Peran sains dalam Pengurangan Risiko Rencana (dan tatakuasa kebumian) : 100 agenda riset 2012-2020 (Roles of science in disaster reduction: can we have clear 100 research questions (or agendas) for 2012-2020?)
Dr. Ing. Jonatan A. Lassa (NTU/IRGSC) PELATIHAN NASIONAL PENDIDIKAN PUBLIK DAN KESIAPSIAGAAN MASYARAKAT SCIENCE IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (SCIENCE IN DRR) - 5 DAYS CAMP 26-30 MARET 2012, PN9 2012
Anda bertanya anda menjawab • Apa yang anda ingin ketahui tentang ilmu kebencanaan di Indonesia? • Kalau anda diberi beasiswa S3, apa pertanyaan penelitian yg mau anda ajukan? • Bagaimana mengukur perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan kebencanaan di Indonesia?
Outlines • Latar depan: 100 research topics for DRR Science (human dimension) in Indonesia 2012-2012. • Latar belakang dan latar depan: Overview (sistim) produksi pengetahuan Indonesia 1950-2010. • Apa itu studi kebencanaan? • Mono, multi, inter dan transdisiplin kebencanaan • Bagaimana Pengetahuan Berkelana? Latihan metode jejaring. • Perencanaan sains kebencanaan dan tatakelolah kebumian – 100 Research Projects Agenda for Indonesia for 2012-2020?
Perbandingan produktifitas pengetahuan (KAM database 2012) GDP per Capita (in/nal current $ PPP), 2009 Government Online Service Index (1-7), 10 Human Development Index, 2010 2010 9 Availability of e-Government Services (1Royalty and License Fees Receipts (US$ 8 7), 2008 mil.), 2009 7 6
Intellectual Property Protection (1-7), 2010
Royalty Payments and receipts(US$/pop.) 2009
5 4 3
avg number of citations per S&E article, 2008
Science and Engineering Enrolment Ratio (%), 2009
2 1 0
S&E articles with foreign coauthorship (%), 2008
Science Enrolment Ratio (%), 2009
Firm-Level Technology Absorption (1-7), 2010
Total Expenditure for R&D as % of GDP, 2008
Patents Granted by USPTO / Mil. People, avg 2005-2009
University-Company Research Collaboration (1-7), 2010
Patents Granted by USPTO, avg 2005S&E Journal Articles, 2007 2009 S&E Journal Articles / Mil. People, 2007
Singapore
Malaysia
Indonesia
United States
Japan
Produktifitas Pengetahuan ttg Indonesia (Scopus.com database TITLE-ABS-KEY) 1800
# articles
1600
annual rate
1400
200% New Zealand 150%
trend in annual rate of knowledge production
1200
100%
Switzerland Thailand Singapore
1000 50% 800 600
0%
Canada Germany United Kingdom
400 -50% 200 0 1953
-100% 1963
1973
1983
1993
2003
Australia Indonesia 0
14000
1000
2000
3000
% Komposisi Produsen Pengetahuan Indonesia
12000 10000 8000
9598
Luar negeri
6000
Indonesia 28%
Indonesia
4000 3550
2932
2000 1049 0
4000
28 1950-69
1970-89
1990-99
2000-09
2010-11
Luar Negeri 72%
5000
Citable doc vs Percentage of collaborative documents (with more than one country) 16,000
90
14,000
80
12,000
70 60
10,000
50
8,000
40
6,000 30 4,000
20
2,000
10
0
0
Singapore
Malaysia
Thailand
Indonesia
Singapore Malaysia Thailand Indonesia 199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010
Source: D.Hardjito, data from www.scimagojr.com
Status Studi Bencana Indonesia Sejak Tahun 1930 - 2010 • Pra 1930an: Fondasi sejarah – dan hantu Krakatau • 1930-1945: interplay antara state security, kontrol politik – dan hantu Krakatau • 1946-1970an: Era ‘hantu’ perang dunia, perang dinging serta knowledge loss? • 1979-1990s: Era kerja sama: donor driven lewat multilateral cooperation • 1990-2005: Emerging risk governance era • Sejak 2007-2020: Era bangun fondasi awal Science DRR Indonesia – era jejaring kompleks • Era > 2020. Era kompleksitas dan misterius?
Kekuatan Alam versus Manusia
Apa itu bencana? www.trtturkmence.com
@LindaMN
1998
2005
Mr and Mrs Tomcat • SERANGAN HAMA: Tomcat Sempat Hebohkan DKI • Anak balita “di serang”; Nenek “di serang”; Staff president “di serang” • 44 puskesmas siaga; Terkonsentrasi okal • Modelling risiko Tomcat? Siapa yang mulai • Bgm dengan ulat bulu? Tomcat/Ulat Bulu as ‘risk object’ • quantikasi losses?
What is disaster risk reduction? Bila DRR diringkaskan/definisikan dalam 1 kata, apakah kata itu?
Skala Pengelolaan DRR
The frame of safety concept in (Proske’s catalog 2008)
Kepingan-kepingan Penelitian / Studi Kebencanaan Ilmu Air dan Atmosfir Climatology Hydraulics Hydrology Meteorology
Ilmu Bumi dan Lingkungan Ecology Geology (& Geomorphology) Geophysics (inc. Seismology) Ilmu Konstruksi/Teknik Vulcanology Architecture Civil engineering Geotechnical engineering Structural engineering Mechanical & electrical engineering Ancaman &
Information & Ilmu Komputer dan communication Risiko technology (ICT) Analisis Kuantitatif Bencana Computer technology Remote sensing Risk analysis (inc. risk identification, Epidemiology estimation, Nursing management & Nutrition communication) Pharmacology General medicine Surgery & emergency medicine Public health, hygiene Ilmu Kesehatan & epidemiology Veterinary sciences
Taken from Alexander 2007
Cartography Development studies Economics Geography, History Jurisprudence & legal stds Urban & regional planning Mass media studies Psychology Sociology
Ilmu Sosial dan Spasial
Types of DRR Research Disciplinary research
Multidisciplinary research
(solving disaster risk through single disciplinary approach)
(solving disaster risks through aggregation disciplinary approach)
Interdisciplinary research
Transdisiplinary research
(solving disaster risks through integration of more than two disciplinary subject)
(trandisciplinarity means: intedisciplinarity plus transformation oriented research)
Bagaimana Pengetahuan Berkelana?
Some Cross Learning in EWS
Picture:
[email protected], m.a.@Cindy Carpien, m.b@NPR, A. R. Royo, r.b@LK-STH21-2 model
DRR Science network
Egocentric network
How CBDRR knowledge travel in Indonesia
1980
1990
Source: Lassa 2010
2000
2005
2010
Struktur Jaringan Disaster Policy Making di Flores Timur
Community based EWS in Banyumas
End to end and people centred hazard warning chain framework
EWS Audit: Warning system as connecting dots (assumption)
EWS Audit: Warning system as connecting dots: reality
? Un-connected dots?
100 research topics for DRR Science in Indonesia 2012-2020 • Social-political construction of expert making in DRR in Indonesia (From Jogja Effect Theory to Modeling SBY expert making in DRR?) • Apa pertanyaan penelitian anda untuk Indonesia?
Refleksi • Menguji ulang pertanyaan: Bila anda di beri beasiswa S3 saat ini, apakah pertanyaan penelitian anda? • Bagaimana mengubah paradigma kebencanaan • Bagaimana mengubah budaya dan kelembagaan? • Bagaimana membangun sains kebencanaan dan tatakuasa sistim kebumian di Indonesia?
TRIMS Selamat Berkarya
