AN ANALYSIS OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN EDGAR ALLAN POE’S THREE SHORT STORIES
A THESIS
BY JULITA REG. NO. 030705041
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA MEDAN 2008
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to thank God the Almighty for His blessing for giving me ability and power to finish the writing of this thesis. I fully realize that writing a thesis is not an easy task; it takes a lot of time and energy. While doing so, I encounter many problems owing to my limited knowledge; nevertheless, with the help and encouragements from so many people I know, I have finally been able to overcome the problems and to complete this thesis. Therefore, on this occasion, I wish to express my heartiest gratitude to the following people. I would like to express my great gratitude to my supervisor, Drs.Syahri Saja, M.A and my co-supervisor, Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M.Hum for their advices, suggestions, helps and their valuable time to guide my during the process of writing this thesis. My sincere gratitude also goes to the head of the English Department, Dra. Swesana Lubis, M.Hum and the secretary of the English Department, Drs. Yulianus Harefa, MED TESOL for their guidance and supports during the year of my study. Next, I am grateful to all lectures of the English Department who have educated me and shared their valuable knowledge with me. I really realize that without them, I will not be able to succeed. I am greatly indebted to my beloved family: my father, Tan Shee Jong; my mother, Lindawaty Hartono and my dearest sister, Ruella, S.H for their spiritual and material supports. Finally, I would like to thank all my friends whose names cannot be mentioned one by one on this occasion. I want to thank from the deepest of my heart for their unceasing supports, priceless advice as well as their warm friendship. On the account of the fact that this thesis is still far from perfection, I greatly appreciate any constructive criticism that any concerned readers might have.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Medan, June 2008
Julita
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK Di dalam skripsi ini saya membahas tentang unsur Gothic dalam karya Edgar Allan Poe. Unsur Gothic yang akan diuraikan yaitu unsur misteri, unsur horor dan kegilaan karakter di dalam cerita pendek masing-masing. Misteri yaitu suatu unsur fiksi yang berhubungan dengan kriminal atau peristiwa-peristiwa yang misterius, yang tidak diketahui jawabannya. Biasanya kebenarannya akan diungkapkan di akhir dari cerita. Horor yaitu suatu unsur fiksi yang mana bisa membuat para pembaca merasa ketakutan, bulu kuduk berdiri dan ngeri. Sedangkan kegilaan dari karakter yaitu ditandai dengan perubahan sifat karakter tersebut yang menjadi buruk sehingga perbuatan yang diperbuat pun menjadi aneh. Untuk mencari kebenaran, saya menggunakan pendekatan interpretasi teks, yaitu dengan membaca berulang kali dan mengambil pernyataan-pernyataan sebagai data untuk menganalisis dan mencari kebenarannya. Setelah dianalisis, ternyata ditemukan bahwa unsur-unsur gothic tersebut adalah ciri khas dari setiap cerita Gothic dan merupakan unsur yang sangat penting karena dengan unsur-unsur tersebut, maka cerita Gothic akan menjadi menarik dan ketegangannya sangat terasa bahkan hingga kita telah selesai membacanya.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..……………………………………………………i ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………iii TABLE OF CONTENTS
……………………………………………………..iv
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
…………………………………………….1
1.1
Background of Analysis…. ………………………………1
1.2
Statement of Problem …………………………………….3
1.3
Objective of Analysis …………………………………….3
1.4
Scope of Analysis ………………………………………...3
1.5
Method of Analysis ………………………………………3
1.6
Significance of Analysis ………………………………….4
1.7
Review of Related Literature ……………………………..4
CHAPTER 2 A BRIEF DESCRIPTION IN GOTHIC LITERATURE ………...6 2.1
Historical Background of Gothic Literature ……………...6
2.2
Characteristics of Gothic Literature ………………………9 2.2.1
Mystery ………...………………………………..10
2.2.2
Horror ……………………………………………10
2.2.3
Madness of the character ……………………….. 12
CHAPTER 3 AN ANALYSIS OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN EDGAR ALLAN POE’S THREE SHORT STORIES ……………………………..13 3.1
Mystery ………………………………………………….13 3.1.1
The Oval Portrait ………………………………..14
3.1.2
The Black Cat …………………………………...16
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3.1.3 3.2
3.3
Berenice …………………………………………20
Horror ………………...…………………………………23 3.2.1
The Oval Portrat ………………………………...23
3.2.2
The Black Cat……………………………………25
3.2.3
Berenice …...…………………………………….28
Madness of the character …...…………………………...32 3.3.1
The Oval Portrait …...…………………………...33
3.3.2
The Black Cat ……...……………………………34
3.3.3
Berenice …………...…………………………….37
CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION …………………………..40 4.1
Conclusion ………………………………………………40
4.2
Suggestion……………………………………………….42
BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDICES Appendix I
: A BRIEF BIOGRAPHY OF EDGAR ALLAN POE
Appendix II
: THREE SHORT STORIES
v
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