Duurzaamheid begint bij jezelf ! 11 september 2012
Alumni
[email protected]
Hoe oud is duurzaamheid??
Duurzaamheid is maar vijfentwintig jaar oud! • 16 juni 1987: Gro Harlem Brundtland biedt haar rapport “Our Common Future” aan aan de General Assembly van de United Nations • Duurzaamheid was toen SOFT en niet SMART! • Wat was de definitie? • A development to ensure the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Sustainable: Wat is een duurzame samenleving? • Geen uitputting bronnen, geen belasting milieu • Dus duurzaam betekent recycling van alle stofstromen • Is dat technisch mogelijk? • Eenvoudig door recyclebaar te ontwerpen • Rank Xerox bijvoorbeeld • Geavanceerd: Laser isotopen separatie
Cradle to Cradle! • • • • •
In principe mogelijk! Recycling begint met hergebruik van producten! Ontwerpen voor recycling! Recycling door opwerking componenten Recycling door scheiding en hergebruik grondstoffen • Bottle-neck: ENERGIE kan niet worden hergebruikt!
Global energy challenge More people per person
More energy
Meeting growing demand, while reducing environmental and social impact Source: M.J. Groeneveld, Shell Global Solutions Providing energy to the poor
Climate change
Shifting towards a low carbon energy system 6
Energie is de bottleneck! • • • • • •
Energiebronnen raken uitgeput De beste bron is besparing! Hoeveel energie gebruiken wij? Hoeveel kunnen wij besparen? Hoe staat het wereldwijd? Hoelang weten wij dat al??
Uit: The Limits to Growth
De gemiste revolutie van 1972 • The Limits to Growth: • A Report for the Club of Rome Project on The Predicament of Mankind • Dennis Meadows • Wat gebeurde er toen ??
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Total primary energy supply*
World 14 000
12 000
10 000
Mtoe
8 000
6 000
4 000
2 000
0 1971
1973
1975
1977 Coal/peat
* Excluding electricity trade. © OECD/IEA 2011
1979 Oil
1981
1983
Natural gas
1985
1987
Nuclear
1989 Hydro
1991
1993
1995
Biofuels & waste
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Energy production
France 160
140
120
Mtoe
100
80
60
40
20
0 1971
© OECD/IEA 2011
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
Coal/peat
Oil
1983
1985
Natural gas
1987
1989
Nuclear
1991 Hydro
1993
1995
1997
Biofuels & waste
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Energy production
Japan 120
100
Mtoe
80
60
40
20
0 1971
© OECD/IEA 2011
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
Coal/peat
Oil
1983
1985
Natural gas
1987
1989
Nuclear
1991 Hydro
1993
1995
1997
Biofuels & waste
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Total primary energy supply*
Japan 600
500
Mtoe
400
300
200
100
0 1971
1973
1975
1977 Coal/peat
* Excluding electricity trade. © OECD/IEA 2011
1979 Oil
1981
1983
Natural gas
1985
1987
Nuclear
1989 Hydro
1991
1993
1995
Biofuels & waste
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Total primary energy supply*
France 300
250
Mtoe
200
150
100
50
0 1971
1973
1975
1977 Coal/peat
* Excluding electricity trade. © OECD/IEA 2011
1979 Oil
1981
1983
Natural gas
1985
1987
Nuclear
1989 Hydro
1991
1993
1995
Biofuels & waste
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Electricity generation by fuel
Denmark 60 000
50 000
GWh
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Coal/peat © OECD/IEA 2011
Oil
Natural gas
Nuclear
Hydro
Biofuels & waste
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Total primary energy supply*
Denmark 25
20
Mtoe
15
10
5
0 1971
1973
1975
1977 Coal/peat
* Excluding electricity trade. © OECD/IEA 2011
1979 Oil
1981
1983
Natural gas
1985
1987
Nuclear
1989 Hydro
1991
1993
1995
Biofuels & waste
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Share of total primary energy supply* in 2009
Denmark
Natural gas 21.0%
Biofuels & waste 16.2%
Geothermal/solar/wind 3.3%
Coal/peat 21.6% Oil 37.9%
19 Mtoe * Share of TPES excludes electricity trade. Note: For presentational purposes, shares of under 0.1% are not included and consequently the total may not add up to 100%. © OECD/IEA 2011
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Electricity generation by fuel
Germany 700 000
600 000
500 000
GWh
400 000
300 000
200 000
100 000
0 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Coal/peat © OECD/IEA 2011
Oil
Natural gas
Nuclear
Hydro
Biofuels & waste
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Total primary energy supply*
Germany 400
350
300
Mtoe
250
200
150
100
50
0 1971
1973
1975
1977 Coal/peat
* Excluding electricity trade. © OECD/IEA 2011
1979 Oil
1981
1983
Natural gas
1985
1987
Nuclear
1989 Hydro
1991
1993
1995
Biofuels & waste
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Share of total primary energy supply* in 2009
Germany Hydro 0.5% Biofuels & waste 7.8% Geothermal/solar/wind 1.5%
Nuclear 11.0% Natural gas 24.0% Coal/peat 22.4% Oil 32.9%
319 Mtoe * Share of TPES excludes electricity trade. Note: For presentational purposes, shares of under 0.1% are not included and consequently the total may not add up to 100%. © OECD/IEA 2011
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Energy production
Netherlands 90
80
70
60
Mtoe
50
40
30
20
10
0 1971
© OECD/IEA 2011
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
Coal/peat
Oil
1983
