PEDOMAN PENGGUNAAN SKRIPSI

PEDOMAN PENGGUNAAN SKRIPSI

Skripsi Arsitektur yang tidak dipublikasikan ini, terdaftar dan tersedia di Perpustakaan Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, dan terbuka untuk umum dengan ketentuan bahwa hak cipta ada pada pengarang dengan mengikuti aturan HakI dan tata cara yang berlaku di lingkungan Universitas Katolik Parahyangan. Referensi kepustakaan diperkenankan dicatat, tetapi pengutipan atau peringkasan hanya dapat dilakukan seizin pengarang dan harus disertai dengan kebiasaan ilmiah untuk menyebutkan sumbernya. Memperbanyak atau menerbitkan sebagian atau seluruh skripsi haruslah seijin Rektor Universitas Katolik Parahyangan.

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UCAPAN TERIMAKASIH

Penulis sangat berterimakasih kepada Dr. Rahadhian Prajudi Herwindo, ST., MT., sebagai pembimbing atas segala saran, bimbingan, dan nasehatnya selama penelitian berlangsung dan selama penulisan skripsi ini. Penulis juga berterima kasih atas masukan-masukan yang sangat berharga dari para dosen penguji Dr. Ir. Harastoeti Dibjo Hartono, MSA. dan Ir. C. Sudianto Aly, MT. Terima kasih yang tidak terhingga juga disampaikan atas seluruh bantuan, kritik, dan saran-saran yang diberikan kepada Penulis dari awal hingga akhir penelitian ini kepada:  Kedua orang tua, Ir. Andi Syamsuddin dan Syarifah Hasanah, SH, adik saya Bukhari Syamsuddin, dan Ua saya Syubah Syarief, SH yang tak henti-hentinya memberikan dukungan, semangat dan doa dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini. Semoga penulis dapat membahagiakan mereka di masa mendatang.  Pihak Sekretariat Istana Kepresidenan Bogor: -

Drs. Samadi,M.si selaku Kepala Sekretariat Istana Kepresidenan Bogor.

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Apandi,S.H selaku Kasubbid bangunan.

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Drs. Kutut Sumady, MM selaku Kasubbid Perlengkapan.

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Endang Sumitra,S.H selaku Kasubbag Rumah Tangga dan Protokol

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Sumarno,S.Sos selaku Kasubbag Tata Usaha.

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Herman Supriadi,S.T selaku Perencana dan Pengawas Bangunan.

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Linda Hernawati selaku Staf Bagian Persuratan.

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Bagian Keamanan dan Perijinan.

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Serta seluruh pihak yang memungkinkan penulis untuk bisa meneliti Istana Kepresidenan Bogor, mendapatkan gambar kerja, foto interior luar dan dalam dan

bersedia membantu penulis dalam proses pengumpulan data dan

wawancara.  Teman sekelompok skripsi 32: Dian Lazuardi, Ardian Fernata, Riyan F.S, Natania A, Ivy Hestia, Alicia K, dan Danna Rasyad yang sudah berjuang bersama pada skripsi ini. 

Sahabat penulis: Nadia Indah, Atika Meirani, Mariska T.M, Febrian Anugrah Putra, terimakasih atas dukungan dan kebersamaan dalam suka maupun duka selama ini.

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

Seluruh teman ARS 08, dan seluruh masyarakat Arsitektur Unpar.



Dan kepada pihak-pihak lain yang tidak bisa penulis sebutkan satu persatu, terima kasih banyak.

Penulis menyadari dalam penulisan skripsi ini masih ada kekurangan, namun penulis senantiasa berusaha untuk memberikan hasil yang terbaik. Oleh karena itu penulis sangat mengharapkan saran dan kritik yang membangun sehingga di lain waktu dapat berusaha untuk menghasilkan karya yang lebih baik dari sebelumnya. Akhir kata, penulis berharap agar skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat dan perkembangan Arsitektur di Indonesia.

