20 Saran 1. Perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai pemberian Nigella sativa pada unggas yang dipelihara dalam waktu yang lama dan penambahan jumlah ulangan sampel penelitian untuk melihat pengaruh Nigella sativa secara maksimal. 2. Perlu dilakukan penelitian Nigella sativa dengan pemberian berbagai dosis.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Abdel-Sater KA. 2009. Gastroprotective effects of Nigella sativa oil on the formation of stress gastritis in hypothyroidal rats. J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 1:143-149. Akter
SH, Khan MZI, Jahan MR, Karim MR, Islam MR. 2006. Histomorphological study of the lymphoid tissues of broiler chicken. J Vet Med. 4:87-92.
Al-Jawfi KAM, Magda MAH, Ahmed M. 2008. Effect of Nigella sativa oil on hamster lymphocytes secondary to MDBA-induced carcinogenesis. J Suez Canal Med. 11:75-80. Amrullah IK. 2004. Seri Beternak Mandiri: Nutrisi Ayam Broiler. Bogor (ID): Lembaga Satu Gunungbudi. Hlm: 32. Aughey E, Frye FL. 2001. Comparative Veterinary Histology with Clinical Correlates. London (UK): mansoon Publishing. Hlm: 252. Anderson WL. 1999. Immunology. England (UK): Fence Creek Pub. Hlm: 7-22. Bacha LM, Bacha WJ. 2000. Color Atlas of Veterinary Histology. Ed ke-2. Philadelpia (USA): Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Hlm: 84. Baisa YH. 2011. Gambaran kinerja ayam pedaging yang di vaksinasi dengan berbagai tingkat dosis vaksin IBD Blend Strain Winterfield 2512 [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor. [Bappenas] Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. 2000. Budidaya Ayam Ras Pedaging. Proyek Pengembangan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pedesaan: Jakarta (ID). http://www.ristek.go.id. [5 Januari 2012].
21 Camenisch G, Mauro T, Dmitri C, Ivica K, Vickram S, Jaime C, Patrick s, Roland HW, Max G. 1999. General applicability of chicken egg yolk antibodies: the performance of IgY immunoglobulins raised against the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α. J The Faseb. 13:81-88. Cheville NF. 2006. Introduction to Veterinary Pathology. Ed ke-3. Philadelphia (US): Black Well Publishing Profesional. Hlm: 155-157. Dellman B. 1989. Buku Teks Histologi Veteriner I. Penerjemah Hartono R. Jakarta (ID): Universitas Indonesia Pr. Hlm: 14-43. El-Dakhakhny M, Madi NJ, Lambert N, Ammon HP. 2002. Nigella sativa oil, nigellone and derived thymoquinone inhibit synthesis of 5-lipoxygenase products in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 8:161-164. El-Kadi A, Kandil O. 1987. The black seed (Nigella sativa) and immunity: its effect on human cell subsets. Fed Proc.46:1222-1226. El-Kadi A, Kandil O, Tabuni AM. 1989. Nigella sativa and cell mediated immunity. Arch AIDS Res. 1:232-233. Eroschenko VP. 2008. DiFIORE’S Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlations. Ed ke-11. Philadelpia (US): Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Hlm: 209. Fadilah R. 2004. Panduan Mengelola Peternakan Ayam Broiler Komersial. Ed rev. Tangerang (ID): PT AgroMedia Pustaka. Hlm: 1-3. Fadilah R, Polana A. 2004. Aneka Penyakit pada Ayam dan Cara Mengatasinya. Depok (ID): PT. AgroMedia Pustaka. Hlm: 25-27. Fawcett DW. 2002. Buku Ajar Histologi. Ed ke-12. Tambayong J, penerjemah. Jakarta (ID): Buku Kedokteran EGC. Terjemahan dari: A Text Book of Histologi. Gali-Muhtasib A, El-Najjar N, Schneider-Stock R. 2007. The medicinal potential of black seed (Nigella sativa) and its components. Adv in Phytomed. 2:133153. Gerige SJ, Gerige MKY, Rao M, Ramanjaneyulu. 2009. GC-MS analysis of Nigella sativa seeds and antimicrobial activity of its volatile oil. Braz arch Biol Technol. 52:1189-1192. Getty R. 1975. Sisson and Grossman’s. The Anatomy of Domestic Animals. Ed ke5. Philadelphia (US): Saunders Company. Hlm: 76.
