dan angin menjadi favorit industri pertambangan dunia. Puncaknya terjadi pada 2010, ketika pertumbuhan pembangunan instalasi energi terbarukan di industri pertambangan dunia menembus hingga 73%. []

Menurut Brian Chistopher Greene dari Chadbourne & Parke, perusahaan pertambangan dunia di masa depan memang tidak mungkin lagi sepenuhnya mengandalkan energi fosil untuk kegiatan operasinya. ”Isu lingkungan dan tidak ekonomisnya harga bahan bakar merupakan tantangan yang perlu diselesaikan,” ujar dia. Satu-satunya solusi adalah mulai memanfaatkan energi terbarukan. Kendati demikian, untuk beralih energi juga tidak gampang, tambah Brian. Tidak semua area pertambangan memiliki sumber energi terbarukan yang cocok dengan kebutuhan operasi. Pembangunan instalasi energi terbarukan juga membutuhkan investasi yang tidak murah.

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crm-ps.com

Tantangan Dunia Pertambangan

Panel surya Cronimet di Limpopo, Afrika Selatan.

COVER STORY

Green Energy in Vale’s Production The Karebbe hydroelectric power plant keeps PT Vale’s nickel processing costs down.

Fuel is a major production cost that continually drains the world’s mining companies. It is estimated that this component makes up 20-30% of total costs each year, valued at tens of millions of US dollars. Add to this the ever-increasing price of fuel on the world market. According to William G. Meister, a researcher from Marston, one of the worst situations occurred between 2003 and 2008 when global diesel prices skyrocketed. In America and Africa, prices tripled. Most tragic, however, was in Indonesia where it went up by 500%. The result was that the production cost of mining companies in Indonesia increased by up to 46% during that period while electricity rates – another important energy component in mining – increased by 5%. Clearly, the energy component in cost often exceeds costs associated with labor, spare parts or production equipment such as steel pipes. PT Vale too sees the high level of fuel consumption for mining operations as a challenge. This is because the energy for operating the company’s processing plant comes from thermal power stations (a PLTU, or steam-driven power plant and a PLTD, or diesel-fueled

power plant) which require high sulfur fuel oil (HSFO) and high speed diesel (HSD). HSD fuel is also used in PT Vale’s mining operations. PT Vale’s HSD consumption in 2009 – before the Karebbe hydropower plant started operating – reached 60 million liters, at $0.56 per barrel. This was 34% of total production cost that year. The year before, in 2008, the figure amounted to 140 million liters (at $0.90 per barrel) or 38% of production cost. In 2011, HSD consumption reached 85 million liters at $0.86 per barrel, comprising 42% of production cost. Meanwhile, HSFO consumption in 2009 was recorded at $70.9 million and in 2010 it was $95 million, which was 78% of total fuel cost. In 2011, 2.4 million barrels of HSFO were required, costing $99.1. A year after the Karebbe hydropower plant began operations, in October 2011, HSD consumption started dropping. In 2012, “only” 55 million liters of HSD was required, representing 33% of HSD needs. Nonetheless, HSD consumption figures still fluctuate. In 2013, the figure reached 59 million liters as production targets rose.


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(Clockwise) Larona dam, spillway at Karebbe dam, operator at Balambano HEPP, and Balambano dam.

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COVER STORY

Increased Electricity The development of Karebbe hydropower station (operating since October 2011 with 90 megawatts of average electric power) and PT Vale’s older hydropower plants, Larona (operating since 1979, with 165 megawatts of average electric power) and Balambano (operating since 1999, with 110 megawatts of average electric power) were intended to reduce diesel consumption. “Having Karebbe replaces the need for 400,000 barrels of HSFO and 64 million liters of diesel a year,” said PT Vale’s Hydro Plant Operation Manager, Yusri Yunus. Karebbe power plant also supplies 736 gigawatts of power a year, which is 33% of PT Vale’s electricity demand. The cost of processing nickel using hydro-generated energy is lower than if using thermalgenerated energy. If using thermal energy, the cost is $2.06 per pound of nickel. If using hydro energy, the cost is 1 US cent. Having the Karebbe power station is also more beneficial for the environment as carbon emissions can be reduced by 500,000 metric tons a year. PT Vale also supplies 5 megawatts of electricity to local residents through the State Electricity Company (PLN) and 3 megawatts to the Luwu Timur regional government.

According to Brian’s calculations, not all renewable energies are appropriate for a mining company, assuming that mines operate for 10-50 years. “Realistically it has to do with the duration of mining activities and the investments that are made. Only solar power installations have a lifetime of 20-25 years,” Brian said. One of the success stories about the use of solar power comes from Cronimet Mining Power Solution in Limpopo, South Africa. This company has a solar-powered installation producing 1 megawatts of electricity. This is 60% of the energy needed to operate Cronimet and amounts to a savings of 450,000 liters of diesel fuel each year. The technology to set up solar installations has become more advanced, while the product has become cheaper. The US Department of Energy recorded that in 1980, the price of solarpowered electricity was $22 per kilowatt hour. In 2013, this figure has shrunk to just $3 (rates dropping 7% each year between 1980 and 2013). This condition triggered the harnessing of solar and wind energy, which then became the favorites of global mining companies. It reached a peak in 2010 when renewable energy installation projects undertaken by global mining companies grew by 73%.

These things are not only occurring in Indonesia. In Brazil, Vale is also harnessing renewable energy through the development of wind farms. According to Datamark.com (22/6/2012), Vale has invested $315 million for a wind turbine project in Rio Grande do Nortel, northeast of Rio de Janeiro, with an installed capacity of 140 megawatts. The project, conducted in collaboration with Pacific Hydro, is aimed at supplying energy for Vale’s mining operations in Brazil, the demand for which is expected to increase 150% by 2020. Vale’s Energy Director, Ricardo Mendes said renewable energy will enable Vale’s production costs to be more economical in the long run. “It will also increase energy supplies by 45-50% and generate energy that reduces emissions,” he said.

Challenges in the Mining World Brian Christopher Greene from Chadbourne & Parke said that future global mining companies could no longer rely on fossil fuels to run their operations. “Environmental issues and uneconomical fuel price are challenges that must be resolved,” he said. The only solution was to harness renewable energy. However, it was not easy to change from one form of energy source to another, Brian added. Not all mining areas have access to renewable energy sources that match the needs of the operations. The development of renewable energy installations also require investments that are not cheap.


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Dari Brazil hingga Mozambik

oas.com

L APOR A N UTA MA

Berbagai proyek dan inisiatif Vale dalam pemanfaatan energi terbarukan untuk operasi dan misi sosial-lingkungan. Seperti yang telah diceritakan, isu lingkungan dan kian menipisnya bahan bakar fosil menjadi perhatian serius perusahaan tambang dunia. Tak terkecuali Vale. Perusahaan ini mengembangkan berbagai proyek pemanfaatan sumber energi alternatif ramah lingkungan dan terbarukan. Bukan sekadar hitung-hitungan ekonomi, di balik proyek-proyek pengembangan itu tersimpan visi Vale menjadi perusahaan pertambangan yang berkesinambungan dan memberi manfaat bagi lingkungan dan sosial.

Selain proyek Biopalma, Vale juga memanfaatkan tenaga air (PLTA). Layaknya operasi Vale di Sorowako, Indonesia, hal serupa dilakukan di Brazil dan Kanada. Di Brazil, kebutuhan listrik operasi pertambangan Vale sebesar 1.158 megawatt disuplai oleh tujuh PLTA: Igarapava, Porto Estrela, Funil, Candonga, Aimorés, Capim Branco I, dan Capim Branco II. Semua memiliki total kapasitas terpasang 1.158 megawatt. Angka tersebut lebih besar lagi bila PLTA Estreito di Sungai Tocantins dan Maranhao mulai beroperasi. Total jenderal, 21% kebutuhan energi operasi Vale disuplai dari energi terbarukan. Selama empat tahun berturut-turut Vale memperoleh penghargaan emas dari Brazilian GHG Protocol Program. Sebesar 196,9 juta dollar AS dialokasikan untuk proyek energi terbarukan. Angka ini merupakan bagian dari total investasi senilai 1.280 miliar dollar AS, di mana 79%-nya merupakan dana pengembangan proyek pro-lingkungan.

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panoramio.com

Salah satu proyek pengembangan energi alternatif yang dilakukan adalah biodiesel kelapa sawit bernama “Biopalma”. Sejak beroperasi Juni 2012, proyek biodiesel tersebut mengemban misi menekan biaya bahan bakar operasi pertambangan Vale dengan komposisi 20% biodiesel dan 80% solar pada 2016. Kapasitas produksi pabrik Biopalma mencapai 25 ton per jam.

L AP O R A N UTAMA

Vale juga memanfaatkan sumber energi gas dan batubara. Telah dibangun proyek Vitoria Integrated Thermoelectric Power Plant di Tubarao Complex, Esprito Santo, Brazil. Pembangkit listrik ini mampu menghasilkan 580 megawatt untuk menyuplai energi pabrik pengolahan nikel pelet.

PLTA Estreito di Sungai Tocantins dan Maranhao, Brazil.

Untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga batubara, Vale mengembangkan di lokasi pertambangan batubara yang telah beroperasi sejak Juli 2011 di Moatize, Provinsi Tete, 1.500 kilometer utara ibukota Mozambik, Maputo. Pembangkit tenaga berbasis batubara ini memiliki kapasitas terpasang sebesar 300 MW dengan nilai investasi 1 miliar dollar AS. Tambang batubara Moatize sendiri memiliki kapasitas produksi 18 juta metrik ton per tahun. Pengoperasian pembangkit listrik tenaga batubara ini hanya membuat emisi sulfurdioksida operasi pabrik Vale 0,6%. Dari total listrik kapasitas terpasang 300 megawatt tersebut, 50 megawatt didistribusikan untuk kebutuhan listrik warga setempat. Proyek ini diharapkan beroperasi penuh pada kuartal pertama 2016.

Pusat Penelitian Vale juga mengembangkan pusat penelitian bernama Vale Living with Lakes Centre di Universitas Laurentian, Sudbury, Ontario, Kanada tahun 2008. Proyek senilai 20 juta dollar AS ini merupakan pusat belajar dan laboratorium untuk para peneliti ekologi air tawar, restorasi lingkungan, perubahan iklim, dan pengembangan industri. Suplai listrik gedungnya menggunakan energi panas bumi dan memanfaatkan air limbah sehingga mampu menghemat konsumsi listrik sebesar 77% dan air sebesar 88%. Fasilitas yang telah bersertifikasi LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) ini diproyeksikan menghemat biaya listrik dan air sebesar 1 juta dollar AS dalam 25 tahun ke depan. []

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Tambang batubara Vale di Moatize, Mozambik.

Para peneliti melakukan riset metodologi eksplorasi geokimia di area Living with Lake Center, Kanada.

Living with Lake Center di Universitas Laurentian, Sudburry, Kanada.


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COVE R STO RY

From Brazil to Mozambique Estreito dam at Tocantins and Maranhao rivers, Brazil.

As mentioned, environmental issues and the depletion of fossil fuels are topics that are gaining the serious attention of global miners, including Vale. The company has developed various projects aimed at harnessing alternative, environmentally-friendly and renewable energy sources. This is not just about economic calculations; behind these projects is Vale’s vision to become a sustainable mining company that brings benefits to society and to the environment. One of the schemes for developing alternative energy is the “Biopalma” oil palm biodiesel project. The project, which started in June 2012, is charged with the mission of reducing Vale’s mining operations fuel cost through the use of 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel by 2016. The Biopalma factory has a production capacity of 25 tons an hour.

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A showcase of Vale’s projects and initiatives to harness renewable energy for use in mining operations and socialenvironmental missions.

Besides the Biopalma project, Vale also uses hydro power; Vale’s operations in Brazil and Canada have hydroelectric power plants similar to those in Sorowako, Indonesia. In Brazil, the 1,158-megawatt electricity capacity required by Vale’s mining operations is supplied by seven hydropower stations: Igarapava, Porto Estrela, Funil, Candonga, Aimorés, Capim Branco I and Capim Branco II. They have a total installed capacity of 1,158 megawatts. The capacity will be even greater once the Estreito hydropower station on Tocantins and Maranhao rivers start operating. In total 21% of Vale’s operations are powered

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COVER STORY

by renewable energy. For four consecutive years Vale has received a gold award from the Brazilian GHG Protocol Program. From a total investment of $1.280 billion, 79% are pro-environment development funds and $196.9 million has been allocated to renewable energy projects. Vale also uses natural gas and coal for power. The Vitoria Integrated Thermoelectric Power Plant at Tubarao Complex in Espirito Santo, Brazil, supplies 580 megawatts of electricity to the company’s nickel pellet processing plant.

Vale has also developed a coal-fueled power station in Moatize, Tete Province, 1,500 kilometers north of Mozambique’s capital, Maputo. Located near the Moatize coal mine, the power station has been in operation since July 2011. It has an installed capacity of 300 MW and was built with a $1-billion investment. Meanwhile, the coal mine has a production capacity of 18 million metric tons a year. Having this coal-fueled power generator means Vale’s operations create sulfur dioxide emissions, but only at 0.6%. From the total installed capacity of 300 megawatts, 50 megawatts are distributed to the local community. This project is expected to be fully operational by the first quarter of 2016.

Research Center

Vale’s coal mine at Moatize, Mozambique.

