SKRIPSI
AN ERROR ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF TENSES IN THE STUDENTS ESSAY WRITING OF FOURTH SEMESTER (A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY AT ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY)
By IZZA SHOLEHATI NIM. 201232063
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2016
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AN ERROR ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF TENSES IN THE STUDENTS ESSAY WRITING of FOURTH SEMESTER (A DESCRIPTIVE STATISTIC AT ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY)
SKRIPSI Presented to Muria Kudus University In Partial Fulfillment of the Reoquirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education Department
By IZZA SHOLEHATI NIM 201232063
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY 2016
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Motto: Keep spirit and do the best for everything. Be patient and do not surrender because god always with us.
Dedication: This research is dedicated to: Her beloved parents Mr.Rohadi and Mrs.Titik Hariyani Her brother Ilmi Kamal All of her friends Firda, Ajeng, Bowo, Alfi, Shofialana, Suci, and the others who always support in every time.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, the writer thanks to Allah SWT, who has given mercy and blessing, so the writer was able to finish her research as one of the requirements in obtaining the Sarjana Degree of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. The writer realizes that there is no strength except from Allah SWT. The second, the writer also says peace and salutation to our prophet Muhammad SAW who has guided us from the darkness into the lightness. This research could not have been done without support, advices, guidance and encouragement from many people. So the writer would like to express her gratitude to as follows: 1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd., as the Dean of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd., as the Head of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 3. Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd., as the First Advisor who has given his guidance, correction and suggestion wisely in accomplishing this Skripsi. 4. Mutohhar, S.Pd,M.Pd., as the second advisor, who gives his wise suggestion in completing this skripsi.
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5. All lecturers and staff of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. 6. Nuraeningsih, S.Pd.,M.Pd., the Lecturer of Fourth Semester on Essay Writing Subject, and students of Essay Writing on C class, for their help and cooperate in finishing her research. 7. My parents Mr. Rohadi and Mrs. Titik Hariyani for their pray in finishing this research. 8. All of students of English Education Department 2012, for their support and pray. 9. Firda, Ajeng, Bowo, Alfi, Shofialana, Ulum, Suci, and her for their support, help, pray, accompany and togetherness.
Kudus, 01 August 2016
Izza Sholehati
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ABSTRACT Sholehati, Izza. 2016. An Error analysis of the use of Tenses in the Students Essay Writing (a Descriptive Study at English Education Department Muria Kudus University). Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd, (ii) Mutohhar, S.Pd,M.Pd. Key words: Error analysis, and Essay Writing. Error analysis is error that happens in writing form, which is made by the students because they do not know the rules how to write a good essay repetitively. Error analysis does not need much more time to analyze. Because error made by the miss writing on grammatical structure especially in tenses. This research is aimed how to know the types of tenses error founds in essay writing on fourth semester students of English Education Department of Muria Kudus University. And also found the frequency of error analysis in essay writing by doing of fourth semester stuents of English Education Department of Muria Kudus University in academic year 2015/2016. This research is Qualitative research. The data were collected by the printed document of student‟s paper assignment in Essay Writing on fourth semester students of English Education Department of Muria Kudus University on essay writing C class. The result of this research can be seen from the type of error analysis and percentages of the use of tenses error made by fourth semester students of English Education Department. There are four type of error doing by fourth semester students, the first is omission error. The writer found 54 sentences or 17.03%. Second, the type is addition error. The Percentages of these error is 31 sentences or 9.07%. The third is misformation error. The Percentages of error is 199 sentences or 62.77%. And the last error is misordering. Percentages from these error is 33 sentences or 10.41%. Therefore, the writer suggests for the English lecturer to give evaluation and also feedback for the students when they write essay about the hot topic surrounding them, especially on the use of tenses. And the lecturer can give more knowledge about the use of tenses, when the students do not understand well about it. And for the future researcher should chose more classification or try to use other technique for error analysis and give on topic from them self to get the real data from the students in essay writing class.