Bandung, Mei 2012,

Penulis

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DAFTAR ISI Halaman Judul Halaman Pernyataan Keaslian Tulisan Skripsi Halaman Pengesahan Abstrak ................................................................................................................................... i Abstract .................................................................................................................................. ii Pedoman Penggunaan Skripsi ............................................................................................... iii Ucapan Terimakasih .............................................................................................................. iv Daftar Isi ................................................................................................................................ vi Daftar Gambar ........................................................................................................................ x Daftar Diagram ................................................................................................................... xv Daftar Tabel ........................................................................................................................ xvi Daftar Lampiran ................................................................................................................. xvii Bab I. Pendahuluan ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Latar belakang.................................................................................................................. 1 1.2. Perumusan Masalah ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3. Pertanyaan Penelitian ....................................................................................................... 2 1.4. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................ 3 1.5. Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ................................................................................................ 3 1.6. Metoda Studi .................................................................................................................... 4 1.7. Kerangka Penelitian ........................................................................................................ 5 1.8. Sistematika Penulisan ...................................................................................................... 6 Bab II. Kajian Pustaka ........................................................................................................... 8 2.1. Istana-Istana Kepresidenan di Indonesia .......................................................................... 4 2.2.1. Istana Merdeka .................................................................................................... 7 2.2.2. Istana Negara....................................................................................................... 9 2.2.3. Istana Cipanas ................................................................................................... 11 2.2.4. Istana Yogyakarta.............................................................................................. 13

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2.2.5. Istana Tampak Siring ........................................................................................ 15 2.2. Langgam Arsitektur Palladian ....................................................................................... 17 2.2.1. Pengertian Arsitektur Palladian ......................................................................... 17 2.2.2. Prinsip Arsitektur Palladian ............................................................................... 18 2.2.3. Renaissance dan Andrea Palladio ..................................................................... 20 2.2.4. Perkembangan Arsitektur Palladian .................................................................. 21 2.2.5. Karya Arsitektur Andrea Palladio ..................................................................... 23 2.3. Ragam Hias Bangunan Dalam Arsitektur Palladian ....................................................... 21 2.3.1. Kepala Bangunan .............................................................................................. 25 2.3.2. Badan Bangunan ............................................................................................... 26 2.3.3. Kaki Bangunan ................................................................................................. 26 2.3.4. Ornamen Khas Bangunan ................................................................................. 27 2.3.2. Badan Bangunan ............................................................................................... 26 2.3.3. Kaki Bangunan ................................................................................................. 26 2.4. Unsur-Unsur Arsitektur Palladian .................................................................................. 27 2.5. Karakter Penting Arsitektur Palladian ............................................................................ 34 BAB III. Objek Studi ........................................................................................................... 31 3.1. Karakteristik Kawasan Istana Kepresidenan Bogor dan

Sekitarnya ............................ 37

3.1.1. Kebun Raya Bogor............................................................................................ 37 3.1.2. Gereja Zebaoth .................................................................................................. 38 3.1.3. Rumah Sakit Umum Palang Merah Indonesia .................................................. 38 3.1.4. Hotel Salak ....................................................................................................... 39 3.2. Sejarah Perkembangan Istana Kepresidenan Bogor ....................................................... 40 3.3. Istana Kepresidenan Bogor ............................................................................................ 28 3.3.1. Data Bangunan .................................................................................................. 43 3.3.2. Lokasi, Pencapaian dan Sirkulasi Gedung Istana Kepresidenan Bogor.......................................................................................... 44 3.3.3. Karakteristik Lingkungan Sekitar Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. ......................... 45

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3.3.4. Bentuk Massa pada Bangunan ......................................................................... 46 BAB IV. Analisis Penerapan Langgam Arsitektur Palladian Pada Istana Kepresidenan Bogor .................................................................................................................................... 47 4.1. Tatanan Masa Pada Bangunan ....................................................................................... 47 4.1.1. Orientasi Masa Bangunan ................................................................................. 47 4.1.2. Penataan Lansekap Bangunan ........................................................................... 48 4.1.3. Sirkulasi Bangunan. .......................................................................................... 49 4.1.4. Bentuk Massa pada Bangunan ......................................................................... 50 4.2. Tatanan Ruang Dalam Bangunan ................................................................................... 51 4.2.1. Ruang pada Zona Publik ................................................................................... 52 4.2.2. Ruang pada Zona Semi Privat ........................................................................... 53 4.2.3. Ruang pada Zona Privat. ................................................................................... 54 4.2.4. Ruang pada Zona Penghubung dan Serambi. .................................................... 55 4.2.5. Ruang pada Zona Servis ................................................................................... 56 4.3. Tampak Bangunan ........................................................................................................ 59 4.4. Elemen dan Ornamen Pada Bangunan ........................................................................... 60 4.4.1. Kepala Bangunan .............................................................................................. 61 4.4.2. Badan Bangunan ............................................................................................... 67 4.2.3. Kaki Bangunan. ................................................................................................ 73 4.5. Sistem Konstruksi .......................................................................................................... 78 4.5.1. Atap .................................................................................................................. 78 4.5.2.Kolom Struktur .................................................................................................. 79 4.5.3. Dinding Pemikul. .............................................................................................. 80 4.5.4. Pondasi.............................................................................................................. 81 4.6. Material Khas Bangunan ................................................................................................ 82 4.6.1. Atap .................................................................................................................. 82 4.6.2.Plafon................................................................................................................. 83 4.6.3. Entablature, Pediment, dan Tympanum. ........................................................... 84 4.6.4. Dinding. ............................................................................................................ 85

