Univer, 99 % cari (plasma) Plasma Science from Nature to Laboratory and Business Innovation: Experience of Undip s Physics Department

Kuliah Umum, UNNES, Semarang, tanggal 19 Oktober 2016.

Plasma Science from Nature to Laboratory and Business Innovation: Experience of Undip’s Physics Department Muhammad Nur Centre for Plasma Research, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

NOBEL FISIKA 2016 David J. Thouless, Duncan Haldane dan J. Michael Kosterlitz, meraih Nobel Fisika 2016:

"for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter“ ==== Exotic Matter

“Materi Eksotis”: Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC). Materi gelap (dark matter plasma).

Univer, 99 % cari (plasma) “Ketika Langit Bagaikan Luluhan Perak (Plasma), (Q. S. Al. Ma’rij 8) “Dan Dia Menciptakan Jin dari Api tanpa asap” (Q. S. Ar-Rahman 15) Api tanpa asap (Plasma ???)

1

What is Plasma •

Plasma a fourth state of matter after gas, formed of positive ions, negative ions, electrons, excited molecules and atoms, free radicals. • Three state of matter that well kown: 1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas. PLASMA is the ANOTHER state of metter.

Kilat dan Petir َ‫َومِ نْ آيَا ِت ِه يُ ِري ُك ُم ا ْلب َْرقَ َخ ْوفا َو َط َمعا َويُ َن ِز ُل مِ ن‬ َ‫ض بَ ْع َد َم ْوتِهَا ۚ ِإنَّ فِي َذ ِلك‬ َ ‫سمَاءِ َماء فَيُحْ ِيي ِب ِه ْاْل َ ْر‬ َّ ‫ال‬ َ‫ت ِلقَ ْو ٍم يَ ْع ِقلُون‬ ٍ ‫ََليَا‬ ”Dan di antara tanda-tanda kekuasaanNya, Dia memperlihatkan kilat untuk (menimbulkan) ketakutan dan harapan, dan Dia menurunkan hujan dari langit, lalu menghidupkan bumi dengan air itu sesudah matinya. Sesungguhnya pada yang demikian itu benar-benar terdapat tanda-tanda bagi kaum yang mempergunakan akalnya. (Ar Rum, 24)”

What is PLASMA? “Fourth State” of matter Ionized gas at high temperature capable of conducting electrical current  Lightning is an example from nature  

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Center for Plasma Research, Diponegoro University

2

What is difference between Gas and Plasma? ION

Atoms (gas)

Electron Pada hari ketika langit menjadi seperti luluhan perak (PLASMA) (Q. Al Ma’Rij 8)

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PLASMA E N GAS

E R

LIQUID

SOLID

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G Y


3

Types of Plasma • Cold plasma Plasma that occurs in a state of thermal nonequilibrium between the electron and gas. Tion and Tgas = 1000 K, Te = 50000 K • Thermal plasma Plasma that occurs in a state of thermal nonequilibrium, baut heavy spicies of plasma (ion and gas) has temperature = 3000 K electron Te= 100 000 K • Hot plasma Plasma occurs in a state of thermal equilibrium. Electron density = ion density. Tion = T electron =Tplasma ( the order of 100 million K)

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Plasma In Nature

Aurora di Alaska Nabula

Cold plasma

Hot plasma

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4

Thermal plasma

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Plasma in laboratory

Cold plasma

Metal hardening

motorcycle spark plugs First Research, on Plasma at Physics Department Diponegoro University, 1998 10/26/2016


