Referensi
• Service-Oriented Architecture: Concepts, Technology, and Design by Thomas Erl, Prentice Hall PTR, 2005 • • Web Services: Concepts, Concepts, Architectures and Applications, by Gustavo Alonso, Fabio Casati, et. al, Springer, 2004 • Information Architecture for the World Wide Web, 2nd edition, Louis Rosenfeld, Peter Morville, 2002
Referensi • Turban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe, Information Technology for Management: Transforming Organizations in the Digital Economy, 6th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008 Ed 6: http://bcs.wiley.com/hehttp://bcs.wiley.com/he bcs/Books?action=resource&bcsId=3687&i temId=0471787124&resourceId=10289
Ed 4: http://gigapedia.com/items:links?id=408094
Ed 7: http://as.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/pr oductCd-EHEP000232.html
Referensi B Business usiness Pro oc ces ess & S SA AP P • Simha R. Magal & Jeffry Word, Essentials of Business Processes and Information Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009 • Link: http://bcs.wiley.com/he http://bcs.wiley.com/hebcs/Books?action=index&itemId=0470230 592&bcsId=4455
Jika ambil SAP
• Modul SAP01 harus difotokopi! • Siapkan pas foto untuk ujian SAP
• Praktikum menggunakan SAP – SAP Client – 700mb
Outline SAP
• • • •
Introduction + Navigation (1)
Systemwide Concepts (1) Human Resources (1) mySAP Technology (1) – Client Server Architecture
– The Database
• Logistics (2) – Procurement – Sales Order – Production
• Financials (2) – Accounting Foundation – Financial Accounting – Management Accounting
• Latihan ujian (1) • TES SAP (1)
Q & A
ATI - Overview
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Physical Architecture
Four Components of a Computer System
Tightly coupled
Loosely Coupled
Client/Server
• In general, any application where multiple clients connect to a single server. client1
client2
server • one client program (most typical) or • multiple client programs
client3
Generic Client/Server Architecture
Peer-to-Peer Computing • Another model of distributed system • P2P does not distinguish clients and servers – Instead all nodes are considered peers – May each act as client, server or both – Node must join P2P network • Registers its service with central lookup service on network, or • Broadcast request for service and respond to requests for service via discovery protocol
– Examples include Napster and Gnutella
What is Cluster ?
• A cluster is a type of parallel and distributed processing system, which consists of a collection of interconnected stand-alone computers cooperatively working together as a single, integrated computing resource. • A node – a single or multiprocessor system with memory, I/O facilities, – & OS
• A cluster – generally 2 or more computers (nodes) connected together – in a single cabinet, or physically separated & connected via a LAN – appear as a single system to users and applications
Cluster Architecture
Sequential Applications Sequential Applications Sequential Applications
Parallel Applications Parallel Applications Parallel Applications
Parallel Programming Environment
Cluster Middleware (Single System Image and Availability Infrastructure) PC/Workstation
PC/Workstation
PC/Workstation
PC/Workstation
Communications
Communications
Communications
Communications
Software
Software
Software
Software
Network Interface Hardware
Network Interface Hardware
Cluster Interconnection Network/Switch
Network Interface Hardware
Network Interface Hardware
Grid Architecture
What is Cloud Computing ? the Fifth Generation of Computing (after Mainframe, Personal Computer, Client-Server Computing, Computing, and the web web))
Cloud Computing is…
… virtualized compute power and storage delivered via platform-agnostic infrastructures of abstracted hardware and software accessed over the Internet. These shared, on-demand IT resources, are created and disposed of efficiently, are dynamically scalable through a variety of programmatic interfaces and are billed variably based on measurable usage….
