SENIOR VOLUNTEERING IN HUNGARY “WAYS TO ENHANCE ACTIVE AGING THROUGH VOLUNTEERING – WEACTIVEVOL” 2016-1-PL01-KA204-026166 20TH OF APRIL 2017
AGEING (ELDERLY) POLICY UN – 1991 EU – 2002 Strategy of Lisbon Declaration of Berlin The Age Principles Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing Active Ageing – Policy Framework (WHO 2001)
HEALTH AND AGEING POLICY – TARGETS • INCREASING THE NUMBER OF YEARS SPENT HEALTHILY
• MAINTAINING AN ACTIVE LIFESTYLE • ENSURING THE SECURITY OF OLD-AGE INCOME • STRENGTHENING SOCIAL INTEGRATION, ADJUSTING SERVICES (HEALTH, SOCIAL, EDUCATIONAL, CULTURAL, ETC), TO THE NEEDS AND
INTERESTS OF THE ELDERLY • INCREASING THE DIGITAL LITERACY OF THE ELDERLY, SUPPORTING LIFELONG LEARNING AND DIGITAL ACCESS, PROVIDING THEIR ACCESS TO LEARNING MATERIAL • STRENGTHENING THE CONDITIONS FOR ACTIVE AGEING, WHICH DOES NOT ONLY INVOLVE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND STAYING IN THE LABOUR MARKET, BUT ALSO ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN SOCIAL, CULTURAL, CIVIL LIFE • PROPAGATION OF THE „MANAGEMENT” OF THE AGEING PROCESS AT AN EARLY AGE • A CHANGE OF VIEW IN SOCIETY WITH REGARD TO THE PERCEPTION AND JUDGEMENT OF THE AGEING PROCESS BOTH IN ECONOMIC
AND SOCIAL TERMS
PRINCIPLES OF ACTIVE AGEING • „ACTIVITY”- TOTALITY OF ACTIVITIES – WELL-BEING • RELATED TO EVERY ELDERLY PERSON • PREVENTION - LIFE PATH APPROACH • SOLIDARITY BETWEEN GENERATIONS • RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS • STRENGTHENING CONTRIBUTION
• PARTICIPATIVE • POWER OF AUTHORISATION • EMPOWERING
• RESPECT FOR NATIONAL AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY • PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND CIVIL SOCIETY SOURCE: ALAN WALKER: A STRATEGY FOR ACTIVE AGEING
HUNGARY/MAGYARORSZÁG • AREA: 93.030 KM2
• SIZE OF POPULATION • POPULATION DENSITY HEAD/ KM2: 106 • NUMBER OF CITIES : 346 • NUMBER OF VILLAGES: 2809 • CAPITAL: BUDAPEST
Sourche: http://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xstadat/xstadat_eves/i_wdsd005.html download: 2017. 04.12.
DEMOGRAPHICAL DATA Changes in the size of population in Hungary 12000000
10000000
8000000
6000000
4000000
2000000
0 1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1920
1930
1941
1949
1960
Sourche: http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas download: 2017. április 12. saját szerkesztés.
1970
1980
1990
2001
2011
Magyarország népessége főbb korcsoportok és nemek szerint
Népességen belül a 60+ aránya
2 000 000 1 800 000 1 600 000
25%
1 400 000 1 200 000
0-59 éves 60 +
1 000 000 800 000 600 000
75%
400 000 200 000 0 –14
15–39
Férfi
40–59
60–
Nő
Sourche: http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas download: 2017. április 12. saját szerkesztés.
PENSION SYSTEM • PAY AS YOU GO PENSION SYSTEM • VOLUNTARY PENSION FUND • OBLIGATORY PRIVATE PENSION SCHEME (1998 – 2010)
PENSION
-49999
50000 - 99000
100000 - 149999
150000 - 199999
3% 7% 15%
35%
40%
Sourche: www.ksh.hu Nyugdíjak és egyéb ellátások, 2016
200000 -
ELDERY POPULATION AND EDUCATIONAL RATES 300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0 Az általános iskola Általános iskola első évfolyamát sem végezte el
Középfokú iskola érettségi nélkül, szakmai oklevéllel
65–69
Érettségi
70–74
Érettségire épülő középfokú szakképesítés
75–79
Felsőfokú szakképesítés
80–84
Főiskola, felsőfokú Egyetem, felsőfokú Doktori (PhD- vagy alapképzés mesterképzés DLA-) fokozat (BA/BSc) oklevéllel (MA/MSc) oklevéllel
85–
Sourche: http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas/tablak_iskolazottsag download: 2017.04.15. saját szerkesztés
ELDERLY POPULATION AND MARITAL STATUS Nő
NŐTLEN, HAJADON
HÁZAS
982 967
ÖZVEGY
Sourche: http://www.ksh.hu/nepszamlalas download: 2017. 04.14. saját szerkesztés
186 099
112 368
705 858 123 942
588 173
57 534
71 953
674 704
1 537 664
Férfi
ELVÁLT
ÖSSZESEN
HEALTH
WHO/Európa, HFA adatbázis, 2011. január
VOLUNTEERING
2001- INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF VOLUNTEERING (UN) 2011 - EUROPEAN YEAR OF VOLUNTEERING (ET)
VOLUNTEERING ACTIVITIES OF FREE WILL, WITHOUT FINANCIAL COMPENSATION DIRECTLY OR THROUGH ORGANIZATIONS ACTIVITIES FOR PERSONS LIVING OUTSIDE THE HOUSEHOLD AND FOR SOCIETY IN GENERAL (FOR GROUPS AND COMMUNITIES, AS WELL AS IN FAVOUR OF ANIMAL AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION).