5

Center for Plasma Research (CPR) www.plasmatechno.com

Center for Plasma Research (CPR) is a research center of the plasma and its application. This center originated from independent studies in 1999, by utilizing the corona plasma for particle separation device. After success in the fields of environmental conservation, enthusiasts Plasma Science and Technology at the University of Diponegoro formed the Center for Plasma Research on February 10, 2005. CPR developed different types of reactors, based on Corona Discharge, Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma, Radio Frequency Plasma and Plasma Jet. Center is supported by a multi-disciplinary field of expertise, among others, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Informatics, Mathematics, Statistics, Chem. Engineering, Medicine, Animal Husbandry, Food Technology, Fisheries, Public Health. Plasma application include research activities, Environment Plasma, Plasma for Food, Plasma for Agriculture, Plasma for Textile, Plasma for Materials, Plasma for Medical and Plasma Energy to focus on Plasma Gasification. Fundamental research was also conducted among other issues a chain collision of electrons of atoms and molecules in the plasma, electro hydrodynamics, spectroscopy for plasma and area after plasma (after glow region), theoretically Tokomak Plasma also began to be touched by using Monte Carlo Simulation. CPR also did some initiation to spin off business that supported by researchers from the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB).

Basic Process for forming plasma Ionisation and exitation by electron impact A: Neutral molecule A*: Exited molecule/Radical A + e  A* + e (exitation) A*  A + hfp (photo-emission) A + e  A+ + e + e (ionisation distribution) A*+ e  A + efast (absorption) Photo exitation & ionisation A + hfp  A* (photo-exitation ) A + hfp A+ + e (photo-ionisation)



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Maxwell, Boltzmann, Saha dan Planck types particles • • • • • 10/26/2016

X + Y ----- X + Y Maxwell Ex + Ey =(Ex + E’) + (Ey-E’) changement cinetic energy X + Am + Emn ----- X + An Boltzmann deexitation exitation X + Am + Em ----- X + An+ + e Saha recombination ionization Am -----An+ + hf Planck absorption spontaneous emission Center for Plasma Research, Diponegoro University

6

Important Parameters Very Important Parameters of a plasma: = plasma density (ion / electron) = temperature of Ions and electrons (temperature plasma for Hot Plasma) Lawson Creteria: criteria indicate that a plasma in the conditions for fusion reaction

n T t = 6 x 1021 m-3 keV s 10/26/2016


Thermodynamics Equilibrium in Plasma The 4th state of Matter Thermodynamic Laws in PLASMA

are not equal Thermodynamic Laws in GAS

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Total Thermodynamic Equilibrium (TTE)

• A state of equilibrium has been reached • State in the riversible proces • Total Thermodynamic Equilibrium (TTE). In these circumstances TTE there is only one temperature (T = Tkin = Texc-Ti = Te), the thermodynamic temperature. Plasma in this condition follows the entire distribution functions (the laws of Maxwell, Boltzmann, Saha, and Planck).

T=Tkin=Texc-Ti=Te Plasma 10/26/2016


7

Local Thermodynamic Equlibrium (LTE) • In these systems there is a difference in temperature from one position to another position. Because of the unique temperature at the plasma was replaced by a joint sub-system temperature T1, T2, T3 T3

T2 Plasma

T1

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Local Field Equilibrium (LFE) Plasma did not have a unique temperature T although locally. Te (electronic temperature), Ti (temperature ionic) and Tg (gas temperature). Equilibrium level determined by the energy of charged particles under an electric field effect

E3

E2 E1

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Plasma


Plasma Application • Plasma and Tokamak Fusion Reactor • Industrial Applications • Plasma-Based Devices

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8

Kompetensi dan Fokus PTM

TM

PTO

ilmu dan teknologi teknik mesin melaksanakan pendidikan melaksanakan penelitian Mendarmakan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi mengembangkan kewirausahaan dibidang Teknik Mesin

(1) otomotif cakup kelistrikan, engine, sistem mekanik dan karoseri; (2) energi yang mencakup energi terbarukan, system pembangkit energi dan mesin konversi energi; dan (3) bahan mencakup perlakuan bahan, bahan ferro dan non ferro, proses produksi dan perancangan Ketiga keahlian tersebut mempunyai kaitan dengan dunia industri (enterpreneur), terkait pentediaan SDM

“SIAP (Skill, Inovation, Academic and Performance)” perawatan otomotif teknologi Otomotif

Nilai-nilai Religious, Jujur, peduli, santun, konservasi,

Enterpreneur

Enterpreneur

Enterpreneur

Material Technology PTM, TM, PTO, 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

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plasma for surface treatment plasma etching plasma for thin layer synthetic diamond films for thin-panel television system plasma synthesis of ceramic powders synthetic materials (eg arc on the fabrication of steel) ion implantation Electrical Insulating gas (high-voltage switch) Isolator on tranformator


Chemical PTM, TM, PTO,

1. 2. 3. 4.