Vale has also developed a research center called Vale Living With Lakes Centre at Laurentian University in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. The $20 million project launched in 2008 is aimed at supporting research on freshwater ecology, environmental restoration, climate change and industry development. For electricity, the building utilizes geothermal energy and wastewater, allowing savings on electricity consumption of 77% and water usage of 88%. It is estimated that the facility, which has received a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certificate, will be able to reduce electricity and water utility bills by $1 million over the next 25 years. []

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L APOR A N UTA MA

Sulawesi Selatan Kaya Sumber Energi Alternatif Luwu Timur dikenal memiliki sumber energi berbasis air yang mumpuni. Mana lagi di Sulawesi Selatan yang potensi energi terbarukannya melimpah? Beruntung Vale di Indonesia beroperasi di alam yang kaya sumber energi terbarukan. Keberadaan Sungai Larona di Luwu Timur—tempat pabrik pengolahan Vale di Sorowako berada—mendukung kebutuhan energi aktivitas pertambangannya.

hektar, bioetanol mencapai 40.700 hektar, dan biogas mencapai volume 1,2 juta ekor ternak. Dari potensi tersebut, baru dikembangkan proyek pengembangan bioetanol di Kecamatan Biring Bulu, Kabupaten Gowa, berkapasitas 2 x 20 kilowatt.

Luwu Timur hanya sebagian wilayah di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang memiliki sumber energi alternatif. Data Dinas ESDM Sulawesi Selatan, provinsi dengan luas 62 ribu kilometer persegi ini menyimpan potensi sumber energi terbarukan, seperti PLTA dengan total kapasitas 2.946 megawatt, tersebar di 18 titik. Potensi mikrohidro berkapasitas 70,2 megawatt tersebar di 181 lokasi. Angka itu belum termasuk potensi panas bumi (371 megawatt) yang tersebar di 16 lokasi (seperti Limbong, Pararra, Pincara di Kabupaten Luwu Utara), Bituang dan Sangala/Makula (Kabupaten Tana Toraja), Tacipi (Kabupaten Bone), dan Masepe (Kabupaten Sidrap).

Hingga 2013, Sulawesi Selatan memiliki listrik sebesar 1.030 megawatt dari sumber energi terbarukan. Kebutuhan energi, menurut Dinas ESDM Sulawesi Selatan, lebih besar. Apalagi dalam beberapa tahun ke depan akan hadir sekitar 10 smelter.

Dari potensi tersebut, berapa banyak yang telah dimanfaatkan? Untuk PLTA baru mencapai 518 megawatt. Mini hidro sebesar 10,6 megawatt. Tenaga surya melalui solar home system (SHS) sebanyak 14 ribu unit lebih dengan masingmasing unit berkapasitas 10 dan 50 watt per jam. Pembangkit listrik tenaga surya baru berhasil dikembangkan di Kabupaten Pangkep, berdaya 1 megawatt. Sedangkan di Pulau Selayar terdapat proyek pemanfaatan energi angin untuk menghasilkan listrik berdaya 2 x 100 megawatt. Bioenergi juga memiliki potensi besar, mengingat ketersediaan lahan di Sulawesi Selatan masih banyak. Data Dinas ESDM menyebutkan, lahan untuk budidaya tanaman penghasil bioenergi seperti biodiesel mencapai 601.992

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Kebijakan Energi Nasional Pemanfaatan energi terbarukan merupakan salah satu kebijakan pembangunan Indonesia, sebagaimana termaktub dalam Keputusan Presiden No.5 Tahun 2006 tentang Kebijakan Energi Nasional dan Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 2007 tentang Energi. Roadmap pengembangan energi Indonesia itu menyebutkan, target pemanfaatan energi terbarukan pada 2025 mencapai 25% dari total kebutuhan energi nasional. Kebijakan itu sejalan dengan target Perserikatan Bang-bangsa untuk mendorong pemanfaatan energi terbarukan dua kali lipat dari 15% hingga 30% pada 2030 di seluruh dunia. Untuk merealisasikan program-program pemanfaatan energi alternatif dalam 15 tahun ke depan, Indonesia diperkirakan membutuhkan dana investasi sebesar Rp134,6 triliun. Dari porsi itu, kebutuhan investasi di Sulawesi diperkirakan mencapai Rp15,77 triliun, sedangkan Jawa Rp86,3 triliun. Saat ini beberapa program telah diimplementasikan berupa listrik pedesaan, pengembangan biogas, Desa Mandiri Energi (DME), Integrated Microhydro Development Program (IMIDAP), PLTS perkotaan, dan pengembangan biofuel. []

L AP O R A N UTAMA

mylaffaiza.blogspot.com

Power Plant PT Energy Sengkang yang menghasilkan listrik dari gas alam.

Kincir air PLTMH hasil swadaya warga Desa Bacubacu, Kecamatan Pujananting, Kabupaten Barru. Desa ini memiliki 13 PLTMH dengan total daya yang dihasilkan mencapai 101 KWh.

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Pipa PLTMH Bungin di Kecamatan Bungin, Kabupaten Enrekang. PLTMH ini mampu memasok daya listrik sebesar 90 KWh. Di Kecamatan Bungin terdapat 3 PLTMH.

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya di Pulau Karanrang, Kecamatan Liukang Tupabbiring Utara, Kabupaten Pangkep.


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mylaffaiza.blogspot.com

COVE R STO RY

Microhydro instalation at Bacubacu, Pujananting, Barru Regency.

South Sulawesi: Rich in Alternative Energy Sources Luwu Timur is well-known for its abundant water-based resources. Where else in South Sulawesi can potential renewable energy sources be found in abundance?

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In Indonesia, Vale is extremely lucky to be operating in an environment rich in renewable energy sources. The Larona River in Luwu Timur, where Vale has its processing plant in Sorowako, helps to provide the energy needed for the company’s mining activities. Luwu Timur is only one part of South Sulawesi Province with alternative energy sources. Data from the South Sulawesi Energy and Mineral Resources Office states that the province, at 62,000 square kilometers, has 18 points at which renewable energy resources can be used to develop hydroelectric power stations, potentially producing 2,946 megawatts of electricity. The province’s micro hydro potential, with a capacity of 70.2 megawatts, is distributed at 181 locations. Then there is its geothermal potential of 371 megawatts at 16 locations (such as Limbong, Pararra and Pincara in Luwu Utara Regency), Bituang and Sangala/ Makula (Tana Toraja Regency), Tacipi (Bone Regency) and Masepe (Sidrap Regency).

PT Energy Sengkang Power Plant

From these potential resources, how much has been used? For hydropower, only 518 megawatts; for mini hydro, 0.6 megawatts; and from solar energy – in the form of solar home systems – there are more than 14,000 units, with a capacity of 10 to 50 watts per hour. The only solar-powered electric generator that has been successfully developed is the one in Pangkep Regency, with a capacity of 1 megawatt. In Pulau Selayar, a wind-powered project generates 2 x 100 kilowatts. There is also potential in bioenergy because South Sulawesi has large areas of arable land. According to the Energy and Mineral Resources Office, there are 601,992 hectares of land that can potentially be used for biodiesel-source plantations, 40,700 hectares for bioethanol-source plantations, as well as 1.2 million cattle for producing biogas. So far, there has only been a bioethanol development project in Biring Bulu Subdistrict, Gowa Regency, with a capacity of 2 x 20 kilowatts.

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COVER STORY

Solar panels at Karanrang, Pangkep regency.

National Energy Policy Utilizing renewable energy is one of Indonesia’s development policies as stated in Presidential Decree No. 5 of 2006 on the National Energy Policy and Law No. 30 of 2007 on Energy. According to these energy-sector development roadmaps, the aim is to source 25% of total national energy requirements from renewable sources by 2025. This policy aligns with the target set by the United Nations, which encourages the worldwide doubling of renewable energy utilization from 15% to 30% by 2030. To implement alternative energy developments in Indonesia for the next 15 years, it is estimated that the country will require IDR134.6 trillion in investments. From this amount, Sulawesi will need IDR15.77 trillion and Java IDR86.3 trillion. Some programs have already started, including village electrification works; biogas and biofuel developments; as well as Energy Self-Sufficient Village (DME), Integrated Micro Hydro Development (IMIDAP) and urban solar power programs. []

As of 2013, South Sulawesi has 1,030 megawatts of electricity from renewable energy sources. But more is required, according to the South Sulawesi Energy and Mineral Resources Office, especially considering that in a few years’ time there will be 10 new smelters.


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K I NE R J A

PT Vale Sempurnakan Sistem Waspada Banjir PT Vale menambah 2 unit pelantang sirene dan 5 tower radio pemancar sebagai flood warning system.

Bencana banjir merupakan kejadiaan alam yang bisa terjadi kapan pun di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) dan sekitarnya yang mengakibatkan korban jiwa dan kehilangan materi. Di Luwu Timur, daerah Karebbe, Malili, dan sekitarnya, merupakan daerah cukup rentan ancaman banjir karena terdapat aliran Sungai Larona yang membentang di wilayah tersebut. Namun bencana banjir dapat dicegah dan diminimalisir dampaknya. Berbagai prosedur dan regulasi kesiapsiagaan dan penanganan banjir telah diatur pemerintah. Salah satunya adalah kewajiban pembangunan sistem peringatan banjir (flood warning system). PT Vale sebagai pihak yang memanfaatkan aliran sungai Larona untuk menghasilkan energi terbarukan melalui pembangkit listrik tenaga airnya (PLTA ), kini menambah sistem peringatan banjir atau juga disebut hydro flood warning system (FWS) di dua titik lagi, yakni Telkom Station yang berada 5 kilometer dari simpang jalan menuju Lampia dan Pelabuhan Balantang. Dengan keberadaan dua unit tambahan itu, total pelantang sirene FWS di daerah Karebbe dan Malili berjumlah empat unit. Dua sisanya berstatus existing (telah ada/dibuat ketika pembangunan PLTA Larona dan PLTA Balambano) berada di Karebbe Station (persimpangan jalan Malili-Lampia) dan Klinik Malili. Karena fungsinya sebagai peringatan kepada warga yang di sekitar aliran sungai, pelantang sirene ditempatkan di titik-titik yang berdekatan dengan permukiman penduduk. Menurut Senior Automation Engineer PT Vale Wahyudi, pembangunan FWS tersebut merupakan ketentuan yang diatur pemerintah dari beroperasinya bendungan Karebbe akhir 2011 lalu. “Sesuai regulasi, setiap pembangunan Dam perlu dilengkapi sistem peringatan banjir, termasuk PLTA Karebbe. Maka itu, pembangunan sirene peringatannya di dekat wilayah permukiman warga,” ujar dia.

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Selain komponen pelantang sirene, proyek FWS juga menggarap pembangunan tower radio pemancar. “Titik-titik radio pemancarnya kami tambah agar semua FWS terkoneksi dengan baik dan terhindar dari failure. Jumlahnya jadi ada tujuh, dua di antaranya existing,” ujar dia. Radio pemancar berfungsi untuk mengirimkan sinyal peringatan ke pelantang sirene bila level ketinggian air sungai dianggap melebihi batas normal atau berpotensi banjir. Sedangkan untuk memantau ketinggian air sungai dilakukan operator yang berada di control room PLTA. “Bila ketinggian air sungai dianggap tidak aman, maka operator tersebut yang menekan alarm untuk mengaktifkan sirene peringatan banjir,” tambah Wahyudi. Proyek senilai Rp1,5 miliar yang dimulai pada September 2013 lalu, melibatkan multi disiplin dari Departemen Maintenance System Engineering PT Vale yang terdiri dari instrument, electrical, civil, dan mechanical.

Tantangan

K INER J A

Sedangkan teknologi radio pemancar nirkabel dipilih karena area pemasangan tower memiliki medan yang cukup ekstrem; berbukit dan bebatuan. Untuk menyempurnakan kinerja empat unit pelantang sirene tersebut, terdapat tujuh titik tower radio pemancar yang berada di Top Dam Karebbe, Dormitory Karebbe, Karebbe Station, Malili Klinik, Telkom Station, Balantang Tower, dan Balantang Station. Medan yang ekstrem tersebut, menurut Project Engineer Asrul Gani Gaffar menjadi tantangan dalam aplikasi proyek. “Khususnya ketika mensurvei titik dan ketika pembangunan tower. Medan yang ekstrem menjadi tantangan tersendiri buat kami,” ujar Asrul. Apalagi tinggi tower mencapai 20 hingga 48 meter dari permukaan tanah. Hal tersebut dibenarkan Civil Engineer Abdul Muis. “Survei spot pembangunan tower merupakan titik krusial proyek ini. Karena lokasi tersebut harus mampu memancarkan sinyal radio dengan baik,” ungkap Abdul Muis. Pasca penentuan spot tower yang digawangi tim civil, giliran tim electrical yang ditantang untuk bisa membuat lighting road di area tower yang berbatu, namun radio pemancar tetap dapat bekerja normal dan stabil. “Selain membuat antena, tim electrical sekaligus lingkungan kerja aman dari gangguan akibat petir,” ujar Electrical Engineer Nixon Manik. Untuk keamanan tersebut, tim electrical telah melengkapi instalasi pemancar radio dengan lighting protector dan power supply yang berasal dari solar cell. “Selain itu, kami juga sedang memikirkan soal pengamanan gate (rumah antena dan instrumen FWS),” tambah Nixon. Proyek aplikasi FWS ini juga melibatkan rancangan in house tim PT Vale, seperti solar cell sebagai sumber tenaga radio pemancar. Solar cell tersebut mampu memenuhi kebutuhan listrik masing-masing setiap pemancar sebesar 100 watt. Solar cell ini juga didesain tetap mampu bekerja selama 3x24 jam bila sama sekali tidak mendapat pasokan sinar matahari. Selain itu, proyek ini juga sinergis dengan inisiatif cost saving. Pasalnya, dalam pembangunannya memanfaatkan material sisa project seperti tower, gate, dan extender tower.

Tiga Arti Bunyi Sirene Banjir • Peringatan: Bunyi sirene keras terputus-putus 1 detik bu nyi dan 5 detik mati selama 9 menit. • Tanda Bahaya: Bunyi sirene keras terus-menerus tidak pu tus selama 2 menit. • Keadaan Terkendali: Satu bunyi keras panjang selama 30 detik.


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P ERFO R M A N C E

PT Vale Improves Its Flood Warning System

PT Vale has added 2 sirens and 5 transmission radio towers as part of a flood warning system.

