UNIVERSITAS BINA NUSANTARA
Jurusan Teknik Informatika Skripsi Sarjana Komputer Semester Ganjil tahun 2006/2007
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN APLIKASI MOBILE BLOGGING
Bagus Siswanto Kho Tony Willy
0700690590 0700710163 0700733873
Abstrak Perkembangan blog dan telepon seluler terus mengalami peningkatan. Blog mempunyai fungsi yang sangat beragam mulai dari catatan harian sampai dengan media publikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasikan kebutuhan blog sesuai dengan perkembangannya, melakukan analisa dan perancangan aplikasi mobile blog berbasis Java, menyediakan suatu media blogging baru dengan sistem offline. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka, penyebaran kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil pengumpulan data dianalisis dan dipakai sebagai sebagai acuan pembuatan sistem. Metode perancangan yang dipakai dalam pembuatan sistem adalah dengan menggunakan Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) melalui pendekatan Unified Modelling Language (UML). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah aplikasi mobile blog, yang akan memberikan kemudahan dalam pengaksesan blog, kapan saja dan dimana serta memberikan fasilitas blogging secara offline. Kata Kunci
: Weblog, Mobile.
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PRAKATA
Puji syukur kami panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas segala rahmatNya, sehingga skripsi yang berjudul “Analisis dan Perancangan Aplikasi Mobile Blogging” dapat diselesaikan dengan baik dan tepat pada waktunya. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk memenuhi persyaratan dalam menyelesaikan jenjang studi Strata1 (S1) jurusan Teknik Informatika di Universitas Bina Nusantara. Dalam kesempatan ini, perkenankan kami mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu kami dalam menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi ini, yaitu kepada: 1. Prof. Dr. Gerardus Polla. M.App.Sc, selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara atas semua pendidikan yang telah kami terima selama ini di Universitas Bina Nusantara. 2. Bapak Ir. Sablin Yusuf, M.Sc.,M.Comp.Sc, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Bina Nusantara yang telah menyediakan fasilitas-fasilitas sehingga kami dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini sebagaimana mestinya. 3. Bapak H. Mohammad Subekti, M.Sc, selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknik Informatika yang telah memberikan kesempatan, petunjuk, bimbingan dan masukan yang berharga kepada kami untuk menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 4. Bapak Gintoro S.kom., MM, selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi, yang telah banyak memberikan bimbingan dan nasihat selama penyusunan skripsi ini, sehingga skripsi ini dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. 5. Seluruh dosen Universitas Bina Nusantara yang telah memberikan bekal dan tuntutan dalam menyelesaikan gelar kesarjanaan ini.
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6. Bapak Stevanus Firman Kaligis, S. Kom dari Elasitas , Endah Nasution dan William selaku responden dari Indonesian Top Ten Blogger dan responden-responden blogger lainnya, yang telah bersedia memberikan kesempatan kepada kami untuk melakukan penelitian serta memberikan informasi yang diperlukanberkaitan dengan penyusunan skripsi ini. 7. Orang tua dan keluarga kami yang telah banyak memberikan perhatian dan dorongan moral serta materi dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 8. Teman-teman asisten yang telah banyak memberikan masukan dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 9. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat kami sebutkan satu per satu baik yang secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung telah membantu dalam penulisan skripsi ini. Kami berharap semoga skripsi ini dapat memberikan manfaat dan sumbangan untuk perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi informasi. Akhir kata, kami akan sangat menghargai jika ada kritik dan saran yang membangun dari pembaca untuk penyempurnaan skripsi ini.
