PORTRAIT OF WOMEN IN OSCAR WILDE’S A WOMAN OF NO IMPORTANCE AND GEORGE BERNARD SHAW’S PYGMALION
THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for Getting the Post Graduate Degree of Language Department at Muhammadiyah Surakarta University
By: BUDIYONO SLAMET S200110014
PROGRAM STUDI PENGKAJIAN BAHASA POST GRADUATE PROGRAMME MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2014
i
NOTE OF ADVISOR I
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed. Lecturer of Language Study of Post Graduate Program Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Official Note on Budiyono Slamet’s Thesis
Dear, The director of Post Graduate Program of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Having read, examined, corrected, and necessarily revised towards the thesis of
Name
: Budiyono Slamet
NIM
: S 200110014
Program
: Magister of Language Study
Focus on
: English Language Study
Title
: PORTRAIT OF WOMEN IN OSCAR WILDE’S A WOMAN OF NO IMPORTANCE AND GEORGE BERNARD SHAW’S PYGMALION
I access that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of the examiner in the Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Surakarta, December,
2103
First Advisor
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
ii
NOTE OF ADVISOR II
Dr. Drs. M. Thoyibi, M. S. Lecturer of Language Study of Post Graduate Program Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Official Note on Budiyono Slamet’s Thesis
Dear, The director of Post Graduate Program of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Having read, examined, corrected, and necessarily revised towards the thesis of
Name
: Budiyono Slamet
NIM
: S 200110014
Program
: Magister of Language Study
Focus on
: English Language Study
Title
: PORTRAIT OF WOMEN IN OSCAR WILDE’S A WOMAN OF NO IMPORTANCE AND GEORGE BERNARD SHAW’S PYGMALION
I access that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of the examiner in the Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Surakarta, December, Second Advisor
Dr. Drs. M. Thoyibi, M. S.
iii
2103
iv
PRONOUNCEMENT
I am the writer of this thesis, Name
: BUDIYONO SLAMET
NIM
: S 200 110 014
Programme
: Magister Pengkajian Bahasa (MPB)
Focus on
: Literature
Title
: PORTRAIT OF WOMEN IN OSCAR WILDE’S A WOMAN OF NO IMPORTANCE AND GEORGE BERNARD SHAW’S PYGMALION
Certify that this thesis is definitely my own work. I am completely responsible for its contents. Otherwise, there are some other writer’s opinions for findings included in this thesis but they are quoted or cited in accordance with ethical standard. When there is an evidence that this thesis is a kind of plagiarism, I will accept the cancellation of my post graduate degree given by Muhammadiyah Surakarta University.
Surakarta, Sincerely,
Budiyono Slamet
v
MOTTO
AS LONG LIFE EXISTS THERE IS ALWAYS A WAY OUT TO MAKE ANYTHING BETTER
A LIFE SPENT MAKING MISTAKES IS NOT ONLY MORE HONORABLE, BUT MORE USEFUL THAN A LIFE SPENT DOING NOTHING (BEORGE BERNARD SHAW)
vi
DEDICATION
I dedicate this thesis to :
My beloved wife, Rina Andarwati, who always encourages me My charming daughters, Ceril and Hana My mother and parents in law My brothers and sisters My best friends
vii
ABSTRACT
Budiyono Slamet, S200110014, 2013. Portrait of Women in Oscar Wilde’s A Woman of No Importance and George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion. Thesis. Magister of Language Study. Faculty of Language Department. Muhammadiyah Surakarta University. Advisors: (1) Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed. (2) Dr. Drs. Moch.Thoyibi, M.S. This research aims at: (1) finding out the social class structure of the women characters in Oscar Wilde’s A Woman of No Importance and George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion based on sociological perspective; (2) examining the struggle of the women characters in the Oscar Wilde’s A Woman of No Importance and George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion based on feminist perspective. The qualitative research is carried out by making use of the descriptive method. The researcher analyzes the data by using sociology of literature and feminist approach. The analysis is used for: describing the social class of the women and analyzing the women struggle to fight for the inequality of rights. Based on the result of the data analysis, the research findings are: (1) there are social classes reflected in Oscar Wilde’s A Woman of No Importance and George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion in the Victorian age which brougth misery to the poor people or lower social class; (2) the major female characters did efforts as they seem the inequality of right, role and participation in the society to make their right equal as men. (3) giving the opportunity of equal education to the working class especially for the women will make them have an option to get the same level or in other words there is no social class distinction and gender inequality. Keywords: social class, struggle, women’s right, equality
viii
ABSTRAK
Budiyono Slamet, S200110014, 2013. Portrait of Women in Oscar Wilde’s A Woman of No Importance and George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion. Thesis. Magister Pengkajian Bahasa. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Pembimbing: (1) Dr. Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, M.Ed. (2) Dr. Drs. Moch.Toyibi, M.S. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) menemukan struktur kelas sosial dari tokoh wanita dalam drama A Woman of No Importance karya Oscar Wilde dan dalam Pygmalion karya George Bernard Shaw dalam sudut pandang sosiologi; (2) meneliti perlawanan yang dilakukan tokoh wanita dalam drama A Woman of No Importance karya Oscar Wilde and Pygmalion karya George Bernard Shaw dalam sudut pandang feminis. Penelitian qualitatif ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Peneliti menganalisis data dengan menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan feminis. Analisis ini dipakai untuk menggambarkan kelas sosial dari tokoh wanita yang ada dalam kedua drama tersebut dan menganalisis perjuangan wanita untuk melawan ketidaksamaan hak. Berdasarkan hasil dari analisis data, ditemukan hasil bahwa: (1) ada beberapa kelas sosial yang terjadi dalam drama A Woman of No Importance Oscar Wilde and Pygmalion George Bernard Shaw dalam masa Victoria yang membawa penderitaan bagi orang miskin atau kelas social bawah; (2) tokoh utama wanita melakukan usaha – usaha perlawanan karena mereka melihat ketimpangan hak, peranan dan peran serta wanita dalam masyrakat untuk setara dengan laki – laki. (3) memberikan kesempatan pendidikan yang sama bagi kelas pekerja khususnya pada wanita yang akan membuat mereka mempunyai kesempatan untuk sejajar atau dengan kata lain tidak ada lagi perbedaan kelas sosial dan ketimpangan gender.
