DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Cheng, A. (2002), Basics in GOCAD Property Modeling, T-Surf Corporation, Houston. Chevron Corporate Reserves Group (2006), Chevron Corporation Reserves Manual, Chevron, San Ramon, CA, USA (Unpublished). Chevron EDS User Meeting (2003), Uncertainty Driven Work Processes, Houston (Unpublished). Chevron ETC (2002), Reservoir Characterization School, San Ramon, CA, USA (Unpublished). Chevron ETC - Reservoir Simulation Consulting (2003), Uncertainty Analysis Using Experimental Design, San Ramon, CA, USA (Unpublished). Deutsch, C.V. (2002), Geostatistical Reservoir Modeling, Oxford University Press Inc., 198 Madison Avebue, New York 10016. Dubrule, O. (2003), Geostatistics for Seismic Data Integration in Earth Models, Distinguished Instructor Short Course EAGE, Distinguished Instructor Series, No.6, Tulsa, Oklahoma. EPTC - Stratigraphy and Geostatistics Team (2003), GOCAD/JACTA Workshop for Uncertainty Analysis, Houston, Texas (Unpublished). Etherington, J., Ritter, J.E. (2007), 2007 SPE/WPC/AAPG/SPEE Petroleum Resource Management System, Proceedings of 69th EAGE Conference & Exhibition Incorporating SPE EUROPEC 2007, London. Eubank, R.T., Makki, C.A. (1981), Structural Geology of Central Sumatera BackArc Basin, Proceedings of 10th Indonesian Petroleum Conference, Jakarta, 153196. Hall, R. (1995), Plate Tectonic Reconstruction of the Indonesian Region, Proc. IPA 21th Ann. Conv., vol 1, 71-85. Heidrick, T.L., Aulia, K. (1993), A Structural and Tectonic Model of the Coastal Plain Block, Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia, Proc. IPA 22th Ann. Conv., vol 1, 285-317. Isaaks, E. H., Srivastava, R. M. (1989), Applied Geostatistics: Oxford University Press.
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ITB, URS (2002), Hydrogeological Study of Duri Field Riau, Sumatera, Report for PT. Caltex Pacific Indonesia (Unpublished). Jansen J.L., Lake, L.W., Corbett, P.W.M., Goggin, D.J. (1997), Statistics for Petroleum Engineers and Geoscientists, Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, Johannesen, D.C., Lyle, J.H., Hunter, W.A. (1990), The Geology of the Duri Oil Field Sumatera, Indonesia, PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia. Johanses, S (2006), Duri G&G Standardization Guideline Picking and Mapping of Original Fluid Contacts, Heavy Oil Technical Team, PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia, Duri (Unpublished). Johansen, S., Zalan, T., Tran, T. (2005), 2005 Major Field Reviews: Guidelines for Estimation of Uncertainty in OOIP, Heavy Oil Technical Team, PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia, Duri (Unpublished). Meddaugh, S. W., Pyrcz, M.J. (2006), Geostatistics Course Notes, Reservoir Modeling and Quantitative Stratigraphy, Earth Science Technology Department, Chevron. Murtha, J. (2000), Decision Involving Uncertainty, an @RISK tutorial for the petroleum industry, Palisade Corporation. Pulunggono, A., Cameron, N.R. (1984), Sumatra Microplates, Their Characteristics and Their Role in the Evolution of the Central and South Sumatra Basins, Proc. IPA 13th Ann. Conv., vol 1, 121-124. Syafruddin (2005), Pola Strukutr dan Rezim Tetonik Lapangan Minyak Duri dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Sifat dan Karakter Patahan, Tesis Program Magister, ITB, Bandung. Tran, Tom (2007), Duri Full Field Model workflow documentation, Technology Support, PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia, Indo Asia Business Unit (Unpublished). William, H.H., and Eubank, R.T. (1995), Hydrocarbon Habitat in the Rift Graben of the Central Sumatra Basin, Indonesia, in Lambaise, J.J., ed., Hydrocarbon Habitat in Rift Basin, Geol, Soc. Zalan T., Subiyantoro G. (2006), Duri Formation Evaluation Open Hole – Guideline, Asset Department, Heavy Oil Operating Unit, PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia, Duri (Unpublished).