Jakarta, Januari 2007
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL LUAR .......................................................................................... i HALAMAN JUDUL DALAM ..................................................................................... ii HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN HARDCOVER .......................................................... iii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN DEWAN PENGUJI .................................................. iv ABSTRAK...................................................................................................................... v PRAKATA..................................................................................................................... vi DAFTAR ISI................................................................................................................ viii DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. xvi DAFTAR LAMPIRAN................................................................................................ xx BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................ 1 1.1
Latar Belakang ................................................................................................... 1
1.2
Ruang Lingkup................................................................................................... 3
1.3
Tujuan dan Manfaat ........................................................................................... 4
1.4
Metode Penelitian .............................................................................................. 5
1.5
Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................................ 6
BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI ....................................................................................... 8 2.1
Weblog ................................................................................................................ 8 2.1.1
Perkembangan Weblog ................................................................................ 8
2.1.2
Mobile Blog ................................................................................................ 22
2.1.2.1
Teknologi Mobile Blog ................................................................. 23
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2.2
Protokol HTTP..............................................................................................24 2.2.1 Request Method.......................................................................................25
2.3
Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME)........................................................................26 2.3.1
Teknologi Java........................................................................................26
2.3.2
Servlet .....................................................................................................27
2.3.3 Java Entity Beans ....................................................................................28 2.3.4 Pengenalan J2ME....................................................................................28 2.3.5
MIDlet.....................................................................................................29
2.3.6 Emulator Telepon Seluler Java...............................................................29 2.3.7
Konfigurasi J2ME...................................................................................30
2.3.8 Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) ...........................................32 2.3.9 Record Management System (RMS).......................................................32 2.4
Database .......................................................................................................36 2.4.1 Pengertian Database dan Komponennya................................................36 2.4.2 Database Management System (DBMS) ...............................................37 2.4.2.1
Pengertian DBMS .......................................................................37
2.4.2.2
Keuntungan dan Kerugian DBMS..............................................38
2.4.3 Desain Database .....................................................................................39 2.4.3.1
Pendekatan pada Desain Database .............................................39
2.4.3.2
Pemodelan Data ..........................................................................40
2.4.4
Normalisasi .............................................................................................42
2.5
Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) ...................................................42
2.6
Object Oriented.............................................................................................46
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2.6.1
Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD)......................................46
2.6.2
Konsep Encapsulation, Inheritance, dan Polymorphism........................47
2.6.2.1
Encapsulation .............................................................................47
2.6.2.2
Inheritance ..................................................................................48
2.6.2.3
Polymorphism .............................................................................48
2.7 Unified Modelling Language (UML)..................................................................48 2.7.1
Class Diagram.........................................................................................49
2.7.2
Use Case Diagram ..................................................................................52
2.7.3
Sequence Diagram...................................................................................54
2.7.4
Deployment Diagram ..............................................................................55
BAB 3 ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SOLUSI................................................57 3.1
Gambaran Umum Teknologi ........................................................................57
3.2
Analisis Permasalahan ..................................................................................59 3.2.1
Analisis Kuesioner ..................................................................................60
3.3
Analisis Pemecahan Masalah........................................................................65
3.4
Perancangan Solusi .......................................................................................67 3.4.1
Perancangan Proses Bisnis Diusulkan Pada Solusi ................................67
3.4.2
Model Konseptual Aplikasi Yang Diusulkan .........................................69
3.4.3
Use Case Sistem Aplikasi Yang Diusulkan............................................70
3.4.4
Perancangan Struktur Fungsi/Menu Pada Solusi....................................97
3.4.5
Perancangan Layar (Storyboard) Pada Solusi ........................................99
3.4.6
Class Diagram.......................................................................................111
3.4.7