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ABSTRAK Sholehati, Izza. 2016. Analisis Kesalahan penggunaan Tenses di Menulis Essay Siswa (Deskriptpf Study di Program Studi Bahasa Inggris Universitas Muria Kudus). Skripsi. Program Studi. Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i) Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd, (ii) Mutohhar, S.Pd, M.Pd. Kata kunci: analisis kesalahan, dan Menulis Esai. Analisis kesalahan adalah menganalisis kesalahan yang terjadi dalam bentuk tulisan, yang dibuat oleh siswa karena mereka tidak tahu aturan menulis esai yang baik. Analisis kesalahan tidak membutuhkan banyak waktu untuk menganalisis. Karena kesalahan yang ditulis pada dasarnya salah dalam struktur secara grammar terutama dalam tenses. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kesalahan tenses yang ada di PWP (Pressure Writing Practice) teknik dalam penulisan esai oleh mahasiswa Universitas Muria Kudus tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Dan juga menemukan frekuensi analisis kesalahan yang ada di PWP teknik dalam penulisan esai oleh mahasiswa semester IV Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Universitas Muria Kudus tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data yang dikumpulkan oleh peneliti adalah dokumen penugasan siswa dalam menulis Essay oleh mahasiswa semester IV Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Universitas Muria Kudus di essay writing kelas C. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dilihat dari jenis analisis kesalahan dan prosentase kesalahan bentuk kata yang dibuat oleh mahasiswa semester IV Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Ada empat jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan, seperti omission. Penulis menemukan 54 kalimat atau 17,03%. Tipe yang kedua adalah addition. Prosentase kesalahannya adalah 31 kalimat atau 9,07%. Ketiga, kesalahan misformation. Prosentase kesalahan ini 199 kalimat atau 62,77%. Dan kesalahan terakhir adalah misordering. Prosentase dari kesalahan adalah 33 kalimat atau 10,41%. Untuk itu, penulis menyarankan kepada dosen Bahasa Inggris untuk memberi evaluasi dan juga feedback untuk siswa ketika mereka menulis artikel tentang topic yang sedang hangat disekitar mereka, terutama dalam penggunaan tenses. Dan dosen dapat memberi penjelasan lebih mendalam mengenai penggunaan tenses, ketika siswa tidak mengerti dengan baik. Dan untuk peneliti selanjutnya dapat memilih lebih banyak lagi kesalahan yang dianalisis and memberikan sebuah topik dari peneliti itu sendiri untuk memperoleh data asli dari murid di kelas essay writing.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS COVER . ............................................................................................................. i LOGO ................................................................................................................ ii PAGE TITLE .................................................................................................iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... iv ADVISORS’ APPROVAL .............................................................................. v EXAMINER’S APPROVAL .......................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. xi LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................... xiv LIST OF APPENDICES .............................................................................. xv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1
Background of the Research ...................................................................... 1
1.2
Statement of the Research ......................................................................... 4
1.3
Objective of the Research .......................................................................... 4
1.4
Significance of the Research ..................................................................... 5
1.5
Scope of the Research ................................................................................ 5
1.6
Operational Definition ............................................................................... 6
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE 2.1
Writing .................................................................................................... 7
2.2
Essay Writing .......................................................................................... 8
2.3
Definition of Error Analysis .................................................................... 9
2.3.1 The Benefit of Error Analysis ............................................................... 10 2.3.2 Classification of Errors .......................................................................... 11 2.4
Tenses ................................................................................................... 13
2.5
Simple Present Tenses ........................................................................... 13
2.5.1 The Pattern of Simple Present Tenses ................................................... 13 2.5.2 The Use of Simple Present Tenses ........................................................ 15 2.6
Present Continuous Tenses.................................................................... 16
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2.6.1 The Pattern of Present Continuous Tenses ........................................... 16 2.6.2 The Use of Present Continuous Tenses ................................................. 17 2.7
Present Perfect Tenses ........................................................................... 17
2.7.1 The Pattern of Present Perfect Tenses .................................................. 18 2.7.2 The Use of Present Perfect Tenses ........................................................ 19 2.8
Present Perfect Continuous Tense ......................................................... 20
2.8.1 The Pattern of Present Perfect Continuous Tense ................................. 21 2.8.2 The Use of Present Perfect Continuous Tense ...................................... 21 2.9
Simple Past Tenses ................................................................................ 22
2.9.1 The Pattern of Simple Past Tenses ........................................................ 22 2.9.2 The Use of Simple Past Tenses ............................................................. 23 2.10
Past Continuous Tenses ......................................................................... 24
2.10.1 The Pattern of Past Continuous Tenses ................................................. 25 2.10.2 The Use of Past Continuous Tenses ...................................................... 25 2.11
Past Perfect Tenses ................................................................................ 26
2.11.1 The Pattern of Past Continuous Tenses ................................................. 26 2.11.2 The Use of Past Continuous Tenses ...................................................... 26 2.12
Past Perfect Continuous Tenses ............................................................ 27
2.12.1 The Pattern of Past Continuous Tenses ................................................. 27 2.12.2 The Use of Past Continuous Tenses ...................................................... 28 2.13
Review of Previous Research ................................................................ 28
2.14
Theoretical Framework ......................................................................... 29
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1
Design of the Research ......................................................................... 31
3.2
Data and Data Source ........................................................................... 31
3.3
Data Collection ..................................................................................... 32
3.4
Data Analysis ....................................................................................... 32
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF RESEARCH 4.1 Research Finding ........................................................................................ 37 4.1.1 The Types of Error Tenses in Essay Writing ...................................... 38
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4.1.2 The Percentages of Error Tenses in Essay Writing ............................... 55 CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1 The Type of Tenses Error in Students Essay Writing made by Fourth Semester Students ...................................................................................... 57 5.2 The Percentages of Tenses Error in Students Essay Writing ..................... 62 CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 64 6.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................. 65 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................. 67 APPENDICES .................................................................................................. 69 DOCUMENTATION........................................................................................ 85 STATEMENT ................................................................................................... 87 CURICULUM VITAE ...................................................................................... 93
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Pages 3.1 Error Sentences and Types of Errors .......................................................... 33 3.2 ErrorS Committed in the Simple Present Tense ......................................... 35 4.1 Error Sentences and Type of Error.............................................................. 38
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LIST OF APPENDICES
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Printed Document of Essay Writing Class ........................................... 69 Statement ............................................................................................... 87 Keterangan Selesai Bimbingan ............................................................. 90 Permohonan Ujian Skripsi .................................................................... 91 Kartu Bimbingan ................................................................................... 88 Curriculum Vitae ................................................................................... 93
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