Session: 2
REGIONAL WATER ASSESSMENT Sumatera August Restiawan
Water Availability VS Demand (Surface Water)
Water Availability in Sumatra Ketersediaan (Juta m3/tahun) Qrata
485,732 840,737 571,703
Ketersediaan (Juta m3/tahun) Q80%
Ketersediaan (Juta m3/tahun) Q90%
Water Demand in Sumatra 73
Domestic, Urban, Industri (M3/Sec)
1,727
Irrigation (M3/Sec)
COUNTRY WATER ASSESSMENT NERACA AIR
WATER BALANCE OF RBT IN SUMATERA
WATER UTILIZATION INDEX (Q requirement : Q availability)
Zona Kritis Sedang
Zona Kritis Ringan (WS. Seputih-Sekampung
Note : <25% = Tdk Kriis 25%-50% = Kritis Ringan 50%-100% = Kritis sedang >100% = Kritis berat
(Ws Kepulauan Karimun, WS Kep. Lingga-Singkep, WS Kep. Batam-Bintan, dan WS Kep. NatunaAnambas)
Water Availability VS Demand (Groundwater)
Groundwater Condition in Sumatera
25.7 Potential (km3/year)
85.8
Safe Yield (km3/year)
Water Uses and Demand Domestic Urban Demand (m3/s) South Sumatera
90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 -
Lampung Kep Riau Riau Jambi Bengkulu Kep Bangka Belitung
Urban & Rural Water Demand
W. Sumatera N.Sumatera
2020
2030
2040
2050
NAD
Domestic Rural Demand (m3/s) South Sumatera
80.00
Lampung
70.00
Kep Riau
60.00
Riau
50.00
40.00
Jambi
30.00
Bengkulu
20.00
Kep Bangka Belitung
10.00
West Sumatera North Sumatera
2020
2030
Source : BPS 2013, dolah
2040
2050
NAD
Status Layanan PDAM di Sumatera (PDAM Service Status) 35,000 30,508 30,000
25,000
20,705 20,000
Installed capacity (l/sec) 15,000
Production capacity (l/sec)
10,000
5,000
Babel
Bengkulu
Jambi
Kep Riau Lampung
NAD
Riau
Sumbar
Sumsel
Sumut
Total Sumatera
90.0% 83.5%
80.0% 70.4%
70.0% 61.6% 55.1%
60.0% 51.7%
50.0% 40.0%
60.7%
52.5%
55.6%
46.7% 38.4% 32.0%
30.0%
43.8%
16.5%
46.0% 35.4%
35.2%
34.0%
29.4%
25.4% 20.0%
41.8%
19.9% 15.5%
10.0% 0.0%
Coverage (%) NRW (%)
Source : Laporan BPPSPAM, 2011, diolah Note : NRW = Non Revenu for Water Air yg tdk menjadi pendapatan/ kehilangan air)
Kebutuhan Lahan Sawah 2030 20,000,000
18,000,000
Kebutuhan dan Ketersediaan GKP
18,5 jt
2,000,000
16,000,000
Kebutuhan Lahan sawah baru
1,500,000
14,000,000
11,8 jt
1,000,000
12,000,000
Kebutuhan Sawah baru (Ha) (1 x Tanam)
Kebutuhan GKP (Ton/Thn))
10,000,000
9,2 jt
Produksi (TON) (1 x Tanam) Produksi (TON) (2 x Tanam)
8,000,000
6,000,000
500,000
Kebutuhan Sawah baru (Ha) (2 x Tanam)
-
4,000,000
(500,000)
2,000,000
Babel Bengkulu Jambi
Kep Riau Lampung
NAD
Riau
Provinsi
Jumlah Penduduk
Bangka Belitung Bengkulu Jambi Kep Riau Lampung NAD Riau Sumatera Barat Sumatera Selatan Sumatera Utara Total Sumatera
1,223,296 1,715,518 3,092,265 1,679,163 7,608,405 4,494,410 5,538,367 4,846,909 7,450,394 12,982,204 50,630,931
Sumbar
Sumsel
Sumut
Total Sumatera
Kebutuhan per Kebutuhan Beras kapita (kg/thn) (Ton/Thn) 140 171,261 140 240,173 140 432,917 140 235,083 140 1,065,177 140 629,217 140 775,371 140 678,567 140 1,043,055 140 1,817,509 7,088,330
(1,000,000)
Kebutuhan GKP (Ton/Thn)) 285,436 400,288 721,529 391,805 1,775,295 1,048,696 1,292,286 1,130,945 1,738,425 3,029,181 11,813,884