Sequence Diagram ................................................................................111 10
3.4.8
Spesifikasi Modul .................................................................................115
3.4.8.1
Spesifikasi Modul Register.......................................................115
3.4.8.2
Spesifikasi Modul Login...........................................................116
3.4.8.3
Spesifikasi Modul Main............................................................117
3.4.8.4
Spesifikasi Modul Personal......................................................117
3.4.8.5
Spesifikasi Modul Personal Content ........................................118
3.4.8.6
Spesifikasi Modul Update Content Personal............................118
3.4.8.7
Spesifikasi Modul Public..........................................................119
3.4.8.8
Spesifikasi Modul Public Content ............................................119
3.4.8.9
Spesifikasi Modul Update Content Public................................119
3.4.8.10
Spesifikasi Modul Add Comment..............................................120
3.4.8.11
Spesifikasi Modul View Comment ............................................120
3.4.8.12
Spesifikasi Modul View Comment Content ..............................120
3.4.8.13
Spesifikasi Modul Update Comment ........................................121
3.4.8.14
Spesifikasi Modul Write Blog...................................................121
3.4.8.15
Spesifikasi Modul Friends........................................................122
3.4.8.16
Spesifikasi Modul Add Friends.................................................122
3.4.8.17
Spesifikasi Modul Refresh ........................................................122
3.4.8.18
Spesifikasi Modul Logout.........................................................123
3.4.8.19
Spesifikasi Modul Login as Admin...........................................123
3.4.8.20
Spesifikasi Modul View Blog as Admin....................................123
3.4.8.21
Spesifikasi Modul Update Blog as Admin................................124
3.4.8.22
Spesifikasi Modul View Comment as Admin ............................124
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3.4.8.23
Spesifikasi Modul Update Comment as Admin ...................... 124
3.4.8.24
Spesifikasi Modul Logout as Admin....................................... 125
3.4.9 Perancangan Basis Data Pada Solusi ................................................. 125 3.4.10 Perancangan RMS Pada Solusi.......................................................... 137 BAB 4 IMPLEMENTASI DAN EVALUASI ........................................................ 141 4.1
Implementasi ............................................................................................ 141 4.1.1 Deployment Diagram ........................................................................ 142 4.1.2 Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras .............................................................. 142 4.1.3 Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak ............................................................. 143 4.1.4 Kebutuhan Jaringan........................................................................... 145 4.1.5 Kebutuhan Sumber Daya Manusia .................................................... 145 4.1.6 Petunjuk Instalasi .............................................................................. 146 4.1.7 Perbandingan Sistem Offline dan Online ........................................... 147 4.1.8 Petunjuk Pengoperasian .................................................................... 148
4.2
Evaluasi .................................................................................................... 171 4.2.1 Kuesioner Kepada Pengguna............................................................. 171 4.2.2 Evaluasi Kekurangan dan Kelebihan Aplikasi ................................... 178
BAB 5 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................... 182 5.1
Kesimpulan............................................................................................... 182
5.2
Saran ........................................................................................................ 183
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................. 185 DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP ............................................................................... 188 LAMPIRAN
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Record Store Database (Anonim23) ..............................................................34 Tabel 3.1 Rangkuman Permasalahan..............................................................................59 Tabel 3.2 Rangkuman Solusi Untuk Permasalahan........................................................66 Tabel 3.3 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Register Account.................................70 Tabel 3.4 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Login as User .....................................71 Tabel 3.5 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Blog............................................72 Tabel 3.6 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Personal Blog ............................72 Tabel 3.7 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Personal Content.......................73 Tabel 3.8 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Delete Blog .........................................74 Tabel 3.9 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Clear All Blog.....................................75 Tabel 3.10 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Update Blog Personal ......................76 Tabel 3.11 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Public Blog ..............................77 Tabel 3.12 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Public Content.........................78 Tabel 3.13 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Update Blog Public ..........................79 Tabel 3.14 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Write Comment.................................80 Tabel 3.15 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Comment..................................81 Tabel 3.16 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Comment Content ....................81 Tabel 3.17 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Delete Comment ...............................82 Tabel 3.18 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Clear All Comment ...........................83 Tabel 3.19 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Update Comment ..............................84 Tabel 3.20 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Write Blog.........................................84
