Pembuatan 3D Virtual Reality : Virtual UNS Menggunakan Unity 3D Game Engine Berbasis Android
Tugas Akhir Untuk Memenuhi Sebagian Persyaratan Mencapai derajad Diploma III Program DIII Teknik Informatika
Diajukan oleh: Adam Firmansyah M3112003
PROGRAM DIPLOMA III TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA 2015
i
ii
iii
ABSTRACT Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology that combines the objects in threedimensional (3D) integrated with hearing and vision stereotypes that produces the effect as if the user is in a virtual environment. The introduction of the campus by incorporating the material into a VR environment can make the introduction of technologically more attractive as well as visual and media applications to date there has been no information about the campus UNS concept applying Virtual Reality in its development. Under these conditions, an application created 3D Virtual Reality: Virtual UNS using Unity 3D Game Engine based on Android. UNS Virtual is a virtual environment of the campus UNS which has buildings and places that will describe virtually into the application, including the main faculty building, the building's courtyard, as well as public places such as auditoriums, libraries, and parks. Using as Unity3D engine. Results of this research is the application of Virtual UNS shaped .apk file that have 27 MB of size which is run on an android device with minimum specifications: a quad-core processor 1.6 GHz, Adreno 305 GPU and 1GB of RAM and has a gyro sensor. 3D Virtual Reality: Virtual UNS is expected to create a visual overview of the UNS campus, so it can serve as a media introduction UNS campus and also as a means of interactive information. Keywords: Virtual Reality, Mobile, 3D, Unity3D, Android
iv
ABSTRAK Virtual Reality (VR) merupakan teknologi yang menggabungkan objek tiga dimensi (3D) dipadukan dengan pendengaran dan pengelihatan stereotip yang menghasilkan efek pengguna seakan sedang berada dalam lingkungan virtual. Pengenalan kampus dengan memasukkan materi kedalam sebuah lingkungan berteknologi VR dapat menjadikan pengenalan semakin menarik serta visual dan sampai saat ini aplikasi media informasi kampus UNS belum ada yang menerapkan konsesp Virtual Reality dalam pengembangannya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dibuat aplikasi 3D Virtual Reality : Virtual UNS menggunakan Unity 3D Game Engine berbasis Android. Virtual UNS merupakan lingkungan virtual dari kampus UNS yang memiliki gedung serta tempat-tempat yang akan di gambarkan secara virtual kedalam aplikasi, diantaranya gedung utama fakultas, gedung rektorat, serta tempat-tempat umum seperti auditorium, perpustakaan, dan taman. Menggunakan Unity3D sebagai engine. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa aplikasi Virtual UNS berbentuk file .apk berukuran 27 MB yang dijalankan pada perangkat android dengan spesifikasi minimal : prosesor quad-core 1.6 GHz, GPU Adreno 305 dan RAM 1GB serta memiliki sensor gyro.
3D Virtual Reality : Virtual UNS
diharapkan mampu menciptakan gambaran visual terhadap kampus UNS, sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai media perkenalan kampus UNS dan juga sebagai sarana informasi yang interaktif.
Kata Kunci: Virtual Reality, Mobile, 3D, Unity3D, Android
vi
HALAMAN MOTTO “Do it now, then starts doing another, you still have many things to achieve” -
Adam Firmansyah
“Never limit yourself, human is created to could learn anything” -
Adam Firmansyah
vi
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN
Karya ini dipersembahkan kepada : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Allah SWT. Nabi Muhhamad SAW. Bapak, Ibu, Saudara, serta Keluarga Besar. Dosen serta Karyawan D3 Teknik Informatika UNS Sahabat – sahabat seperjuangan D3 TI angkatan 2012.
