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ENGLISH MODULE
Past Perfect Passive Past Perfect Continuous
Compiled by: Theresia R. V. H., S.Pd
I. Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar 3 Memahami, menerapkan, menganalisis pengetahuan faktual, konseptual, procedural berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya, dan humaniora dengan wawasan kemanusiaan, kebangsaan, kenegaraan, dan peradaban terkait penyebab fenomena dan kejadian, serta menerapkan pengetahuan procedural pada bidang kajian yang spesifik sesuai dengan bakat dan minatnya untuk memecahkan masalah. 3.11 Menganalisis fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan dengan topic Peacemaker. 4 Mengolah, menalar, dan menyaji dalam ranah konkret dan ranah abstrak terkait dengan pengembangan dari yang dipelajarinya di sekolah secara mandiri, dan mampu menggunakan metoda sesuai kaidah keilmuan 4.16 Menyusun kalimat sederhana dengan unsur kebahasaan past perfect passive; past perfect continuous II.
Tujuan Pembelajaran Siswa diharapkan dapat: 1. Memahami penggunaan past perfect passive; past perfect continuous 2. Membedakan penggunaan past perfect active dan passive dengan tepat.
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Past Tense
Conceptual Map
simple past past continuous Active past perfect past perfect continuous
Passive
Materi Pembelajaran
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PAST PERFECT 1. Understanding express an activity that was completed before another time activity or time in the past. 2. Pattern • S + had + V3 + (O) • S+ had not + V3 + (O) • Had +S +V3 + (O) 3. Adverb of time Before, by (the time) • after • Past perfect before/by Simple Past • Simple Past after Past Perfect 4. Ilustration <past ______________*______________*_____________ she had gone to Bali The teacher gave some exercises EXERCISE 1 Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or past perfect simple). 1. When he (wake up) .........................,his mother (already / prepare).........................breakfast. 2. We (go) .........................to London because we (invite) .........................for tea by the Queen.
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3. He (hear) .........................the news, (go) .........................to the telephone and (call) .........................a friend. 4. When she (start) .........................to learn English, she (already / learn) .........................French. 5. Jane (already / type) .........................ten pages when her computer (crash) ......................... 6. By the time he (arrive) .........................at the pub, they (run) .........................out of beer. 7. Before that day we (never / think) .........................of going to Japan. 8. I (know) .........................him for a long time before I (meet) ......................... his family. 9. They (not / know) .........................where to meet because nobody (tell) .........................them. 10. It (be) .........................cloudy for days before it finally (begin) ......................... to rain.
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Past Perfect Passive Forming the Passive • The object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb • The subject move to the end of the sentence and by is inserted before the noun (agent). • Change the verb into its past participle. Pattern Active Past simple: V2 I helped my mother Past perfect: had+v3 I had helped my mother
English Module
Passive Was/were+V3 My mother was helped by me Had+been+v3 My mother had been helped by me
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PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE
Function: Began in the past, continued to the second action also in the past. At that time he had been writing a novel for two months. When I came to the school last year, Mr. Heru had been teaching there for ten years. Pattern: S1 + had + been +Ving + (O) - Tony had been writing for an hour when the phone rang.
S1 + had not + been + Ving + (O) - Tony had not been writing for an hour when the phone rang.
Had + S1 + been + Ving + (O)? - Had Tony been writing for an hour when the phone rang?
Adverb of Time: for … before + Simple Past
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Notice the difference: - Bill had been saving since Christmas to buy a new bike. (Continuity) Bill had saved enough money to buy the bike he wanted. (Completion) - I’d been working hard, so I felt that I deserved a holiday. (Emphasizes the activity) I had worked hard, and the report was now finished. (Emphasizes the result) - When we met Simon and Pat, they had been riding. (We met after they had finished) When we met Simon and Pat, they were riding. (We met when they were riding) - When I got home, water had been leaking through the roof. (It was no longer leaking when I got there) When I got home, water was leaking through the roof. (It was leaking when I got there)
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References Azar, B.S. 1989. Understanding and using English Grammar. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Pucht, et al. English In Mind Teacher’s Book 4 Second ed. Anson: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
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