1 WAP The Wireless Application Protocol Muhammad Zen S. Hadi, ST. MSc.2 Contents Pengertian WAP Conventional Web Access Wireless Web Access dengan WAP...
WAP The Wireless Application Protocol Muhammad Zen S. Hadi, ST. MSc.
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Contents •
Pengertian WAP
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Conventional Web Access
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Wireless Web Access dengan WAP
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Struktur Dasar WAP
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Motivation for WAP Web access by mobile phones is different... • The network is different - limited bandwidth • The client devices are different - weak CPU, small memory - restricted MMI (display and keyboard, no mouse) • The users are different - ease of use is essential A special protocol-suite protocol suite for wireless Web access is justified:
WAP, the Wireless Application Protocol This protocol-suite has been defined byy the WAP Forum.
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
The WAP Forum The WAP Forum •
was founded by Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, and Unwired Planet (now Phone com) in June 97 Phone.com)
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is now an industry association with more than 200 members (manufactures, networks operators, software developers, ...)
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defines WAP, a set of open standards that empower mobile users to easily access information and services
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ensures interoparability of WAP components
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Limits… Limits
Limited CPU, Memory
I’m I’ Popular!
Limited Bandwidth
Limited Display Limited Keyboard
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Conventional Web Architecture Internet
HTML HTTP-TCP-IP
client - connects to any server
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
server - provides HTML
Conventional Web Protocols content (HTML, (HTML JavaScript, JavaScript image image, ...)) - displayed/handled by a browser HTTP: HyperText yp Transfer Protocol - retrieves or sends content - provides attributes of content (MIME type, charset, ...) TCP: Transmission Control Protocol - reliable transport between two T-addresses (ports) - transported data from one direction not correlated to opposite direction - connections IP: Internet Protocol N-address address (IP address) - unreliable transport to an N
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
data from
WAP ((Wireless Application pp Protocol))
Internet
WAP client
WAP Gateway
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
WAP Server
Architecture of WAP
WTA Server Web Server
W M
L
HT
Wireless Network
ML
WML
M W
L WAP Server
HTML-WML Filters
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
WAP Architecture Mobile Network
Internet
WAP
WAP
binary WML
WML (HTML)
WSP-WTP-WDP-bearer
HTTP-TCP-IP
client
gateway
- connects to g gatewayy onlyy
server -p provides WML ((or HTML))
- connects to any server - translates HTTP-TCP-IP into WSP-WTP-WDP-bearer - compiles (i. (i ee. compresses) WML - "abstracts" HTML, converts to WML (optional) WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Architecture of WAP WAP!! WAP!
Encoded Request
User Agent g
HTTP Request CGI Scripts
Encoders & Decoders
content Encoded Response
Clients (handheld device)
HTTP Response
Gateway
Server
(WAP Server)
(Web Server)
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
WAP Protocol Stack
Application Layer (WAE) Session Layer (WSP)
Other Services & Applications
Transaction Layer y ((WTP)) Security Layer (WTLS) Transport Layer (WDP) Bearers:
GSM
CDMA
CDPD
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
IS-136
iDEN
Protocol Features
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
WAP Protocols content (WML, WMLScript, image, ...) - displayed/handled by a microbrowser
connt.
WSP: Wireless Session Protocol - retrieves or sends content - provides id attributes tt ib t off content t t (MIME type, t charset, h t ...)) - sessions (connect, suspend, resume, disconnect) - session capabilities (aliases, code pages, SDU size, ...)
WDP: Wireless Datagram Protocol - unreliable transport to a T-address (port) - bearer specific (UDP for IP, ...)
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
~IIP
bearer ((IP,, GSM-CSD, GS CS , SMS, S S, GPRS, G S, CDMA, C , DECT, C , ...)) - unreliable transport between client and gateway
WAP versus Standard Protocols: Traffic Characteristics
WAP is more economical than HTTP • HTTP requires a (TCP) connection to every server; WAP requires only one (WSP) session with its gateway. gateway • HTTP transmits the given content "as it is"; WAP compiles the WML content. • HTTP uses human-readable headers; WAP uses binary bi headers. h d q content,, WAP requires q less ppackets ((~1/3 for For equivalent HTTP/1.0) and less volume (~1/3) than HTTP. Therefore, it provides a higher effective bandwidth.
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
WAP versus Standard Protocols: Significance
HTTP was the killer application for the Internet; WAP may be the killer application for GPRS.
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Struktur Dasar WML • • •
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Sebuah halaman WML terdiri dari bagian header dan body. P d bagian Pada b i hheader, d harus h terdapat d deklarasi d kl i versii XML ddan DTD (Document (D T Type Definition). Deklarasi header WML : ?> Pada bagian body, terdapat pasangan tag : <wml> dan yang disebut deck. D l satu Dalam t deck d k bisa bi terdapat t d t lebih l bih dari d i satu t card. d S Sebuah b h cardd ddapatt bberisi i i satu t atau lebih komponen sebagai berikut : Teks terformat, dapat berupa teks, gambar, dan link. Elemen , untuk menerima input dari user berupa string string. Elemen <select>, user dapat memilih dari daftar pilihan.
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Sintak WML •
Deklarasi XML <wml> l Kontrol akses dan meta information Event pada level deck Event pada level card
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Untuk membuat keterangan :
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Penggunaan Card •
Sintak card :
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
WML: “Hello Hello World!” World! <wml>
Hello, world!
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Navigasi dalam Card Nama file : banyakcard.wml
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Untuk menampilkan card tertentu Alamat_URL_deck#card_id
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Menentukan action pada banyak card Sintak card dengan elemen action : id ” ” <do type=”type” label=”label”>
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Contoh Aplikasi Nama file : bykcard2.wml
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Penggunaan Teks Untuk mengatur format teks dapat dipakai beberapa elemen b ik iinii : berikut untuk ganti baris
…
atau saja untuk membuat paragraph. Atribut atribut dari elemen
Atribut-atribut
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Contoh Aplikasi p Teks Nama file : modeteks.wml
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Penggunaan Gambar • •
Format gambar yang didukung oleh WAP adalah wbmp (WAP bitmap). Untuk merubah ke format wbmp, wbmp dapat menggunakan tool WAP bitmap converter converter, misal pic2wbmp buatan GINGCO atau dari Deckit (wbmp.exe) Sintak : g g
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Convert gambar dari jpg ke wbmp
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Contoh Aplikasi Gambar
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Penggunaan Link • •
Untuk membuat hyperlink dalam melakukan navigasi antarcard atau antardeck WML dapat menggunakan elemen . Sintak : text
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Contoh Aplikasi Link •
Info Olahraga yang mempunyai 2 link yaitu : 1. Sepakbola 2 B 2. Basket k
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Lanjutan Link Nama file : spkbola.wml
WAP - The Wireless Application Protocol
Tugas •
Buatlah aplikasi berbasis WAP untuk informasi tentang PENS. a. Terdiri T di i ddarii 2 lilinkk yaitu i : - Home, berisi sekilas info tentang PENS. - Jurusan, berisi info tentang data jurusan yang ada di PENS b Gunakan 2 metode untuk menampilkan informasi diatas b. - Dengan Navigasi dalam card (perintah DO) - Dengan membuat Link (perintah a href)
