SIMULASI DAN ANALISIS SOFTSWITCH DENGAN PENDEKATAN INTERAKSI ELEMEN FUNGSIONAL DALAM PENANGANAN TRAFIK PANGGILAN TELEPON
TESIS Karya tulis sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Magister dari Institut Teknologi Bandung
Oleh ASEP MULYANA NIM : 23205016 Program Studi Teknik Elektro
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG 2008
SIMULASI DAN ANALISIS SOFTSWITCH DENGAN PENDEKATAN INTERAKSI ELEMEN FUNGSIONAL DALAM PENANGANAN TRAFIK PANGGILAN TELEPON
Oleh Asep Mulyana
Menyetujui Pembimbing I,
Pembimbing II,
Dr. Kuspriyanto
Dr. Aciek Ida W.D.
ABSTRAK SIMULASI DAN ANALISIS SOFTSWITCH DENGAN PENDEKATAN INTERAKSI ELEMEN FUNGSIONAL DALAM PENANGANAN TRAFIK PANGGILAN TELEPON Oleh Asep Mulyana NIM : 23205016 PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK ELEKTRO Softswitch merupakan arsitektur sistem switching yang menyediakan fungsi kontrol panggilan pada jaringan IP. Softswitch dirancang sebagai perbaikan sistem circuit switch yang ada saat ini yaitu SPC digital switch pada PSTN/PLMN dan sekaligus sebagai jembatan dalam evolusinya menuju NGN. Elemen kontrol, transpor dan aplikasi pada Softswitch dirancang terpisah (independen) dan lebih bersifat terbuka. Dalam implementasinya pada jaringan IP masing-masing elemen fungsional dapat berada pada lokasi yang berbeda (terpisah secara geografis) dengan area layanan yang ebih luas dimana pengontrolan dilakukan secara terpusat sehingga berpotensi terjadinya kemacetan yang dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan kelambatan (delay) dalam pelayanan. Maka dalam perencanaan (rekayasa jaringan) diperlukan suatu metoda untuk menjaga agar beroperasi dalam batas-batas kualitas yang telah distandarkan. Dalam tesis ini dirancang pemodelan dan simulasi interaksi antar elemen fungsional Softswitch dalam penanganan panggilan (aspek kontrol/signaling) dengan mengambil tiga skenario, yaitu panggilan pada Softswitch Class 5, pada Softswitch Class 4 dan IP Phone (pada LAN). Dari masing-masing skenario dibangkitkan trafik panggilan secara simultan dan independen serta pemrosesan pada tiap elemen fungsional (Access Gateway, Signaling Gateway, Trunk Gateway) dimana Softswitch sebagai pusat kontrol melalui mekanisme protokol komunikasi. Dalam pengujian/verifikasi, Softswitch dipandang sebagai suatu sistem antrian dimana pengamatan difokuskan pada karakteristik lama waktu pemrosesan (delay) pada Softswitch sebagai fungsi dari variabel beban masukan (laju kedatangan). Akurasi hasil pengujian/verifikasi diukur berdasarkan deviasi karakteristik delay terhadap model acuan sistem antrian M/G/1. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan akurasi call stup delay dengan deviasi rata-rata sebesar 4 %. Kata kunci : softswitch, media gateway controller, signaling gateway, access gateway, trunk gateway, ss7, sigtran, megaco, SIP, delay, packet loss
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ABSTRACT SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE SOFTSWITCH BASED ON LOGICAL FUNCTIONAL ENTITIES TO HANDLE TELEPHONE CALL By Asep Mulyana NIM : 23205016 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDY PROGRAM
Softswitch is an architecture comprises of entities that provided call control in IP networks. Sofswitch designed to improve the weakness of trditional switch (SPC digital circuit switch) in PSTN/PLMN. Softswitch also as intermediate to bring evolution of PSTN/NGN towards NGN. Softswitch architecture separate among control part, application and transport part. By this way, softswitch architecture can be developed independently among it’s element (parts). Softswitch elements may be placed far away each other geographically over IP networks to cover the large area networks with high traffic intensity of subscribers activity. Softswitch element (or known as Media Gateway Controller / MGC) is a central control part of the architecture, controls the other parts or elements (i.e one or more Access Gateway(s)/AG, Signaling Gateway(s)/SG, Trunk Gaway(s)/TG) over IP networks. This situation potentially increase of Softswitch delay that could be decrease it’s performance and it means decrease of subscriber Quality of Service (QoS). This thesis simulate how the softswitch handels the call in three scenarios. The first one is to handle the call request between two Access Gateway’s subscriber (known as, the Class 5 Softswitch architecture), the second, is call request between two PSTN subscribers that connected to a Signaling Gateway and a Trunk Gateway respectively (known as, the Class 4 Softswitch architecture), and the third scenario is the call between two SIP phone that connected to the Local Area Networks. Each scenario generate call request independently to achieve multi threading level. Each call consits two steps, i.e. call setup and clear down, each simulate processing of protocol communication between Softswitch and other elements (simulate standard protocols : SS7, Sigtran, Megaco and SIP) and also simulate internal processing of each element (Access Gateway, Signaling Gateway, Trunk Gateway and Softswitch itself). The output of simulator examine and verify using M/G/1 queueing model. Simulation show that call setup delay characteristic has almost the same with the queueing model M/G/1 with deviation 4% (the standard is below 5%). Mean of call setup delay is 187 ms, it means the simulator has equivalent with 19251 BHCA of Softswitch capacity.