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Tabel 3.21 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Write Personal Blog .........................85 Tabel 3.22 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Write Public Blog.............................86 Tabel 3.23 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Friend List ...............................86 Tabel 3.24 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Friend Public Blog..................87 Tabel 3.25 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Friend Public Content .............88 Tabel 3.26 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Add Friend........................................89 Tabel 3.27 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Accept Friend ...................................90 Tabel 3.28 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Reject Friend ....................................90 Tabel 3.29 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Refresh Blog .....................................91 Tabel 3.30 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Logout as User .................................91 Tabel 3.31 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Login as Admin.................................92 Tabel 3.32 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Blog as Admin..........................92 Tabel 3.33 Use Case Description Dari Use Case View Comment as Admin..................93 Tabel 3.34 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Search Blog as Admin ......................94 Tabel 3.35 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Update Blog as Admin......................94 Tabel 3.36 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Search Comment as Admin...............95 Tabel 3.37 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Update Comment as Admin..............96 Tabel 3.38 Use Case Description Dari Use Case Logout as Admin...............................97 Tabel 3.39 Tabel TblMemoryUser................................................................................127 Tabel 3.40 Contoh Data dari Tabel TblMemoryUser..................................................128 Tabel 3.41 Tabel TblMemoryAdmin............................................................................128 Tabel 3.42 Contoh Data dari Tabel TblMemoryAdmin ..............................................129 Tabel 3.43 Tabel TblBlogPost ......................................................................................129
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Tabel 3.44 Tabel Contoh Data dari Tabel TblBlogPost...............................................130 Tabel 3.45 Tabel TblBlogComment .............................................................................131 Tabel 3.46 Contoh Data dari Tabel TblBlogComment................................................132 Tabel 3.47 Tabel TblFriendsList...................................................................................132 Tabel 3.48 Contoh Data dari Tabel TblFriendsList.....................................................133 Tabel 3.49 Tabel TblPublicDeletedBlogPost................................................................133 Tabel 3.50 Contoh Data dari Tabel TblPublicDeletedBlogPost...................................134 Tabel 3.51 Tabel TblPublicDeletedComment ..............................................................134 Tabel 3.52 Contoh Data dari Tabel TblPublicDeletedComment.................................134 Tabel 3.53 Tabel TblDownloadedBlog.........................................................................135 Tabel 3.54 Contoh Data dari Tabel TblDownloadedBlog...........................................135 Tabel 3.55 Tabel TblDownloadedFriend......................................................................136 Tabel 3.56 Contoh Data dari Tabel TblDownloadedFriend ........................................136 Tabel 4.1 Perbandingan Akses Situs Sistem Offline Dan Online .................................147 Tabel 4.2 Rangkuman Permasalahan, Solusi dan Evaluasi ..........................................179
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Grafik Responden Berdasarkan Status (Anonim5).....................................12 Gambar 2.2 Grafik Responden Berdasarkan Tempat Tinggal (Anonim5) .....................12 Gambar 2.3 Grafik Hal Yang Dilakukan Pertama Kali Mengunjungi Blog (Anonim5) 13 Gambar 2.4 Grafik Kepentingan Web Counter (Anonim5)............................................14 Gambar 2.5 Grafik Kepentingan Commenting System (Anonim5).................................15 Gambar 2.6 Pembagian Paket Pada Java 2 (Steiner, 2000, p3) ......................................28 Gambar 2.7 Emulator Telepon Seluler J2ME (Anonim19) ...........................................31 Gambar 2.8 Kerangka J2ME (Anonim19)......................................................................33 Gambar 2.9 Gambaran J2ME RMS dan MIDlet interfacing (Anonim24) .....................35 Gambar 2.10 An Eight-Stage SDLC (Turban, et. al., 2001, p.477)...............................44 Gambar 2.11 Notasi Class (Lethbridge,2002,p439) .......................................................50 Gambar 2.12 Notasi Multiplicity pada Class (Lethbridge,2002,p439)...........................51 Gambar 2.13 Class Diagram Dengan Hubungan Generalization (Lethbridge,2002,p439) .........................................................................................................................................51 Gambar 2.14 Class Diagram Dengan Hubungan Aggregation (Lethbridge,2002,p169)52 Gambar 2.15 Notasi Agregasi Dasar (Lethbridge,2002,p169) .......................................52 Gambar 2.16 Notasi Agregasi Komposisi (Lethbridge,2002,p169) ...............................52 Gambar 2.17 Class Diagram Dengan Hubungan Association (Lethbridge,2002,p155).53 Gambar 2.18 Notasi Use Case (Lethbridge,2002,p238).................................................53 Gambar 2.19 Notasi Actor (Lethbridge,2002,p238) .......................................................54 Gambar 2.20 Contoh Use Case Diagram (Lethbridge,2002,p241).................................55
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Gambar 2.21 Notasi Object Lifeline dan Activation (Lethbridge,2002,p440) ...............55 Gambar 2.22 Contoh Sequence Diagram (Lethbridge,2002,p273).................................56 Gambar 2.23 Contoh Deployment Diagram (Lethbridge,2002,p442) ............................57 Gambar 3.1 Diagram Persentase Lama Menggunakan Blog ..........................................61 Gambar 3.2 Diagram Persentase Jumlah Blog yang dimiliki .........................................62 Gambar 3.3 Diagram Persentase Pengaksesan Blog dalam 1 Minggu ...........................63 Gambar 3.4 Diagram Persentase Ketertarikan terhadap Mobile Blog ............................64 Gambar 3.5 Diagram Persentase Aplikasi Mobile Blog yang Dipilih ............................64 Gambar 3.6 Model Konseptual Aplikasi.........................................................................69 Gambar 3.7 Rancangan Halaman Register ...................................................................100 Gambar 3.8 Rancangan Halaman Login.......................................................................100 Gambar 3.9 Rancangan Halaman Main........................................................................101 