DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL .............................................................................................. i LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN ................................................................................. ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................. iii PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN .............................................................................. iv PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI................................................ v MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN ....................................................................... vi KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... vii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ ix DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... x DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. xiii DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... xv DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ...................................................................................... xvi BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1 A. Latar Belakang Masalah ..........................................................................1 B. Rumusan Masalah ...................................................................................5 C. Tujuan Penelitian .....................................................................................6 D. Manfaat Penelitian ...................................................................................6 BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 8 A. Landasan Teori ........................................................................................8 1.
Teori Belajar .....................................................................................8
2.
Pendidikan Karakter .......................................................................11 x
3.
Minat Belajar ..................................................................................12
4.
Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep ..................................................14
5.
Model Pembelajaran Snowball Throwing ......................................16
6.
Pembelajaran Matematika SD ........................................................19
7.
Materi Operasi Hitung Bilangan Bulat ...........................................21
B. Penelitian yang Relevan ........................................................................27 C. Kerangka Berpikir .................................................................................29 D. Hipotesis Tindakan ................................................................................31 BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ......................................................... 32 A. Setting Penelitian ...................................................................................32 1.
Tempat Penelitian ...........................................................................32
2.
Waktu Penelitian ............................................................................32
3.
Jenis Penelitian ...............................................................................33
B. Subjek Penelitian ...................................................................................33 C. Teknik dan Alat Pengumpulan Data ......................................................34 1.
Teknik Pengumpulan Data .............................................................34
2.
Alat Pengumpulan Data ..................................................................36
D. Analisis Data .........................................................................................40 1.
Analisis butir Soal ..........................................................................41
2.
Analisis Hasil Penelitian.................................................................46
E. Indikator Keberhasilan ..........................................................................55 F. Prosedur Penelitian ................................................................................55 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHAHASAN............................. 60
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A. Hasil Penelitian ......................................................................................60 1.
2.
Hasil Siklus I ..................................................................................62 a.
Perencanaan .............................................................................62
b.
Pelaksanaan .............................................................................64
c.
Observasi .................................................................................70
d.
Refleksi ....................................................................................88
Hasil Siklus II .................................................................................90 a.
Perencanaan .............................................................................90
b.
Pelaksanaan .............................................................................92
c.
Observasi .................................................................................98
d.
Refleksi ..................................................................................114
B. Pembahasan .........................................................................................116 1.
Peningkatan Minat Belajar Siswa .................................................116
2.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Operasi Hitung Bilangan Bulat ..............................................................................119
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN .................................................................. 125 A. Simpulan ..............................................................................................125 B. Saran ....................................................................................................126 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 128 LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................... 130 RIWAYAT HIDUP PENULIS ......................................................................... 275
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DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman Tabel 2. 1 Standar Kompetensi, Kompetensi Dasar dan Indikator ....................... 22 Tabel 3. 1 Kisi-kisi Tes Pemahaman Konsep Siklus I .......................................... 36 Tabel 3. 2 Kisi-kisi Tes Pemahaman Konsep Siklus II......................................... 37 Tabel 3. 3 Rancangan Kisi-Kisi Aktivitas Guru ................................................... 38 Tabel 3. 4 Rancangan Kisi-Kisi Aktivitas Siswa .................................................. 39 Tabel 3. 5 Rancangan Kisi-Kisi Minat Belajar Siswa .......................................... 39 Tabel 3. 6 Validitas Butir Soal Uji Coba .............................................................. 42 Tabel 3. 7 Klasifikasi Koefisien Reliabilitas......................................................... 43 Tabel 3. 8 Kriteria Indeks Tingkat Kesukaran Butir Soal ..................................... 44 Tabel 3. 9 Tingkat Kesukaran Soal Uji Coba ....................................................... 45 Tabel 3. 10 Kriteria Indeks Daya Beda dan Kualitas Butir Soal .......................... 46 Tabel 3. 11 Daya Pembeda Soal Uji Coba ............................................................ 46 Tabel 3. 12 Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) ................................................ 50 Tabel 3. 13 Persentase Pemahaman Konsep ......................................................... 50 Tabel 3. 14 Kriteria Ketuntasan Pemahaman Konsep .......................................... 51 Tabel 3. 15 Kategori Gain Ternormalisasi (g) ...................................................... 51 Tabel 3. 16 Kriteria Data Kualitatif ...................................................................... 53 Tabel 3. 17. Kriteria Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Guru ........................................... 53 Tabel 3. 18 Kriteria ketuntasan Minat Belajar Siswa ........................................... 54 Tabel 4. 1 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Guru Siklus I .............................................. 71 Tabel 4. 2 Hasil Aktivitas Siswa Siklus I.............................................................. 77 xiii
