ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN JAKARTA A DIALOGUE ON CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE Washington DC, 21-23 September 2009
Endang Setiawati Ratnaningsih Head of Public Works of South Jakarta Municipality Indonesia
1 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
Outline 1. 2. 3. 4.
Basic Information of Jakarta City Existing Drainage System and Delta Impact of Climate Change Adaptation Plan 1. Rehabilitation of Infrastructure 2. Mangrove Plantation 3. Community y Participation p
5. Conclusion
2 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
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Basic Information of Jakarta City 3 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
Jakarta Capital City
Jakarta is the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia, located 2 hours from Singapore g p and Bali by plane
Jakarta consists of 5 Municipalities, 1 Regency, 44 Districts and 267 Sub-districts
Land Area is ± 65.000 Ha (excluding the “Thousand Islands”)
Singapore
Jakarta
Bali
Tanjung Kait Pasir Tanjung Kamal Ancol
4 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
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Greater Jakarta
• Total Population of Jakarta: 8.5 million • Day Time Population: 10.7 million • Population Density: 13,000 to 15,000 per km2, in certain areas 20,000 to 30,000 per km2 • Total Population of Greater Jakarta : 25 million 5
Existing Drainage System and Delta 6 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
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13 River Systems cross Jakarta
Mookervart Angk e
Cakung Pesanggrahan
Jati Kramat Grogol
Buaran
40% of the northern area is below Mean Sea Level (MSL) Crossed by 13 River Systems from Krukut Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek) and Karu Brt upstream areas.
Sunter
Cipinang
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Baru Tmr
Ciliwung
JAKARTA CITY DRAINAGE SYSTEM 4 : Upstream - Water Retention Ciawi and Limo Water RetentionLAUT Development Plan JAWA KETERANGAN :
U
CISADANE RIVER IMPROVEMENT
Garis Batas Wil. Sungai Ciliwung - Cisadane
NORMALISASI CENGKARENG DRAIN
Batas Daerah Aliran Sungai
Cimanceuri
K. Tahang
Cengkareng Drain
Jalan Kereta Api
Serpong
K. Marunda K. Buaran
K. Cideng
Program Pengendalian Banjir ( Alternatif I )
Cikarang
K. Cakung
K. Jatikramat
BEKASI
KARAWANG
Pondok Gede
Ciputat
Cibeureum
Ciliwung
ke Serang
K. Krukut
+ 16.46
K. Mampang
+ 6.01
WADUK LIMO PLAN
K. Cipinang
Curug
K. Grogol
Ciledug
Saluran Drainasi
Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta Raya
K. Sepak Sal. Meruya
Balaraja
K. Blencong K. Abang
Sungai
JAKARTA K. Sekretaris
TANGERANG
Ranca Sumur
Jalan raya
NORMALISASI BANJIR KANAL
Cimatuk
Cimanggis Cileungsi
Cibeet
DEPOK Cibarusa
Parung
Curug Gunung Putri
Jonggol
WADUK PARUNG BADAK PLAN Waduk Jatiluhur
ke Rangkasbitung
BOGOR Empang
WadukWADUK Halim GENTENG PLAN
+ 243.33
+ 240.97
Katulampa
ke Cianjur
WADUK CIAWI PLAN
0 Gn. Pangrango
2
4
6
8
10
12 km
PROYEK PENGELOLAAN SUMBER AIR DAN PENGENDALIAN BANJIR CILIWUNG-CISADANE
8
sws
08.11.2001
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BASIC CONCEPT OF JAKARTA CITY DRAINAGE SYSTEM 5
Flood Barrier Pond
2 West Canal
4 Upstream Local Storage
3
Pond
3
LOW LAYING AREA POLDER SYSTEM Gravity flow
1 Ciliwung River
1. Flood from upstream is diverted through the canal to the sea.
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2. Some rivers in downstream canal still flow by gravity.
East Canal
3. Polder system (gates, ponds, and pumping stations) in the low laying area is pumped to the sea.
Pond
2
4 Upstream Local Storage
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MAJOR RIVERS FLOWING TO JAKARTA AREA
4. Small lakes and reservoirs have to be developed and maintained in the southern/upstream areas. 5. Developing and improving the existing break water to prevent the impact of tide water 9
Impact of Climate Change 10 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
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Floods and Climate Change IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE : • Heavier rainfall due to the increase of sea surface temperature by 0 0.5 5 - 1o C. C • Higher tides due to the increase of sea level (estimated to be 0.5 cm per year) as one of the impacts of global warming. • 40% of the Jakarta area, particularly parts of North Jakarta, is low-land, lying below Mean Sea Level. • Aggravated by land subsidence increasing by 0.5 cm per year.
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Jakarta Flood 2007
TOTAL FINANCIAL LOSS : US $ 879,12 million
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Loss of Lives: 79, Refugees: 223,203, Coverage Area 70%
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Ad Adaptation i Plan Pl 13 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
Adaptation Plan : Rehabilitation of infrastructure
dredging
before
Water dike
after 14
Rehabilitation of Embankment
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JAKARTA CITY DRAINAGE SYSTEM 5 : Flood Barrier – Break Water - Reclamation Reclamation Plan - Jakarta Coastal
High Tide Break-water Rehabilitation Plan TANGGUL PANTAI MUTIARA
N Jakarta Map
Break-water
15 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
Adaptation Plan: Mangrove Plantation
before
after Mangrove plantation 16
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Community Participation : Capacity Building for First Responder
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Community Participation : Green ”Kampong” Development
18
9
Community Participation : Waste Management and Re-cycling
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CONCLUSION REMARK 20 GOVERNMENT OF JAKARTA CAPITAL CITY
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Conclution Remarks • Climate change phenomenon heavily affect Jakarta, especially in flooding problem • Currently, C tl th the Jakarta J k t Cit City Ad Administration i i t ti is i working on rehabilitation and improvements of infrastructures to adapt toward climate change • There is a necessity of future plan to adapt on climate change • The need of understanding and participation from private sectors • As there are community participations in supporting the program, a more widespread phenomenon is expected • The need of strong supports from high level decision makers
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