PENYUSUNAN NASKAH PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL “WORKSHOP STANDARDISASI PEDOMAN DAN MEKANISME PENYUSUNAN PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL”
Umbara Setiawan
Direktorat Perjanjian Ekonomi dan Sosial Budaya Direktorat Jenderal Hukum dan Perjanjian Internasional Kementerian Luar Negeri
OUTLINE PRESENTASI Pengertian perjanjian internasional Prosedur pembuatan perjanjian internasional Elemen-elemen perjanjian internasional
PENGERTIAN PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL
Pasal 2(1)(a) Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969 between States [1986 between States and International Organization]
“Treaty” means an international agreement concluded between States [International Organizations] in written form and governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and whatever its particular designation;
UU No. 24/2000 tentang Perjanjian Internasional (UU PI)
Pasal 1(1)
Perjanjian Internasional adalah perjanjian, dalam bentuk dan nama tertentu, yang diatur dalam hukum internasional yang dibuat secara tertulis serta menimbulkan hak dan kewajiban di bidang hukum publik.
Pasal 4(1)
Pemerintah RI membuat perjanjian internasional dengan satu negara atau lebih, organisasi internasional, atau subjek hukum internasional lain.
Perjanjian kesepakatan antara 2 (dua) pihak atau lebih – subyek hukum internasional. Dibentuk dalam bentuk dan nama tertentu. Tunduk pada ketentuan hukum internasional Dibuat secara tertulis Menimbulkan hak dan kewajiban di bidang hukum publik.
Terkait Pembuatan dan Pengesahan Perjanjian Internasional: a. Konsultasi “Lembaga Negara dan Lembaga Pemerintah, baik Departemen maupun Non-Departemen yang mempunyai rencana untuk membuat perjanjian internasional, terlebih dahulu melakukan konsultasi mengenai rencana tersebut dengan Menteri (Luar Negeri)”. (Pasal 13 UU PI).
b. Surat Kuasa (Full Powers) Pejabat Lembaga Pemerintah, baik Departemen ataupun Non-Departemen, yang akan menandatangani Perjanjian Internasional yang dibuat antara Pemri dengan Pemerintah negara lain, O.I atau subyek hukum internasional lainnya, harus mendapat surat kuasa dari Menteri Luar Negeri). (Pasal 14 UU PI).
Implikasi hukum Terhadap Kementerian/Lembaga Pemerintah/Instansi terkait Pembuatan dan Pengesahan Perjanjian Internasional (PI): Melakukan Konsultasi (Pasal 5 Ayat 1) Menetapkan Pedoman Delegasi RI (Pasal 5 ayat 2, 3, dan 4) Melaksanakan Tahapan PI (Pasal 6 ayat 1) Surat Kuasa (Pasal 7 ayat 1 dan 2) Surat Kepercayaan (Pasal 7 ayat 3 dan 4) Pengesahan PI(Pasal 9, 10, 11, 12) Pemberlakuan PI (Pasal 15, 16) Penyimpanan Naskah PI(Pasal 17, 18, 19, 20)
TAHAPAN PEMBUATAN PERJANJIAN Pasal 6 UU No. 24/2000 2. Penjajakan 3. Perundingan 4. Perumusan naskah perjanjian 5. Penerimaan 6. Penandatanganan
ELEMEN-ELEMEN PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL (1)
Judul Konsideransi/Preambule (Para pihak; Dasar filosofis; dan Rujukan, jika ada) Batang Tubuh (Objective; Areas of cooperation; Executing agency, bila diperlukan; Implementing arrangement; Financial Arrangement; Joint Working Group, jika diperlukan; Intellectual Property Rights; dan Limitation of Personnel, jika ada pertukaran) Penyelesaian Sengketa (Negotiation and/ consultation) Amandemen (Mutual written consent; Enter into force; dan Constitutes as an integral part)
ELEMEN-ELEMEN PERJANJIAN INTERNASIONAL (2)
Mulai Berlaku, Masa Berlaku, Pengakhiran (Upon Signing/ Exchange notes, berdasarkan kebutuhan; Automatically extended, extended through exchange of notes; At any time, 90 days prior notice, mutually agreed by the parties, not affect the ongoing projects until its completion) Ketentuan Penutup Penandatanganan Upaya Pembuatan Naskah dalam Bahasa Indonesia (UU No. 24 tahun 2009)
JUDUL MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF …………. FOR COOPERATION IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