VOLUNTEERING IN HUNGARY
• IT HAS ALWAYS BEEN PRESENT, ALBEIT TO VARYING DEGREES • RATHER ODD ATTITUDE BEFORE THE CHANGE OF POLITICAL SYSTEM IN 1989 • INCONSTANT INTENSITY FROM THE NINETIES ON
• 2005 - VOLUNTARY ACT • 2011 - VOLUNTEER CONCEPT
SCENES OF VOLUNTEERING • CHURCHES
• SPORT • CULTURE
• HEALTHCARE • SOCIAL CARE
• ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Transfer of life experiences
VOLUNTARY ACTIVITIES • HOUSEHOLD WORK
• SPORT AND LEISURE ACTIVITIES
• ADMINISTRATIVE TASKS, SHOPPING
• EVENT ORGANIZATION
• BABYSITTING, CHILDCARE
• EDUCATION
• PATIENT CARE, ELDERLY CARE
• ACTIVITIES RELATED TO RELIGION
• HELPING PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
• ADMINISTRATIVE WORK
• ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
• POLITICAL ACTIVITY • PUBLIC SAFETY
VOLUNTEERING IN HUNGARY (2013)
28%
önkéntes tevékenységet végzett önkéntes tevékenységet nem végzett
72%
Sourche: https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xstadat/xstadat_evkozi/e_onkent9_03_02.html download: 2017.04.15. saját szerkesztés
VOLUNTEERING IN HUNGARY 15-74 ÉVES NÉPESSÉG ÖNKÉNTES TEVÉKENYSÉGE 2014. I. NEGYEDÉV (ELŐZŐ 12 HÓNAP) Végzett
Nem végzett
900 000 800 000 700 000 600 000
536 426
500 000 434 139
400 000 300 000
429 738
439 165
444 414 373 155
418 320
352 284
408 451 344 421
384 735
323 361
200 000 100 000
125 406
163 239
172 869
15–19
20–24
25–29
221 307
296 227
270 405
259 528
233 088
274 576
249 579
183 533
107 690
0 30–34
35–39
40–44
45–49
50–54
55–59
60–64
65–69
70–74
Sourche: https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xstadat/xstadat_evkozi/e_onkent9_03_02.html download: 2017.04.15. saját szerkesztés
SENIOR VOLUNTEERING IN EUROPE
SENIOR VOLUNTEERING IN HUNGARY Volunteers/modes of volunteering 250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0 Közvetlenül
Szervezete(ke)n keresztül
60–64
65–69
Közvetlenül és szervezete(ke)n keresztül egyaránt
70–74
Sourche: https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xstadat/xstadat_evkozi/e_onkent9_03_02.html download: 2017.04.15.
TIME SPENT WITH VOLUNTEERING ON THE BASIS OF AGE 15-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
5% 12%
15%
68%
386731112 HOUR/YEAR Source: https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xstadat/xstadat_evkozi/e_onkent9_03_02.html download: 2017.04.15. saját szerkesztés
Transfer of life experiences
BENEFITS OF SENIOR VOLUNTEERING • PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
• MENTAL HEALTH, OVERALL HEALTH • WELFARE • SELF-DETERMINATION
• AUTONOMY
• TRANSMISSION OF LIFE EXPERIENCES
• PROMOTING SOCIAL SAFETY • ADDED VALUE FOR SOCIETY
QUESTIONS I. • WHERE AND BY WHOM CAN PENSIONER GROUPS BE REACHED?
• ARE ALL OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE TO VOLUNTEER? • CHANGE OF VIEW? WHAT KIND OF INFLUENCE WILL COMMUNITY VOLUNTEERING/COMPULSORY ACTIVITIES BRING ABOUT?