Tabel 4. 3 Hasil Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Siklus I................................. 82 Tabel 4. 4 Persentase Indikator Pemahaman Konsep Siklus I .............................. 83 Tabel 4. 5 Hasil Angket Minat Belajar Siswa Siklus I ......................................... 85 Tabel 4. 6 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Guru Siklus II ............................................. 99 Tabel 4. 7 Hasil Aktivitas Siswa Siklus II .......................................................... 104 Tabel 4. 8 Hasil Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Siklus II ............................. 109 Tabel 4. 9 Persentase Indikator Pemahaman Konsep Siklus II........................... 110 Tabel 4. 10 Hasil Angket Minat Belajar Siswa Siklus II .................................... 112 Tabel 4. 11 Rekapitulasi Minat Belajar Siswa .................................................... 116 Tabel 4. 12 Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa ......................................... 119 Tabel 4. 13 Hasil Indikator Pemahaman Konsep ................................................ 121 Tabel 4. 14 Hasil Uji Gain Ternormalisasi ......................................................... 123
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman Gambar 2. 1 Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................................ 30 Gambar 3. 1 Alur PTK Model Kemmis dan MC Taggart..................................... 56 Gambar 4. 1 Lembar Latihan Soal Siklus I ........................................................... 65 Gambar 4. 2 Lembar Latihan Soal Siklus II ......................................................... 94 Gambar 4. 3 Diagram peningkatan minat belajar siswa ..................................... 117 Gambar 4. 4 Diagram Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep ................................... 120 Gambar 4. 5 Peningkatan Indikator Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep ............. 122
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman Lampiran 1 Surat Keputusan ............................................................................... 132 Lampiran 2 Surat Penelitian ................................................................................ 135 Lampiran 3 Daftar Nama Siswa Kelas IV B SD Islam Darul Huda ................... 137 Lampiran 4 Daftar Hadir Siswa Kelas IV SD Islam Darul Huda ....................... 138 Lampiran 5 Kisi-Kisi Soal Uji Coba ................................................................... 139 Lampiran 6 Lembar Tes Uji Coba ...................................................................... 141 Lampiran 7 Kunci Jawaban Tes Soal Uji Coba .................................................. 146 Lampiran 8 Daftar Nilai Siswa Hasil Tes Uji Coba ............................................ 147 Lampiran 9 Analisis Validitas Soal Uji Coba ..................................................... 148 Lampiran 10 Analisis Reliabilitas Soal Uji Coba ............................................... 152 Lampiran 11 Analisis Data Kelompok Atas dan Bawah .................................... 154 Lampiran 12 Analisis Daya Pembeda Soal Uji Coba ......................................... 156 Lampiran 13 Analisis Tingkat Kesukaran Soal Uji Coba ................................... 157 Lampiran 14 Rekapitulasi Keputusan Butir Soal Tes Uji Coba ......................... 158 Lampiran 15 Penggalan Silabus Siklus I Pertemuan 1 ....................................... 159 Lampiran 16 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Siklus I Pertemuan 1 ........... 161 Lampiran 17 Lembar Kerja Siswa Siklus 1 Pertemuan 1 ................................... 169 Lampiran 18 Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Guru Siklus I Pertemuan 1 .............. 170 Lampiran 19 Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Siklus I Pertemuan 1 ............. 173 Lampiran 20 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Siklus I Pertemuan 1 ................. 178 Lampiran 21 Penggalan Silabus Siklus I Pertemuan 2 ....................................... 179 xvi
Lampiran 22 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Siklus I Pertemuan 2 ........... 182 Lampiran 23 Lembar Kerja Siswa Siklus 1 Pertemuan 2 ................................... 194 Lampiran 24 Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Guru Siklus I Pertemuan 2 .............. 195 Lampiran 25 Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Siklus I Pertemuan 2 ............. 198 Lampiran 26 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Siklus I Pertemuan 2 ................. 203 Lampiran 27 Hasil Lembar Kerja Evaluasi Siswa Siklus I ................................. 204 Lampiran 28 Hasil Tes Pemahaman Konsep Siklus I ......................................... 208 Lampiran 29 Lembar Angket Minat Belajar Siklus 1 ......................................... 210 Lampiran 30 Hasil Angket Minat Belajar Siswa Siklus I ................................... 212 Lampiran 31 Penggalan Silabus Siklus II Pertemuan 1 ...................................... 214 Lampiran 32 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Siklus II Pertemuan 1 .......... 217 Lampiran 33 Lembar Kerja Siswa siklus II Pertemuan 1 ................................... 225 Lampiran 34 Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Guru Siklus II Pertemuan 1 ............. 226 Lampiran 35 Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Siklus II Pertemuan 1 ............ 229 Lampiran 36 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Siklus II Pertemuan 1 ................ 234 Lampiran 37 Penggalan Silabus Siklus II Pertemuan 2 ...................................... 235 Lampiran 38 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Siklus II Pertemuan 2 .......... 238 Lampiran 39 Lembar Kerja Siswa Siklus II Pertemuan 2.................................. 250 Lampiran 40 Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Guru Siklus II Pertemuan 2 ............. 251 Lampiran 41 Lembar Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Siklus II Pertemuan 2 ............ 254 Lampiran 42 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa Siklus II Pertemuan 2 ................ 259 Lampiran 43 Hasil Lembar Kerja Evaluasi Siswa Siklus II ............................... 260 Lampiran 44 Hasil Tes Pemahaman Konsep Siklus II ....................................... 264
xvii
Lampiran 45 Lembar Angket Minat Belajar Siklus II ........................................ 266 Lampiran 46 Hasil Angket Minat Belajar Siswa Siklus II .................................. 268 Lampiran 47 Dokumentasi Kegiatan .................................................................. 270 Lampiran 48 Lembar Kartu Bimbingan .............................................................. 273
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