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4.6.5. Penutup lantai. .................................................................................................. 86 BAB IV. Penutup ................................................................................................................. 95 5.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................................................... 95 5.2. Saran ............................................................................................................................. 98 Glosarium ............................................................................................................................. 99 Daftar Pustaka ..................................................................................................................... 100 Lampiran ............................................................................................................................. 101

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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1.1. Bagian Sayap Utama Istana Kepresidenan Bogor ............................................ 3 Gambar 1.2. Bagian Sayap Kanan dan Sayap Kiri Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. .................... 3 Gambar 2.1. Istana Merdeka Masa Lalu dan Masa Kini .................................................... 7 Gambar 2.2

Ruang Bendera Pusaka(kiri) dan Ruang Resepsi(kanan) ................................. 8

Gambar 2.3. Ruang Bendera Pusaka(kiri) dan Ruang Resepsi(kanan). ................................ 8 Gambar 2.4

Ruang Terima Tamu(kiri) dan Ruang Kredensial(kanan) ................................ 9

Gambar 2.5. Istana Negara Masa Lalu ................................................................................. 9 Gambar 2.6. Istana Negara Masa Kini .................................................................................. 9 Gambar 2.7

Ruang Tamu Istana Negara ........................................................................... 10

Gambar 2.8.

Ruang Perjamuan(kiri) dan Ruang Upacara(kanan) Istana Negara ............... 10

Gambar 2.9. Istana Cipanas Masa Lalu .............................................................................. 11 Gambar 2.10 Istana Cipanas Masa Kini. ............................................................................. 11 Gambar 2.11 Ornamen Eksterior dan Interior Istana Cipanas ............................................. 12 Gambar 2.12 Area Eksterior dan Interior Istana Cipanas .................................................. 12 Gambar 2.13. Istana Yogyakarta Masa Lalu . ...................................................................... 13 Gambar 2.14

Istana Yogyakarta Masa Kini ....................................................................... 13

Gambar 2.15. Ruang Garuda(Kiri) Ruang Makan(Kanan) Istana Yogyakarta ...................... 14 Gambar 2.16 Teras Depan(Kiri) Ruang Diponegoro(Kanan) Istana Yogyakarta. ................ 14 Gambar 2.17 Pintu Gerbang (Kiri) Area Eksterior(Kanan) Istana Tampak Siring. ............. 15 Gambar 2.18 Interior Wisma Merdeka dan Wisma negara Istana Tampak Siring ............... 16 Gambar 2.19 Interior Wisma Yudistira dan Interior Pendopo Wantilan Istana .................. 16 Gambar 2.20 Villa dengan beranda superimpos .................................................................. 17 Gambar 2.21 Knobelsdorff 's rumah opera.......................................................................... 17 Gambar 2.22 Villa Godi ...................................................................................................... 18 Gambar 2.23

Denah dan Potongan Vila Rotonda.. ............................................................. 20

Gambar 2.24

Villa Capra La Rotonda. ............................................................................... 20

Gambar 2.25 . Istana Ratu ..................................................................................................... 21

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Gambar 2.26 Vila Cornaro. ................................................................................................. 23 Gambar 2.27 Barbaro. ......................................................................................................... 23 Gambar 2.28 Vila Emo ....................................................................................................... 24 Gambar 2.29 La Malcontenta .............................................................................................. 24 Gambar 2.30 Villa Rotonda ................................................................................................ 25 Gambar 2.31 Pediment dan entablature .............................................................................. 25 Gambar 2.32 Order Ionik .................................................................................................... 26 Gambar 2.33