PREAMBULE The Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government of the Republic of ……., hereinafter referred to as the “Parties”; Considering their mutual interest in promoting cooperation in the area of scientific research and technological development; Desiring to expand and to intensify mutually beneficial cooperation in the field scientific research and technological development Pursuant to the prevailing laws and regulations in their respective countries, as well as the procedures and policy of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Government of the Republic of ……………; Have reached an understanding as follows:
BATANG TUBUH Objective : The objective of this Memorandum of Understanding is to develop educational cooperation on the basis of equality, reciprocity and mutual benefit, and to promote relations and mutual understanding between the Parties. Areas of Cooperation : The Parties shall encourage and facilitate cooperation on the following areas: 1. Exchange of … 2. Training 3. etc Implementing Arrangement : The cooperation under this Memorandum of Understanding shall be implemented by concluding specific arrangements. Financial Arrangement : The implementation of the activities under this Memorandum of Understanding is subject to the availability of fund and personnel of the Parties. Etc.
PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA Any dispute arising out of the interpretation and/or implementation of this Memorandum of Understanding shall be settled amicably through negotiation or consultation
AMANDEMEN This Memorandum of Understanding may be reviewed and amended at any time, by mutual written consent of the Parties. Such revisions or amendment shall come into effect on such date as may be determined by the Parties and shall form an integral part of this Memorandum of Understanding
MULAI BERLAKU, MASA BERLAKU, PENGAKHIRAN
This Memorandum of Understanding shall enter into force on the date of its signing. This Memorandum of Understanding shall remain to have effect for a period of 3 (three) years and may be extended for the same period by mutual consent of the Parties through diplomatic channels, unless either Party notifies in writing of its intention to terminate this Memorandum of Understanding 6 (six) months in advance. The termination of this Memorandum of Understanding shall not affect the validity and duration of any arrangements, programs, activities or projects made under this Memorandum of Understanding until the completion of such arrangements, programs, activities or projects unless the Parties decided otherwise
KETENTUAN PENUTUP IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Undersigned, being duly authorized thereto by their respective Governments, have signed this Memorandum of Understanding
PENANDATANGANAN DONE in duplicate at ……….on the ….. day of ……….in the year two thousand and five in the Indonesian and English languages, both texts being equally authoritative. For the Government of Government the Republic of Indonesia of … Name
For the of the Republic
Name
Koordinasi dengan Kemlu selaku Koordinator penyelenggaraan Hubungan Luar Negeri. Memeriksa bersama-sama draft perjanjian dengan melibatkan K/I/L terkait lainnya guna memastikan 4 (empat) aman sekaligus memastikan tindak lanjut (implementasi). Melaksanakan perundingan dan/atau menyampaikan draft maupun counter draft. Mempersiapkan proses internal yang diperlukan. Apabila sudah disepakati oleh para pihak, draft perjanjian dapat ditandatangani untuk dilanjutkan dengan implementasi. Melaksanakan review / monitoring dan melaporkan ke K/I/ L terkait termasuk Kemlu. Memperpanjang atau mengakhiri perjanjian dengan berkoordinasi dengan K/I/L terkait dan Kemlu.
“Barang siapa ditugaskan pemerintah untuk berunding dengan suatu negara asing, dengan sengaja merugikan negara, diancam dengan pidana penjara paling lama 12 tahun.”
TERIMA KASIH Direktorat Perjanjian Ekonomi dan Sosial Budaya Direktorat Jenderal Hukum dan Perjanjian Internasional Kementerian Luar Negeri
Jl. Taman Pejambon No. 6 – Lantai 11 Jakarta Pusat – 10110 021 – 3858015, 3441505 (T) 021 – 352 – 3302 (F)