vi
KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur ke hadirat Tuhan YME yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan barokahnya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir dengan judul “Pembuatan 3D Virtual Reality : Virtual UNS Menggunakan Unity 3D Game Engine Berbasis Android” .Laporan Tugas Akhir ini disusun untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat dalam memperoleh gelar Ahli Madya pada Program Studi Diploma III Teknik Informatika Universitas Sebelas Maret. Dalam melakukan penelitian dan penyusunan laporan Tugas Akhir ini penulis telah mendapatkan banyak dukungan dan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Penulis mengucapkan terima kasih yang tak terhingga kepada: 1. Bapak Ir. Ari Handono Ramelan, M.Si (Hons) Ph.d selaku Pimpinan Fakultas MIPA Universitas Sebelas Maret yang memberikan izin kepada penulis untuk belajar. 2. Bapak Drs Y Palgunadi, M.Sc selaku Ketua Program Studi Diploma III Teknik Informatika Universitas Sebelas Maret yang memberikan izin kepada penulis untuk belajar. 3. Bapak Agus Purnomo, S.Si selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah dengan penuh kesabaran dan ketulusan memberikan ilmu dan bimbingan terbaik kepada penulis. 4. Para Dosen Program Studi Diploma III Teknik Informatika Universitas Sebelas Maret yang telah memberikan bekal ilmu kepada penulis. 5. Para Karyawan/wati Program Studi Diploma III Teknik Informatika Universitas Sebelas Maret yang telah membantu penulis dalam proses belajar. 6. Serta Teman-Teman D3 Teknik Informatika yang telah membersamai dalam proses perkuliahan selama berada di D3 Teknik Informatika UNS
viii
Penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa laporan Tugas Akhir ini masih jauh dari sempurna. Untuk itu, semua jenis saran, kritik dan masukan yang bersifat membangun sangat penulis harapkan. Akhir kata, semoga tulisan ini dapat memberikan manfaat dan memberikan wawasan tambahan bagi para pembaca dan khususnya bagi penulis sendiri.
Surakarta, 11 Juni 2015 Penulis
ix
DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ................................................................................ ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN................................................................................ iii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... iv ABSTRAK ...............................................................................................................v HALAMAN MOTTO ........................................................................................... vi HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ........................................................................... vii KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... viii DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................x DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... xiii DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. xviii BAB I .......................................................................................................................1 PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................................1 1.1.
Latar Belakang ......................................................................................... 1
1.2.
Perumusan Masalah .................................................................................. 1
1.3.
Batasan Masalah Penelitian ...................................................................... 1
1.4.
Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 2
1.5.
Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 2
BAB II ......................................................................................................................3 LANDASAN TEORI ...............................................................................................3 2.1.
Teori Utama .............................................................................................. 3
2.1.1.
Virtual Reality/Realitas Maya ........................................................... 3
2.1.2.
Android ............................................................................................. 3
2.1.3.
Unity Game Engine ........................................................................... 4
2.2.
Teori Sekunder ......................................................................................... 4
x
2.2.1.
Animasi ............................................................................................. 4
2.2.2.
Audio ................................................................................................. 6
BAB III ....................................................................................................................7 ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN.......................................................................7 3.1.
Konsep Dasar Pengembangan Multimedia .............................................. 7
3.1.1.
Konsep Dasar Multimedia................................................................. 7
3.1.2.
Proposal ............................................................................................. 7
3.1.3.
Target Pengguna................................................................................ 8
3.1.4.
Dukungan Platform, Teknologi dan Multiplayer .............................. 8
3.2.
Manajemen Proyek Pengembangan Multimedia ...................................... 9
3.2.1.
Kebutuhan dan Peran / Tugas Tim Pengembang Multimedia .......... 9
3.2.2.
Perencanaan Jadwal .......................................................................... 9
3.2.3.
Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak dan Perangkat Keras dalam
Pengembangan Multimedia ........................................................................... 10 3.2.4.
Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak dan Perangkat Keras dalam
Implementasi Multimedia .............................................................................. 11 3.3.
Perancangan Multimedia ........................................................................ 11
3.3.1.
Perancangan Interaktif dan Story Board ........................................ 11
3.3.2.