Floods are natural disasters that can happen at any moment in and around river catchment areas. Luwu Timur, Karebbe, Malili and surrounding areas are all prone to flooding due to the presence of Larona River. However, floods can be prevented and their impact can be minimized. The government has stipulated various procedures and regulations for managing flood alerts. Among these is a requirement to build hydro flood warning system (FWS) equipped with siren towers. PT Vale – as the user of Larona River that feeds into Karebbe hydropower station – has installed the FWS at two points: the first at Telkom Station, five kilometers from the intersection in the direction of Lampia, the second at Balantang Port. The additional units brings the total number of FWS sirens in Karebbe and Malili to four. The two existing ones are located at Karebbe Station and at Malili Clinic. Due to their functions, the siren towers are placed near residential areas. According to PT Vale’s Senior Automation Engineer, Wahyudi, the installation of FWS is a requirement under government regulations and related to the operation of Karebbe hydroelectric power station in 2011. “Following regulations, the construction of any dam must be

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complemented by a flood warning system; the Karebbe station is no exception. That’s why the siren towers have been built near residential areas,” he said. Besides installing the sirens, the FWS project also includes the construction of radio transmission towers. “There are transmission radios at more locations, so all FWS are well connected and will not be prone to failure. There are now a total of seven; two were already there,” he said. Transmission radios send warning signals to the sirens when water levels exceed their normal height, or when there is potential for flooding. Water levels are monitored by an operator in the power station’s control room. “If the water height is considered unsafe, the operator raises the alarm and activates the flood warning siren,” Wahyudi added. Costing IDR1.5 billion, the project was launched in September 2013 and involves the instrument, electrical, civil and mechanical divisions of PT Vale’s Maintenance System Engineering Department.

Challenges A cable-free transmission radio technology was chosen as it suited the hilly and rocky terrain on which the towers were

P ERFOR MANC E

located. To perfect the performance of the four sirens, the seven transmission towers were placed at Karebbe’s Top Dam, Karebbe Dormitory, Karebbe Station, Malili Clinic, Telkom Station, Balantang Tower and Balantang Station. The extreme terrain, according to Project Engineer Asrul Gani Gaffar, was challenging. “Particularly when surveying the locations and constructing the towers. The extreme conditions posed quite a challenge to us,” Asrul said. He said the towers rose between 20 and 48 meters above ground level. Civil Engineer Abdul Muis agreed. “The spot survey for the construction was crucial, as it was important that radio signals could be broadcast clearly from the location,” Abdul Muis said. After the civil engineering team had determined spots for the towers, it was the electrical team’s turn to be challenged when it was charged with making a lighting road in the rocky areas around the towers while ensuring that normal and stable transmissions are maintained. “Apart from installing the antennas, the area had to be free of any disruption that might result from lightning,” said Electrical Engineer Nixon Manik.

For this reason, the radio transmitters were equipped with lightning protectors and power supplies were connected to solar cells. “We are also thinking about securing the gate, which houses the antenna and FWS instruments,” Nixon added. The FWS project involves designs by PT Vale’s in-house teams; this includes the design of the solar cells used to power the transmitters. The solar cells provide 100 watts of electricity to the transmitters and are designed to work for 3 x 24 hours in the complete absence of sunshine. Designed in the spirit of cost saving, the FWS project utilizes excess material for parts such as towers, extender towers and the gate.

3

Meanings of Flood Siren Tones:

Warning: Loud, broken tones sounding once every five seconds for 9 minutes.

Danger Signal: Loud unbroken tones sounding for 2 minutes continuously.

Situation Under Control: One long, loud tone sounding for 30 seconds.


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K I NE R J A

Mengulik Komponen Furnace Agar Lebih Fleksibel Tiga modifikasi buah ide tim Process Plant Maintenance yang mampu menghemat waktu dan tenaga. Ada cerita menarik di luar jadwal yang ketat dan banyaknya titiktitik perbaikan di proyek Major Shut Down Q2-2014 ini, yakni modifikasi komponen furnace hasil rekayasa tim Maintenance System and Engineering (MSE). Kedua komponen yang berada di furnace tersebut adalah modifikasi Heat Shield dan Tahu Murray Hanger. Modifikasi tersebut bertujuan untuk mempermudah dan menghemat waktu ketika dilakukan perbaikan atau penggantian komponen tersebut. Heat shield merupakan pelindung panas untuk komponen-komponen penghantar listrik di ujung bawah elektroda furnace seperti contact unit dan isolator-isolator listriknya. Contact unit berguna untuk menghantarkan listrik ke elektroda untuk melebur calcine. Aktivitas peleburan calcine oleh elektroda ini menghasilkan panas

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tinggi. Akibat panas furnace tersebut menyebabkan kualitas isolator menurun dan kerap menyebabkan short circuit pada komponen elektroda. “Yang terjadi selama ini, kalau terjadi short circuit yang kena adalah komponen-komponen di sekitar contact unit bahkan terkadang juga merusak contact unit itu sendiri,” ujar Manager Mechanical & Civil Process Plant & Utilities Engineering Zainuddin. Persoalannya muncul ketika aktivitas penggantian komponen tersebut. Pasalnya komponen-komponen tersebut dikunci baut dan tertutup oleh heat shield yang berat dan besar. Untuk membukanya membutuhkan banyak orang dan alat angkat. “Ide modifikasinya adalah melepas heat shield lebih mudah dan praktis. Karena durasi pengerjaannya selama ini bisa mencapai delapan jam untuk satu lokasi. Padahal terkadang titik kerusakan berada di beberapa lokasi,” tambah Zainuddin.

K INER J A

Hasilnya adalah dengan memodifikasi heat shield menjadi dua bagian, yakni atas dan bawah. Jadi untuk membukanya tidak perlu mencopot seluruh baut dan mengangkat ”cangkang” elektroda yang berat. ”Sekarang bisa dilakukan satu sampai dua orang saja. Durasinya hanya dua jam. Dari angka penghematan waktu pengerjaan mencapai 6 jam tersebut, bisa saving 3.838 dollar AS setiap jamnya,” ujar Zainuddin. Modifikasi heat shield ini telah diaplikasikan di shut down Furnace 3. Desainnya juga akan diadopsi pada Project Furnace Rebuild kelak. Selain itu juga dilakukan modifikasi Tahu Murray Hanger yang merupakan bagian dari furnace. Tahu Murray adalah ujung bawah feed tubes yang mengalami paparan panas langsung dari furnace. Feed tubes merupakan saluran untuk mengalirkan calcine dari penampung (bin) calcine ke dalam furnace. Posisi bin tersebut sebelumnya ditopang oleh pipa kaku sehingga untuk penggantian Tahu Murray butuh alat angkat seperti chainblock. Sebab, posisi Tahu Murray tersebut juga harus lurus dan stabil ketika dipasang. ”Kesulitannya adalah meng-adjust komponen tersebut sebelum dikunci dan dilas. Dibutuhkan adjustment dalam tiga sumbu pergerakan. Sedangkan tiap furnace ada 27 Tahu Murray yang harus dipasang dan satu bagian menghabiskan waktu tujuh jam selama ini,” ujar Zainuddin. Modifikasi bagian ini adalah berupa desain ulang hanger Tahu Murray agar lebih fleksibel dan adjustable. Bagian penopangnya yang semula berupa pipa kaku diganti dengan menggunakan kombinasi pin, baut, mur dan slot yang dapat bergerak ke semua arah. ”Dengan modifikasi ini, memasangnya tinggal digeser-geser untuk mendapatkan posisi yang paling pas sebelum dikunci,” ujar Zainuddin. Modifikasi ini mampu memeras waktu pengerjaan dari semula tujuh jam menjadi 2,6 jam dan telah diaplikasikan di shut down Furnace 3 dan Furnace 4.

Modifikasi heat shield di Furnace 2.

Kesuksesan proyek modifikasi ini tidak terlepas dari kerjasama dan komunikasi yang terjalin baik antara Maintenance System & Engineering, Process Plant Maintenance, Support Services dan pihak eksekutor mengenai kendala yang dihadapi di lapangan, kebutuhan operasi dan perawatan furnace.

Modifikasi Yoke Yang terakhir adalah Yoke, yang merupakan komponen elektroda furnace yang berfungsi sebagai tempat untuk pemegang elektroda (slipping device). Yoke, slipping device, dan elektroda ini ditopang oleh silinder hidrolik hoisting yang mengatur naik-turunnya elektroda agar busur listrik yang dihasilkan untuk melebur calcine optimal. Seperti komponen mesin lainnya, silinder hidrolik hoisting juga secara berkala perlu dirawat atau diganti jika komponennya sudah aus. Untuk melakukan penggantian, elektoda harus diposisikan di ketinggian tertentu agar silinder hidrolik bisa dilepas. Hal ini membuat beberapa pekerjaan perbaikan komponen elektroda furnace terganggu karena pekerjaan tersebut pun membutuhkan elektroda harus di ketinggian yang berbeda. Sehingga pekerjaan penggantian silinder hidrolik dan perbaikan komponen elektroda furnace membutuhkan durasi shutdown lebih lama karena harus dilakukan secara serial. Modifikasi yang dilakukan adalah perubahan pada sambungan yoke dari sambungan las menjadi sambungan baut dan mur. Modifikasi ini akan memudahkan penggantian silinder hidrolik hoisting karena bisa dilakukan di posisi elektroda manapun. Modifikasi ini akan menekan durasi shut down yang sebelumnya 30 jam setiap furnace menjadi hanya 10 jam atau mampu menghilangkan loss production senilai 34.800 dollar AS ketika penggantian silinder hidrolik hoisting dilakukan bersamaan dengan perbaikan komponen elektroda furnace. Modifikasi ini telah diaplikasikan di furnace 2, furnace 3, furnace 4 dan akan diadopsi oleh proyek Furnace 1 Rebuild. []

Desain ulang hanger Tahu Murray di Furnace 3 dan Furnace 4.


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Studying Furnace Components to Create Flexibility Three modifications made by the Process Plant Maintenance team are a time and energy-saver.

There is an interesting story outside the strict schedules and mountains of maintenance works involved in the Major Shut Down project of Q2-2014. This story is about the modification of furnace components by the Maintenance System and Engineering (MSE) team. The components of the furnace that were modified were the Tahu Murray heat shield and hanger. The modifications were made to make repairs or component replacement works easier and faster. The heat shield protects electrically conductive components at the bottom of the furnace electrode – such as the contact unit and electric isolator – against heat. The contact unit is used to deliver electricity to electrodes in calcine smelting. The calcine smelting by electrodes results in high heat. The hot furnace reduces the quality of the isolator and causes the electrode component to short circuit. “What currently happens is that when short circuits occur, the components around the contact unit are affected, and often the contact unit itself can be damaged,” said Zainuddin, the Mechanical & Civil Process Plant & Utilities Engineering Manager.

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Problems arise when the component is replaced. The components are locked and bolted down and covered by the big, heavy heat shield. Opening the shield requires many people and various lifting tools. “The idea is to take off the heat shield to make it easier and more practical, as the time it takes to do the job can be as long as eight hours at one location – and sometimes the damages are at several locations,” Zainuddin added. The team modified the heat shield by making it into two parts: top and bottom. That way, when the shield had to be opened, it was no longer necessary to unlock all the bolts and lift the heavy electrode shell. “Now it can be done by two people in just two hours. This is a time-savings of 6 hours, and up to $3,838 per hour,” Zainuddin said. The modified heat shield has been applied in the Furnace 3 shut down program. The design will also be adopted for future Furnace Rebuild projects. Modifications have also been made to the Tahu Murray hanger, which is a part of the furnace. Located at the bottom end of feed tubes, the Tahu Murray is directly affected by heat from the furnace. Calcine from the bin is channeled through the feed tubes into the furnace. Previously the bin was supported by a stiff pipe which meant that a lifting device, such as a chain block, was required when changing the Tahu Murray, as it was important to keep the Tahu Murray in a straight and stable position when installed. “The problem was adjusting the component before it was locked and welded. Adjustments were needed in the three axis of movement. Meanwhile each furnace had 27 Tahu Murray to be installed, each requiring seven hours to do,” Zainuddin said. Modifications to these parts came in the form of a redesign of the Tahu Murray hanger, making it more flexible and adjustable. The support component, which originally consisted of a stiff pipe, was replaced with a combination of pins, nuts, bolts and slots that allowed movements in all directions. “This means that installation now involves just adjusting and sliding the part into place, then locking it when it is in the desired position,” said Zainuddin. This modification has cut down the time to do the job from 7 hours to 2.6 hours and has been applied to the Furnace 3 and Furnace 4 shut down project.

(Center and right photos) Heat shield modification at Furnace 2.

The team’s success in the modification project was due to good cooperation and communication between the Maintenance System & Engineering, Process Plant Maintenance and Support Services personnel.

Yoke Modification The final modification was made to the yoke, which is an electrode component of the furnace that holds the electrode’s slipping device. The yoke, slipping device and electrode are supported by a hydraulic hoist cylinder that controls the rise and fall of the electrode, so the electricity created for calcine smelting is optimal. As with other machine components, the hydraulic hoist cylinder needs regular maintenance, or replacing, when it is worn down. To make a replacement, the electrode must be positioned at a certain height so the hydraulic cylinder can be removed. This disrupts the repair works being done on some of the furnace’s other electrode components because those works require the electrodes to be at a different height. This means the replacement of hydraulic cylinders and repairs to the furnace’s electrode components require a long shutdown period because they need to be done in succession. The modification that was done involved changing the joint on the yoke from a welded connection to a nut-and-bolt connection. This made it easier to change the hydraulic hoist cylinder because it could be done regardless of the electrode’s position. This modification reduced the shutdown period from 30 hours for each furnace to just 10 hours, and eliminated $34,000 in potential production losses when the hydraulic hoist cylinder replacement and the furnace’s electrode component repairs could be performed simultaneously. The modification has been applied at Furnace 2, Furnace 3, and Furnace 4 and will be adopted at the Furnace 1 Rebuild project.