22 Glaser R, Susan K, William PL, Robert HB. 1990. Physiological stress-induced modulation of interleukin 2 receptor gene expression and interleukin 2 production in perpheral blood leukocytes. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 47:707-712. Ganong WF. 2003. Fisiologi Kedokteran. Jakarta (ID): EGC. Hlm: 512-599. Hartati Y. 2005. Respon kekebalan vaksin avian influenza inaktif pada ayam indukan pedaging strain Hubbard (studi kasus pada peternakan ayam indukan pedaging) [skripsi]. Bogor (ID): Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Hartono R. 1995. Histologi Veteriner: Sitologi dan Jaringan Dasar. Bogor (ID): Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Institut Pertanian Bogor. Hlm 20-23. Hutapea JR. 1994. Inventaris Tanaman Obat Indonesia (III). Jakarta (ID): Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, DEPKES RI. Hlm: 243-245. Jubb KVF, Kennedy PC, Palmer N. 2006. Pathology of Domestic Animal. Ed ke5. Philadelphia (US): Elsevier Saunders. Hlm: 108. Khan, MZ, Hashimoto Y. 1996. An immunohistochemical analysis of T cell subsets in the chicken bursa of Fabricius during postnatal stages of development. J Vet Med Sci. 58:1231–1234. Kim IJ, You SK, Kim H, Yeh HY, Sharma JM. 2000. Characteristics of bursal T lymphocytes induced by infectious bursal disease virus. J Virol. 74(19):8884–8892. Lukert PD, Saif YM. 1997. IBD. MS Hofsttad, HJ Barnes, BW Calnek, WM Reid, HW Yoder, editor. Iowa (US): Iowa University Pr. Terjemahan dari: Disease of Poultry. Ed ke-9. Machdum N. 2009. Vaksinasi, Mencegah Penyakit yang Disebabkan oleh Virus. Invovet. Ed ke-174: 28-30. Muladno, Sofyan Sjaf, Ahmad YA,Iswandari. 2008. Struktur Usaha Broiler di Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): CV Mus. Hlm: 18-24. Omar A, Ghosheh S, Abdulghani A, Houdi A, Crookscor PA. 1999. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of the pharmacologically active quinones and related compounds in the oil of the black seed (L. Nigella sativa). J Pharm Biomed Anal. 19:757– 62. Permana A. 2008. Beternak Ayam Broiler. Jakarta (ID): Multazam Mulia Utama. Hlm: 2. Pope CR. 1995. Avian Histopathology. Ed ke-2. The American Association of Avian Pathologiest. Hlm: 56-58.
23
Raharja K, Tan HT. 2007. Obat-obat Penting: Khasiat, Pengunaan, dan Efek Sampingnya. Jakarta (ID): Elex Media Komputindo. Hlm: 237. Rajput ZI, HuS, XiaoC, ArijoAG. 2007. Adjuvant effect of saponin on animal immune responses. J Zhejiang University. 8:153-161. Randhawa MA. 2008. Black seed, Nigella sativa, deserves more attention. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 20(2). Rao DG. 2010. A Text Book on Systemic Pathology of Domestic Animals. Lucknow: ibdc publisher. Hlm: 205-211. Rasyaf M. 2008. Panduan Beternak Ayam Pedaging. Jakarta (ID): Penebar Swadaya. Hlm: 7-15. Riddel. 1987. Avian Histopathology. American Association of Avian Pathologis. Pennsylvania (US): University of Pennsylvania Rouhou SC. 2006. Nigella sativa L.: chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics of lipid fraction. J Food Chem. 101:637-681. Salem ML. 2005. Immunomodulatory and therapeutic effect of Nigella sativa L. seed. Int Immunopharmacol. 5:1749-177. Searcy GP. 1995. Hemopoietic System. Carlton WM, McGavin MD, editor. Terjemahan dari: Thomson's Special Veterinary Pathology. New York (US): Mosby Yearbook. Ed ke-2. Sediaoetama AD. 2000 . Ilmu Gizi Untuk Mahasiswa dan Profesi. Jakarta (ID): Dian Rakyat. Hlm: 24. Schleicher P, Saleh M. 2000. Black Cumin: The Magical Egyptian Herb For Allergies, Asthma, And Immune Disorders. Vermont: Inner Traditions International. Hlm: 5-6. Stewart G. 2004. The immune System. Texas (TX): Chelsea House Pub. Hlm: 710. Tan BKH, Vanitha J. 2004. Imunomodulatory and Antimicrobial Effects of Some Traditional Chinese Medicinal Herbs: a review current medicinal chemistry 11: 1423-1430. Tizard IR. 2004. Veterinary Immunology An Introduction. Ed ke-7. Philadelpia (US): Saunders. Hlm: 78-79
24 Ward JM, Mann PC, Morishima H, Frith CH. 1999. Thymus, Spleen and lymph Nodes. Maronpot RR, GA Boorman, BW Gaul, editor. Terjemahan dari: Pathology of Mouse Reference and Atlas. Viena: Cache River Pr. Hlm: 333357. Wiryawan W. 2009. Pengebalan Terhadap Gumboro. http://broilermitraperkasa.blogspot.com/2009/08/pengebalan-terhadapgumboro. html. [23 Februari 2012]. Withers DR, Davison F, Young JR. 2006. Diversified bursal medullary B cells survive and expand independently after depletion following neonatalinfectious bursal disease virus infection. J Immunol. 117:558-565.