Lesson 1 VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007 People and Geography Keadaan/ Letak Bumi dan Penduduk Indonesia In this lesson, you will learn simple greetings and basic introductions in Indonesian. You will become familiar with personal pronouns, Indonesian names, and the basic geography of Indonesia. You will also listen and follow along in your workbook to several Indonesians as they introduce themselves and tell where they are from. You will then complete the accompanying exercises.
THE PEOPLE
1. Read and listen to the names, and then repeat them.
Dewi
Yanti
Dewo
Susi
Nano
Fani
Susanto
Typical Indonesian male names usually end with an “o” sound while female names usually end with an “i” sound.
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2. Read these simple greetings, phrases, and vocabulary while listening to them, and then repeat them.
Vocabulary Hello, Hi Good morning Good afternoon Good evening Good night Have a nice day Goodbye How are you? Fine, Very well Thank you You’re welcome See you later Nice to meet you Sir Ma’am My name is… He She You We They To live To come To go No Yes Correct/Right In From What? Likewise Where are you from? Where are you going? What is your name? Where do you live? City State Province Country
Halo, Hai Selamat pagi Selamat siang Selamat sore Selamat malam Selamat jalan/ Selamat tinggal Selamat tinggal/ Selamat jalan Apa kabar? Baik, Terima kasih Terima kasih Kembali Sampai bertemu kembali Senang bertemu anda Tuan/ Bapak/ Saudara Nyonya/ Nona/ Saudari Nama saya (adalah) Dia Dia Anda/ Saudara/ Kamu/ Engkau Kami/ Kita Mereka Tinggal Datang Pergi Tidak/ Bukan Ya Betul/ Benar Di Dari Apa? Sama-sama Anda dari mana? Anda akan ke mana? Siapa nama anda? Dimana anda tinggal? Kota (big) Negara bagian Propinsi Negara
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Capital Town Village
Ibu kota Kota (small) Desa/ Kampung
There are differences between the Indonesian and English languages on when to use the greetings. See the examples below: Selamat pagi: Selamat siang: Selamat sore: Selamat malam: Selamat tinggal: Selamat jalan: Note:
Good morning. This is used approximately between 4 a.m. and 10 a.m. Good day. This is used approximately between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. Good afternoon. This is used approximately between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m. Good evening/Good night. This is used between 6 p.m. and 4 a.m. Have a nice stay. (This is said to the person who is staying.) Have a good trip. (This is said to the person who is leaving.) The last two greetings above are equivalent to the English “Have a nice day.”
Introductions To introduce yourself or someone else, always begin with the word kenalkan. Indonesians generally shake hands when they meet each other. Vocabulary and Phrases Nama saya Siapa nama saudara? Mari kenalkan… Ini Senang bertemu Anda Kembali Juga
My name What’s your name? Let me introduce… This/These Glad to meet you You/Your/Yours You’re welcome (lit., to return) Also/Too
Cultural Notes Take care to choose the appropriate form of the pronoun “you” when you are speaking with someone. When speaking to children, close friends, or relatives, use either kamu or engkau. When speaking to people whom you hardly know, use either anda or saudara. For older men, Bapak or Pak is used, and for older women, Ibu or Bu is normally used. Nona (miss) is used when the woman is not married.
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Grammar Notes To ask someone’s name, use siapa. Siapa nama…? (This is followed by the proper pronoun.) Siapa nama Ibu? (What’s your name, ma’am?) To ask a child what his or her name is, say the following: Siapa nama kamu? To ask your teacher’s name, say the following: Siapa nama ibu (for a female teacher) / Siapa nama bapak? (for a male teacher) In Indonesia, the expressions below are not as common as they are in English speaking countries. They are used in business relations and rarely used in family or social situations. For instance, when waking up in the morning, a member of a family does not usually greet the others with “good morning,” nor would a student say this to his roommate in the dormitory. Instead, they use phrases like “Lagi apa?” (What are you doing?) or “Sudah mandi, belum?” (Have you taken a bath, yet?) As a foreigner, you should try to use the proper greetings when you meet someone. Terms of Address and Titles In Bahasa Indonesia, it is unusual to use their word for “you” (anda, kamu, or saudara) unless the person addressed is a child or a close acquaintance. Instead, say nothing where you would say “you” in English, or use their name or their title plus their name. For people you do not know well, it is better to use their title alone or their name plus their title. To address a woman, married or single, use Ibu or Bu (madam) plus her name, and use Nona plus her name to address a single female. To address a man, use Bapak or Pak plus his name.