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K I NE R J A

Dari Jaket Isolator hingga Spacer di Pan Track Dryer Dua kreativitas sederhana dan praktis untuk nihilkan delay di Process Plant. Thomas Edison, penemu bohlam lampu, perlu ribuan kali mengalami kegagalan hingga akhirnya berhasil menyempurnakan temuannya itu. Semangat itu yang mungkin menginspirasi Tim Improvement Surge Bin dan Apron Feeder untuk menekan delay, sekaligus meningkatkan kinerja Process Plant. Mereka membuat terobosan dengan ide-ide sederhana dan praktis untuk diaplikasikan. Di area Kiln Discharge, misalnya. Pneumatic Cylinder Surge Bin Gate seringkali macet dan mengakibatkan aliran calcine dari Kiln ke kontainer yang akan diangkut ke Furnace menjadi terganggu. Setelah dianalisa, Tim Improvement Surge Bin yang terdiri dari enam orang – Muhammad Azis, Harahap Rasyid, Devi Duma, Tamir, Matius Jhoni Tappi, dan Mudriyanto– menemukan bahwa salah satu alasan kerap terjadinya kemacetan tersebut adalah rapuhnya seal dari pneumatic cylinder karena terpapar temperatur tinggi sehingga sering terjadi kebocoran. Dengan penemuan akar masalah ini, tim mendapatkan gagasan untuk memasangkan jaket isolator untuk melindungi pneumatic cylinder di area Surge Bin. Hal yang sama juga diaplikasikan untuk pneumatic cylinder di tilting launder di furnace. Di luar itu, tim improvement Surge Bin Gate juga mengajukan improvement dengan memasang tombol emergency yang berfungsi untuk menghentikan tumpahan calcine dengan cepat dari surge bin jika terjadi.

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Tim Improvement Apron Feeder yang terdiri dari Bayu Maulana, Daniel Sile, Polii Amerigo, Faisal AM, dan Kriswandi memberikan contoh lainnya di mana sesuatu yang sederhana dan praktis dapat membuahkan hasil yang besar. Solusi yang mereka ajukan dapat mengatasi masalah rentannya baut di pan-track Dryer 3. Setelah melakukan analisa akar permasalahan, tim menemukan bahwa baut-baut pan-track cepat rusak karena diameter dari sebagian lubang baut pantrack lebih besar daripada baut yang digunakan dan mengakibatkan terjadinya beban tumbukan pada baut tersebut. Beban tumbukan ini menyebabkan bahan pada baut kelelahan dan akhirnya dapat membuatnya patah. Sewaktu tim mengalami kesulitan karena pabrik pembuat pan-track tidak bersedia memodifikasi lubang baut, mereka mendapatkan ide untuk menambahkan spacer antara baut dan lubangnya untuk menghilangkan jarak antara keduanya. Solusi yang sangat mudah dan murah meriah untuk diaplikasikan ini berhasil menyelesaikan permasalahan bolt di pan-track Dryer 3. Solusi-solusi ini memang sederhana namun dapat memberikan hasil yang memuaskan. Andi Suntoro, SGM Utilities and Maintenance, berpesan, ”Kita tidak seharusnya takut un-tuk mencoba hal-hal baru. Jangan takut dengan kegagalan saat mencoba ide-ide baru karena ini akan menjadi pembe-lajaran yang membawa kita semakin dekat ke solusi yang tepat.” []

K INER J A

Modifikasi pan track di Dryer 3 berperan dalam menihilkan delay di Process Plant.


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K ERFO P I NE R JRAM A N C E

From Isolator Jacket to Spacers in Pan Track Dryer Two simple and practical creations to eliminate delays at Process Plant.

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P ERFOR MANC E

Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb, had to experience thousands of failures before finally perfecting his invention. His zeal is perhaps what inspired the Surge Bin and Apron Feeder Improvement Team to reduce delays and improve the performance at Process Plant. They made breakthroughs with their simple ideas that were practical to apply. Take the Kiln Discharge area, for example. The pneumatic cylinder surge bin gate was often stuck, causing disruptions to the calcine flowing from the kiln to the container used for the furnace. After analyzing the situation, the Surge Bin Improvement Team – consisting of Muhammad Azis, Harahap Rasyid, Devi Duma, Tamir, Matius Jhoni Tappi and Mudriyanto – discovered that the source of the blockage was the pneumatic cylinder’s weak seal caused by high temperatures that subsequently led to leakages. The discovery of the root cause of the problem inspired the team to apply an isolator jacket to protect the pneumatic cylinders in the surge bin area and in the furnace’s tilting launder. The Surge Bin Gate Improvement Team also made improvements by installing an emergency button to quickly stop calcine spilling from surge bins.

Meanwhile, the Apron Feeder Improvement Team – consisting of Bayu Maulana, Daniel Sile, Polii Amerigo, Faisal AM and Kriswandi – demonstrated how a simple and practical solution can bring big results. The solution offered by this team solved the problem of the weak bolts in the pan-track of Dryer 3. After a thorough analysis of the problem, the team discovered that the bolts on the pan-track broke easily because the diameter of some of the bolt holes on the pan-track were bigger than the bolts being used, therefore impacting the bolts. It was these impacts that wore down the material on the bolts and caused them to break. Because the pan-track manufacturer refused to modify the bolt holes, the team came up with the idea of adding spacers between the bolts and the holes, therefore removing the distance between the two. This easy, extremely cheap and applicable solution eliminated the problem at Dryer 3’s pantrack. These solutions are indeed very simple, but they bring satisfying results. Andi Suntoro, Utilities and Maintenance SGM said, “We shouldn’t be afraid of trying new things. Don’t be scared of failure when trying new things because each failure is a lesson that brings us closer to the right solution.” []


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K I NE R J A

Antena Merah, Pembaca Cuaca Otomatis Nilai proyek AWOS Bandara Sorowako mencapai 600 ribu dollar AS. Kalau Anda sedang berjalan ke arah barat Bandara Sorowako, Anda pasti melihat sebuah alat baru terpasang. Bentuknya mirip rangkaian antena. Posisinya hanya berbatasan dengan pagar pengaman bandara dengan jogging track. Warna tiang-tiangnya merah dan konfigurasinya sederhana. Alat itu bernama AWOS (automated weather observation system) atau instrumen otomatis pemantau cuaca. Dimaksudkan untuk melengkapi sistem keselamatan operasi penerbangan Bandara Sorowako. Tidak seperti alat pemantau cuaca sebelumnya yang bersifat semi manualotomatis, AWOS bekerja full computerized. Fitur pembacaan cuacanya juga jauh lebih kaya. Mulai dari arah dan kecepatan angin, jarak pandang, kondisi dan ceilometer (pembaca ketinggian awan), temperatur, dew point, altimeter (ketinggian dari permukaan laut), aerodrome pressure (tekanan dari ketinggian), visibilitas, hingga potensi badai. Informasi tersebut kemudian disampaikan dari ATC (air traffic control) ke pesawat yang ingin take off atau landing. “Sedangkan alat sebelumnya yang dipakai Bandara Sorowako hanya bisa membaca temperatur udara, kecepatan, dan arah angin,” ujar Sidransyah Yusri, GM General Facilities & Services (GFS).

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K INER J A

Petugas di air traffic control room Bandara Sorowako memantau informasi dari perangkat AWOS.

AWOS memang salah satu instrumen wajib dalam operasionalisasi bandara. Alat yang teknologinya berhasil disempurnakan pada 2004 ini, dipakai hampir di seluruh bandara udara di dunia. Di Indonesia, Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG), juga telah memasang lebih dari 70 AWOS di beberapa titik di kota-kota besar untuk keperluan klimatologi. BMKG juga merekomendasikan kepada operator bandara seperti Angkasa Pura dan operator swasta lainnya untuk memasang AWOS sesuai standar penerbangan, termasuk kepada PT Vale selaku pengelola Bandara Sorowako melalui GFS. Pada 2012 GFS mengajukan proposal untuk pembangunan AWOS. ”Pada awal 2013 proyek kemudian dimulai. Desain infrastruktur selama tiga bulan dan pembangunan selama empat bulan,” ujar Akhmad Khanif Khaidir, Project Manager. Proyek ini menelan anggaran hingga 600 ribu dollar AS. Untuk instrumen AWOS, PT Vale menggandeng vendor berpengalaman di teknologi AWOS, yakni Vaisala, manufaktur teknologi bandara asal Finlandia. ”Di Indonesia, selain di Sorowako, Vaisala juga memasang AWOS untuk Biak (Bandara Frans Kaisiepo) dan Merauke (Bandara Mopah),” ujar Mika Huhmarniemi, Field Services Engineer Vaisala. Di luar negeri, Vaisala memasang untuk proyek serupa di Hong Kong, Hawaii, hingga Peru.

Tipe yang Digunakan Tipe peralatan yang dipasang di Bandara Sorowako adalah AWOS III T dengan fitur seperti telah disebutkan. AWOS ini telah dikalibrasi dan disertifikasi oleh BMKG. “Cuaca di Sorowako, dalam pemantauan kami selama pemasangan instrumen cukup dinamis. AWOS akan sangat membantu membaca kondisi, sehingga informasi cuaca terkini lebih akurat dan mendukung penerbangan yang aman,” ujar Mika. Hal senada diamini Sidransyah Yusri. “Selama ini pilot pesawat Sorowako kalau mau terbang dan mendarat istilahnya hanya meraba-raba kondisi cuaca. Namun dengan alat ini, informasi cuaca lebih komprehensif dan akurat,” ujar dia. Selain pemasangan alat, digelar pelatihan pengoperasian dan perawatan AWOS oleh Vaisala kepada kru Bandara Sorowako seperti operator dan perawatan (GFS), instrumen (support services), server network (IT), dan engineering. AWOS dilengkapi berbagai alat seperti sensor, RTU (remote terminal unit), komputer, unit LED display yang perlu pelatihan khusus untuk membaca dan mengoperasikannya. []


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The Red Antenna, an Automatic Weather Reader The Sorowako Airport AWOS project amounts to $600,000.

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P ERFOR MANC E

AWOS Project team posed with Vaisala consultant and Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) personnels.

If you happen to be walking west of the Sorowako Airport, you will see that a new piece of equipment has been installed. It looks like a series of antennas with red poles positioned in a simple configuration near the airport fence that runs alongside the jogging track. This equipment is in fact an automated weather observation system (AWOS) used to complement Sorowako Airport’s operational safety system. Unlike the previous weather monitoring system which ran semiautomatically, the AWOS is fully computerized. The features of its weather readings are also much more complex, measuring wind speed and direction, air temperature, dew point, visibility and aerodrome pressure (pressure from height). It functions as a ceilometer (measuring cloud base conditions), an altimeter (height above sea level) and provides information on potential storms. The data is then sent from the air traffic control (ATC) to aircraft intending to take off or land. “The equipment previously used at Sorowako Airport was only able to provide data on air temperature, wind speed and wind direction,” said Sidransyah Yusri, General Facilities & Services (GFS) GM. AWOS is in fact a mandatory requirement for airport operations. Developed in 2004 to its current advanced technology, the equipment is used by almost all of the world’s airports. In Indonesia, the Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) has installed more than 70 AWOS units in various cities for climatology monitoring purposes. The agency has also recommended that airport operators such as Angkasa Pura and private operators install the AWOS as required by aviation standards; the agency has also recommended this to PT Vale, as manager of Sorowako Airport through the GFS. In 2012 GFS submitted a proposal to develop AWOS. “The project started in

early 2013. It took three months to design the infrastructure and four months for the construction,” said Project Manager Akhmad Khanif Khaidir. The project cost up to $600,000. To install its AWOS unit, PT Vale partnered with Finland-based Vaisala, an experienced AWOS vendor and manufacturer of airport technology. “Apart from Sorowako, Vaisala has also installed AWOS units in Biak (Frans Kaisiepo Airport) and Merauke (Mopah Airport),” said Mika Huhmarniemi, Vaisala’s Field Services Engineer. Outside Indonesia, Vaisala has installed the system in Hong Kong, Hawaii and Peru.

Type Used The type of equipment used in Sorowako Airport is the AWOS III T with the features mentioned above. This AWOS has been calibrated and certified by BMKG. “According to observations made since the equipment was installed, the weather in Sorowako is quite dynamic. The AWOS will greatly assist in reading conditions, making current weather information more accurate and ensuring a safe flight,” said Mika. Sidransyah Yusri agrees. “In the past, pilots flying in and out of Sorowako could only ‘feel’ their way through weather conditions. With this equipment, weather information will be more comprehensive and accurate,” he said. Apart from installing the units, Vaisala conducted training sessions on operating and maintaining the AWOS for Sorowako Airport crew including operators and maintenance staff as well as those working in support services, server network and engineering. The AWOS is equipped with various sensors, a remote terminal unit, a computer and an LED display requiring specialized training to read and operate. [] Ed i si J uni 2014 I H alo Val e

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I NTE R A K S I

Persaingan Sehat Para Penerima Beasiswa Komunitas Sebelum mendapat beasiswa, para kandidat melalui serangkaian seleksi ketat. Selain memberikan beasiswa kepada anak karyawan, PT Vale juga memberi bantuan dana pendidikan kepada masyarakat dalam program beasiswa komunitas. Sejak digulirkan pada 2006, program tersebut telah menyentuh 1.470 pelajar dari jenjang SD hingga S2. Namun sejak 2013, skema pemberian beasiswa berubah. PT Vale bersama Pemkab Lutim sepakat untuk memprioritaskan beasiswa bagi mahasiswa program Diploma, S1, S2, S3, dan spesialisasi kedokteran. Alasannya, biaya pendidikan bagi siswa SD hingga SMA sudah digratiskan oleh Pemerintah Daerah. Maka PT Vale ambil peran untuk membantu pelajar di tingkat perguruan tinggi. Direktur Communications & External Affairs Basrie Kamba mengatakan, “Melalui program beasiswa ini, Perusahaan ingin berkontribusi menciptakan SDM yang andal dan mampu bersaing di era globalisasi.” Sementara GM Community Relation PT Vale Busman Dahlan Shirat menegaskan bahwa konsep beasiswa bukanlah membagi-bagikan uang. Pemberian beasiswa akan mendukung akses pendidikan yang lebih baik, dengan harapan masyarakat bisa lebih mandiri dengan bekal ilmu yang dia miliki. Penyaluran beasiswa komunitas menjadi bagian dari rencana pengelolaan sosial dan Program Terpadu Pengembangan Masyarakat (PTPM). Program beasiswa ditujukan bagi mahasiswa berprestasi tapi tidak mampu dari segi ekonomi, dan bagi mahasiswa yang memiliki prestasi luar biasa tanpa memandang status ekonomi.