Keywords : softswitch, media gateway controller, signaling gateway, access gateway, trunk gateway, ss7, sigtran, megaco, SIP, delay.
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PEDOMAN PENGGUNAAN TESIS
Tesis S2 yang tidak dipublikasikan, terdaftar dan tersedia di Perpustakaan Institut Teknologi Bandung, dan terbuka untuk umum dengan ketentuan bahwa hak cipta ada pada pengarang. Referensi kepustakaan diperkenankan dicatat, tetapi pengutipan atau peringkasan hanya dapat dilakukan seizin pengarang dan harus disertai dengan kebiasaan ilmiah untuk menyebutkan sumbernya.
Memperbanyak atau menerbitkan sebagian atau seluruh tesis haruslah seizin Direktur Program Pascasarjana, Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Perpustakaan yang meminjam tesis ini untuk keperluan anggotanya harus mengisi nama dan tanda tangan peminjam dan tanggal pinjam.
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KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur penulis panjatkan ke hadirat Allah SWT, yang atas rahmat dan karunia Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan tesis ini. Shalawat dan salam semoga tercurah kepada Rasulullah Muhammad SAW beserta keluarganya.
Selama melaksanakan tesis ini, penulis mendapat bantuan dan dukungan dari berbagai pihak. Untuk itu, penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada : 1. Bapak Kuspriyanto, selaku pembimbing I, yang telah mencurahkan perhatian dan waktunya dalam penyelesaian tesis ini; 2. Ibu Aciek Ida W, selaku pembimbing II, yang telah banyak memberikan bimbingan dan semangat dalam menyelesaikan tesis ini; 3. Dolly Septika (IT TELKOM) yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan dalam diskusi materi bahan tulisan sehingga dapat tersusunnya tesis ini; 4. Jaka Ritonga (IT TELKOM) yang telah banyak memberikan bantuan dalam penyusunan program simulasi sehingga dapat tersusunnya tesis ini; 5. Sholekan (IT TELKOM) yang telah memberikan bantuan dalam pengolahan data hasil simulasi; 6. Semua pihak yang tidak mungkin dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu yang telah memberikan bantuan berupa dorongan semangat/spirit serta doanya.
Penulis menyadari bahwa tesis ini bukanlah tanpa kelemahan, untuk itu kritik dan saran sangat diharapkan. Akhir kata, semoga tesis ini dapat bermanfaat bagi para pembacanya.
Bandung, September 2008 Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. i ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ ii PEDOMAN PENGGUNAAN TESIS ......................................................................... iii KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................. iv DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ v DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... DAFTAR SINGKATAN ........................................................................................... viii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................... xii BAB I. PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................... 1 I.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ............................................................................. 1 I.2 Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................ 2 I.3 Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................... 3 I.4 Batasan Masalah .......................................................................................... 3 I.5 Metodologi Penelitian ................................................................................. 5 I.6 Sistematikan Pembahasan ............................................................................ 5 BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................... 7 II.1 Softswitch .................................................................................................. 7 II.1.1 Arsitektur Softswitch ............................................................................ 7 II.1.1.2 Bidang Kontrol dan Pensinyalan (Call Control & Signaling Plane) ... 10 II.1.1.3 Bidang Layanan dan Aplikasi (Service & Application Plane) .............. 10 II.1.1.4 Bidang Manajemen ................................................................................ 10 II.1.2 Entitas Fungsional (Functional Entities) .................................................. 11 II.1.3 Pemetaan Elemen Fungsional dan Protokol dalam Jaringan Softswitch .. 13 II.1.3.1 Elemen Jaaringan Softswitch dalam Implementasi ............................... 14 II.1.3.2 Protokol Dalam Jaringan Softswitch ................................................... 17 II.1.3.3 Proses Komunikasi ............................................................................... 19
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Halaman
II.2. Protokol Komunikasi ................................................................................ 24 II.2.1 Signaling System No. 7 (SS7) ................................................................ 24 II.2.1.1 Protockol Stack ...................................................................................