Internet & Web Architecture
Protokol Web: HTTP • Hypertext Transport Protocol (RFC 1945) – Oleh Tim Berners-Lee, 1990
• Protocol that used to communicate between web browsers and web servers • • Using TCP port 80 (default) • This protocol supports hypermedia files • HTTP 1.0 becomes 1.1 by IETF (RFC 2616)
HTTP Message
N-tier web architectures
HTML rendering
Client Templates, HTML generation
scripts, XML and XSLT
Presentation Application-specific components and application logic
Business Logic Data Access
Domain-specific and database-independent layer, typically object-oriented Data storage, typically an (SQL) RDBMS
Data
Service Oriented Architecture
• SOA adalah sebuah konsep Software Architecture yang mendefinisikan penggunaan layanan untuk mendukung kebutuhan pengguna software. •• A serv service ice-or -oriented iented architecture architecture is is a framework framework
for integrating business processes and supporting IT infrastructure as secure, standardized components—services—that can be reused and combined to address changing business priorities
SOA dan Integrasi Aplikasi/Sistem
• SOA sebagai platform integrasi: – SOA memisahkan antara pesan/query/call dengan pemrosesan – Pesan/query/call distandardisasi dan tidak dikaitkan dengan sebuah produk teknologi tertentu, sehingga bisa dikirimkan/diterima oleh siapapun – SOA memisahkan antara bagian publik dan bagian privat • Bagian publik dapat diakses oleh siapapun, berupa deskripsi tentang layanan yang ditawarkan • Bagian privat hanya bisa diakses oleh pemilik/penyedia layanan
Characteristics of SOA
• Services have platform independent, self describing interfaces (XML) Composable • Messages are formally defined
• • Services can be discovered Interoperable SOA Re--Usable Re • Services have quality of service characteristics defined in policies Loosely Coupled • Services can be provided on any platform
SOA implementation : Web Service
• Mempertukarkan data dalam format XML. • Tersedia dan dikomunikasikan melalui Internet atau intranet.
• Bersifat operating system/programming language independent. • Web service mempertukarkan data antara service requestor (aplikasi yang menggunakan data/service) dan service provider (server penyedia data/service) menggunakan service registry (yang berisi kumpulan service-service), dengan salah satu teknologi: – XML-RPC – SOAP – REST
Web Service Layer • • • •
Service transport XML messaging dan encoding/decoding
Service description Service di Service discovery scovery
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) • SOAP merupakan protokol komunikasi berbasis XML yang memperbolehkan aplikasi saling bertukar informasi melalui HTTP • • SOAP merupakan merupakan format untuk mengirimkan meng irimkan message melalui Internet, bersifat platform independent, language independent, dan merupakan standar W3C • SOAP membungkus request & response dalam XML
Elemen SOAP
• Elemen Envelope yang mengidentifikasi XML dokumen sebagai SOAP message (wajib) • Elemen Header yang berisi informasi header (opsional) • Elemen Body yang berisi informasi call dan response (wajib) • Elemen Fault yang berisi informasi error yang terjadi (opsional)
What is REST?
• REST stands for Representation State Transfer • REST is about accessing resources through a universal interface (HTTP murni) • • Conceived in 2000 as a doctoral dissertation by by Roy Roy Fielding (a principal author of HTTP 1.0 dan 1.1 protocol) • RESTful URLs are addressable – Sample: http://www.mysite.com/Products/Trek8300
• Links to related data
RESTful Web Services
Resources HTTP Request
Res 1
URL
Res 2
GET POST PUT XML JSON DELETE
Res 3 Res 4
HTTP Response
Status Payload
XML JSON
Business Process and IT in
enterprise
Business Process
• Organization creates & deliver value in the form of a product or service, which they offer to customers or organizations – Tangible – angible:: product physics – Intangible : service, such as education, health, information, financial services
• Business Process: sequence of activities that produce some output / outcome
Information Technology
Human Resources
Finance & Accounting
Research & Development
Sales & Marketing
Warehouse
Operations
Purchasing
Functional organizational
E-Commerce
• Penggunaan media elektronik untuk melakukan perniagaan / perdagangan – Telepon, fax, ATM, handphone, SMS – Banking: ATM phone banking, internet banking
• Secara kh khusus usus – Penggunaan Internet untuk melakukan perniagaan – Ada transaksi
• E-Commerce dimulai sejak 1970-an • Pure EC (cth: e-book) vs Partial EC (cth: book)
The Structure of E-Commerce in Enterprise
A framework for E-commerce
Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
6-33
mySAP Procurement
Production in SAP
Sales Order in SAP
HR Management
Web 2.0 and Mobile Computing
architecture
Web 2.0 Framework
The Seven Key Principles
40
Landscape of Mobile Computing
Mobile Computing –
L-Commerce Applications
Next
• Server Architecture