Kaki Kolom Ionik ......................................................................................... 26

Gambar 2.34

Jendela Palladian Akhir ................................................................................ 27

Gambar 2.25 . Lengkungan Palladian ................................................................................... 27 Gambar 3.1

Kebun Raya Bogor .................................................................................. 37

Gambar 3.2

Gereja Zebaoth .............................................................................................. 38

Gambar 3.3

Rumah Sakit PMI Bogor ............................................................................... 38

Gambar 3.4

Hotel salak .................................................................................................... 39

Gambar 3.5

Denah Istana Buitenzorg ............................................................................... 40

Gambar 3.6

Transformasi Istana Bogor ............................................................................ 42

Gambar 3.7

Istana Kepresidenan Bogor 2012 ................................................................... 43

Gambar 3.8

Pencapaian dan Sirkulasi Luar Pada Istana Kepresidenan Bogor .................. 44

Gambar 3.9

Rencana Tapak Seluruh Kompleks Istana Bogor.......................................... 45

Gambar 3.10

Kawasan Istana Bogor ................................................................................. 45

Gambar 3.11

3d Istana Bogor Dari Belakang..................................................................... 46

Gambar 3.12

Isometri Istana Bogor .................................................................................. 46

Gambar 4.1. Rencana Blok Istana Kepresidenan Bogor .................................................. 47 Gambar 4.2

Rencana Blok Villa Palladian ........................................................................ 47

Gambar 4.3. Rencana Blok Istana Bogor ............................................................................ 48 Gambar 4.4

Penataan Lansekap Vila Palladian ................................................................. 48

Gambar 4.5. Rencana Blok Istana Bogor ............................................................................ 49 Gambar 4.6. Rencana Blok Vila Palladian .......................................................................... 49

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Gambar 4.7

Bentuk Masa Istana Bogor ............................................................................ 47

Gambar 4.8.

Bentuk Masa Vila Palladian .......................................................................... 47

Gambar 4.9. Denah Bangunan Utama Istana Bogor ............................................................ 51 Gambar 4.10 Denah Villa Palladian. ................................................................................... 51 Gambar 4.11 Denah Bangunan Utama Istana Bogor ........................................................... 52 Gambar 4.12 Denah dan Perletakkan Zona Publik Bangunan Vila Palladian ..................... 52 Gambar 4.13. Ruang Zona Semi Privat Pada Istana Kepresidenan Bogor.. ........................ 53 Gambar 4.14

Ruang Zona Semi Privat Pada Vila Palladian. .............................................. 53

Gambar 4.15. Ruang Pada Zona Privat Istana Bogor ............................................................ 54 Gambar 4.16 Ruang Pada Zona Privat Vila Palladian. ......................................................... 54 Gambar 4.17 Ruang Pada Zona Penghubung dan Serambi Istana Bogor. ........................... 55 Gambar 4.18 Ruang Pada Zona Penghubung dan Serambi Vila Palladian .......................... 55 Gambar 4.19 Ruang Pada Zona Servis Istana Bogor........................................................... 56 Gambar 4.20 Ruang Pada Zona Servis Istana Bogor........................................................... 56 Gambar 4.21 Potongan Istana Bogor .................................................................................. 58 Gambar 4.22 Potongan Vila Palladian ................................................................................ 58 Gambar 4.23

Tampak Bangunan Istana Bogor, Tampak Utara dan Tampak Selatan ......... 59

Gambar 4.24

Tampak Bangunan Villa Palladian Villa Capra La Rotonda......................... 59

Gambar 4.25 . Isometri Elemen Bangunan Vila Palladian .................................................... 60 Gambar 4.26 . Isometri Elemen Bangunan Vila Palladian. ................................................... 60 Gambar 4.27 Rencana Blok dan Potongan Istana Bogor. .................................................... 61 Gambar 4.28 Rencana Blok dan Potongan Villa Palladian ................................................. 61 Gambar 4.29 Detail Dome Istana ........................................................................................ 62 Gambar 4.30 Foto Dome Istana Bogor ............................................................................... 62 Gambar 4.31 Struktur Atap Vila Palladian .......................................................................... 62 Gambar 4.32 Struktur Atap Vila Rotonda ........................................................................... 62 Gambar 4.33

