DAFTAR ISI
Halaman ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... i KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... ii DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................... iv DAFTAR TABEL .......................................................................................... vi DAFTAR GAMBAR ...................................................................................... vii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................. viii BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Masalah ........................................................... 1 B. Identifikasi Masalah.................................................................. 7 C. Batasan Masalah ....................................................................... 8 D. Rumusan Masalah .................................................................... 9 E. Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................... 10 F. Manfaat Penelitian……………………………………………. 11 BAB II LANDASAN TEORETIS, KERANGKA KONSEPTUAL, DAN HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN A. Landasan Teoretis ..................................................................... 12 1. Menulis ................................................................................. 12 a. Pengertian Menulis ............................................................ 12 b. Manfaat Menulis ............................................................... 14 2. Menulis Petunjuk ................................................................. 15 a. Pengertian Menulis Petunjuk ......................................... 15 b. Ciri-ciri Petunjuk............................................................ 19 c. Syarat-syarat Menulis Petunjuk ..................................... 20 d. Langkah-langkah Menulis Petunjuk .............................. 21 e. Menulis Petunjuk dengan Bahasa yang Efektif .............. 23 3. Teknik Pembelajaran Finger Painting ................................. 26 a. Teknik Pembelajaran ...................................................... 26 b. Pengertian Teknik Pembelajaran Finger Painting ......... 26 c. Sejarah Perkembangan Finger Painting ........................ 29 d. Langkah-langkah Teknik Finger Painting dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Petunjuk ........................ 30 e. Kelebihan dan Kelemahan Teknik Finger Painting....... 32 B. Kerangka Konseptual ................................................................ 33 C. Hipotesis Penelitian ................................................................... 34 BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN A. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian .................................................... 35 1. Lokasi Penelitian ............................................................ 35 2. Waktu Penelitian ............................................................ 35 B. Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian ................................................ 35 1. Populasi Penelitian ......................................................... 35 2. Sampel Penelitian ........................................................... 36 iv
C. Metode Penelitian ...................................................................... 37 D. Defenisi Operasional Variabel Penelitian ................................. 38 E. Desain Penelitian ....................................................................... 38 F. Jalannya Eksperimen ................................................................. 39 G. Instrumen Penelitian .................................................................. 43 H. Organisasi Pengolahan Data ..................................................... 46 I. Teknik Analisis Data .................................................................. 47 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN A. Deskripsi Data Penelitian ......................................................... 51 B. Data Penelitian .......................................................................... 52 C. Analisis Data ............................................................................. 55 1. Analisis Data Hasil Pre-Test ................................................ 55 2. Analisis Data Hasil Post-Test .............................................. 58 D. Uji Persyaratan Analisis Data ................................................... 62 1. Uji Normalitas Hasil Pre-Test dan Post -Test Penelitian ..... 62 a. Uji Normalitas Hasil Pre-Test ........................................ 62 b. Uji Normalitas Hasil Post –Test..................................... 64 2. Uji Homegenitas................................................................... 66 E. Pengujian Hipotesis ................................................................... 67 F. Pembahasan Penelitian............................................................... 69 1. Kemampuan Menulis Petunjuk Sebelum Penerapan Teknik Finger Painting ....................................................... 71 a. Ketepatan Tata Urutan Petunjuk ...................................... 72 b. Keefektifan Kalimat Petunjuk ......................................... 72 c. Ketepatan Penggunaan Ejaan dan Tanda Baca dalam Petunjuk ................................................................ 73 d. Ketepatan Penggunaan Diksi/Pilihan Kata ................. 73 2. Kemampuan Menulis Petunjuk Sesudah Penerapan Teknik Finger Painting ....................................................... 74 a. Ketepatan Tata Urutan Petunjuk ...................................... 74 b. Keefektifan Kalimat Petunjuk ......................................... 75 c. Ketepatan Penggunaan Ejaan dan Tanda Baca dalam Petunjuk ................................................................ 75 d. Ketepatan Penggunaan Diksi/Pilihan Kata ...................... 76 G. Temuan Hasil Penelitian ........................................................... 80 BAB V PENUTUP A. Kesimpulan ............................................................................... 82 B. Saran ......................................................................................... 84 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................... 86
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel Halaman 3.1 Distribusi Jumlah Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Teluk Dalam Kabupaten Asahan Tahun Pembelajaran 2011/ 2012 ........................ 36 3.2 Desain Eksperimen One Group Pre-Test Post-Test Design .............. 39 3.3 Jalannya Eksperimen Dengan Menerapkan Teknik Finger Painting .................................................................................. 40 3.4 Aspek-Aspek Penilaian Menulis Petunjuk......................................... 43 3.5 Kategori Penilaian ............................................................................. 46 4.1 Data Kemampuan Menulis Petunjuk Sebelum Penerapan Teknik Finger Painting ...................................................................... 52 4.2 Data Kemampuan Menulis Petunjuk Sesudah Penerapan Teknik Finger Painting ...................................................................... 54 4.3 Distribusi Frekuensi Hasil Pre-Test .................................................. 55 4.4 Identifikasi Kecenderungan Hasil Pre-Test ....................................... 57 4.5 Distribusi Frekuensi Hasil Post-Test ................................................. 58 4.6 Identifikasi Kecenderungan Hasil Post-Test ..................................... 61 4.7 Uji Normalitas Hasil Pre-Test ........................................................... 62 4.8 Uji Normalitas Hasil Post-Test .......................................................... 64 4.9 Pengujian Normalitas Data Penelitian ............................................... 66 4.10 Perbedaan Hasil Kemampuan Menulis Petunjuk Sebelum dan Sesudah Penerapan Teknik Finger Painting ..................................... 70
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 2.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
Halaman Karya Lukisan dengan Jari (Finger Painting) ................................. 28 Teknik Melukis dengan Jari (Finger Painting)................................. 30 Distribusi Frekuensi Hasil Pre-Test .................................................. 56 Identifikasi Kecenderungan Hasil Pre-Test ...................................... 58 Distribusi Frekuensi Hasil Post-Test................................................. 60 Identifikasi Kecenderungan Hasil Post-Test ..................................... 61
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Halaman
Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) ....................................... 88 Bahan Ajar Menulis Petunjuk ............................................................ 98 Tes Keterampilan Menulis Petunjuk (Pre-Test) ................................ 101 Tes Keterampilan Menulis Petunjuk (Post-Test) ............................... 102 Foto Dokumentasi Penelitian ............................................................. 103 Daftar Nilai Kritis Untuk Uji Liliefors .............................................. 105 Tabel Wilayah Luas di Bawah Kurva Normal 0 ke z ........................ 106 Daftar Nukilan Tabel NIlai “t” untuk Berbagai df............................. 107 Daftar Nilai Persentil untuk Distribusi F ........................................... 108 Lembar Hasil Kerja Siswa ................................................................. 110
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