Kata kunci: kelas social, perlawanan, hak wanita persamaan
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the name of Allah, the Almighty and Merciful. Prase is only to Allah for all His abundant blessing, mercies, and guidance, so that the researcher is able to complete this thesis. He would also like to express his deep gratitudes to the following people: 1. Prof. Dr. Khudzaifah Dimyati, SH, M.Hum, The Director of Muhammadiyah Surakarta University, 2. Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M.Hum, the Head of Language Study Department, 3. Mrs. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed and Mr. Dr. Drs. Moch. Thoyibi, M.S, the advisors of this thesis, for their helpful and sincere guidance, understanding, patience, and friendship, 4. Mr. Sutrisno, S. Pd., M. Pd. (the former principal of SMP N 1 Pucakwangi), and Mr. Suhono, S. Pd., M. Pd. (the principal of SMP N 1 Pucakwangi) who give me a chance to continue my study at Muhammadiyah Surakarta University. 5. My beloved wife, Rina Andarwati, my daughters Ceril and Hana, for their support, encouragement, quiet patience, love and tolerance, 6. My mother, parents in law, brothers, sisters, and best friends who provided me with unending encouragement and support, Finally, the researcher requires constructive suggestions for the progress of the next study. He hopes this research will be advantageous for leading to more inspiring researches.
Surakarta, Budiyono Slamet
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TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .........................................................................................................
i
NOTE OF ADVISOR I ..............................................................................
ii
NOTE OF ADVISOR II ............................................................................
iii
ADVISOR APPROVED ............................................................................
iv
PRONOUNCEMENT ................................................................................
v
MOTTO .....................................................................................................
vi
DEDICATION ...........................................................................................
vii
ABSTRACT ...............................................................................................
viii
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................
ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .........................................................................
x
TABLE OF CONTENT .............................................................................
xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................
1
A. Background of Study ......................................................................
1
B. Problem Statement .........................................................................
8
C. Research Limitation .......................................................................
8
D. Objective of the Study ....................................................................
9
E. Benefit of the Study ........................................................................
9
F. Research Method ............................................................................
10
G. Thesis Organization .......................................................................
12
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ........................................................................
14
A. Previous Studies .............................................................................
14
B. Drama .............................................................................................
19
1. Tragedy ....................................................................................
20
2. Comedy ....................................................................................
22
C. Sociology of Literature ..................................................................
25
xi
D. Class Structure ...............................................................................
32
E. Social Class in Victorian Age ........................................................
36
F. Feminist Theory .............................................................................
38
G. Portrait of Women ..........................................................................
46
H. Theoretical Application ..................................................................
50
CHAPTER III THE BACKGROUND OF ENGLISH SOCIETY IN THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY ..............................................
51
A. English Literature of Victoria period .............................................
51
B. The Background of English Society ..............................................
55
C. Oscar Wilde’s Social Background ................................................
61
D. George Bernard Shaw’s Social Background ..................................
64
CHAPTER IV PORTRAIT OF WOMEN’S SOCIAL CLASS STRUCTURE IN OSCAR WILDE’S A WOMAN OF NO IMPORTANCE AND GEORGE BERNARD SHAW’S PYGMALION ...............................
66
A. The portrait of Women in Oscar Wilde’s A Woman Of No Importance and George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion .....................
66
1. Portrait of Working Class Women ...........................................
66
2. Portrait of Upper Class Women ................................................
79
B. Discussion ......................................................................................
90
CHAPTER V THE WOMEN’S STRUGGLE IN OSCAR WILDE’S A WOMAN OF NO IMPORTANCE AND GEORGE BERNARD SHAW’S PYGMALION ...............................
98
A. Feminist Perspective on Oscar Wilde’s A Woman Of No Importance and George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion .....................
99
1. Rebels Against Patriarchal System ..........................................
99
2. Women’s Position ....................................................................
102
xii
3. Women’s Role ..........................................................................
105
4. Women’s Participation .............................................................
109
5. Women’s Right ........................................................................
112
B. Discussion ......................................................................................
118
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ......................................................
125
A. Conclusion .....................................................................................
125
B. Pedagogical Implication .................................................................
129
C. Suggestion ......................................................................................
130
Bibliography Appendix
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