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II.2.1.2 Struktur Pesan ISUP ............................................................................ 27 II.2.2 Signaling Transport (Sigtran) ................................................................. 28 II.2,2.1 Protocol Stack ...................................................................................... 29 II.2.2.2 MTP3 User Adaptation (M3UA) ......................................................... 30 II.2.3 Media Gateway Control Protocol ........................................................... 31 II.2.3.1 Protocol Stack ...................................................................................... 32 II.2.4 Session Initial Protocol (SIP) .................................................................
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II.2.4.1 Message Pada SIP ................................................................................ 38 II.3 Teori Trafik ................................................................................................. 40 II.3.1 Pola Kedatangan ..................................................................................... 41 II.3.2. Pola Pelayanan ....................................................................................... 4.2 II.3.3 Sistem Tunggu (Delay System) .............................................................. 43 II.3.3.1 Sistem Antrian Model M/M/1 .............................................................. 44 II.4. Quality of Service (QoS) dan Standarisasi Post Dialling Delay (PDD) ... 45 BAB III. PEMODELAN DAN SIMULASI ............................................................... 47 III.1 Tahap-tahap Perancangan ........................................................................ 47 III.2 Diskripsi Permasalahan ............................................................................. 48 III.2.1 DelayBudget Untuk Softswitch ............................................................... 48 III.2.2 Komponen Delay Pada Softswitch ........................................................ 48 III.3 Batasan (ruang lingkup) Simulasi dan Metodologi .................................. 50 III.3.1 Konfigurasi Jaringan yang Disimulasikan ............................................ 50 III.3.2 Bagian-bagian yang Disimulasikan dan Pemodelan
............................ 51
III.3.2.1 Pembangkitan Sumber Panggilan (Traffic Generator) ....................... 54. III.3.2.2 Pembuatan Basis Data ........................................................................ 56 III.3.2.3 Pemodelan dan Simulasi Proses Panggilan ........................................ 59 III.3.2.3.1 Proses Komunikasi Antar Elemen Jaringan .................................... 60
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Halaman
III.3.2.3.1.1 Skenario Panggilan Jika Pelanggan Yang Dituju Bebas ............... 62 III.3.2.3.1.2 Skenario Panggilan Jika Pelanggan Yang Dituju Sibuk ............... 63 III.3.2.3.2 Proses Internal Tiap elemen Jaringan .............................................. 66 III.3.2.3.2.1 Access Gateway ...........................................................................
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III.3.2.3.2.2 Signaling Gateway ........................................................................ 67 III.3.2.3.2.3 Softswitch ....................................................................................
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III.3.3 Pemodelan Dengan Unified Modeling Language (UML) .....................
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BAB IV. PENGUJIAN DAN ANALISIS ...............................................................
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IV.1 Skenario Pengujian................................................................................... 74 IV.2 Pengujian ................................................................................................ 75 IV.3 Analisis dan Verifikasi ............................................................................
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IV.3.1 Analisis Urutan Proses Panggilan ......................................................... 79 IV.3.2 Analisis Karakteristik Masukan (Traffic Generator) ............................ 80 IV.3.3. Analisis Karakteristik Keluaran (delay) pada Softswitch .................... 81 IV.3.4 Analisis Perbandingan Delay Hasil Simulasi dan Model Antrian M/G/1 85 BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ...................................................................
