DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................. i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................ ii HALAMAN PERNYATAAN................................................................................ iii HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ............................................................................. iv MOTTO................................................................................................................. v KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... vi DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. x DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. xi DAFTAR GRAFIK................................................................................................ xiii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................... xiv ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ xv BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1 1.1.Latar Belakang ................................................................................................. 1 1.2.Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................ 2 1.3.Batasan Masalah .............................................................................................. 2 1.4.Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................................. 3 1.5.Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................... 3 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................ 4 2.1.Green Building atau Green Campus ................................................................. 4 2.2.Sistem Air Bersih dalam Konsep Green Campus .............................................. 6 2.3.Kelebihan Green Campus................................................................................. 11 2.4.Audit Lingkungan ............................................................................................ 11 2.5.Prinsip Dasar Audit Lingkungan ...................................................................... 12 2.6.Konsep Penilaian dalam Green Building atau Green Campus ........................... 13 2.7 Profil Universitas Islam Indonesia .................................................................... 24 2.8 Studi Kasus Green Campus .............................................................................. 27 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ......................................................................... 35 3.1. Kerangka Penelitian ...................................................................................... 35 3.2. Lokasi Penelitian .......................................................................................... 36
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3.3. Objek Penelitian ........................................................................................... 37 3.4. Jenis Penelitian ............................................................................................. 37 3.5. Waktu Penelitian........................................................................................... 37 3.6. Alat Penelitian .............................................................................................. 37 3.7. Jenis Data ..................................................................................................... 37 3.8. Teknik Analisa Data ..................................................................................... 38 3.8.1. Analisa Data dengan Menggunakan SCAT ................................................. 38 3.8.2. Analisa Data dengan Menggunakan Form Penilaian ................................... 40 3.9. Metode Penilaian .......................................................................................... 40 3.9.1. Penilaian dengan SCAT.............................................................................. 41 3.9.2. Penilaian dengan Form Penilaian ................................................................ 42 3.10. Analisa Kualitas Air Bersih........................................................................... 42 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN ANALISIS DATA ................................... 44 4.1 Umum .............................................................................................................. 44 4.2 Hasil dan Pembahasan ...................................................................................... 45 4.2.1. Fasilitas Pengelolaan Air Hujan .................................................................... 46 4.2.1.1. Sumur Resapan Air Hujan ......................................................................... 51 4.2.2. Fasilitas Penyedia Air Bersih ........................................................................ 53 4.2.2.1. Jumlah Kebutuhan Air Bersih .................................................................... 68 4.2.2.2. Titik Kebocoran Pipa Air Bersih................................................................ 70 4.2.2.3. Analisa Kualitas Air Bersih ....................................................................... 71 4.3 Analisa Hasil Skoring Gedung ......................................................................... 76 BAB V KESIMPULAN, SARAN, dan REKOMENDASI .................................. 82 5.1.Kesimpulan ...................................................................................................... 82 5.2.Saran ................................................................................................................ 83 5.3.Rekomendasi.................................................................................................... 83 DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1.
Jumlah Penghuni Gedung Kampus Terpadu Universitas Islam Indonesia .......................................................................................... 24
Tabel 3.1.
Hasil Penskalaan Bangunan ............................................................... 41
Tabel 3.2.
Hasil Penskalaan Bangunan ............................................................... 42
Tabel 4.1.
Hasil Observasi Pengelolaan Air Hujan ............................................. 48
Tabel 4.2
Hasil Observasi Berdasarkan Form Penilaian..................................... 50
Tabel 4.3.
Hasil Observasi Sistem Penyediaan Air Bersih .................................. 55
Tabel 4.4.
Hasil Penilaian Berdasarkan Form Penilaian (Air Bersih) .................. 60
Tabel 4.5.
Jumlah Fasilitas Alat Penyedia Air di Setiap Gedung ........................ 65
Tabel 4.6.
Persentase Alat Hemat Air ................................................................. 66
Tabel 4.7.
Persentase Alat dalam Kondisi Baik .................................................. 67
Tabel 4.8.
Analisa umlah Konsumsi Air Bersih .................................................. 69
Tabel 4.9.