3. Study the list of names below and then determine for each one whether it is a male name or a female name. Circle M for male and F for female. Check your answers with the Answer Key. M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F
Ani Tati Yanto Anto Nano Nani Suryo Yati
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GEOGRAPHY Indonesia is a huge archipelagic country. Its 13,667 islands (although according to the Indonesian Naval Hydro-Oceanographic office, there are more than 17,000 islands) are located in an area that is 5,120 kilometers wide and 1,760 kilometers long. Of this large number of islands, only 6,000 are inhabited. There are five main islands (Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Irian Jaya), two major archipelagos (Nusa Tenggara and the Maluku Islands), and 60 smaller archipelagos. Two of the islands are shared with other nations: Malaysia and Brunei share Kalimantan, and Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea share the island of New Guinea. Kalimantan, which was once known as Borneo, is the world's third largest island. Indonesia's total land area is 1,919,317 square kilometers (741,099.93 sq mi), which is slightly larger than three times the size of Texas. Its inlands seas (straits, bays, and other bodies of water) make up 93,000 square kilometers. Along with the surrounding sea areas, Indonesia's generally recognized territory (land and sea) is approximately 5 million square kilometers, and with its exclusive economic zone, the total area comes to about 7.9 million square kilometers. 5. Look at the map of Indonesia. Identify the major islands and cities. Answer the questions.
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Answer the following questions after studying the map.
a.) What is the capital of the Republic of Indonesia? ____________________________________________________________________________________ b.) On what island is the capital of Indonesia? ____________________________________________________________________________________ c.) What sea separates the Lesser Sunda Islands from Australia?
____________________________________________________________________________________
d.) Which province lies closest to Singapore? ____________________________________________________________________________________
6. Become familiar with personal pronouns by reading and listening to the pronouns listed below. Repeat them after the speaker. Pronouns First person singular Second person singular Third person singular
First person plural Second person plural Third person plural
I, my, mine you, your, yours he, his, she, her, hers it, its, its
saya/ aku anda/ saudara/ kamu/ engkau/ bapak/ ibu
we, us, ours all of you, yours they, their, theirs
kita/ kami. kalian, anda sekalian/ saudara sekalian mereka
dia/ ia/ beliau
In Indonesian, there is a distinction between kita (we, us, our), which includes the addressee(s), and kami (we, us, our), which excludes the addressee(s). Cultural Notes Indonesian people like to talk, and they are friendly even to strangers. They often will strike up a conversation with foreigners by approaching them on buses, trains, or airplanes. Once the greetings are over, you will find yourself barraged with some personal and very intimate questions, such as questions
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about your family background, marital status, social status, and so forth. Do not feel offended by this. They are merely trying to be friendly and are using such topics as small talk, much like Westerners might discuss sporting events or the weather. You can use this opportunity to practice your Indonesian with them. Use your own name with people you know or else use the pronoun saya (I). However, when requesting something, the word for “I” is often omitted, as this is understood. For the third person singular or for animate objects, use dia (she/he). The word beliau is used in formal circumstances to refer to a person (male or female) of very high social status. For inanimate objects, use ini or itu. Indonesian pronouns do not distinguished gender. Thus, dia can mean “he,” “she,” or “it.” Also, note that most Indonesians use only one name. If they have more that one name, it is likely that the second name is their father’s first name. People from South Maluku Island, North Sumatera, and North Sulawesi do have last names (family name), which they inherit from their father’s side of the family. So, in the name Nani Suharto, Nani is the given name, and Suharto is her father’s first name and not her family’s last name.
7. Listen as several Indonesian citizens introduce themselves when asked their names. Repeat the question and the answer after the speaker and fill in the blanks with each name. Pause the audio before continuing on to the next exercise. Check your answers with the Answer Key. a.) Siapa nama nona? Nama saya adalah ___________________________. b.) Siapa nama Ibu? Nama saya adalah ___________________________. c.) Siapa nama Bapak? Nama saya ____________________________. Senang bertemu anda.