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V.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 89 V.2 Saran .......................................................................................................... 90 DAFTAR PUSTAKA
............................................................................................... 91
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DAFTAR SINGKATAN
Pemakaian pertama kali pada halaman
Singkatan
Nama
3G 3GPP AAA ADSL A-F AG AGS-F AIN AN API AS AS-F ATM ATU-R AuC BG BICC BSSAP CA CA-F CAMEL
Third Generation 3G Partnership Project (UMTS) Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (IETF) Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (Call) Accounting Function (e.g. AAA) (ISC) Access Gateway Access Gateway Signaling Function (ISC) Advanced Intelligent Network Access Network Application Programming Interface Application Server Application Server Function (ISC) Asynchronous Transfer Mode ADSL Terminal Unit-Remote Authentication Center (GSM) Border Gateway Bearer Independent Call Control (ITU Q.1901) Base Station Subsystem Application Part (GSM, 3GPP) Call Agent Call Agent Function (ISC) Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic (GSM) CAMEL Application Part (GSM, 3GPP) Common Language Infrastructure Cable Modem Cable Modem Termination System (DOCSIS, PacketCable) Common Open Policy Protocol (IEFT RFC 2748) Call Processing Language Differentiated Services Data Over Cable System Interface Specification Dynamic Quality of Service Digital Subscriber Line DSL Access Multiplexer Dual Tone/Multiple Frequency
CAP CLI CM CMTS COPS CPL DiffServ DOCSIS DQoS DSL DSLAM DTMF
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2 2
2
ENUM Singkatan FRF FS GGSN GK GMSC GPRS GSM HFC HLR HSS HTTP IAD IETF IN INAP IP IPCC ISC ISDN ISUP ITU-T IUA IVR IW-F JAIN LAN LDAP M3UA MAP MEGACO MG MGC MGC-F MGCP
E.164 Numbering (IETF RFC 2916) Pemakaian pertama kali pada halaman 7
Nama
Feature Server Gateway GPRS System Node (GPRS, 3GPP) Gatekeeper Gateway Mobile Services Switching Center (GSM, 3GPP) General Packet Radio Service Global System for Mobility Hybrid Fiber/Cable Home Location Register (GSM, 3GPP) Home Subscriber System (3GPP) Hyper Text Transport Protocol (IETF) Integrated Access Device Internet Engineering Task Force Intelligent Network Intelligent Network Application Protocol Internet Protocol International Packet Communication Consortium International Softswitch Consortium Integrated Services Digital Network Integrated Services Digital Network User Part (SS7) International Telecommunications Union ISDN User Adaptation Interactive Voice Response Inter-working Function (ISC) Java Application Interface Network LOcal Area Networks Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (IEFT) MTP3 User Adaptation (IETF SIGTRAN) Mobile Application Part (GSM, 3GPP) MEdia GAteway COntrol (IETF RFC 3015 or ITU H.248) Media Gateway Media Gateway Controller Media Gateway Controller Function (ISC) MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol (IETF RFC 2705)
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1 7 1
4
4
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Pemakaian pertama kali pada halaman
Singkatan
Nama
MG-F MMAS MMCS MPLS MS MSC MSF MS-F MTA NCS NGN OEM OSA OSS PBX PLMN POTS PSE PSTN QoS RAN RANAP R-F RFC RG RSVP RTCP RTP SC-F SCP SCTP SDP SG SG-F SGSN SIP SIGTRAN
Media Gateway Function (ISC) Mobile Multimedia Application Server (3GPP) Mobile Multimedia Call Server (3GPP) Multi-Protocol Label Switching Media Server Mobile Services Switching Center (GSM, 3GPP) Multiservice Switching Forum Media Server Function (ISC) Multimedia Terminal Adaptor (PacketCable) Network Call/Control Signaling (PacketCable) Next Generation Networks Original Equipment Manufacturer Open Service Access (3GPP) Operational Support System Private Branch eXchange Public Land Mobile Network (3GPP, UMTS) Plain Old Telephone Service Personal Service Environment (3GPP) Public Switch Telephone Networks Quality of Service Radio Access Network Radio Access Network Application Part (3GPP) (Call) Routing Function (ISC) Request For Comment (IETF) Residential Gateway RSVP Resource ReSerVation Protocol (IETF) RTCP Real Time Transport Control Protocol (IETF) RTP Real Time Transport Protocol (IETF RFC 1889) Service Control Function (ISC) Service Control Point Stream Control Transmission Protocol Session Description Protocol Signaling Gateway Signaling Gateway Function (ISC) SGSN Serving GPRS System Node (GPRS, 3GPP) SIP Session Initiation Protocol (IETF) SIGTRAN SIGnaling TRANsport (IETF M3UA, IUA, x