Detail Entablature Istana Bogor. .................................................................. 63

Gambar 4.34

Detail Entablature Vila Palladian ................................................................. 63

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Gambar 4.35

Detail Entablature Vila Barbaro ................................................................... 63

Gambar 4.36 Letak Pedimen Istana Bogor. ......................................................................... 64 Gambar 4.37 Pedimen Istana Bogor.................................................................................... 64 Gambar 4.38

Letak Pedimen Vila Palladian ..................................................................... 64

Gambar 4.39

Detail Pedimen Vila Barbaro ....................................................................... 64

Gambar 4.40

Letak Timpanum Istana Bogor ..................................................................... 65

Gambar 4.41 Letak Timpanum Vila Palladian. ................................................................... 65 Gambar 4.42 Plafon Ruang Garuda Istana Bogor ............................................................... 66 Gambar 4.43

Plafon Ruang Teratai Istana Bogor. .............................................................. 66

Gambar 4.44

Plafon Ruang Utama Vila Emo .................................................................... 66

Gambar 4.45 . Kolom Ionik Istana Bogor. ............................................................................ 67 Gambar 4.46 Kolom Ionik Vila Palladian. .......................................................................... 67 Gambar 4.47 Kolom Korintian Istana Bogor. ..................................................................... 68 Gambar 4.48

Kolom Korintian Vila Palladian .................................................................. 68

Gambar 4.49

Kolom Tuscan Istana Bogor ........................................................................ 69

Gambar 4.50

Kolom Persegi dan Entablament Vila Palladian ........................................... 69

Gambar 4.51

Dinding Pemikul Istana Bogor ..................................................................... 70

Gambar 4.52

Dinding Pemikul Vila ................................................................................... 70

Gambar 4.53

Detail Pintu Istana Bogor ............................................................................. 71

Gambar 4.54

Foto Pintu Istana Bogor. ............................................................................... 71

Gambar 4.55 . Jenis Pintu Pada Vila Palladian...................................................................... 71 Gambar 4.56 . Detail Jendela Istana Bogor ........................................................................... 72 Gambar 4.57 Jendela Vila Istana Bogor. ............................................................................. 72 Gambar 4.58 Jendela Vila Palladian ................................................................................... 72 Gambar 4.59 Kaki Bangunan Istana Bogor.. ....................................................................... 73 Gambar 4.60

Kaki Bangunan Vila Palladian...................................................................... 73

Gambar 4.61

Tangga Eksterior Istana Bogor ..................................................................... 74

Gambar 4.62

Tangga Eksterior Vila Palladian ................................................................... 74

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Gambar 4.63. Perbandingan Pedestal Istana Bogor. ............................................................ 75 Gambar 4.64

Perbandingan Pedestal Vila Palladian. ........................................................ 75

Gambar 4.65. Stylobate Istana Bogor ................................................................................. 76 Gambar 4.66. Stylobate Vila Palladian ............................................................................... 76 Gambar 4.67

Plat Lantai dan Pola Lantai Istana Bogor..................................................... 77

Gambar 4.68. Plat Lantai dan Pola Lantai Vila Palladian .................................................. 77 Gambar 4.69. Detail Atap Istana Bogor .............................................................................. 78 Gambar 4.70 Konstruksi Atap............................................................................................. 78 Gambar 4.71 Konstruksi Atap Vila Palladian ..................................................................... 78 Gambar 4.72 Kolom Struktur Ionikdan Kolom Korintian Istana Bogor. ............................. 79 Gambar 4.73. Kolom Ionik(atas) dan Kolom Persegi dengan Entablament.. ....................... 79 Gambar 4.74

Dinding Pemikul Istana Bogor ..................................................................... 80

Gambar 4.75. Dinding Pemikul Vila Palladian ..................................................................... 80 Gambar 4.76 Perletakan Pondasi,Dinding Penahan Tanah dan Isometri Kaki Bangunan Istana Bogor .................................................................................................. 81 Gambar 4.77. Perletakan Pondasi &DPT dan Kaki Bangunan Vila Palladian. .................. 81 Gambar 4.78 Penutup Atap Genting Istana Bogor ............................................................. 82 Gambar 4.79 Material Rangka Atap Istana Bogor .............................................................. 82 Gambar 4.80 Penutup Atap Genting Istana Bogor ............................................................. 82 Gambar 4.81 Material Rangka Atap Istana Bogor .............................................................. 82 Gambar 4.82 Material Plafon Istana Bogor ......................................................................... 83 Gambar 4.83