Perancangan Antarmuka (Interface Design) ................................... 14
3.3.3.
Desain Grafis (Graphic Design) ...................................................... 14
3.3.4.
Audio dan Video ............................................................................. 14
3.3.5.
Perancangan Navigasi (Navigation Design) ................................... 14
3.3.6.
Konten Tekstual (Textual Content)................................................. 15
BAB IV ..................................................................................................................17 IMPLEMENTASI DAN EVALUASI ...................................................................17
xi
4.1.
Produksi .................................................................................................. 17
4.1.1.
Pembuatan Antarmuka (Interface Design) ...................................... 17
4.1.2.
Pembuatan Elemen 3-Dimensi ........................................................ 19
4.1.3.
Pembuatan Tekstur Object 3 Dimensi............................................. 25
4.1.4.
Pembuatan Audio dan Video .......................................................... 41
4.1.5.
Authoring dan Pemrograman (Authoring and Programming) ........ 41
4.2.
Implementasi .......................................................................................... 45
4.2.1.
Implementasi Interaktif (Interactive Design) .................................. 47
4.2.2.
Implementasi Antarmuka (Interface Design) .................................. 49
4.2.3.
Implementasi Elemen Grafis ........................................................... 51
4.2.4.
Implementasi Suara dan Musik ....................................................... 56
4.2.5.
Implementasi Navigasi (Navigation Design) .................................. 57
4.2.6.
Publikasi Aplikasi ........................................................................... 60
4.3.
Pengujian ................................................................................................ 62
4.3.1.
Pengujian Terhadap Perangkat ........................................................ 70
4.3.2.
Perbandingan terhadap Aplikasi VR Berbasis Android yang telah
ada dipasaran.................................................................................................. 71 BAB V....................................................................................................................74 PENUTUP ..............................................................................................................74 4.4.
Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 74
4.5.
Saran ....................................................................................................... 74
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................75
xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 3.3.1.1. Sketsa perancangan interaktif 1 ..................................................12 Gambar 3.3.1.2. Sketsa perancangan interaktif 2 ..................................................12 Gambar 3.3.1.3. Sketsa perancangan interaktif 3 ..................................................13 Gambar 3.3.1.4. Sketsa perancangan interaktif 4 ..................................................13 Gambar 3.3.1.5. Sketsa perancangan interaktif 5 ..................................................14 Gambar 3.3.5.1. Game Controller .........................................................................15 Gambar 4.1.1.1. Splash Indonesia Virtual Reality.................................................17 Gambar 4.1.1.2. Splash Logo lvgeek studio ..........................................................18 Gambar 4.1.1.3. Splash loading Virtual UNS ........................................................18 Gambar 4.1.1.4. Icon Aplikasi Virtual UNS ..........................................................19 Gambar 4.1.3.1. Gedung Pusat dr Prakosa Tampak Perspektif .............................19 Gambar 4.1.3.2. UNS Press Tampak Perspektif ....................................................20 Gambar 4.1.3.3. Perpustakaan Tampak Perspektif ................................................20 Gambar 4.1.3.4. Puskom Tampak Perspektif.........................................................21 Gambar 4.1.3.5. Lab MIPA PUSAT Tampak Perspektif.......................................21 Gambar 4.1.3.6. MIPA Gedung C Tampak Perspektif ..........................................22 Gambar 4.1.3.7. ilustrasi pembuatan file baru .......................................................22 Gambar 4.1.3.8. ilustrasi pembuatan segi empat ...................................................23 Gambar 4.1.3.9. ilustrasi pembuatan volume tiang................................................23 Gambar 4.1.3.10. ilustrasi pembuatan lingkaran ...................................................24 Gambar 4.1.3.11. ilustrasi pembuatan line pada lingkaran ....................................24 Gambar 4.1.3.12. ilustrasi pembuatan setengah lingkaran ....................................25 Gambar 4.1.3.13. ilustrasi penambahan detil dan tekstur ......................................25 Gambar 4.1.4.1. Tekstur Gedung Pusat dr Prakosa Dinding Samping ..................26