Terobosan Setiap pelajar pasti ingin mendapat beasiswa, baik untuk meringankan beban pembiayaan maupun alasan prestise. Terbukti hingga pendaftaran ditutup pada 4 November 2013, ada 889 berkas pelamar yang masuk ke Komite Beasiswa. Berkas tersebut kemudian disaring menjadi tinggal 80 kandidat. Namun ke-80 kandidat tersebut tidak serta-merta mendapat bantuan pendidikan. Masih ada tahap verifi-

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kasi lapangan yang dilakukan oleh Komite Beasiswa dan perwakilan Pemda Luwu Timur. Selama satu bulan, tim mengunjungi kandidat penerima beasiswa yang tersebar di 11 kecamatan se-Luwu Timur. Dalam verifikasi lapangan, tim mengecek semua berkas yang disertakan kandidat, mulai dari data keluarga hingga ijazah asli dan piagam prestasi. Wawancara kandidat serta melihat langsung kondisi keluarganya juga dilakukan. Verifikasi lapangan merupakan sebuah terobosan yang tidak pernah dilakukan sebelumnya dalam proses pemberian beasiswa. “Penentuan penerima beasiswa dilakukan secara cermat dan sangat transparan. Setiap kandidat dituntut memperlihatkan kualitasnya,” kata Ketua Komite Beasiswa Komunitas PT Vale Sohra Sahama. Untuk kandidat S3 dan dokter spesialis, dilakukan wawancara dan presentasi langsung di hadapan panel juri yang beranggotakan perwakilan PT Vale, Pemerintah Daerah, dan akademisi.

INTER AK SI

Kompetisi sehat Setelah melewati proses panjang, ditetapkan 47 mahasiswa sebagai penerima beasiswa komunitas PT Vale. Sidang penetapan diikuti oleh Tim Koordinasi PTPM, Komite Beasiswa PT Vale, Dinas Pendidikan Pariwisata Pemuda dan Olahraga Luwu Timur, Dewan Pendidikan Luwu Timur, Dinas Kesehatan Luwu Timur, Yayasan Pendidikan Sorowako, serta Lembaga Pengembang Kompetensi Guru Indonesia (LPKGI) Universitas Negeri Makassar. Penerima beasiswa terdiri atas 8 mahasiswa program Diploma, S1 sebanyak 30 orang, S1 Keguruan 5 orang, S2 sebanyak 3 orang, dan 1 orang dari jenjang S3. Penyerahan beasiswa secara simbolis dilakukan di Aula Sasana Praja Kantor Bupati Luwu Timur, pertengahan April 2014. Acara tersebut disaksikan langsung oleh Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Luwu Timur, perwakilan manajemen PT Vale, Kepala Dinas Pendidikan Pariwisata Pemuda dan Olahraga, kepala kecamatan di wilayah terdampak operasi PT Vale, BPMPD dan instansi pemerintahan yang terkait, serta orang tua penerima beasiswa.

Bupati Luwu Timur Andi Hatta Marakarma mengatakan, program beasiswa yang dilaksanakan PT Vale merupakan langkah yang perlu mendapatkan apresiasi. “Pendidikan adalah investasi jangka panjang dan merupakan pintu awal menghasilkan SDM yang berkualitas,” katanya. Dia merasa senang dan bangga melihat puluhan mahasiswa dari jenjang Diploma hingga S3 berkumpul di Luwu Timur. “Inilah bukti, jika di Luwu Timur kita memiliki anak-anak yang mampu untuk bersaing di kancah lebih luas,” lanjutnya. Salah seorang penerima beasiswa, Muhammad Chaerul, kandidat Program Doktoral Teknik Sipil Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar mengatakan, seleksi ketat bagi penerima beasiswa yang dilakukan oleh PT Vale bersama Pemerintah Daerah adalah langkah yang tepat karena telah menciptakan kompetisi yang sehat dan membuat setiap kandidat mempersiapkan diri. “Saya tahu bahwa saya akan bersaing dengan banyak kandidat. Untuk itu, saya mempersiapkan diri dengan membuat esai dan membaca referensi hingga 30-an jurnal internasional dan nasional. Seleksi ini memberi semangat dan saya bangga bisa melaluinya,” katanya. []


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INTER AC T I O N

Healthy Competition among Community Scholarship Recipients

Apart from awarding scholarships to employees’ children, PT Vale also provides education funding to community members through a community scholarship program. Since its launch in 2006, the program has benefited 1,470 students from primary school to postgraduate (master’s or S2) level. Since 2013, the granting of community scholarships has changed. PT Vale in conjunction with the Luwu Timur regional government has agreed to prioritize scholarships for students pursuing university Diplomas, Bachelor’s (S1), Master’s (S2) and Doctoral (S3) degrees as well as those specializing in medicine. This is because the regional government already provides free education for primary (SD) to senior high school (SMA) students. PT Vale’s role is therefore to support tertiary-level students. Communications & External Affairs Director Basrie Kamba said, “Through this scholarship program, the company would like to make a contribution to the development of reliable human resources who can compete in this era of globalization.” Meanwhile, PT Vale’s Community Relations GM Busman Dahlan Shirat asserted that scholarships were not simply about doling out money. Providing scholarships meant opening access to better education, so community members could become more self-sufficient after they had gained new knowledge.

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The granting of community scholarships is part of the Community Development Integrated Program (PTPM). The scholarships are aimed at high-achieving students from low economic backgrounds and at students demonstrating extraordinary achievements regardless of their economic background.

Breakthroughs Every student wants to receive a scholarship, whether it is to help with fee payments or to be used as a sign of prestige. When registrations closed on 4 November 2013, 889 forms had been received from candidates by the Scholarship Committee. The documents were then selected, and the list cut down to 80 candidates. But this did not mean these 80 people were then granted scholarships. A field verification stage was next, conducted by the Scholarship Committee and a representative from the Luwu Timur regional government. For one month, the team visited the potential recipients who lived across 11 subdistricts in Luwu Timur. During the verification process, the team checked all the documents provided by the candidates – from family records and original school certificates to letters of achievement. The team conducted interviews with candidates and visited their families. This form of verification is a breakthrough; it has never been done before as a prerequisite to the granting of a scholarship. “The process of determining scholarship recipients was meticulous and very transparent,” said Head of PT Vale’s Community Scholarship Committee, Sohra Sahama. Candidates applying for

IN TER AC TION

Candidates go through a strict selection process.

S3 and medicine specialist scholarships were interviewed and required to make a representation for a panel of jurors consisting of representatives from PT Vale, the regional government and academics.

Healthy Competition After passing through this long process, 47 tertiary students were declared recipients of PT Vale’s community scholarship. The awarding ceremony was attended by the PTPM Coordinating Team; PT Vale’s Scholarship Committee; Luwu Timur Regency Office for Education, Culture, Tourism, Youth and Sport; Luwu Timur Education Council; Luwu Timur Health Office; Sorowako Educational Foundation; and Universitas Negeri Makassar’s Indonesian Teacher Competency Development Body (LPKGI). The recipients of the scholarship consisted of 8 Diploma students, 30 S1-students, 5 S1teacher training students, 3 S2-students and 1 S3-student. The symbolic presentation of the scholarships was conducted at the Sasana Praja Hall of the Luwu Timur Regent’s office in mid-April 2014. The ceremony was attended by Luwu Timur Regent and Deputy Regent; representatives from PT Vale’s management; Head of the Luwu Timur Regency Office for Education, Culture, Tourism, Youth and Sport; heads of subdistricts impacted by PT Vale’s operations; members of the Village Governance and Community

Empowerment Agency (BPMPD); personnel from related government offices; and parents of scholarship recipients. Luwu Timur Regent Andi Hatta Marakarma said PT Vale’s scholarship program was a positive step that was worth appreciating. “Education is a long term investment and is the first step towards creating good quality human resources,” he said. He felt happy and proud to see dozens of tertiary level students from Diploma to S3-level gathered in Luwu Timur. “This is proof that we have young people in Luwu Timur who are capable of competing at a wider scale,” he added. Scholarship recipient Muhammad Chaerul, a doctoral candidate in Civil Engineering at Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar, said the strict selection process conducted by PT Vale and the regional government was good because it created a healthy competition and pushed candidates to prepare themselves well. “I knew that I would have a lot of competition. For this reason, I prepared myself by writing an essay and reading references, which included about 30 international and national journals. Being selected gives me a lot of encouragement and I am proud to have passed,” he said. []


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I NTE R A K S I

Anak Ceria, Kebanggaan Orangtua Pentas tahunan siswa-siswi TK YPS yang semarak dan penuh suka-cita. Melihat anak-anak mencapai prestasi akademik yang memuaskan tentu menjadi kebanggaan setiap orangtua. Namun melihat anak-anak tumbuh menjadi pribadi yang cerdas sekaligus bahagia adalah sebuah suka-cita yang tak bisa diwakili oleh kata-kata. Seperti yang tampak pagi itu, Kamis, 8 Mei 2014, di gedung pertemuan Ontaeluwu, Sorowako. Suasana begitu semarak. Ratusan anak memamerkan kelincahan dan kemahirannya dalam membawakan aneka jenis tari-tarian dan permainan alat musik di depan orangtua. Mereka mengenakan kostum cantik warna-warni, hiasan yang tersemat di kepala, serta riasan wajah yang membuat anak-anak TK A dan TK B itu makin menggemaskan. Pentas “Happy Kids”, begitu mereka menyebutnya, adalah pagelaran tahunan TK YPS yang kali ini berkolaborasi dengan Singkole International School. Di awal Mei setiap tahun, para murid TK menampilkan apa yang mereka pelajari dalam kegiatan ekstrakulikuler di sekolah. Tahun ini, “Happy Kids” yang memasuki gelaran ke-10 mengambil tema “Hebat Aksiku, Ceriakan Duniaku”.

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Ha l o Va l e I Ed isi Jun Apr iil 2014 2014

“Semua orang, terutama orangtua murid, pasti ingin melihat anak bertumbuh-kembang secara holistik. Tidak hanya cakap dalam bidang akademik, melainkan punya kemampuan di bidang lain, misalnya seni. Pagelaran ini selain menjadi semacam laporan bagi orangtua seputar kegiatan ekstrakulikuler, juga merupakan momentum untuk menunjukkan kemampuan para siswa dan menanamkan nilai-nilai moral yang lain,” kata Farida Anggraeni, Kepala Sekolah TK YPS. Nilai moral yang dimaksud Farida antara lain adalah kepercayaan diri. Tidak mudah bagi seorang anak berusia 5 tahun untuk tampil di hadapan ratusan teman dan orang dewasa. Tapi nyatanya, mereka begitu antusias menari atau memainkan alat musik, dan tak seorangpun mogok tampil karena alasan demam panggung.

Persiapan Matang Guru-guru dan orangtua memegang peran penting dalam keberhasilan pentas “Happy Kids”. Sejak November tahun lalu, guru mengadakan latihan mingguan di dalam kelas.

INTER AK SI

Sekolah tidak mendatangkan instruktur tari profesional sehingga murid-murid murni dilatih oleh guru mereka. Sebelum melatih siswanya, guru terlebih dulu berlatih sendiri. “Ada guru kami yang memang bisa menari, jadi dia menularkan ilmunya,” kata Farida. Selain itu, beberapa guru juga belajar otodidak dari tutorial menari di internet. Ternyata selain siswa, guru juga mendapat keterampilan baru dan kesempatan belajar dari ajang ini. Persiapan yang sudah dimulai siswa dan guru sejak enam bulan ke belakang itu berbanding lurus dengan dukungan orangtua. Selain dukungan dana untuk pembuatan kostum, orangtua juga meluangkan waktu untuk melihat penampilan anak-anak mereka. Tentu sebuah kebanggaan bagi anak ketika resital mereka ditonton oleh ayah dan ibunya. Sepanjang pertunjukan, orangtua sibuk mengabadikan momenmomen berharga buah hati mereka melalui bidikan kamera. Sesi latihan yang panjang, jerih-payah guru dan siswa, dan dukungan penuh orangtua membuahkan hasil yang memuaskan. Sebanyak 12 tari dan satu pertunjukan alat musik ditampilkan dalam pentas berdurasi dua jam tersebut. Ada senam irama, tari Yamko Rambe Yamko, gerak dan lagu, balet untuk TK A dan TK B, tari India, modern dance, tari kipas,

modern dance khusus anak laki-laki, tari Bali, tari Toraja, dan pertunjukan angklung. Di akhir acara, guru-guru ikut tampil menghibur audiens dengan goyang morena dan goyang ala Soimah yang sedang hits saat ini. Keceriaanpun memuncak. Memadukan budaya asli Indonesia dan budaya luar menjadi salah satu poin “Happy Kids”. “Kami di sekolah memperkenalkan kesenian Indonesia dengan harapan murid-murid bisa mencintai dan melestarikan kekayaan bangsanya. Tapi kami juga tidak bisa membentengi anak dari budaya luar. Tidak bisa dipungkiri, mereka suka sekali menari balet atau mendengarkan lagu-lagu rap. Itu tidak masalah. Yang penting, kita serap hal-hal positif dari masing-masing budaya,” kata Farida yang juga menyampaikan tahun ini adalah pentas terakhir yang dia kawal karena Oktober mendatang dia sudah pensiun sebagai kepala sekolah TK YPS. Dia berharap pentas “Happy Kids” tetap lestari bahkan semakin semarak di tahun-tahun mendatang. Selama dua jam, para siswa TK mementaskan tari-tarian dan permainan alat musik dengan gembira. Selama itu juga, orangtua dan guru diselimuti rasa bangga dan suka-cita yang, sekali lagi, tak dapat diungkapkan dengan kata-kata. []


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INTER AC T I O N

Happy Children, The Pride and Joy of Parents The annual performance of YPS Preschool was lively and full of joy. Watching children achieve academic success no doubt brings pride to every parent. But watching them grow up to become smart and happy young people brings joy that words cannot describe. This was apparent on the morning of 8 May 2014 at the Ontaeluwu Meeting Hall in Sorowako. The atmosphere was extremely lively. Hundreds of lower preschool (TK A) and upper preschool (TK B) children showed off their agility and skill at performing dances and playing various musical instruments to an audience consisting of parents and families. Dressed in colorful outfits, adorned with headdresses and other decorations, their faces made up, the children were an epitome of happiness. The performance was, after all, called “Happy Kids” and it was an annual affair held by YPS Preschool (TK YPS). This time, the performance was held in collaboration with Singkole International School. Each year in early May, the preschool children give a performance of the extra-curricular activities learned at

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school. This year the theme for the “Happy Kids” performance, which is entering its tenth year, is “My Wonderful Actions, Brighten My World.” “Everyone, especially parents, want to see their children grow up and develop holistically – not just in academic areas, but in other fields as well, such as art. This performance is like a report to parents on their children’s extracurricular learning. It also gives children a chance show off their capabilities and instill other moral values,” said TK YPS Principal, Farida Anggraeni. Moral values, Farida talks about them as self-confidence. It is not easy for a 5-year-old to perform in front of hundreds of friends and adults, but that day, they were enthusiastically dancing and playing music for the audience; not a single child had stage fright or backed out of the performance.