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LAMPIRAN
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Lampiran 1. Konversi log permeabilitas ke nilai permeabilitas
Permeabilitas (k)
Log10(k)
Mili Darcy (mD) 10000 5000 1000 500 100 50 10 5 1 0.5 0.1 0.05 0.01
4.0 3.7 3.0 2.7 2.0 1.7 1.0 0.7 0.0 -0.3 -1.0 -1.3 -2.0
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Lampiran 2 Perbandingan histogram vsh sumur (bawah) dan model (atas).
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Lampiran 3 Perbandingan histogram phie sumur (atas) dan model (bawah).
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Lampiran 4 Perbandingan histogram sw sumur (atas) dan model (bawah).
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Lampiran 5 Perbandingan histogram log permeabilitas sumur (atas) dan model (bawah).
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Lampiran 6 Contoh Rumusan OOIP dalam Script
Rumusan OOIP dalam script adalah sebagai berikut: { if ( … ) {ooip= ooip +CELL_VOLUME *7758.48*(1-ColCok_simulation_sw)*SGS_simulation_phie*3.28084*3.28084 /(43560.6*1.022)} } (…)= condition seperti cut off Sedangkan untuk kondisi (if) berdasarkan 1C, 2C, dan 3C case, misalnya sebagai berikut:
1C Case: if( SGS_simulation_phie_p10 != SGS_simulation_phie_p10_NDV && ColCok_simulation_sw_p90 != ColCok_simulation_sw_p90_NDV && SGS_simulation_phie_p10 >= 0.255 && ColCok_simulation_sw_p90 <= 0.77)
2C Case: if( SGS_simulation_phie1 != SGS_simulation_phie1_NDV && ColCok_simulation_sw1 != ColCok_simulation_sw1_NDV && SGS_simulation_phie1 >= 0.24 && ColCok_simulation_sw1 <= 0.8)
3C Case if( SGS_simulation_phie_p90 != SGS_simulation_phie_p90_NDV && ColCok_simulation_sw_p10 != ColCok_simulation_sw_p10_NDV && SGS_simulation_phie_p90 >= 0.235 && ColCok_simulation_sw_p10 <= 0.87)
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Lampiran 7 Contoh hasil perhitungan OOIP dengan menggunakan parameter dan kombinasi yang berbeda.
1_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_all_lo= 156053244.00706056 2_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_mid= 161421457.6382713 3_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_phie_mid= 158025001.00935796 4_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_model_sw_mid= 189073895.05142328 5_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_model_phie_mid= 164607370.57237875 6_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_co_phie_p50= 163472606.03050277 7_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_phie_model_sw_mid= 191483440.4785876 8_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_model_sw_model_phie_mid= 199461826.03057772 9_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_model_sw_mid= 194078482.44401485 11_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_model_phie_mid= 170282478.20229751 12_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_co_phie_model_sw_mid= 196553607.68777734 13_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_phie_model_sw_model_phie_mid= 201964620.0815371 14_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_model_sw_model_phie_mid= 208166555.34602696 15_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_co_phie_model_phie_mid= 181264391.44284806 16_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_co_phie_model_sw_model_phie_mid= 207315936.8932007 2_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_hi= 170814207.49672845 3_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_phie_high= 158743054.42391887 4_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_model_sw_hi= 227364438.19875744 5_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_model_phie_hi= 173375315.2438297 6_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_co_phie_hi= 173780955.55866969 7_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_phie_model_sw_hi= 231262599.86808777 8_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_model_sw_model_phie_hi= 252514847.72932473 9_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_model_sw_hi= 244349112.62720948 10_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_phie_model_phie_hi= 174102159.69847587 11_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_model_phie_hi= 189805010.96897277 12_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_co_phie_model_sw_hi= 248555146.10870606 13_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_phie_model_sw_model_phie_hi= 255572913.65398741 14_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_model_sw_model_phie_hi= 274726790.93547535 15_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_co_phie_model_phie_hi= 192144316.89321542 16_pg_Layer_6_AOI_above_p10_owc_co_sw_co_phie_model_sw_model_phie_hi= 274726790.93547535
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