xiii
Gambar 4.1.4.2. Tekstur Gedung Pusat dr Prakosa Dinding Depan ......................26 Gambar 4.1.4.3. Tekstur Gedung Pusat dr Prakosa Jendela Depan .......................27 Gambar 4.1.4.4. Tekstur Gedung Pusat dr Prakosa Genteng .................................27 Gambar 4.1.4.5. Tekstur Gedung Pusat dr Prakosa Lantai ....................................27 Gambar 4.1.4.6. Tekstur UNS Press Lantai ...........................................................28 Gambar 4.1.4.7. Tekstur UNS Press Pintu.............................................................28 Gambar 4.1.4.8. Tekstur UNS Press Ventilasi .......................................................29 Gambar 4.1.4.9. Tekstur UNS Press Jendela .........................................................29 Gambar 4.1.4.10. Tekstur UNS Press Dinding ......................................................29 Gambar 4.1.4.11. Tekstur UNS Press Dinding ......................................................30 Gambar 4.1.4.12. Tekstur UNS Press Genteng......................................................30 Gambar 4.1.4.13. Tekstur Perpustakaan Dinding ..................................................31 Gambar 4.1.4.14. Tekstur Perpustakaan Jendela ...................................................31 Gambar 4.1.4.15. Tekstur Perpustakaan Pintu .......................................................31 Gambar 4.1.4.16. Tekstur Perpustakaan Ventilasi .................................................32 Gambar 4.1.4.17. Tekstur Perpustakaan Jendela ...................................................32 Gambar 4.1.4.18. Tekstur Perpustakaan Genteng ..................................................32 Gambar 4.1.4.19. Tekstur Perpustakaan Lantai .....................................................33 Gambar 4.1.4.10. Tekstur Perpustakaan Dinding ..................................................33 Gambar 4.1.4.11. Tekstur Puskom Lantai .............................................................34 Gambar 4.1.4.12. Tekstur Puskom Tangga ............................................................34 Gambar 4.1.4.13. Tekstur Puskom Dinding...........................................................34 Gambar 4.1.4.14. Tekstur Puskom Jendela ............................................................35 Gambar 4.1.4.15. Tekstur Puskom Genteng ..........................................................35 Gambar 4.1.4.16. Tekstur Puskom Lantai .............................................................35
xiv
Gambar 4.1.4.17. Tekstur Puskom Dinding...........................................................36 Gambar 4.1.4.18. Tekstur MIPA PUSAT Genteng ...............................................36 Gambar 4.1.4.19. Tekstur MIPA PUSAT Lantai ...................................................37 Gambar 4.1.4.20. Tekstur MIPA PUSAT Dinding ................................................37 Gambar 4.1.4.21. Tekstur MIPA PUSAT Lantai ...................................................37 Gambar 4.1.4.22. Tekstur MIPA PUSAT Dinding ................................................38 Gambar 4.1.4.23. Tekstur MIPA PUSAT Dinding ................................................38 Gambar 4.1.4.24. Tekstur MIPA PUSAT Pintu ....................................................39 Gambar 4.1.4.25. Tekstur MIPA Gedung C Lantai ...............................................39 Gambar 4.1.4.26. Tekstur MIPA Gedung C Tiang ................................................40 Gambar 4.1.4.27. Tekstur MIPA Gedung C Dinding ............................................40 Gambar 4.1.4.28. Tekstur MIPA Gedung C Dinding ............................................40 Gambar 4.1.4.29. Tekstur MIPA Gedung C Dinding ............................................41 Gambar 4.1.4.30. Tekstur MIPA Gedung C Genteng ............................................41 Gambar 4.2.1. New Project ....................................................................................46 Gambar 4.2.2. Import New Asset… ......................................................................46 Gambar 4.2.3. Hierarki Assets ...............................................................................47 