Sumber : Statistik Indonesia 2013, diolah
Luas Sawah (Ha) 5,932 90,217 113,757 393 348,435 307,556 115,897 231463 629355 468442 2,311,447
Surplus/Defisit Produksi (TON) Kebutuhan Sawah baru (1 x Tanam) (2 x Tanam) (1 x Tanam) (2 x Tanam) (1 x Tanam) (2 x Tanam) 23,728 47,456 (261,708) (237,980) (65,427) (59,495) 360,868 721,736 (39,420) 321,448 (9,855) 80,362 455,028 910,056 (266,501) 188,527 (66,625) 47,132 1,572 3,144 (390,233) (388,661) (97,558) (97,165) 1,393,740 2,787,480 (381,555) 1,012,186 (95,389) 253,046 1,230,224 2,460,448 181,528 1,411,752 45,382 352,938 463,588 927,176 (828,698) (365,110) (207,174) (91,277) 925,852 1,851,704 (205,093) 720,759 (51,273) 180,190 2,517,420 5,034,840 778,995 3,296,415 194,749 824,104 1,873,768 3,747,536 (1,155,413) 718,355 (288,853) 179,589 9,245,788 18,491,576 (2,568,096) 6,677,692 (642,024) 1,669,423
Penyebaran Kelapa sawit di Sumatera
Di Indonesia, penyebaran kelapa sawit terbesar ada di Sumatera (4.819.494 Ha), dan sebagian terletak di daerah lahan bergambut. Selain itu ada juga kecenderungan investor ingin mengembangkan kelapa sawit di daerah bergambut. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup menyarankan supaya pengembangan kelapa sawit diarahkan ke luar wilayah kubah gambut, karena wilayah tersebut mempunyai fungsi lindung, IPB (2012)
Water Demand = Kelapa sawit Memiliki perakaran serabut yang tidak dapat menampung/menyimpan air di dalam tanah, memerlukan ± 15 liter air/hari/pokok tanaman Jika 1 Ha terdapat 158 pokok tanaman kelapa sawit PERLU air sebanyak 2.370 liter/hari (= 0,03 liter/detik)
Penyebaran Kelapa sawit di Sumatera
Luas Lahan Gambut
Luas hutan Indonesia 132,5 juta hektare (ha). Dari luas hutan tsb, 17–21 juta ha adalah hutan lahan gambut yang tersebar di 14 provinsi, di antaranya 7 juta ha di Papua, 4 juta ha di Riau, dan 3 juta ha di Kalimantan Tengah.
Water Uses and Demand • Water for Industry
Sector Oil & gas Agro industry, Food & Beverages Textile Wood Paper & Pulp Chemicals Steel Transport Others Total
% share in economy 3.81% 7.49% 2.08% 1.43% 1.09% 2.9% 0.48% 6.17% 0.17% 26.38%
Number of plant 6000
Water demand High Very high Very high Low Very high High Medium Low
Water Quality
Water Hazards (Flood)
NAD
Sumut
Potensi Rawan Banjir : Tinggi
Rendah
Sedang
Aman
Water Hazards (Flood)
West Sumatera
Kep. Riau
Sumatera Bag. Selatan
Potensi Rawan Banjir : Tinggi Sedang
Rendah Aman
Water Hazards (Drought)
Low
High
Water Hazards (Erosion)
TINGKAT RESIKO :
Rendah Sedang Tinggi
Rendah Sedang Tinggi
Degradasi DAS (Lahan Kritis) Lahan Kritis di Sumatera(Rb hektar) 24,771 25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000 6,649 5,000
2,385
5,839
2,754
2,247 1,069
527
476
1,401
1,424
-
Aceh
Sumut
Sumbar
Riau
Kep. Riau
Sumber : Kementerian Kehutanan, 2013
Jambi
SumSel Kep, BaBel Bengkulu Lampung
Total
UPAYA PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN AIR