8. Familiarize yourself with the following grammar concepts. In Indonesian, the use of adalah (the “to be” verb, such as is, am, was, were, etc.) is optional. Thus, one can say either of the following: Nama saya adalah Nano or Nama saya Nano (My name is Nano.) Nama dia adalah Mala or Nama dia Mala (Her name is Mala.) Be sure to put them in the right order, as saya nama means “I am the name.” The proper word order in Indonesian is the same as in English: Subject + Predicate + Object + Adverb (Complement) Saya tinggal di Jakarta. ( I live in Jakarta.) Saya pergi ke sana kemarin. (I went there yesterday.)
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I am Saya adalah pergi ke
I live Saya tinggal
I am from Saya dari
I am going Saya akan
He/She is going Dia adalah pergi ke
He/She lives
He/She is from
He/She is
Dia tinggal
Dia dari
Dia akan
We are Kami/ Kita adalah akan pergi ke
We live Kami/ Kita adalah
We are from Kami/ Kita dari
We are going Kami/ Kita
They are going Mereka adalah pergi ke
They live
They are from
They are
Mereka tinggal
Mereka dari
Mereka akan
You are Anda adalah pergi ke
You live Anda tinggal
You are from Anda dari
You are going Anda akan
Who are you? going? I am... to... Siapa anda? pergi? Saya adalah ke…
Where do you live?
Where are you from?
Where are you
I live in...
I am from...
I am going
Dimana anda tinggal?
Anda dari mana?
Kemana anda
Saya tinggal di…
Saya dari…
Saya pergi
Where does he/she live?
Where is he/she from?
Where is
He/She lives in...
He/She is from...
He/She is
Dimana dia tinggal?
Darimana dia?
Kemana dia
Dia tinggal di…
Dia dari…
Dia pergi ke…
Where do you live?
Where are you from?
Where are you
We live in...
We are from...
We are going
Who is he/she? he/she going? He/She is... going to... Siapa dia? pergi? Dia adalah… Who are you? going? We are... to...
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Siapa kalian? kalian pergi? Kita/ Kami adalah… pergi ke…
Dimana kalian tinggal?
Dari mana kalian?
Kemana
Kami/ Kita tinggal di…
Kami/ Kita dari…
Kami/ Kita
Who are they? going? They are… going to… Siapa mereka? mereka pergi? Mereka adalah… ke…
Where do they live?
Where are they from?
Where are they
They live in…
They are from…
They are
Dimana mereka tingal?
Darimana mereka?
Kemana
Mereka tinggal di…
Mereka dari…
Mereka pergi
9. Read and listen to several people as they tell where they are from and where they live.
Saya dari Jakarta.
Saya tinggal di Jakarta
Saya dari Menado.
Sekarang saya tinggal di Jakarta.
Dia dari Pontianak.
Dia tinggal di Menado.
Dia dari Bali.
Sekarang dia tinggal di Surabaya.
Bapak Nano Tahapary dari Ambon.
Sekarang dia tinggal di Ambon.
Nona Fanny Tobing dari Kendari.
Sekarang dia tinggal di Merauke.
Tuan Manto Suhirman dari Jogyakarta.
Sekarang dia tinggal di Singapura.
Anto Sutrisno dari Ujung Pandang.
Dia tinggal di Menado.
Grammar Notes There are two ways to form questions that expect a “yes or no” answer: 1.) By adding apa at the beginning of a statement 2.) By using a rising intonation Ya, benar or betul is used to introduce an affirmative answer to a “yes or no” question. Tidak (no/not) is used to negate verbs and adjectives. Bukan (no/not) is used to negate nouns and pronouns.
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Apa anda dari Ambon? Tidak, saya dari Menado. Apa nama anda Rulli? Bukan, nama saya Nano. Apa anda Marla? Ya, benar. Saya Marla. Anda Nano? Ya, saya Nano.
Are you from Ambon? No, I am from Menado. Is your name Rulli? No, my name is Nano. Are you Marla? Yes, correct. I am Marla. You are Nano? Yes, I am Nano.
10. Read and listen to the following interrogative questions, and then repeat each question and answer after the speaker. Are you from Bandung? No, I am from Jakarta. Do you live in Jakarta? Yes, I live in Jakarta. Is your name Nano? No, my name is Joko. Are you going to Bandung? Correct, I am going to Bandung.