QUESTIONS II. IF ORGANIZATION IS IMPORTANT AND NECESSARY, WHO SHALL THE ORGANIZER BE?
• STATE?
• LOCAL GOVERNMENT? • CIVILIANS?
• CHURCHES?
STATE LEGISLATION FINANCING
REGISTRATION WEBSITE: AVAILABLE FROM JULY 2015 - REGISTERED SEEKERS OF ACTIVITIES: 629 - ORGANIZATIONS SEARCHING FOR VOULUNTEERS: 108 - ORGANIZATION SEARCHING FOR VOLUNTEERS TO BE ACTIVE AT BUDAPEST LOCATIONS: 88
LOCAL GOVERMENT COORDINATION OF SENIOR VOLUNTEERS IS RANDOM, NONETHELESS THERE ARE SOME GOOD PRACTICES AS SEEN BELOW (THIS LIST IS NOT EXHAUSTIVE):
• GYŐR - TALKING NETWORK • BUDAPEST XI. DISTRICT - 60+ • BUDAPEST XII. DISTRICT – “THE BEAUTIES OF AGEING” IN THE MOUNTAIN DISTRICT
• BUDAPEST XVII. – “GRANDMA TELLS A STORY” PROGRAMME
CHURCHES SIGNIFICANT VOLUNTEERING ACTIVITY COPIOUS ORGANIZATIONAL WORK
• HUNGARIAN INTERCHURCH AID • HUNGARIAN CHARITY SERVICE OF THE ORDER OF MALTA • REFORMED CHARITY SERVICE • CATHOLIC CHARITY SERVICE • BAPTIST CHARITY SERVICE
CIVILIANS ADVANTAGE: - FLEXIBILITY - QUICK REACTION TO UNSATISFIED NEEDS FAST REACTION DISADVANTAGE:
- UNCERTAIN FUNDING - GAINING AND MAINTAINING TRUST
• VOLUNTEERING HUNGARY • HOME HELP FOUNDATION • SENIOR MENTOR PROGRAM
QUESTIONS III.
ASSUMING THAT VOLUNTEERING IS IMPORTANT FOR THE OLDER GENERATION, ARE WE DOING ENOUGH TO MAKE IT KNOWN? WOULD FUNDRAISING BE NEEDED FOR SPREADING INFORMATION? WOULD FUNDS BE AVAILABLE FOR ADVERTISING? WOULD FUNDRAISING BE NEEDED FOR THE BETTER COORDINATION OF VOLUNTEERING IN ORGANIZATIONS? THERE ARE RESOURCES FOR THE COORDINATION OF ORGANIZED VOLUNTEERING! MOST OF THE FUNDS ARE GRANTED BY THE EU, DISTRIBUTED THROUGH ITS APPLICATION SYSTEM
I HAVE BEEN PROFESSIONALLY INVOLVED IN VOLUNTEERING FOR FIVE YEARS I CONSIDER THE REDUCTION OF REGIONAL DISPARITIES AND THE GRANTING OF EQUAL ACCESS TO EVERYONE NECESSARY, AND I EMPHATHICALLY STRESS THE ROLE OF SELF-DETERMINATION AND AUTONOMY. THERE ARE STILL UNSOLVED PROBLEMS AND UNTACKLED TASKS, AND THERE WILL BE MANY MORE COMING UP IN THE FORESEEABLE FUTURE THAT HAVE TO BE ADDRESSED.
REFERENCES: • Batta Zsófia: Önkéntesség Magyarországon http://onkentes.gov.hu/wp content/uploads/2015/06/Önkéntesség-Magyarországon-2013.pdf
• Fényes Hajnalka – Kiss Gabriella (2011): Az önkéntesség szociológiája http://www.kulturaeskozosseg.hu/pdf/2011/1/kek_2011_1_4.pdf letöltve: 2017.04.15. • Gyarmati Andrea (2009): Aktív időskor - új paradigma a ii. világháború utáni európai szociálpolitikában kapocs viii. évfolyam 1. szám • Hablicsek László – Pákozdi Ildikó (2004): Az elöregedő társadalom szociális kihívása - ESÉLY Szociálpolitikai folyóirat 2004. év 3. szám • Szellő János: Az önkéntes munka típusai, hagyományai európában – előadás. Letöltve: 2017.04.15. • Alan Walker: Az aktív idősödés stratégiája - Kapocs VIII. évfolyam 1. szám • 17. Soproni Szociális Tudományos Tanácskozás előadásai – 2011. október 13-15. – letöltve: 2017.04.12.
• Önkéntes munka Magyarországon - https://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/idoszaki/pdf/onkentesmunka.pdf letöltve: 2017.04.15.
THANKYOU FOR YOUR ATTENCION!
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