Interaction of low energy electrons Plasma polymerization Isotopic enrichment Production of free radical compounds

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Environment PTM, TM, PTO, 1. 2. 3. 4.

Water treatment system Plasma to the surface cleaning Control of industrial effluent Control of air pollution from the combustion of hydrocarbons and coal 5. Separation of radioactive contaminated waste

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medical • • • • •

Pasteurization Sterilization of medical instruments Ozone theraphy Jet Plasma Wound theraphy etc.

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Plasma In our home • • • •

Plasma TV Lamp Air Condition etc

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Plasma Application Reseach in Diponegoro University 1. 2. 3. 4.

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ENVIRONMENT: control for Air Pollution, Biomedical, sterilizer, AGRICULTURE Metal hardening


Ozon Generator

Reaktor Ozon

11

Energi Alternatif/Hidrogen

Treatment minyak jelantah dengan plasma Argon

Air Pollution Control

Emission Gas

Plasma Generator

Ionization, Exitation, Free Radical production Plasma Chemistry Reaction New Compound /aerosol 10/26/2016


12

History of our Research 2000-2004 Reactor

HV Generat or

Gas

Flow

(%) removal

Additive gas

year

1st Generation

HV DCPLN

CO2 Simulation

static

62

yes

2000

2nd Generation

HV DCPLN

NO2 coal

static

65

yes

2000

2nd Generation

HV DCPLN

CO2 Simulation

static

85

yes

2001

3th Generation

HV DCPLN

CO2 ms 2 tag

static

60

yes

2002

4th Generation

HV DCPLN

HC ms 2 tag

Static

70

No

2003

5th Generation

HV DCPLN

COx ms 2 tag

Flow

30

No

2003

6th Generation

HV DCPLN

COx ms 4 tag

Static

70

No

2004

7th Generation

Mobile

COx ms 4tag bsn

Flow

65

No

2004

Generasi-7

Mobile

HC ms 4tag bsn

Flow

55

No

2004

Generasi-7

Mobile

NOx ms 4tag bsn

Flow

85

No

2004

Generasi-7

Mobile

SOx ms 4tag disel

Flow

58

No

2004

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Prototype Reaktor Plasma dan Mobile Generator

Mobbile Generator

Reaktor

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Result Motor cycle Pereduksian emisi pada veriasi rpm dan gigi 100

92,86

80 Reduksi (%)

Motorcyce Muffler % Removal Emission Gas HC maximum 62 % CO maximum 93 % CO2 maximum 55 %

CO

62,81

60

55,22 47,92

40

18,52

CO2

43,59

33,33 31,85

20

23,66 21,82

31,58 25

HC 25,57 20,83 10,53

26,53 10 9,09

0 0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

RPM

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14

vehicle

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Electro Katalytic Fuel Saver With PLASMA TECHNOLOGY

15

Metal Hardening

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Metal Hardening

Incresing of Hardness 300% -500 %

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Agriculture 10/26/2016


16

Nitrogen ions radiation to acelerate growing of mangrove • Mangrove

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Weigth of mangrove after 2 months

Weigth

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Plasma for inactivation of micro-organism

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17

Plasma reactor for decontimination

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Incubator E-choli coloni of e-coli

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3,5 3,5

7

Kurva lama waktu penyinaran plasma terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli 3,1 Kurva lama waktu penyinaran plasma terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli 3,1

3

7

Jumlah bakteri (x 10 )

Jumlah bakteri (x 10 )

3

2,52,5 2

21,5

1,5

1 0,6

0,5

1

0,4

0,4 0,2

0 0

0,5

20

0,6 40

60

80

0,4 (detik) waktu penyinaran plasma

0,1

100

0,4 0,2

0 0

20

40

60

80

0,1

100

waktu penyinaran plasma (detik)

