TAKARIR Admin
: administrator
Analysis
: analisis
Database
: kumpulan file atau tabel yang saling berhubungan yang disimpan dalam media penyimpanan elektronis
Data flow diagram
: diagram aliran data
Delete
: hapus
Design
: desain
Edit
: mengubah data
Expert system
: sistem pakar
Flowchart
: metode perancangan terstruktur atau prosedur sistem secara logika
Foreign key
: kunci asing
Form
: halaman
Forward chaining
: penalaran yang dimulai dari fakta menuju konklusi
Hardware
: perangkat keras
Input
: pemasukan data
Interface
: tampilan pada komputer yang memungkinkan adanya interaksi antara manusia dan komputer
Login
: proses untuk memasuki suatu sistem menggunakan kata kunci
Logout
: proses untuk keluar dari sistem
Messagebox
: kotak pesan
Output
: hasil keluaran sistem
Password
: password
Primary key
: kunci utama yang digunakan dalam database dan bersifat unik
Relationship
: relasi
Software
: perangkat lunak
Source code
:kode program yang ditulis dalam bahasa pemrograman
Update
: perbaharui
Username
: nama pengguna
DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL .................................................................................................... i LEMBAR PENGESAHAN DOSEN PEMBIMBING ............................................. ii LEMBAR PENGESAHAN DOSEN PENGUJI ...................................................... iii LEMBAR PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN ................................................................. iv HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ................................................................................. v HALAMAN MOTTO ................................................................................................ vi KATA PENGANTAR............................................................................................... vii SARI ............................................................................................................................. x TAKARIR................................................................................................................... xi DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................................. xiii DAFTAR GAMBAR.............................................................................................. xviii DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................... xxi BAB I PENDAHULUAN............................................................................................ 1 1.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................................. 4 1.3 Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................... 4 1.4 Tujuan Penelitian .............................................................................................. 5 1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................ 5 1.6 Metodologi Penelitian ....................................................................................... 5 1.6.1 Metode Pengumpulan Data ...................................................................... 6
1.6.2 Metode Pengembangan Sistem ................................................................ 6 1.7 Sistematika Penulisan ....................................................................................... 6 BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ..................................................................................... 8 2.1 Kecerdasan Buatan Secara Umum .................................................................... 8 2.2 Sistem Pakar...................................................................................................... 9 2.2.1 Keuntungan Sistem Pakar ...................................................................... 11 2.2.2 Kelemahan Sistem Pakar........................................................................ 12 2.2.3 Ciri-ciri Sistem Pakar............................................................................. 12 2.2.4 Struktur Sistem Pakar............................................................................. 12 2.2.5 Komponen Sistem Pakar ........................................................................ 13 2.2.5.1 Antarmuka Pengguna ................................................................. 14 2.2.5.2 Basis Pengetahuan...................................................................... 14 2.2.5.3 Mesin Inferensi .......................................................................... 15 2.3 Faktor Kepastian (CertaintyFactor)................................................................ 17 2.4 Penyakit Pada Saluran Pernafasan .................................................................. 20 2.4.1 Asma ...................................................................................................... 20 2.4.2 Tuberkulosis........................................................................................... 21 2.4.3 Pneumonia.............................................................................................. 22 2.4.4 Faringitis ................................................................................................ 23 2.4.5 Laringitis Akut ....................................................................................... 24 2.4.6 Tonsilitis Difteri ..................................................................................... 25 2.4.7 Tonsilitis Kronik .................................................................................... 26
2.4.8 Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) ............................................. 27 2.4.9 Bronkitis............................................................................................... 28 2.4.10 Abses Paru............................................................................................ 28 2.4.11 Efusi Pleura .......................................................................................... 29 2.4.12 Emboli Paru atau Embolis Paru-paru................................................... 30 2.4.13 Bronkiektasis........................................................................................ 31 2.4.14 Bronkiolitis Akut.................................................................................. 32 BAB III METODOLOGI ......................................................................................... 33 3.1 Analisis Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak............................................................. 33 3.1.1 Metode Analisis ..................................................................................... 33 3.1.2 Hasil Analisis ......................................................................................... 33 3.1.2.1 Analisis Kebutuhan Proses......................................................... 34 3.1.2.2 Analisis Kebutuhan Input........................................................... 34 3.1.2.3 Analisis Kebutuhan Output ........................................................ 35 3.1.3 Kebutuhan Antar Muka.......................................................................... 36 3.1.4 Analisis Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak.................................................... 36 3.1.5 Analisis Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras..................................................... 37 3.2 Perancangan Perangkat Lunak ........................................................................ 37 3.2.1 Metode Perancangan .............................................................................. 37 3.2.2 Hasil Perancangan.................................................................................. 37 3.2.2.1 Perancangan Data Flow Diagram (DFD)................................... 38 3.2.2.2 Perancangan Tabel Basis Data ................................................... 44