Apa anda dari Bandung? Tidak, saya dari Jakarta Saudara tinggal di Jakarta? Ya, saya tinggal di Jakarta Apa nama anda Nano? Bukan, nama saya Joko. Apa anda akan ke Bandung? Benar, saya akan ke Bandung.
11. Listen to four short Indonesian exchanges, and then answer the following “yes or no” questions with complete sentences in Indonesian. Begin the sentence with "Yes” or "No.” Pause or replay the audio if necessary. Check your work with the Answer Key.
a.) Is Mrs. Marta Noya from Jakarta? ____________________________________________________________________________________ b.) Does Mr. Efens Tahapary live in Ambon? ____________________________________________________________________________________ c.) Is Mr. Marulam Tobing going to Medan, North Sumatera? ____________________________________________________________________________________ d.) Is Marla Pentury from Ambon, Maluku? ____________________________________________________________________________________
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End-of-Lesson Tasks
1. Check your comprehension. Listen to the following statements and mark whether each refers to a personal identity, a hometown, a residence, or a place where they are going. Check your answers with the Answer Key.
Identity
Hometown
Residence
A. B. C. D.
2. Provide personal information in Indonesian. Introduce yourself: ____________________________________________ Write (say) where you are from: __________________________________ Write (say) where you currently live: __________________________________ Write (say) where you are going: ______________________________________
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Destination
Answer Key Exercise 3 F - Ani F - Tati M -Yanto M - Anto M - Nano F - Nani M - Suryo F - Yati Exercise 5 Play Audio Here is a list of some of the largest islands or cities in Indonesia: Jakarta, Surabaya, Semarang, Bali, Ujung Pandang, Menado, and Ambon. a.) b.) c.) d.)
What is the capital of the Republic of Indonesia? Jakarta. On what island is the capital of Indonesia? Java. What sea separates the Lesser Sunda Islands from Australia? Timor Sea. Which province lies closest to Singapore? Riau.
Exercise 7 A. Siapa nama nona? (What’s your name, Ms?) Nama saya adalah Ama Sarwono. (My name is Ama Sarwono.) B. Siapa nama Ibu? (What’s your name, Mam?) Nama saya adalah Marta Tahapary. (My name is Ms. Marta Tahapary.) C. Siapa nama Bapak? (What’s your name, Sir?) Nama saya Buce Noya. (My name is Buce Noya.) Senang bertemu anda. (Pleased to meet you.) Exercise 11 a.) Is Mrs. Marta Noya from Jakarta? Tidak. Nyonya Marta Noya dari Surabaya tetapi tinggal di Jakarta. b.) Does Mr. Efens Tahapary live in Ambon? Ya. Tuan Efens Tahapary tinggal di Ambon, Maluku, tetapi akan pergi ke Jakarta.
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c.) Is Mr. Marulam Tobing going to Medan, North Sumatera. Ya. Marulam Tobing sedang pergi ke Medan, Sumatera utara. d.) Is Marla Pentury from Ambon, Maluku? Tidak. Nona Marla Pentury dari kota Ujung Pandang, Sulawesi selatan.
a.) b.) c.) d.)
No. Mrs. Marta Noya is from Surabaya but lives in Jakarta. Yes. Mr. Efens Tahapary lives in Ambon, but he will be going to Jakarta. Yes. Marulam Tobing is leaving to go to Medan, west Sumatera. No. Ms.Marla Pentury is from Ujung Pandang, south Sulawesi.
End of Lesson Tasks Exercise 1
A. B. C. D.
Identity
Hometown
Efens Tahapary Marla Pentury Nano Noya
Ambon, Maluku
Residence
Destination
Ujung Pandang Surabaya, Jawa timur
Marulam Tobing
Medan, Sumatera utara
Audio for the above exercise: A. Halo, nama saya Efens Tahapary. Saya dari Ambon, Maluku. Hallo, my name is Efens Tahapary. I am from Ambon, Maluku. B. Saya Marla P entury Saya tinggal di Ujung Pandang, Sulawesi selatan. I am Marla Pentury. I live in Ujung Pandang, Sulawesi selatan. C. Saya Nano Noya. Saya dari Surabaya, Jawa timur. I am Nano Noya. I am from Surabaya, Jawa Timur. D. Hai, saya Marulam Tobing dan saya akan pergi ke Medan, Sumatera utara. Hi, I am Marulam Tobing and I am going to Medan, Sumatera Utara.
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