Gambar 3.10 Rancangan Halaman Personal................................................................101 Gambar 3.11 Rancangan Halaman Personal Content ..................................................102 Gambar 3.12 Rancangan Halaman Update Personal ...................................................102 Gambar 3.13 Rancangan Halaman Public....................................................................103 Gambar 3.14 Rancangan Halaman Public Content ......................................................103 Gambar 3.15 Rancangan Halaman Update Content Public..........................................104 Gambar 3.16 Rancangan Halaman Add Comment........................................................104 Gambar 3.17 Rancangan Halaman View Comment ......................................................105 Gambar 3.18 Rancangan Halaman View Comment Content.........................................105 Gambar 3.19 Rancangan Halaman Update Comment ..................................................106 Gambar 3.20 Rancangan Halaman Write Blog.............................................................106
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Gambar 3.21 Rancangan Halaman Friends..................................................................106 Gambar 3.22 Rancangan Halaman Add Friends...........................................................107 Gambar 3.23 Rancangan Halaman Refresh ..................................................................107 Gambar 3.24 Rancangan Halaman Login as Admin .....................................................108 Gambar 3.25 Rancangan Halaman View Blog as Admin..............................................108 Gambar 3.26 Rancangan Halaman View Comment as Admin ......................................109 Gambar 3.27 Rancangan Halaman Update Blog as Admin..........................................110 Gambar 3.28 Rancangan Halaman Update Comment as Admin ..................................111 Gambar 3.29 Entity Relationship Diagram Memory....................................................137 Gambar 4.1 Deployment Diagram Dari Memory.........................................................142 Gambar 4.2 Kebutuhan Jaringan Memory....................................................................145 Gambar 4.3 Tampilan Halaman Registrasi...................................................................149 Gambar 4.4 Tampilan Halaman Login..........................................................................150 Gambar 4.5 Tampilan Halaman Utama (Main) ............................................................151 Gambar 4.6 Tampilan Halaman Blog Personal............................................................153 Gambar 4.7 Tampilan Halaman Personal Content.......................................................154 Gambar 4.8 Tampilan Halaman Update Content Personal ..........................................155 Gambar 4.9 Tampilan Halaman Blog Public................................................................156 Gambar 4.10 Tampilan Halaman Public Content.........................................................157 Gambar 4.11 Tampilan Halaman Update Content Public............................................158 Gambar 4.12 Tampilan Halaman Add Comment ..........................................................159 Gambar 4.13 Tampilan Halaman View Comment.........................................................160 Gambar 4.14 Tampilan Halaman View Comment Content...........................................161
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Gambar 4.15 Tampilan Halaman Update Comment.....................................................162 Gambar 4.16 Tampilan Halaman Write Blog................................................................163 Gambar 4.17 Tampilan Halaman Friends.....................................................................164 Gambar 4.18 Tampilan Halaman Add Friends.............................................................165 Gambar 4.19 Tampilan Halaman Refresh.....................................................................166 Gambar 4.20 Tampilan Halaman Login as Admin........................................................167 Gambar 4.21 Tampilan Halaman View Blog as Admin ................................................168 Gambar 4.22 Tampilan Halaman View Comment as Admin.........................................169 Gambar 4.23 Tampilan Halaman Update Blog as Admin.............................................170 Gambar 4.24 Tampilan Halaman Update Comment as Admin.....................................171 Gambar 4.25 Persentase Ketertarikan Terhadap Tampilan Memory............................172 Gambar 4.26 Persentase Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Blogging Melalui Memory..............173 Gambar 4.27 Persentase Kemudahan Menggunakan dan Mempelajari Memory.........174 Gambar 4.28 Persentase Kemudahan Dalam Hal Teknis .............................................175 Gambar 4.29 Persentase Pentingnya Sistem Offline Pada Memory .............................176 Gambar 4.30 Persentase Kontribusi Memory Dalam Aktivitas Blogging....................177 Gambar 4.31 Persentase Responden Memilih Memory Sebagai Media Blogging Baru.... .......................................................................................................................................178
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1
Use Case Diagram Sistem Aplikasi Yang Diusulkan...................... L1
Lampiran 2
Class Diagram Memory user........................................................... L2
Lampiran 3
Class Diagram Memory admin........................................................ L3
Lampiran 4
Sequence register............................................................................. L4
Lampiran 5
Sequence login................................................................................. L5
Lampiran 6
Sequence view personal blog........................................................... L6
Lampiran 7
Sequence view public blog............................................................... L7
Lampiran 8
Sequence write personal blog.......................................................... L8
Lampiran 9
Sequence write public blog.............................................................. L9
Lampiran 10
Sequence view friend list................................................................ L10
Lampiran 11
Sequence add friend....................................................................... L11
Lampiran 12
Sequence refresh ............................................................................ L12
Lampiran 13
Sequence logout as user................................................................. L13
Lampiran 14
Sequence login as admin................................................................ L14
Lampiran 15
Sequence view blog and comment as admin.................................. L15
Lampiran 16
Sequence logout as admin.............................................................. L16
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