Total colonies E. Coli before treatment 3,1x 107. After treatment 100 seconds become 0,1 x 107 Decrease 96,8 %. 10/26/2016


18

FUSI NUKLIR

PLASMA UNTUK ENERGI FUSI NUKLIR • PLASMA TOKOMAK Akronim bahasa Rusia: “Toridalnya Kamera ve Magnetnaya Katushka” = “Toroidal Chamber with Magnetic Coil” • Diusulkan Oleh Andri Sakharov dan Igor Tamm pada awal tahun 50-an : “Suatu Temperatur sangat tinggi yang dilepaskan Plasma dalam suatu kungkungan medan magnet (Magnetic Confinement), konduktifitas panas akan sangat menurun karena lintasan partikel-partikel bermuatan akan sangat kompak dengan garis medan magnet yang berbentuk helikal”

October 16

LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

Reaksi Fusi Thermonuklir secara Teoretis yang paling mudah dihasilkan

October 16


19

Illustrasi konfigursai Reaktor Plasma Tokamak

October 16


Kreteria Lawson n T t = 6 x 1021 m-3 keV s

October 16


Bagian dalam dari Reaktor Fusi Thermonuklir

October 16


20

“Tore Supra”,Prancis, Reaktor Fusi Thermonuklir pertama yang manggunakan koil super konduktor

October 16


Rancangan ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) Proyek: •Uni Eropa •USA •Jepang •Rusia •Korea •China •India

H = 60 m D = 40 m

October 16


Para ilmuwan MIT: tekanan plasma lebih dari dua atmosfer, meningkat 16% dari hasil tahun 2005, pada suhu 35 juta derajat Celcius dan berlangsung selama 2 (dua) detik, 14 Oktober 2016

Kreteria Lawson

n T t = 6 x 1021 m-3 keV s

21

Skema Reaktor Fusi beserta Turbin Generator KonvensionaL

October 16


Ozone Technology for Rice Storage System (OTRISS)

Ozone Formation mechanism • Ion and molecule reaction : O- + O2 O3 + e • ion molecule and Atom Reaction : O2- + O O3 + e • Three-Body ion-ion recombination: O2++ O- + O2  O3 + O2 • Exited Molecule and Molecule: O2*+ O2  O3 + O*

22

ROAD Map OTRISS

Nutrition Value in 100 gram of Rice No

Chemical Composition

Quantity

1

Carbohydrate

79 g

2

Glucose

0,12 g

3

Serat diet

1,3 g

4

Lipid

0,66 g

5

Protein

7,13 g

6

Water Content

14 g

7

Titamina (Vit.B1)

0,070 mg (5 % AKG)

8

Riboflavin (Vit B2)

0,049 mg (3 % AKG)

9

Niasin (Vit B3)

1,6 mg mg (11 % AKG)

10

Acid pantotenic (B5)

1,014 mg (20 % AKG)

11

Vitamin B6

0,164 mg (13 % AKG)

12

Folic Acid Vit B9

8 μg (2 % AKG)

13

Forum

0,8 mg (6 % AKG)

14

Foforus

115 mg (16 % AKG)

15

Kalium

115 mg (2 % AKG)

16

Calsium

28 mg (3 % AKG)

17

Magnesium

18

Zink

19

Kalori

25 mg (7 % AKG) 1,09 mg (11% AKG) 354 kkal

(Juliano, 1976)

23

Component Reactor, Program Logic Control, power supply, gas pomp

Ozone-tech Rice Storage Systems for Quality Control Program Riset Unggulan Strategis Nasional 1. PUSNAS 2013 2. PUSNAS 2014 3. PUPT 2015 4.PUPT 2016 5.PPTI 2016

10/26/2016


ENTERPRENEUR CV. Plasmatech Consulting PT. Dipotechnology

24

AirPurifier and Cleaner

“Zeta Green” Udara Bersih Untuk Semua

www.dipotechnology.com

Profil Product

• Zeta Green merupakan alat pembersih udara (Air Purifier dan Cleaner) berteknologi plasma