Material Plafon Villa Palladian .................................................................... 83

Gambar 4.84

Material Entablature, Pediment Dan Tympanium Istana Bogor. .................. 84

Gambar 4.85. Material Plafon Villa Palladian ...................................................................... 84 Gambar 4.86 Dinding Pemikul Istana Bogor. ...................................................................... 85 Gambar 4.87 Dinding Pemikul Vila Palladian. ................................................................... 85 Gambar 4.88 Penutup Lantai Istana Bogor ......................................................................... 86 Gambar 4.89 Penutup Lantai Vila Palladian ....................................................................... 86

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DAFTAR DIAGRAM Diagram 1.1 Kerangka Penelitian ......................................................................................... 5

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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 2.1. Perbandingan Unsur-Unsur Arsitektur Istana Bogor dan Villa Palladian. ............ 28 Tabel 4.1. Perbandingan Zoning Istana Bogor dan Vila Palladian. ....................................... 57 Tabel 4.2. Kesesuaianan Penerapan Langgam Arsitektur Palladian Pada Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. ............................................................................................ 87

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1. Rencana Tapak Seluruh Kompleks Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. ................ 101 Lampiran 2

Rencana Tapak Area Utama Istana Kepresidenan Bogor ............................ 101

Lampiran 3. Denah Bangunan Utama Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. .................................. 102 Lampiran 4. Denah Bangunan Utama Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. ................................... 102 Lampiran 5. Denah Atap Bangunan Utama Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. ........................... 103 Lampiran 6. Denah Plafon Sayap Utama, Sayap Kanan dan Kiri Istana Kepresidenan Bogor .................................................................................................................................. 103 Lampiran 7. Tampak Utara Istana Kepresidenan Bogor ..................................................... 104 Lampiran 8. Tampak Selatan Istana Kepresidenan Bogor................................................... 104 Lampiran 9. Tampak Timur Istana Kepresidenan Bogor .................................................... 104 Lampiran 10. Tampak Barat Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. ................................................... 104 Lampiran 11. Denah Kunci Potongan Istana Kepresidenan Bogor .................................... 105 Lampiran.12 Potongan A-A Istana Kepresidenan Bogor. ................................................. 105 Lampiran.13. Potongan B-B Istana Kepresidenan Bogor.. ................................................. 105 Lampiran 14. Detail dan Potongan Dome ........................................................................... 106 Lampiran 15. Detail Entablature ........................................................................................ 106 Lampiran 15.1. Detail Atap dan Plafon. .............................................................................. 106 Lampiran 15.2. Detail Sambungan ...................................................................................... 106 Lampiran 16.1.Detail Salah Satu Pintu Istana Bogor .......................................................... 107 Lampiran 16.2 Detail Salah Satu Jendela Istana Bogor. ...................................................... 107 Lampiran 17. Detail Kusen Istana Bogor ............................................................................ 107 Lampiran 18. Bagian Selatan Istana Bogor ......................................................................... 108 Lampiran 19. Bagian Utara Istana Bogor ............................................................................ 108 Lampiran 20. Area Semi Privat Istana Bogor...................................................................... 108 Lampiran 21. Area Privat Istana Bogor. .............................................................................. 108 Lampiran 22. Rencana Blok Vila Palladian... ..................................................................... 108 Lampiran 23. Denah Vila Palladian. ................................................................................... 109

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Lampiran 24 Tampak Depan Vila Palladian ....................................................................... 109 Lampiran 25. Potongan Vila Palladian................................................................................ 109 Lampiran 26. Isometri Elemen dan Badan Bangunan Vila Palladian .................................. 110 Lampiran 27. 3 Dimensi Pitnu, Jendela Palladian, dan Kolom Ionik.. ................................ 110 Lampiran 28. Konstruksi Atap dan Pondasi Vila Palladian ................................................ 110 Lampiran 29. Selasar dan Tangga Vila Palladian. ............................................................... 110 Lampiran 30. Hasil Wawancara. ......................................................................................... 111

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