1985
Natural gas
1987
1989
Nuclear
1991 Hydro
1993
1995
1997
Biofuels & waste
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Share of total primary energy supply* in 2009
Netherlands Nuclear 1.4% Biofuels & waste 4.4% Natural gas 45.0%
Coal/peat 9.6%
Geothermal/solar/wind 0.6%
Oil 39.0%
78 Mtoe * Share of TPES excludes electricity trade. Note: For presentational purposes, shares of under 0.1% are not included and consequently the total may not add up to 100%. © OECD/IEA 2011
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Energy production
Poland 160
140
120
Mtoe
100
80
60
40
20
0 1971
© OECD/IEA 2011
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
Coal/peat
Oil
1983
1985
Natural gas
1987
1989
Nuclear
1991 Hydro
1993
1995
1997
Biofuels & waste
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Share of total primary energy supply* in 2009
Poland Hydro 0.2% Natural gas 12.7%
Biofuels & waste 7.1% Geothermal/solar/wind 0.1%
Oil 25.6%
Coal/peat 54.3%
94 Mtoe * Share of TPES excludes electricity trade. Note: For presentational purposes, shares of under 0.1% are not included and consequently the total may not add up to 100%. © OECD/IEA 2011
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Electricity generation by fuel
Norway 160 000
140 000
120 000
GWh
100 000
80 000
60 000
40 000
20 000
0 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Coal/peat © OECD/IEA 2011
Oil
Natural gas
Nuclear
Hydro
Biofuels & waste
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
IEA Energy Statistics
Energy production
Norway 250
200
Mtoe
150
100
50
0 1971
© OECD/IEA 2011
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
Coal/peat
Oil
1983
1985
Natural gas
1987
1989
Nuclear
1991 Hydro
1993
1995
1997
Biofuels & waste
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Geothermal/solar/wind
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Share of total primary energy supply* in 2009
Norway Biofuels & waste 4.9% Geothermal/solar/wind 0.4% Coal/peat 1.9%
Hydro 37.4%
Natural gas 18.9%
Oil 36.4%
28 Mtoe * Share of TPES excludes electricity trade. Note: For presentational purposes, shares of under 0.1% are not included and consequently the total may not add up to 100%. © OECD/IEA 2011
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
IEA Energy Statistics
Statistics on the Web: http://www.iea.org/stats/index.asp
Share of total primary energy supply* in 2009
World Nuclear 5.8%
Hydro 2.3%
Biofuels & waste 10.2% Geothermal/solar/wind 0.8%
Natural gas 20.9%
Oil 32.8%
Coal/peat 27.2%
12 150 Mtoe * Share of TPES excludes electricity trade. Note: For presentational purposes, shares of under 0.1% are not included and consequently the total may not add up to 100%. © OECD/IEA 2011
For more detailed data, please consult our on-line data service at http://data.iea.org.
Top Primary energy Consuming Countries 2002 and 2009 (Mtoe) 2500 2000 1500 2002
1000
2009
500 0 USA
Germany
Japan
Russian Fed
China
India
Per Capita Energy Consumption 2002 and 2009 (kgoe) 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0
2002 2009
Waarom is uw verbruik belangrijk?
Buildings today: consume ~ 37% world energy exploit ~ 40% of world resources produce ~ 40% of world waste
Verbruik elektra in kWh/jaar
Vragen • • • • • •
Waar brandt het licht altijd? Waar zitten de GU10 halogeenlampen ? Blijven de spaarlampen s’nachts sparen ? Lang leve de LED! Hoe efficiënt is uw apparatuur ? Hoeveel sluipstroom? De helft ?? – Gebruik een stekkerdoos met schakelaar – Of een tijdklok
Uw verbruik gas in m3 per jaar
Vragen • Hoe efficiënt is mijn ketel? • Isolatie: – Muren – Dak – Vloer – Ramen
• Waar staan de radiatoren? • Hoe hoog staat mijn thermostaat? • Vormfactor huis?
Elektra en Gas prijzen • • • • •
Elektriciteit: 1 kWh = 3,6 MJ Gas: 1 m3 = 35,17 MJ= 9,76 kWh Elektra: € 0,20/kWh Gas: € 0,65/m3 = € 0,067/kWh Correctie: 0,4 x 0,20 = € 0,08/kWhprim
• Totaal verbruik: Gas + 2,5 maal Electra!
Benzine en diesel • Benzine 95: 39,5 MJ/l = 10,97 kWh/l • Diesel: 38,6 MJ/l = 10,72 kWh/l • Verbruik benzine: 8,8 l/ 100 km • Verbruik diesel: 5,9 l/ 100 km • Benzine: 0,965 kWh/km • Diesel: 0,632 kWh/km
Uw autoverbruik in kWh/jaar
Dit boek moet U lezen! • Sustainable Energywithout the hot air • David J.C. Mackay • David Mackay brengt de energieproblematiek bij je thuis! In kWh/dag
Het belang van de capaciteit van de accu
Zelfs de Partij voor de Dieren moet dit lezen!
Per Capita verbruik in kg oil eq. Alumni
Kampioenen! • Frank Verhallen – – – –
Totaal 7707 kg oil eq. Electra 5500 kWh Gas 1850 m3 Auto 60000 km
• Johan Ploumen – – – –
Totaal Electra Gas? Auto
421 kg oil eq. 719 kWh 318 m3 (11,2 GJ) 0 km
Per Capita verbruik in kg oil eq. Alumni
Per Capita Energy Consumption 2002 and 2009 (kgoe) 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0
2002 2009
Wie is de groenste club? in kWh/jaar Ooms
docNt Alumni VBW Asfalt
• Electra 8881 • Gas 17881 • Auto 23998
10618 13720 16083
8969 18345 20098
15017 30132 31652
• Totaal
40421
47412
76801
50760
Conclusies • Energieverbruik van elektra, gas en mobiliteit is vergelijkbaar • Factor vier a vijf verschil in gebruik! • Gemiddeld conform West Europees niveau • Hoe duurzaam zijn wij ?? • Wat doen we daaraan?