Nilai Tambah • Muliti Fungsi, Asap rokok bersih (efisiensi 99%), ion generator dan plasma cluster untuk pembunuh kuman, jamur dan mikroorganisme – Baru, Inovative, serasi dan solusi bagi lingkungan. Tersedinya ruang space iklan yang dapat di isikan logo perusahaan customer/tagline perusahaan yang disesuaikan dengan jenis kegiatan/promosi


25

Spesifikasi Alat Daya Listrik 80 Watt

Voltage 220 V / 50 Hz

Dimensi Tinggi Lebar Tebal

: 100 cm : 20 Cm : 20 Cm

Daya Jangkau Ukuran ruang 4 x 5 meter

Matrial Body PVC

Advertishing Size-Front 50 x 70 cm


Teknologi Zeta Green Teknologi Zeta Green

Electrical Precipitator

Pre- Filter

• Menyaring debudebu dalam ukuran yang besar

• Menyaring aerosol, partikel padatan (hingga 0.3 mikkrometer), nikotin dengan lucutan corona yang kemudian akan diendapkan pada dinding reaktor plasma

Plasma Decomposed Gas

•Memecah gas-gas tertentu sehingga menjadi lebih ramah lingkungan

Ion Generator System

•Menciptakan ionion sebagai penyebar udara sekaligus sebagai pembunuh mikrobiologi

Progres Zeta Green

Go International

Kemitraan

Produk

Uji Alat Zeta Green sudah mengalami beberapa uji lab

Zeta Green sudah banyak mengalami evolusi secara visik

Zeta Green sedang proses masuk pasar internasional

Zeta Green sedang dan akan terus menjalin kerjasama kemitraan, terkait produksi maupun pemasaran

www.themegallery.com

26

Uji Lab (Jamur dan Bakteri)


Uji Lab (Kimia dan Bakteri)


Evolusi Produk Zeta Green


27

Evolusi Produk Zeta Green

On Progress


Kemitraan

Kerjasama dengan PT Wahana Karya Innovasi (Distributor dan Fasilitator Industrialisasi Zeta Green) www.themegallery.com

Zeta Green ikut mengurangi kabut asap dalam ruangan di lokasi kebakaran


28

Dokumentasi

Peresmian office PT. Dipo Technology, mengundang Menteri Ristek dan Dikti.


Dokumentasi

Zeta Green terpilih menjadi penerima Angkasa Pura II Award


Dokumentasi


29

Dokumentasi


Dokumentasi

National Innovation Forum 2015. Presiden RI Joko Widodo, Prof BJ Habibie, Menteri Ristek dan Dikti Prof Natsir, beserta rombongan berkunjung ke stand Zeta Green. www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Zeta Green digunakan di ruang kerja dan ruang tidur www.dipotechnology.com

30

Dokumentasi

Kantor Pusat Bank BTN Jakarta www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Ruang Operasi Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro


Dokumentasi

Ruang Instalasi Gawat Darurat dan Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro


31

Dokumentasi

Ruang Tunggu Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro


Dokumentasi

Smoking Area Cafe www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Penggunaan Zeta Green Pada Ruang Rapat www.dipotechnology.com

32

Dokumentasi

Expo Indonesia Trend Education (ITE) 2016 Botani Square - Bogor


Dokumentasi

Expo Teknologi Tepat Guna 2015 - Aceh


Dokumentasi

Penggunaan Zeta Green oleh Lemhanas


33

Dokumentasi

Penggunaan Zeta Green oleh Yayasan Buddha Tzu Chi Indonesia


Dokumentasi

Zeta Green sebagai alat penanggulangan bencana asap. Diskusi bersama Menteri Ristek Dikti Prof Natsir www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi


34

Dokumentasi


Spin off Business from base on Plasma Technology 1. CV. Plasma Tech 2. PT. Dipo Technology 10/26/2016


Documentation and Media Exposes 10/26/2016


35

Zeta Green untuk asap

36

10/26/2016


37

Univer, 99 % cari (plasma) Plasma Science from Nature to Laboratory and Business Innovation: Experience of Undip s Physics Department

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