3.2.2.3 Perancangan Basis Pengetahuan ................................................ 49 3.2.2.4 Perancangan Mesin Inferensi ..................................................... 52 3.2.2.5 Perancangan Antar Muka........................................................... 54 3.3 Implementasi Perangkat Lunak................................................................. 61 3.3.1 Batasan Implementasi ................................................................... 62 3.3.2 Implementasi Antarmuka .............................................................. 62 3.3.2.1 Halaman Utama User ..................................................... 62 3.3.2.2 Halaman Admin ............................................................. 66 3.3.2.3 Halaman Pakar ............................................................... 69 BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................................................. 77 4.1 Pengujian Program .......................................................................................... 77 4.2 Analisis Kinerja Sistem................................................................................... 77 4.2.1 Penanganan Kesalahan........................................................................... 77 4.2.1.1 Penanganan Kesalahan Pada Saat Input Kosong ....................... 78 4.2.1.2 Penanganan Kesalahan Pada Saat Data Tidak Ditemukan ........ 79 4.2.1.3 Penanganan Kesalahan Pada Belum Memilih Input .................. 80 4.2.1.1 Penanganan Kesalahan Input ..................................................... 81 4.2.2 Pengujian dan Analisis.......................................................................... 82 4.2.2.1 Pengujian Masukan dan Keluaran.............................................. 82 4.2.2.2 Pengujian Diagnosis Penyakit.................................................... 87 BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN.......................................................................... 92 5.1 Kesimpulan ..................................................................................................... 92
5.2 Saran................................................................................................................ 92 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................ 94 LAMPIRAN............................................................................................................... 96
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Arsitektur sistem pakar ................................................................................ 13 Gambar 2.2 Proses backward chaining ........................................................................... 16 Gambar 2.3 Proses forward chaining .............................................................................. 17 Gambar 2.4 Kombinasi Aturan Ketidakpastian............................................................... 18 Gambar 3.1 DFD Level 0 (Context Diagram)................................................................. 39 Gambar 3.2 DFD Level 1(Context Diagram).................................................................. 41 Gambar 3.3 DFD Level 2 Manajemen User.................................................................... 42 Gambar 3.4 DFD Level 2 Pengolahan Basis Pengetahuan ............................................ 43 Gambar 3.5 DFD Level 2 Konsultasi .............................................................................. 44 Gambar 3.6 Relasi Tabel Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit pada Saluran Pernafasan.... 48 Gambar 3.7 Diagram FlowChart..................................................................................... 53 Gambar 3.8 Rancangan antar muka input data pakar..................................................... 55 Gambar 3.9 Rancangan antar muka Login ..................................................................... 56 Gambar 3.10 Rancangan antar muka Input Data Gejala ................................................ 57 Gambar 3.11 Rancangan antar muka Input Data Penyakit............................................. 57 Gambar 3.12 Rancangan antar muka Input Pengetahuan............................................... 58 Gambar 3.13 Rancangan antar muka input Diagnosis ................................................... 59 Gambar 3.14 Rancangan antar muka ganti password...................................................... 59 Gambar 3.15 Rancangan antar muka pencarian penyakit ............................................... 60
Gambar 3.16 Rancangan antar muka Halaman Index .................................................... 61 Gambar 3.17 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Utama .............................................. 63 Gambar 3.18 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Diagnosis ......................................... 64 Gambar 3.19 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Jenis Penyakit .................................. 65 Gambar 3.20 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Pencarian Penyakit .......................... 65 Gambar 3.21 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Login................................................ 66 Gambar 3.22 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Admin .............................................. 67 Gambar 3.23 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Data Pakar ....................................... 67 Gambar 3.24 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Detail Pakar ..................................... 68 Gambar 3.25 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Edit Pakar ........................................ 69 Gambar 3.26 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Pakar ................................................ 70 Gambar 3.27 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Data Gejala ...................................... 71 Gambar 3.28 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Edit Gejala ....................................... 71 Gambar 3.29 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Data Penyakit................................... 72 Gambar 3.30 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Detail Penyakit ................................ 73 Gambar 3.31 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Edit Penyakit ................................... 74 Gambar 3.32 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Data Pengetahuan ............................ 75 Gambar 3.33 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Detail Pengetahuan.......................... 76 Gambar 3.34 Implementasi Antar muka Halaman Edit Pengetahuan ............................. 76 Gambar 4.1 Form username masih kosong ..................................................................... 78 Gambar 4.2 Tampilan jendela dialog jika username kosong ............................................ 78 Gambar 4.3 Form username dan password tidak benar................................................... 79
Gambar 4.4 Tampilan jendela dialog jika input data tidak ditemukan............................ 79 Gambar 4.5 Form diagnosa penyakit masih kosong ....................................................... 80 Gambar 4.6 Tampilan jendela dialog jika belum memilih input..................................... 80 Gambar 4.7 Form input data pengetahuan yang tidak sesuai aturan ............................... 81 Gambar 4.8 Tampilan jendela dialog jika input nilai salah............................................. 81 Gambar 4.9 Antar muka masukan data login .................................................................. 83 Gambar 4.10 Antar muka halaman pakar........................................................................ 83 Gambar 4.11 Antar muka masukan data gejala............................................................... 84 Gambar 4.12 Antar muka halaman data gejala................................................................ 84 Gambar 4.13 Antar muka masukan data penyakit........................................................... 85 Gambar 4.14 Antar muka halaman data penyakit ........................................................... 85 Gambar 4.15 Antar muka halaman detail penyakit ......................................................... 86 Gambar 4.16 Antar muka masukan data pengetahuan .................................................... 86 Gambar 4.17 Antar muka halaman detail pengetahuan................................................... 87 Gambar 4.18 Antar muka diagnosa penyakit .................................................................. 88 Gambar 4.19 Antar muka hasil diagnosis penyakit ........................................................ 88
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Tabel Admin..................................................................................................... 45 Tabel 3.2 Tabel Pakar....................................................................................................... 45 Tabel 3.3 Tabel Gejala ..................................................................................................... 46 Tabel 3.4 Tabel Penyakit.................................................................................................. 46 Tabel 3.5 Tabel Pengetahuan ........................................................................................... 47 Tabel 3.6 Tabel Konsultasi............................................................................................... 47 Tabel 3.7 Merupakan Representasi Pengetahuan Untuk Penyakit Asma......................... 51 Tabel 3.8 Merupakan Representasi Pengetahuan Untuk Penyakit Pnemuonia................ 52
