ANGLICKÁ KONVERZACE PRO STŘEDNĚ POKROČILÉ
MGR. VLADIMÍR BRADÁČ
ROZVOJ KOMPETENCÍ MANAGEMENTU A PRACOVNÍKŮ VŠ MSK (S PODPOROU ICT) PROJEKT OP VK 2.2: CZ.1.07/2.2.00/15.0176
OSTRAVA 2012
Tento projekt je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky
Název: Autor: Vydání: Počet stran:
Anglická konverzace pro středně pokročilé Mgr. Vladimír Bradáč první, 2012 66
Studijní materiály pro kurz: Anglická konverzace pro středně pokročilé
Jazyková korektura nebyla provedena, za jazykovou stránku odpovídá autor.
© Mgr. Vladimír Bradáč © Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě
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CONTENTS CONTENTS ........................................................................................................ 3 FOREWORD ...................................................................................................... 6 1
INITIAL PLACEMENT TEST................................................................ 7
2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7
ENGLISH IN EVERYDAY CZECH .................................................... 12 English words used in Czech .......................................................12 Wrong pronunciation ...................................................................13 Pronunciation ...............................................................................13 Alphabet ......................................................................................15 Extras - CLIL – content and language integrated learning..........15 Vocabulary ..................................................................................16 Key ..............................................................................................16
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IF A JOB IS WORTH DOING, IT’S WORTH DOING WELL ........... 18 3.1 Before one gets their dream job...................................................18 3.2 Job description .............................................................................21 3.3 Academic life...............................................................................22 3.3.1 Academic degrees & titles ...................................................22 3.3.2 Research ...............................................................................23 3.3.3 Publications ..........................................................................25 3.4 Extras ...........................................................................................27 3.4.1 Do vs. Work .........................................................................27 3.4.2 Do vs. Make .........................................................................27 3.4.3 Other issues ..........................................................................28 3.5 Final check...................................................................................29 3.6 Vocabulary ..................................................................................30 3.7 Key ..............................................................................................31
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THE WAY TO YOUR CAREER .......................................................... 33 4.1 Follow your parents .....................................................................33 4.2 Vocabulary ..................................................................................35 4.3 Key ..............................................................................................36
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UNDER THE DOMINION OF ICT ...................................................... 37 5.1 Information and communication technology...............................37 5.2 Hardware at your workplace .......................................................40 5.3 Abbreviations in ICT ...................................................................41 5.4 Netiquette ....................................................................................42 5.5 How to keep close to students and not to look like an oldfashioned grumpy ...................................................................................44 5.6 Vocabulary ..................................................................................46 5.7 Key ..............................................................................................47
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HOSTING A FOREIGN VISITOR ....................................................... 49 6.1 Arriving .......................................................................................49 6.2 Accommodation ..........................................................................50 6.3 Getting around - what to see - what to avoid...............................51 6.3.1 Getting around ......................................................................51 6.3.2 What to see ...........................................................................51 3
6.3.3 What to avoid....................................................................... 52 6.4 Cultural misunderstandings ........................................................ 52 6.5 Extras – Social conversations ..................................................... 53 6.6 Vocabulary .................................................................................. 53 6.7 Key .............................................................................................. 54 7
THE UBIQUITOUS ENGLISH ............................................................ 55 7.1 Language families ....................................................................... 55 7.2 Basic facts ................................................................................... 56 7.3 English versions .......................................................................... 58 7.4 Extras – differences in spelling, vocabulary, grammar............... 58 7.4.1 Vocabulary........................................................................... 59 7.5 A bit of facts that have influenced the language ......................... 60 7.6 Vocabulary .................................................................................. 63 7.7 Key .............................................................................................. 64
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BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................. 65
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ICONS USED ........................................................................................ 66
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FOREWORD Dear students, the study material which you are about to start to read has been designed to help you in the never-ending fight with learning a foreign language – this time the ubiquitous English language. The art of communication in a foreign language is the most complex thing that can be achieved as it requires a combination of individual skills – vocabulary (a base which is formed by other skills) and grammar (helping us to use vocabulary in appropriate structures, thus to express what we want), listening and pronunciation (enabling interaction). When communicating, these skills cannot exist independently of the others. Problems arise when all of them are needed in a quick interaction. Although we can feel strong in individual skills, their combination can bring a kind of disharmony. Here comes the time to help you reduce or even overcome such problems – active spoken expression is the primary objective. This study material is divided into several units discussing different topics. At the end of each unit, there is a vocabulary and key, which should make studying easier. And finally, if you have problems with understanding this introduction, I suggest you to try to read it after you go through the course. I hope that you will not have any problems. There is also a Czech version of this Foreword below – the only Czech words because the rest is only in English ☺.
PŘEDMLUVA Milí studenti, tento studijní materiál, který se právě chystáte začít číst, byl vytvořen k tomu, aby vám pomohl v nekonečném boji s učením se cizích jazyků – tentokrát se všudypřítomnou angličtinou. Umění komunikace v cizím jazyce je to nejsložitější, co se dá při tomto studiu dosáhnout, neboť vyžaduje kombinaci jednotlivých dovedností – znalost slovní zásoby (základ, který formujeme dalšími dovednostmi) a gramatických jevů (pomůžou nám dát slovní zásobu do správných struktur a tím vyjádřit to, co chceme a ne to, co nechceme), poslech a výslovnost (umožňuje interakci). Při konverzaci se jedna dovednost bez druhé neobejde, jsou neoddělitelné. Obtíže ale nastávají při nutnosti rychlého využití všech najednou. Vědět co chceme říci, najít správná slova, dát je do správného pořadí, správně je vyslovit. Ač nemusíme cítit problémy v jednotlivých dovednostech, v jejich kombinaci může nastat nesouhra. Tento studijní materiál a hlavně kurz vám má pomoci tyto obtíže zmírnit či snad překonat – aktivní slovní projev je primární cíl. Studijní materiál je rozdělen do kapitol probírající různá témata. Na konci každé kapitoly je slovní zásoba a klíč, což usnadní studium.
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