Analisa Skoring Berdasarkan SCAT .................................................. 77
Tabel 4.10. Analisa Skoring Berdasarkan Form Penilaian .................................... 78 Tabel 4.11. Hasil Penskalaan Bangunan ............................................................... 79 Tabel 4.12. Hasil Penskalaan Bangunan ............................................................... 80
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Program Konservasi Air pada Bangunan Hijau ................................ 7 Gambar 2.2. Toilet Dual-Flush ............................................................................ 8 Gambar 2.3. Tombol Pemisah ............................................................................. 8 Gambar 2.4. Tampak Luar Bio-Toilet .................................................................. 9 Gambar 2.5. Tampak Dalam Bio-Toilet .............................................................. 9 Gambar 2.6. Bagian Bio-Toilet ............................................................................ 9 Gambar 2.7. Sistem Daur Ulang Air Limbah pada Bangunan Hijau ..................... 10 Gambar 2.8. Sistem Penilaian LEED ................................................................... 14 Gambar 2.9. Sistem Penilaian GBCI (Greenship) ................................................ 15 Gambar 2.10. Sistem Penilaian Green Building Index (GBI) ................................. 18 Gambar 2.11. Sistem Penilaian Sustainable Construction Assessment Tools (SCAT) .......................................................................................... 20 Gambar 2.12. Sistem Penilaian UI Green Metric World University Ranking .......... 22 Gambar 2.13. Tampak Luar (Kiri) dan Bagian Dalam (Kanan) Beitou Branch Library ............................................................................................ 27 Gambar 2.14. Desain Beitou Branch Library ......................................................... 28 Gambar 2.15. Perpustakaan Saat Masa Konstruksi (kiri) dan Perpustakaan Setelah Konstruksi (Kanan) ......................................................................... 30 Gambar 2.16. Sistem Ventilasi Ruangan (Kiri) dan Cerobong di Atap (Kanan) ..... 31 Gambar 2.17. Skema Ventilasi Saat Musim Panas ................................................. 31 Gambar 2.18. Skema Ventilasi Saat Musim Dingin ............................................... 31 Gambar 2.19. Kolam yang Digunakan Sebagai Pendingin ..................................... 32 Gambar 2.20. Desain Konservasi Air..................................................................... 32 Gambar 2.21. Perpustakaan Pusat UI ..................................................................... 33 Gambar 2.22. Desain Green Roof .......................................................................... 34 Gambar 2.23. Proses Penyiraman Tanaman ........................................................... 34 Gambar 3.1. Kerangka Penelitian ........................................................................ 35 Gambar 3.2. Titik Lokasi Penelitian .................................................................... 36 Gambar 3.3. Parameter Penilaian SCAT Holcim untuk Air Bersih....................... 39 xi
Gambar 3.4. Grafik Jaring Laba-Laba (Webbed) .................................................. 41 Gambar 3.5. Titik Lokasi Pengambilan Sampel Air ............................................. 43 Gambar 4.1. Titik Lokasi Sumur Resapan di Gedung Moh. Hatta (Perpustakan Pusat) .............................................................................................. 51 Gambar 4.2. Titik Lokasi Sumur Resapan di Gedung M. Natsir (FTSP) .............. 52 Gambar 4.3. Detail Sumur Resapan Air Hujan di Perpustakaan Pusat .................. 53 Gambar 4.4. Jaringan Pipa Utama Air Bersih ...................................................... 54 Gambar 4.5. Jenis Toilet Duduk yang Digunakan di Gedung Perpustakaan Pusat (Kiri) dan Model Single Flush (Kanan) ........................................... 63 Gambar 4.6. Jenis Toilet Duduk yang Digunakan di FIAI (Kiri) dan Urinal yang digunakan di FTI (Kanan) ............................................................... 63 Gambar 4.7. Jenis Toilet Jongkok yang Digunakan di FMIPA (Kiri) dan di Rusunawa (Kanan) .......................................................................... 63 Gambar 4.8. Jenis Shower yang Digunakan di Gedung Rektorat (Kiri) dan di Gedung Laboratorium Terpadu (Kanan) .......................................... 64 Gambar 4.9. Model Penyiraman Tanaman di Gedung Moh Hatta (Kiri) dan di Gedung FPSB (Kanan) .................................................................... 64 Gambar 4.10. Meteran Air di Rektorat (Kiri) dan Meteran Air Rusunawa (Kanan) 68 Gambar 4.11. Meteran Air di FTSP (Kiri) dan Meteran Air FTI (Kanan) ............... 69 Gambar 4.12. Titik Kebocoran Pipa Utama ........................................................... 70 Gambar 4.13. Titik Kebocoran Pada Saluran Air Bersih Wastafel (Rusunawa) ...... 70 Gambar 4.14. Keran Tidak Menutup Sempurna di Rusunawa ................................ 71
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DAFTAR GRAFIK
Grafik 4.1
Persentase Alat Hemat Air di Setiap Gedung ..................................... 66
Grafik 4.2
Persentase Alat dalam Kondisi Baik .................................................. 67
Grafik 4.3. Jumlah Pemakaian Air ....................................................................... 69 Grafik 4.4. Total Coliform dan E Coli pada Sampel Air ...................................... 73 Grafik 4.5. Hasil Pengujikan Tingkat Kekeruhan ................................................. 74 Grafik 4.6. Hasil Pengujian Kadar Nitrat ............................................................. 75 Grafik 4.7. Pengujian Kadar Fe dan Mn .............................................................. 75 Grafik 4.8. Hasil Skoring Setiap Gedung Berdasarkan SCAT .............................. 79 Grafik 4.9. Hasil Skoring Setiap Gedung Berdasarkan Form Penilaian ................ 80
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN 1
Jumlah Pemakaian Air dari PDAM
LAMPIRAN 2
Form Penilaian
LAMPIRAN 3
Rekap Hasil Observasi
LAMPIRAN 4
Sistem Jaringan Air Bersih Setiap Gedung
LAMPIRAN 5
Daftar Jumlah Penghuni Gedung
LAMPIRAN 6
Sustainable Construction Assessment Tool (SCAT)
LAMPIRAN 7
Hasil Pemeriksaan Kualitas Air
LAMPIRAN 8
Tabel MPN
LAMPIRAN 9
Hasil Observasi
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