IN TER AC TION

Thorough Preparation Teachers and parents played an important role in the success of “Happy Kids”. Since November last year, teachers have conducted weekly practices in classrooms. The school did not use the services of a professional instructor and it was up to the teachers to train their students. Before training the students, teachers had to do their own practice. “We have a teacher who can dance, so she provided the training,” Farida said. Some teachers were autodidacts and sought out dancing tutorials on the Internet. Learning to dance, then, was an experience not only for students but for teachers as well. The support of parents was also valuable. Apart from financial support for making the costumes, parents also set aside time to watch their children perform. Children no doubt felt proud at being able to perform for their mothers and fathers. Throughout the performance, the parents were busy capturing the moment on their cameras. The long training sessions, the hard work of teachers and students and the support from parents produced satisfying results. The two-hour long event featured 12 dances and 1 instrumental show. These included a rhythmic exercise

routine, the Yamko Rambe Yamko dance, a song-and-dance routine and a lower- and upper-preschool ballet routine. There was a fan dance as well as Indian, modern, boys-only modern, Balinese, and Torajan dances. There was also an angklung music performance. At the end of the event, the teachers entertained the audience with the morena line dance and the currently popular dance a la Soimah. The audience were even more thrilled. Fusing Indonesian indigenous culture and foreign culture was a purpose of “Happy Kids”. “At this school we introduce the children to Indonesian art in the hope that they will love and continue to preserve their national heritage. But we cannot shield them from foreign cultures. It is an undeniable fact that they will love ballet or listen to rap music – that’s not a problem. What’s important is that we take the positives from each culture,” said Farida, whose term is coming to an end. Although she will retire from her leadership at TK YPS in October, she hopes that the “Happy Kids” event will continue and become even more vibrant in coming years. []


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ATMOS F E R

Nursery Malili berada di kompleks perkantoran pemerintahan Luwu timur di Puncak Indah, Malili.

Nursery untuk Luwu Timur PT Vale mendukung program rehabilitasi lahan kritis pemerintah kabupaten dengan membangun nursery atau kebun bibit.

Lahan kritis merupakan salah satu isu krusial yang menerpa Indonesia. Dalam catatan Pusat Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian tahun 2011, luas areal berstatus lahan kritis di Indonesia mencapai 30 juta hektar. Sementara laju rehabilitasi lahan per tahunnya hanya 500 ribu hektar. Situasi ini mendorong pemerintah mencanangkan ”Program Penanaman Satu Miliar Pohon” atau kerap disebut ”Program Indonesia Hijau”. Salah satu misinya adalah mendorong lebih cepat rehabilitasi lahan kritis. Pemerintah Sulawesi Selatan juga kebagian porsi tugas untuk memotori program tersebut. Kabupaten Luwu Timur ditunjuk sebagai satu dari 25 kabupaten inspirator program tersebut di Indonesia berdasarkan keputusan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup pada akhir September silam. Pada awal 2013, Pemerintah Kabupaten Luwu Timur melalui Dinas Kehutanan menerima bantuan bibit melalui Dana Alukasi Khusus (DAK) dari Kementerian Kehutanan sebanyak 50 ribu bibit untuk program penghijauan lingkungan.

PT Vale menyelenggarakan pelatihan dasar pembibitan yang diikuti oleh para staf instansi pemerintahan Luwu Timur pada awal Juni 2014.

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Guna mendukung program tersebut, PT Vale bekerja sama dengan Dinas Kehutanan Kabupaten Luwu Timur membangun kompleks pembibitan tanaman (nursery) di daerah Puncak Indah, Malili. ”Selain mendukung program penghijauan pemerintah, proyek ini merupakan tindak lanjut komitmen PT Vale terkait perizinan pembangunan PLTA Karebbe,” ujar Aris Prio Ambodo, Manager Mine Rehabilitation PT Vale.

ATMOSFER

Nursery yang ditargetkan beroperasi pada kuartal kedua 2014 ini, berdiri di areal seluas 150x 27 meter. Dilengkapi sarana dan fasilitas pembibitan tanaman seperti greenhouse, shadehouse, growing container, dan open area. Nursery ini juga dilengkapi kantor, rumah pompa, mushala, bak air, dan pos keamanan. “Tempat ini juga memiliki fasilitas pengembangbiakan tanaman secara vegetatif dan generatif dan penangkaran anggrek spesies yang ada di Luwu Timur,” tambah Aris. Proyek senilai Rp3,5 miliar ini dikerjakan oleh perusahaan kontraktor lokal, PT Putera Karebbe. Melibatkan 35 orang pekerja dan pembangunannya sejak Juli 2013. Menurut Ambo Tuo Jalil, Project Director PT Putra Karebbe, aspek kualitas dan safety menjadi prioritas dalam pengerjaan nursery, karena merupakan standar yang ditetapkan PT Vale.

Ratusan Ribu Bibit Dalam perhitungan Aris, nursery ini nantinya dapat memproduksi 200 ribu bibit per tahun dengan siklus tiga bulan. Jumlah tersebut diharapkan mampu meningkatkan pasokan untuk rehabilitasi lahan dan penghijauan di Luwu Timur. Dalam catatan Dinas Kehutanan Luwu Timur, Pemkab Luwu Timur telah merealisasi rehabilitasi lahan kritis dan kawasan berfungsi lindung seluas 550 hektar di enam kecamatan. Pemkab Luwu Timur sendiri, sejak ”Program Indonesia Hijau” dicanangkan, telah menyalurkan 500 ribu bibit untuk penghijauan dan rehabilitasi lahan kritis.

Selain dukungan pembangunan sarana, PT Vale memberikan pelatihan untuk pengelolaan areal pembibitan yang telah digelar pada 30-31 Mei 2014 silam. Peserta pelatihan berasal dari entitas pemerintahan Kabupaten Luwu Timur, seperti staf Dinas Kehutanan, Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan Lindung (KPHL) Larona-Malili, Badan Pelaksana Penyuluhan Pertanian, Perikanan, dan Kehutanan (BP4K), Bapedalda, dan Dinas Tata Ruang & Wilayah, ditambah peserta dari SMK Pertambangan Malili dan staf nursery PT Vale. Pelatihan ini merupakan salah satu rangkaian persiapan serah terima fasilitas nursery dari PT Vale kepada Pemerintah Kabupaten Luwu Timur. Selama dua hari pelatihan, peserta diberikan materi mencakup media tumbuh, tanaman, teknik perbanyakan tanaman, pembentukan dan pemeliharaan kebun pangkas untuk produksi bibit tanaman, teknik pemupukan dan penyiraman, prosedur dan pengoperasian fasilitas nursery juga pemeliharaan fasilitas. Sedangkan pemateri pelatihan berasal dari konsultan pengelolaan pusat persemaian PT Mitra Atedaselaras. Menurut Kepala Dinas Kehutanan Luwu Timur Zainuddin, berkat dukungan PT Vale mengantarkan Luwu Timur merupakan kabupaten pertama di Indonesia yang memiliki dan mengelola nursery permanen dengan fasilitas standar. []


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ATMOS F P H E RE

Nursery for Luwu Timur PT Vale supports a program to rehabilitate degraded land in the region.

Land degradation is a critical issue in Indonesia. Records from the Agricultural Research and Development Agency’s Land Research Center in 2011 show that there is up to 30 million hectares of degraded land across Indonesia; meanwhile the annual rate of rehabilitation is just 500,000 hectares. This situation prompted the government to launch the “One Billion Tree Planting Program”, more popularly known as the “Green Indonesia Program”. One of the program’s missions is to accelerate the rehabilitation of degraded land. The South Sulawesi provincial government has been given the duty of driving the program in the region. Luwu Timur Regency was appointed as one of 25 “inspirational regencies” for the nationwide program, based on a decree issued last September by the Ministry of Environment. In early 2013, the Luwu Timur Regional government through its Forestry Office received 50,000 seedlings worth of assistance from the Ministry of Forestry’s Special Allocation Funds (DAK) for use in the region’s environmental greening program. 56


ATM OSPHERE

In support of this program PT Vale, in collaboration with Luwu Timur Regency’s Forestry Office, is developing a nursery in Puncak Indah, Malili. “Besides supporting the government’s reforestation program, this project is also part of PT Vale’s commitment in connection with the permit granted for constructing the Karebbe hydropower plant,” said Aris Prio Ambodo, who is PT Vale’s Manager for Mine Rehabilitation. The nursery, which is scheduled to start operating in the second quarter of 2014, measures 150 x 27 meters. It contains greenhouses, shade houses, growing containers and open areas. The nursery also has an office, pump shed, prayer room, water tanks and security post. “There are plant breeding facilities that allow for vegetative and generative reproduction and an enclosure for endemic orchids of Luwu Timur,” Aris added. The IDR3.5 billion project, which began in July 2013, is developed by local contractor PT Putera Karebbe and involves 35 workers. PT Putra Karebbe Project Director Ambo Tuo Jalil said quality and safety are the project’s main priorities, because they are standard requirements from PT Vale.

Hundreds of Thousands of Seedlings According to Aris’ calculations, the nursery will be able to produce 200,000 seedlings a year in three-monthly cycles. This will increase the supply needed for the rehabilitation and reforestation of degraded land in Luwu Timur. According to the Luwu Timur Forestry Office, the Luwu Timur regional government has rehabilitated 550 hectares of

degraded land and protected areas in six subdistricts. Since the launch of the “Green Indonesia Program” the Luwu Timur government has provided 500,000 seedlings for reforestation and land rehabilitation. Besides helping to develop nursery facilities, PT Vale provided training for nursery management on 30-31 May 2014. Training participants consisted of Luwu Timur Regency government personnel, including staff members from the Forestry Office; the Larona-Malili Protected Forest Management Unit (KPHL); the Implementing Agency for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry Counselling (BP4K); the regency-level Environmental Impact Management Agency; the Office for Regional and Spatial Planning; Malili Vocational Senior Secondary School (SMK); and staff from PT Vale’s nursery. The training sessions were part of the preparations for handing over nursery facilities from PT Vale to the Luwu Timur regional government. The training covered growth media, planting, regeneration techniques, developing and maintaining gardens for seedling production, fertilizing and watering techniques, nursery facility operational procedures and maintenance. The trainers were nursery center management consultants from PT Mitra Atedaselaras. The Head of the Luwu Timur Forestry Office, Zainuddin, said PT Vale’s support has allowed Luwu Timur to become the first regency in Indonesia to own and maintain a permanent nursery equipped with standard facilities.