Gambar 4.3.1.1. Implementasi interaktif First Person Perspective ........................48 Gambar 4.3.1.2. Implementasi Interaktif 360 ........................................................48 Gambar 4.3.1.4. Implementasi Stereoscopic Image...............................................49 Gambar 4.2.2.1. Splash Indonesia Virtual Reality.................................................49 Gambar 4.2.2.2. Splash Logo lvgeek studio ..........................................................50 Gambar 4.2.2.3. Splash loading Virtual UNS ........................................................50 Gambar 4.2.2.4. Icon Aplikasi Virtual UNS ..........................................................51 Gambar 4.2.3.1. Implementasi Sculpting Terrain tampak atas ..............................51
xv
Gambar 4.2.3.2. Implementasi Sculpting Terrain tampak perspektif 1 .................52 Gambar 4.2.3.3. Implementasi Sculpting Terrain tampak perspektif 2 ................52 Gambar 4.2.3.4. Implementasi Jalan Utama dan Pedestrian 1 ...............................53 Gambar 4.2.3.5. Implementasi Jalan Utama dan Pedestrian 2 ...............................53 Gambar 4.2.3.5. Implementasi pohon dan danau ...................................................54 Gambar 4.2.3.6. Implementasi pohon pada jalan ...................................................54 Gambar 4.2.3.7. Implementasi tempat parkir dan danau .......................................54 Gambar 4.2.3.8. Implementasi Gedung Pusat dr Prakosa ......................................55 Gambar 4.2.3.9. Implementasi Gedung Perpustakaan ...........................................55 Gambar 4.2.3.10. Implementasi Gedung Puskom .................................................56 Gambar 4.2.3.11. Implementasi Gedung Lab MIPA Pusat ...................................56 Gambar 4.2.3.12. Implementasi Gedung C FMIPA ..............................................56 Gambar 4.2.6.1. Build Settings ..............................................................................60 Gambar 4.2.6.2. Player Settings .............................................................................61 Gambar 4.2.6.1. Aplikasi Virtual UNS berbentuk APK ........................................61 Gambar 4.3.1. Smartphone dengan gyro sensor ....................................................62 Gambar 4.3.2. Headset Virtual Reality ..................................................................62 Gambar 4.3.3. Wireless Game Controller ..............................................................63 Gambar 4.3.4. Aplikasi Virtual UNS telah terpasang ............................................63 Gambar 4.3.4. Logo Unity .....................................................................................64 Gambar 4.3.5. Logo Indonesia Virtual Reality ......................................................64 Gambar 4.3.6. Logo lvgeek studio .........................................................................65 Gambar 4.3.7. Loading bar Virtual UNS ...............................................................65 Gambar 4.3.8. Konten Virtual UNS .......................................................................66 Gambar 4.3.9. Navigasi maju.................................................................................66
xvi
Gambar 4.3.10. Navigasi mundur ..........................................................................66 Gambar 4.3.11. Navigasi samping kanan ..............................................................67 Gambar 4.3.12. Navigasi samping kiri ..................................................................67 Gambar 4.3.13. Navigasi melompat.......................................................................67 Gambar 4.3.14. Ilustrasi pandangan awal ..............................................................68 Gambar 4.3.15. Ilustrasi menoleh ke atas ..............................................................68 Gambar 4.3.16. Ilustrasi menoleh ke bawah ..........................................................68 Gambar 4.3.17. Ilustrasi menoleh ke samping kanan ............................................69 Gambar 4.3.18. Ilustrasi menoleh ke samping kiri ................................................69
xvii
DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 3.3.5.1. Mapping Controller .......................................................................15 Tabel 3.3.6.1. Konten Tekstual .............................................................................16 Tabel 4.3.1. Pengujian terhadap perangkat lain ....................................................70 Tabel 4.3.2. Perbandingan Virtual UNS dengan aplikasi VR lain ........................72
xviii