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1
1
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7 7 7
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SUA, V5UA Drafts) SIP-T SNMP
SIP-T SIP For Telephony (IETF Draft) SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol Pemakaian pertama kali pada halaman
Singkatan
Nama
SPS-F SS7 SUA TCAP TDM TG TGCP TLA TRIP TUA UMTS V5UA VAD VLR VoDSL VoIP WAP WCDMA XML
SPS-F SIP Proxy Server Function (ISC) Signaling System No. 7 SUA SCCP User Adaptation (IETF SIGTRAN) TCAP Transaction Capability Application Part (SS7) Time Division Multiplexing Trunk or Trunking Gateway Trunking Gateway Control Protocol Three-Letter Acronym Telephony Routing over IP (IETF RFC 2871) TCAP User Adaptation (IETF SIGTRAN) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System V5 User Adaptation (IETF SIGTRAN) Voice Activity Detection Visitor Location Register (GSM, 3GPP) Voice over DSL Voice over IP Wireless Application Protocol Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Extensible Markup Language
BCFE CC CCI CN CPN DiffServ FE GW IETF IN INI IP IPDV
Bearer Control Functional Entity Connection Control Connection Control Interface Core Network Customer Premises Network Differentiated Services Functional Entity Gateway Internet Engineering Task Force Intelligent Network Inter-Network Interface Internet Protocol IP Packet Delay Variation xi
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1 4
IPLR IPTD MCU MPLS NC NCI NNI NSIS QoS SC SCI SeCFE SFE SvCFE TE UDP UNI VOD VoIP
IP Packet Loss Ratio IP Packet Transfer Delay Multipoint Control Unit Multi-Protocol Label Switching Network Control Network Control Interface Network-Network Interface Next Step in Signalling Quality of Service Switch Control Switching Control Interface Session Control Functional Entity Switching Functional Entity Service Control Functional Entity Terminal Equipment User Datagram Protocol User-Network Interface Video On Demand Voice over IP
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Halaman LAMPIRAN A : Diagram Call Flow Skenario I, II, III (kondisi B bebas/sibuk) A.1 Call Flow Skenario I (Access Gateway), pelanggan B bebas ……………
A1
A.2 Call Flow Skenario I (Access Gateway), pelanggan B sibuk ……………
A2
A.3 Call Flow Skenario II (Signaling Gateway), pelanggan B bebas ………
A3
A.4 Call Flow Skenario II (Signaling Gateway), pelanggan B sibuk …………
A4
A.5 Call Flow Skenario III (SIP Phone), pelanggan B bebas …………….……
A5
A.6 Call Flow Skenario III (SIP Phone), pelanggan B sibuk ………..………
A6
LAMPIRAN B : Diagram Alir Proses Internal Tiap Elemen B.1 Access Gateway (Skenario I) ………………………………….…
B1
B.2 Signaling Gateway (Skenario II) ………………………………….
B2
B.3 SIP Phone (Skenario III) ………………………………….…
B3
LAMPIRAN C : Sampel hasil pencatatan (message capture), txt file call data record C.1 Skenario I : pelanggan B bebas
C1
C.5 Skenario I : pelanggan B sibuk
C5
C.6 Skenario II : pelanggan B bebas
C6
C.10 Skenario II: pelanggan B sibuk
C10
C.12 Skenario III : pelanggan B bebas
C12
C.14 Skenario III : pelanggan B sibuk
C14
LAMPIRAN D : D.1 Contoh Sampel Tabel hasil rekap (hasil parsing dari File txt) ………….… D1
LAMPIRAN E : E.1 Tabel Data Waktu Antar Kedatangant ……………………………………… E1
LAMPIRAN F : Pemetaan Komponen Delay Softswitch pada Diagram Call Flow
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F.1 Skenario I : pelanggan B bebas
F1
F.2 Skenario I : pelanggan B sibuk
F2
F.3 Skenario II : pelanggan B bebas
F3
F.4 Skenario II: pelanggan B sibuk
F4
F.5 Skenario III : pelanggan B bebas
F5
F.6 Skenario III : pelanggan B sibuk
F6
LAMPIRAN G : Tabel Analisis & Verifikasi Komponen Delay pada Softswitch G.1 Tabel Delay Hasil Simulasi dan Perhitungan Model M/G/1………………
G1
G.2 Tabel Perbandingan Hasil Simulasi dan Model M/G/1……………………… G2 G3. Tabel Perbandingan Hasil Simulasi dan Model M/G/1……………………… G3
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