Ed Edi si i si Apr J uni i l 2014 I H alo Val e

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PROFI L

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PROFIL

Amriani

Mengolah Data Sampel Eksplorasi Data technician ibarat jembatan antara aktivitas drilling-eksplorasi, process & technology, dan mining. Di tangan mereka, informasi yang menjadi panduan tim mining mengeksekusi titik nikel terbaik berada. Ruang kerja explorasi sample house preparation di Enggano tampak senyap siang itu. Para pekerjanya seolah membisu, tenggelam dalam pekerjaannya. Yang paling terasa di bagian teknisi data. Enam orang teknisi data tampak serius dengan komputernya masing-masing. Halo Vale bertemu dengan Amriani, satu dari mereka yang dinilai berpengalaman. ”Beginilah kalau kami kerja. Diam semua karena konsentrasi,” papar wanita bersuara halus ini, tersenyum. Teknisi data merupakan petugas yang mengolah data sampel drilling eksplorasi yang dikirimkan oleh tim core preparation. Data tersebut berisi informasi lubang pengambilan sampel (hole ID), jarak antar-lubang (fraksi), hingga kandungan kimia dari setiap sampel tersebut. Juga merekam unsur kimia dari masing-masing sampel. Sedikitnya ada sembilan unsur kimia dengan nilai kandungannya yang perlu dikategorisasikan oleh seorang teknisi data. Beberapa di antaranya Fe, H2O, mangan, dan tentunya nikel. Setiap hari tim teknisi data berkejaran dengan waktu. Pasalnya suplai data mereka ditunggu bagian Process and Technology untuk dianalisis sampel dari blok eksplorasi dan titik mana yang paling baik untuk dieksekusi Departemen Mining kelak. ”Setiap hari bisa sampai ratusan data atau sekitar 10 hole ID yang masuk dan perlu kami olah,” ungkap wanita yang bekerja di PT Vale sejak tahun 2004 ini. Kata Amriani, tantangan pekerjaan ini adalah bagaimana mereka mengolah dan mengategorisasikan data sebanyak itu agar akurat dan tepat waktu. Apa kiat Amriani agar pekerjaannya berjalan semestinya? ”Konsentrasi dan ketelitian kuncinya,” ujar dia. Teknisi data bekerja dibantu sistem komputerisasi. Aplikasi komputer Macro Visual Basic, Excel, dan Lims System adalah tools mereka agar da-

ta yang disajikan detail, jernih, dan valid. Untuk menghindari terjadinya data error, mereka dikawal sistem peringatan dari ISO 9001: 2008 (quality mnagement systems) yang telah diterapkan di Sample House Enggano. Hal itu dibenarkan Absar, Manager of Exploration Sample Preparation & QAQC, rekan kerja sekaligus atasan Amriani. ”Selain kemampuan teknis komputer, mereka perlu teliti, tekun, dan sabar. Juga bekerja sesuai semangat ISO 9001:2008,” ujar dia. Pekerjaan teknisi data tidak hanya sampai di situ. Pasca-pengecekan data oleh Process and Technology berupa laporan assay data, teknisi data mesti merangkum laporan itu dalam assay data komplet, termasuk quality control-nya. Dari ratusan informasi drilling ketika masuk di awal, bisa menyusut hanya menjadi belasan atau puluhan daftar titik drilling saja yang layak dieksekusi di lapangan.

Menyukai Eksak Bagi Amriani, pekerjaannya sebagai seorang teknisi data di PT Vale merupakan suatu berkah. ”Saya sangat bersyukur bisa bekerja di Vale karena saya suka eksak, khususnya kimia dan menganalisa. Jadi pas sekali,” ujar wanita lulusan sarjana pertanian dari Universitas Hasanuddin ini. Sebelumnya, Amriani sempat bekerja sebagai kontraktor selama dua tahun (2002-2004) di area mining. ”Ketika itu Project Petea baru dibuka,” ungkap ibu yang hobi memasak dan telah dikarunia dua orang putra ini. Dari kacamata Absar, Amriani merupakan sosok pekerja yang punya komitmen bagus. ”Beliau punya keinginan untuk maju, terbuka, dan mau berbagi pengetahuan sesama rekan kerja,” tambah Absar. Amriani berharap, Vale memiliki kinerja yang semakin baik dari tahun ke tahun. ”Saya sempat mendengar kabar harga nikel yang masih belum baik. Cukup membuat khawatir sebenarnya. Tapi semoga perusahaan ini dapat bertahan dan semakin bagus kinerjanya agar bisa berbuat lebih dari saat ini kepada karyawannya,” ujar dia. []


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PROFI LE

Amriani

Processing Data from Exploration Samples Data technicians are like a bridge between drilling-exploration, processing-technology and mining activities. In their hands lie the information guiding mining teams to the best nickel around. RThe offices of the exploration sample preparation house in Enggano appeared quiet that afternoon. The staff were working silently, deep in thought. The silence was most noticeable in the data technician rooms. Six technicians were in front of their computers, seriously studying their screens. It was here that Halo Vale met Amriani, one of the more experienced technicians. “This is how we work. Everyone is quiet because we are concentrating,” the soft-spoken woman said with a smile.

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Data technicians have the job of processing data from drilling exploration samples sent in by core preparation teams. The data consists of information on sample drill holes (hole IDs), distance between the holes as well as the chemical composition and component of each sample. Data technicians must categorize at least nine chemical elements – such as Fe, H2O, manganese and nickel – and their respective quantities.

PROFILE

Each day the technicians race against time because their data is required by the Process and Technology division to be analyzed to determine at which point in which exploration block the Mining Department should carry out its tasks. “Every day we have hundreds of data, or about 10 hole IDs, that arrive to be processed,” said Amriani, who has worked for PT Vale since 2004. Amriani said the main challenge of her job was to process and categorize large amounts of data accurately and quickly. So what strategies does she use to make sure the job is done properly? “Concentration and accuracy is the key,” she said. The technicians use computerized systems for their job. Tools such as Macro Visual Basic, Excel and Lims System ensure the data they work with is valid and presented clearly and in detail. To avoid data errors, they are supervised by a warning system from the ISO 9001:2008 (quality management systems) applied by the Enggano Sample House. Amriani’s supervisor and work colleague, Absar, agreed. “Apart from having computer skills, workers must be precise, persistent and patient. They must also work with the spirit of ISO 9001:2008,” said Absar, who is Manager of Exploration Sample Preparation & QAQC. The work of a data technician does not end there. After the data is checked by the Process and Technology division, technicians must compile the assay data in a complete report, which includes a quality control component. From the hundreds of bits of information received by technicians at the start, only one or two dozen are left as possible drilling points that are worth executing on the field.

“Every day we have hundreds of data, or about 10 hole IDs, that arrive to be processed.”

Enjoying Exact Sciences Amriani considers her job as data technician at PT Vale a blessing. “I feel very grateful to be able to work at Vale because I like exact sciences, especially analytical chemistry, so it matches my interest,” said the Universitas Hasanuddin graduate. Prior to this, she worked for two years (from 2002 to 2004) as a contractor in mining. “At the time, the Petea Project had just started,” said the mother of two who enjoys cooking. Absar said Amriani was a committed and hardworking team member. “She is open, she wants to develop herself and is willing to share knowledge with colleagues,” Absar added. Amriani hopes that Vale’s performance will improve with each passing year. “I have heard that nickel prices haven’t improved, which is quite worrying. But I hope this company will survive and perform better, so it can continue to do more for its employees,” she said.


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KO MUN I TA S

Engineering Tennis Club

Bersenang-senang Mengayunkan Raket Tenis membuat mereka bisa melepaskan kejenuhan rutinitas, menjaga kebugaran, sekaligus menjalin persahabatan. Olahraga kerap dijadikan orang-orang tertentu menjadi wadah aktivitas berkumpul sekaligus menyehatkan. Begitu pula tenis. Cabang olahraga ini dipilih para pekerja engineering PT Vale untuk bersenang-senang mengayunkan raket dan membentuk Engineering Tennis Club (ETC). Komunitas ini berdiri sejak 1997. Seperti namanya, beranggotakan sekumpulan engineering PT Vale maupun kontraktor yang tersebar di berbagai departemen seperti Central Engineering, Utilities (Maintenance System Engineering), Process Plant, hingga Contract Admin. Saban Selasa sore, jadwal latihan mereka di Lapangan Tenis Pontada. “Tujuan Komunitas ini agar anggotanya bisa berolahraga, bersenang-senang sekaligus melepas ketegangan dari rutinitas, dan menguatkan ikatan antar anggotanya,” ujar Rahadian Winarno, Ketua ETC. Secara struktural, ETC merupakan bagian dari Sorowako Tennis Community, induk komunitas tenis yang ada di Sorowako. Tak heran, selain berkumpul dan melakukan latihan rutin bersama anggotanya, ETC juga aktif dalam turnamen-turnamen tenis yang digelar PT Vale bersama Sorowako Tennis Co-

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mmunity. “Misalnya Sorowako Open, anggota ETC juga ada yang masuk ke tim PT Vale,” tambah Rahadian. Selain berpartisipasi di event tersebut, ETC juga cukup aktif menggelar turnamen yang bersifat internal. Untuk event ini mereka beri nama ETC Fun Games yang telah digelar berturut-turut sejak dua tahun terakhir (Februari 2013 dan April 2014). “Turnamen ini digelar agar anggotanya semakin kompak dan skill-nya semakin baik. Meski lebih banyak guyonnya, tapi tetap ada hadiah untuk pemenangnya,” ujar Rahadian tersenyum. ETC membagi anggota dalam dua kelompok, yakni senior dan junior. Pembagian itu sebenarnya guna mempermudah sharing tips teknik dan mental ketika bertanding dari senior ke anggota barunya. “Jadi

KO MUNITAS

skill mereka bisa berkembang. Namun ketika bermain dan latihan, kami membaur,” tambah Rahadian yang mengagumi teknik permainan petenis dunia Rafael Nadal ini.

Sosial dan Kesehatan

Sebelum ada tennis indoor, banyak pemain tenis yang mau latihan seperti menyesuaikan dengan cuaca. Tapi sekarang, cuaca dan waktu tidak membatasi hasrat mereka mengayunkan raket. Mau siang sampai malam. Hujan atau panas, tetap bisa latihan.

Tenis bisa jadi olahraga yang relatif mudah menarik perhatian orang untuk bergabung lantaran beberapa hal. Kata Rahadian, misalnya karena olahraga ini menyenangkan sekaligus berbiaya murah. Dengan modal di bawah Rp1 juta, sudah bisa memiliki raket yang kualitasnya cukup lumayan dan baik untuk latihan. “Untuk pemula jangan langsung membeli raket mahal. Perlu mengetahui karakter permainan setelah latihan beberapa lama. Kalau sudah tahu karakternya, kebutuhan raket atau tennis gear akan mengikuti,” ujar Rahadian memberi tips.

Bukan hanya animo, menurut Sopian, Senior Mechanical / Civil Designer yang juga mantan Ketua ETC era 1990-an, yang juga terjadi adalah pergeseran kelompok usia para penggiat tenis. “Kalau dulu, tenis identik dengan olahraga orang-orang tua. Tapi sekarang malah banyak anak muda yang mau,” ungkap Sopian.

Di luar itu, seperti olahraga lainnya, tenis juga memiliki dua sifat yang bisa berkembang sesuai tujuan si pemainnya. Artinya, kalau diseriusin bisa menjadi heavy sport dan profesional. Tapi kalau dibawa enjoy menjadi fun dan light sport. Selain itu, tambah Rahadian, tenis juga memberikan efek sosial dan kesehatan bagi penggiatnya

Nirmalasari, salah satu contohnya. Anggota baru ETC yang bekerja sebagai Design Engineer di Maintenance System Engineering ini merasa tenis dapat membuatnya bugar fisik dan pikiran. “Saya bergabung karena teman-teman di sini seru-seru dan tenis hobi sejak SMA. Jadi saya ingin kembali aktif di sini,” ujar pengagum petenis dunia Victoria Azarenka.

Efek sosialnya yakni menjadi mudah mencari teman baru. Sedangkan efek kesehatannya, adalah mudah menyusutkan badan. Gerakan-gerakannya yang dinamis dan memompa seluruh otot untuk bekerja, cocok untuk membakar lemak. Jadi pas sekali untuk orang yang ingin ngurusin badan.

ETC memiliki anggota 36 orang. Ada sekitar lima anggota baru bergabung pada tahun ini. Kata Rahadian, belakang ini animo tenis cukup tinggi. “Adanya lapangan tennis indoor yang dibangun perusahaan cukup mempengaruhi orang ingin mencoba tenis,” ujar dia.

Ke depan, ETC ingin lebih fokus dan menggelar event atau turnamen bersifat eksternal. ”Misalnya turnamen bersama PLN Palopo atau PDAM Malili. Maka itu, untuk menuju ke sana, kami ingin menguatkan internal tim dulu dengan menggelar Fun Games Tournament dan sebagainya,” tambah Rahadian. []


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COM MUN I T Y

Engineering Tennis Club

Happily Swinging their Rackets Tennis provides a break from work routines, keeps the body fit and helps to maintain friendships.

Sport is often cited as an activity that brings health and friendship benefits. It is no different with tennis. This sport was chosen by PT Vale’s employees in engineering as a way to have fun while swinging their rackets, and later led to the formation of the Engineering Tennis Club (ETC). The community was established in 1997. As its name suggests, club members are PT Vale’s engineering employees and contractors from various departments, such as Central Engineering, Maintenance System Engineering and Process Plant, although there are also employees from Contract Admin. They train on Tuesday evenings at the Pontada tennis courts.

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“The aim of this community is to allow members to do sport, have fun, relax – to get away from the stress and routine of work – and strengthen friendships,” said ETC Chairperson, Rahadian Winarno. Structurally, ETC is part of the Sorowako Tennis Community, which is the main tennis body in Sorowako.

Nirmalasari is just one example. The newcomer at ETC works as a Design Engineer at the Maintenance System Engineering department. She feels that tennis has helped her stay physically and mentally fit. “I joined because the members are so much fun, and I have been playing tennis as a hobby since high school. I would like to become active again here,” said the fan of international tennis player Victoria Azarenka.

ETC is also active in tennis tournaments held jointly by PT Vale and the Sorowako Tennis Community. “For example, there is the Sorowako Open, and we have ETC members who are in the PT Vale team,” Rahadian added.

Being Social and Healthy

Apart from participating in those events, ETC actively hosts internal tournaments. They call such events the ETC Fun Games. These games have been held for the last two years. “They are intended to strengthen the bond between members and improve tennis skills. Although there is more joking around, there is still a prize for the winner,” Rahadian said with a smile.

Tennis is a sport that attracts people for several reasons. It is fun and cheap, according to Rahadian. With less than IDR1 million, people can get a good quality racket that is suitable for training. “Beginners shouldn’t worry about buying an expensive racket straight away. It is necessary to know the character of the player after a few training sessions. Once this is known, the appropriate racket or tennis gear will follow,” Rahadian advised.

ETC’s members are divided into two groups: seniors and juniors. The differentiation is intended to make it easier for seniors to share technical and mental tips with juniors when competing. “That way, they will develop their skills. But when playing and practicing, everyone gets together,” said Rahadian, who idolizes world tennis player Rafael Nadal. ETC has 36 members. Five new members joined this year. According to Rahadian, there has been greater interest in tennis this year. “The indoor tennis courts built by the company has encouraged people to try tennis,” he said. Before the indoor tennis courts existed, players had to adjust with the weather. Now they can swing their rackets and practice to their hearts content come rain or shine. According to Senior Mechanical/Civil Designer Sopian, who was the chairman of ETC in the 1990s, there has been a shift in the age group of tennis enthusiasts. “In the past, tennis was considered a sport of older people. Now, it is young people who are interested,” Sopian said.

Tennis also has two features that players can develop, depending on players’ intention. “If players want to take it seriously, it can become a professional, heavy sport. But if they want to just enjoy it, tennis can become a light, fun sport with social and health benefits,” Rahadian added. The social benefits of tennis include having the opportunity to make new friends. The health benefit is being able to keep trim, as the dynamic movements in tennis push all body muscles to work and to burn fat. In future, ETC intends to focus on hosting external events or tournaments. “For example, we could have a joint tournament with Palopo PLN (State Electricity Company) or Malili PDAM (Regional Water Utility Company). To be able to do that, we would like to strengthen our internal team through the hosting of Fun Games and other tournaments,” Rahadian said.

Engineering Tennis Club members train every Tuesday evening at Pontada Tennis Court. Right: Nirmalasari, a newcomer at ETC.


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SE HAT S E L A MAT

Jangan Anggap Remeh Cacar Air Orang dewasa yang sudah pernah terserang cacar air saat masih kanak-kanak bisa kembali terinfeksi virus yang sama. Beberapa bulan terakhir, jumlah pasien yang memeriksakan diri ke RS Inco dan mendapat diagnosis cacar air atau varicella meninkat. Mayoritas anak-anak usia sekolah. Mitos yang berkembang di masyarakat adalah penyakit ini hanya menyerang anak-anak. Dan mereka yang sudah pernah terkena cacar air tidak akan terserang lagi untuk kedua kalinya. Faktanya, penyakit ini juga menjangkiti orang dewasa, termasuk mereka yang pernah terkena cacar air sebelumnya.

Cacar air tampak sebagai penyakit penyakit biasa. “Hanya” menimbulkan gelembung berisi cairan bening pada kulit yang terasa gatal. Dalam tiga pekan, penyakit ini akan sembuh. Dilihat sekilas, memang demikian. Tapi sebenarnya penyakit ini sangat menular. Virus penyebab cacar air, varicellazoster, menyebar dengan mudah melalui batuk atau bersin penderita, berbagi makanan atau perlengkapan pribadi, dan melalui kontak dengan cairan gelembung cacar air. Penderita varicella dapat menularkan virus sebelum dia mengalami gejala sakit. Karena sangat menular, penderita disarankan untuk beristirahat di rumah hingga bekas cacar air pada kulit, yang disebut keropeng, telah kering sepenuhnya. Ketika orang dewasa terserang, sudah pasti produktivitas akan terganggu selama beberapa pekan. Jika anak terjangkit cacar air, orangtua perlu perhatian ekstra menjaga anak yang demam, rewel, nafsu makan berkurang, sakit kepala, dan sakit tenggorokan. Kemungkinan besar Anda harus absen beberapa hari dari tempat kerja, tidur larut malam, dan kelelahan.

adam.com

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Infeksi Berulang Pada orang dewasa, risiko terserang cacar air meningkat jika sama sekali belum pernah terinfeksi sebelumnya dan belum mendapatkan vaksin varicella. Jika Anda tinggal satu rumah dengan penderita, risiko meningkat karena kontak pasti terjadi. Jika Anda sudah pernah terjangkit cacar air, bukan berarti Anda aman. Virus tidak akan pernah hilang dan tetap “tidur” dalam akar saraf Anda. Bagi kebanyakan orang, virus varicella-zoster akan tetap tidur dan tidak pernah menyerang lagi. Namun bagi sebagian kecil orang—terutama mereka yang memiliki sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah akibat stres, cedera, atau obat-obatan tertentu—virus akan kembali aktif. Infeksi berulang ini disebut cacar ular atau cacar api atau herpes zoster. Berbeda dengan cacar air, cacar ular hanya menyerang daerah persarafan tertentu. Cacar ular biasanya muncul berkelompok atau berbaris pada satu area kecil di salah satu sisi wajah atau dada dan lengan. Selain bentukan gelembung berisi air, infeksi herpes zoster juga ditandai dengan nyeri pada persendian. Secara klinis, cacar ular memang tidak berbahaya. Namun rasa nyeri pada persendian membuat penderitanya tidak bisa beraktivitas dan perlu istirahat total di tempat tidur. Meskipun seseorang tidak dapat tertular cacar ular dari penderita, tetap ada kemungkinan kecil orang dengan ruam cacar ular dapat menyebarkan virus ke orang yang belum pernah terkena cacar air dan yang belum

SE HAT SEL AMAT

mendapatkan vaksin cacar air. Jika penularan terjadi kepada kelompok individu tertentu, misalnya bayi atau wanita hamil, komplikasi bisa terjadi.

Orang Dewasa Perlu Pencegahan Bagi anak usia TK dan SD, cacar air mungkin “hanya” menimbulkan sakit dan gatal selama tiga pekan. Rasa gatal dapat diatasi dengan mengoleskan losion anti-gatal atau pemberian obat yang diresepkan dokter. Dengan tidak menggaruk ruam, cacar air tidak meninggalkan bekas pada kulit. Tapi lain halnya dengan bayi, remaja, orang dewasa, wanita hamil, atau individu dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah. Bagi kelompok tersebut, ada risiko cacar air membawa sejumlah komplikasi serius, seperti dehidrasi, infeksi bakteri, radang paru, infeksi tulang, hingga infeksi persendian. Dan meskipun kecil kemungkinan, infeksi cacar air pada wanita hamil dapat menyebabkan kelainan janin.

anak usia 1 tahun ke atas. Sementara bagi orang dewasa yang belum pernah terkena cacar air dan belum mendapat imunisasi, sebaiknya vaksin varicella diberikan sebanyak dua dosis dengan jarak empat minggu. Jika vaksin diberikan dalam waktu 1-3 hari setelah kontak dengan penderita varicella, maka vaksin ini masih efektif untuk memberikan perlindungan. Pada individu tersebut akan terjadi kemungkinan: tidak menderita cacar air sama sekali atau menderita cacar air dengan gejala yang sangat ringan dan ruam kulit yang timbul tidak lebih dari 10 gelembung cairan. []

Karena sangat menular dan bisa membawa komplikasi serius, pencegahan cacar air menjadi penting dilakukan oleh semua kalangan, termasuk orang dewasa. Pencegahan dapat dilakukan dengan menghindari sumber cacar air. Istirahatkan penderita di rumah agar virus tidak menyebar di sekolah, di kantor, maupun di tempat umum lainnya. Jangan saling meminjamkan peralatan pribadi seperti sendok atau sikat gigi. Penting juga menjaga kebersihan tubuh, pakaian, dan lingkungan, serta mengonsumsi makanan sehat dan seimbang demi meningkatkan stamina. Pencegahan lain yang terbukti efektif adalah imunisasi. Sudah ada vaksin varicella untuk mencegah anak maupun orang dewasa terjangkit cacar air. Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia merekomendasikan pemberian vaksin varicella untuk


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SE HAT HE A LT HS ESLAAFMAT ETY

Do Not Underestimate Chickenpox Adults who have had chickenpox in their childhood may be reinfected by the virus. The last few months have seen an increasing number of patients at Inco Hospital being diagnosed with chickenpox, or varicella. The majority are school-aged children. The myth about chickenpox is that it only infects children, and that people who have been infected once cannot possibly be infected a second time. In fact, grownups – including those who have had chickenpox in their childhood – can also contract this disease.

Because it is highly contagious, it is recommended that patients stay home until all the lesions have completely crusted. Adults who are infected will no doubt experience a disruption in their productivity. If a child is infected then parents must take extra caution if the child contracts a fever, is irritable, loses his or her appetite or complains of headaches or sore throats. You must take several days off work and avoid late nights and exhaustion.

Chickenpox may seem like a regular disease, appearing “only” as itchy, fluid-filled blisters on the skin which disappear after three weeks. Seen at a glance, this is indeed the case. However, this disease in fact highly contagious. The varicella-zoster virus that causes chickenpox is airborne and spreads through coughing or sneezing by infected individuals, sharing of food or personal items with infected individuals and through direct contact with fluid from the blisters of an infected person. A person with the varicella virus is infectious before signs of the disease appear.

Reinfections The risk of contracting chickenpox increases in adults who have never had the disease before, or if they have not been vaccinated for varicella. The risk is higher if you share a house with a patient, because contact with that person is almost certain to occur. If you have had chickenpox, it still does not mean you are safe. The virus is not eliminated but stays dormant in your nervous system. For most people, the varicella-zoster virus will remain dormant and a reinfection will never occur. But a small number of people – particularly people whose immune system is weakened by stress, injury, or certain types of medication – may experience a repeat outbreak of the virus. This reinfection is called shingles or herpes zoster. Unlike chickenpox, shingles only affects certain nerve areas, usually appearing as clusters or rows of fluid-filled blisters in a small area on one side of the face or on the chest and arms. Apart from lesions, shingles is also characterized by pain around the joints. In medical terms, shingles are not dangerous but the pain can be immense, preventing the patient from carrying out regular activities and requiring him or her to have total bed rest. Although shingles cannot be contracted from an infected patient, there is still a small chance that a patient’s shingle rash may cause the virus to spread to someone

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Ha l o Va l e I Ed isi Jun Apr iil 2014 2014 howtocurechickenpox.blogspot.com

HE ALTH SAFE T Y

wikihow.com

who has never had, and not been immunized against, chickenpox. An infection that affects certain groups of people, such as babies or pregnant women, may result in complications.

Prevention for Adults Chickenpox in preschool and primary school-aged children “only” causes pain and itchiness for three weeks. The discomfort can be overcome by applying anti-rash lotions or doctor-prescribed medication. Rashes that are left unscratched will not lead to permanent skin scarring. But it is a different case for women, adolescents, adults, pregnant women or people with a weak immune system. For people in these groups, the incidence of chickenpox brings with it higher risks and the possibility of serious complications such as dehydration, bacterial infections, pneumonia, bone infections and joint infections. And although the chances are remote, chickenpox in pregnant women may result in malformation of the fetus. Because chickenpox is highly contagious and often accompanied by serious complications, prevention is an important

aspect for everyone, including adults. Prevention includes avoiding sources of chickenpox; ensuring infected individuals stay at home to stop the virus from spreading at school, office and other public places; and avoiding the sharing of personal items such as cutlery and toothbrushes. It is also important to maintain personal hygiene and environmental sanitation and to consume healthy food and a balanced diet to increase stamina. Another effective prevention against chickenpox is immunization. A varicella vaccination now exists for children and grown-ups. The Indonesian Pediatric Society recommends the varicella vaccination for children aged 1 and older. Adults who have never contracted chickenpox and have not been immunized are recommended to have two doses of the varicella vaccine, four weeks apart. If the vaccine is given 1 to 3 days after contact is made with an infected person, the vaccine still provides effective protection. Two things may happen to the vaccinated individual: he or she may either not contract chickenpox at all, or contract a very mild version of it, with fewer than 10 lesions appearing in the rash.


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Kuis/Quiz Isilah teka-teki silang berikut dengan membaca Laporan Utama sebagai panduan jawabannya. Scan atau fotokopi jawaban Anda dan kirim ke internal. [email protected] atau masukkan ke DP 23B. Pengundian secara acak dilakukan melalui situs random.org. Pemenang akan diumumkan di Halo Vale edisi mendatang. Semoga Anda beruntung!

Send your answer by email to internal.communication@ vale.com or Photocopy and cut out this quiz from and drop it to DP 23B. Random drew will conducted through random.org. Winner will be announched in upcoming issue of Halo Vale. Good Luck.

MENDATAR

MENURUN

4. 6. 8. 10.

1. Lokasi Vale Living with Lakes Centre. 2. Sumber energi alternatif yang dikembangkan di Biring Bulu, Kabupaten Gowa. 3. Angin (persamaan). 5. High sulfur fuel oil (disingkat). 6. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (singkatan). 7. High speed diesel (singkatan). 9. Desa Mandiri Energi (singkatan). 10. PLTA PT Vale yang beroperasi pada 1999. 12. Gas buang berupa karbondioksida (persamaan).

11. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Solar Home System (singkatan). Aliran sungai sumber tenaga PLTA Karebbe. Salah satu manufaktur kincir angin. Nama proyek perkebunan kelapa sawit Vale di Brazil untuk biodiesel. Pembangkit listrik berbahan bakar HSD. ...... Hydro/mitra Vale membangun kincir angin di Rio Grande do Norte. Nama pertambangan batubara Vale di Mozambik. Tambang berlian di Artik. Salah satu sumber energi alternatif.

Pemenang Kuis Halo Vale edisi 8: 70

1. Andi Sunandar Galigo (8522/UT) 2. Amiruddin (8929/UT) 3. Kasman Aziz (6796/PP) 4. Affandhi (8270/Proctech) 5. Miftahuddin Hadilang (8339/EXR)


6. Yusran (5982/IT) 7. Adi Suryadi (11003/MU) 8. Asniati Mpila (10546/Logistic) 9. Zulkifli (8422/Mining) 10. Sachrul (10275/MEM)

Selamat kepada pemenang! Hadiah dapat langsung diambil di Communications & External Affairs, External Relations pada hari dan jam kerja.

Rubrik Zoom Ini memuat potret unik dan menarik seputar tempat, orang, atau kejadian di sekitar kita. Kirimkan foto Anda ke internal. [email protected].

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- Doni Setiadi -

Mana Motorku?... - Aryanto Bhrata -


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Berkarya di tengah nirwana Keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia Sulawesi memiliki endemisitas flora & fauna tertinggi di nusantara.

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dari 136 spesies mamalia

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