KARYA TULIS ILMIAH Uji Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) terhadap Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) dan Esherichia coli secara In Vitro
Karya Tulis Ilmiah Untuk Memenuhi Syarat Memperoleh Derajat Sarjana Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Herlambang Surya Perkasa 20080310034 PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN DOKTER
PROGRAM STUDI KEDOKTERAN UMUM FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA YOGYAKARTA 2011
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HALAMAN PENGESAHAN PROPOSAL KTI Karya Tulis Ilmiah
Uji Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) terhadap Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) dan Esherichia coli secara In Vitro Oleh: Nama
: Herlambang Surya Perkasa
No. Mahasiswa : 20080310034
Yogyakarta, 3 Mei 2011
Disetujui oleh Dosen Pembimbing,
Dosen Penguji,
(dr. Inayati Habib, M.kes )
(Dra. Lilis Suryani, M.kes)
Mengetahui, Dekan Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
(dr. H. Ardi Pramono, Sp.An, M.Kes)
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DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................ i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN PROPOSAL KTI .................................................. ii DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................... iii DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... v DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................. vi INTISARI .......................................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... viii BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................... 1 A. Latar Belakang Masalah ............................................................................ 1 B. Perumusan Masalah .................................................................................. 5 C. Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 6 D. Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 6 E. Keaslian Peneitian ..................................................................................... 7 BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ......................................................................... 9 A. Tinjauan Teori........................................................................................... 9 B. Kerangka Konsep .................................................................................... 24 C. Hipotesis ................................................................................................. 25 BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................... 26 A. Desain Penelitian .................................................................................... 26 B. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................................... 26 C. Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian ............................................................... 26 D. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional ........................................................... 27 E. Instrument Penelitian .............................................................................. 29 iii
F.
Cara Pengumpulan Data .......................................................................... 30
G. Pengolahan dan Metode Analisa Data ..................................................... 33 BAB IV. HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................... 34 A. Hasil Penelitian ....................................................................................... 34 B. Pembahasan ............................................................................................ 37 BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ............................................................ 47 A. Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 47 B. Saran ....................................................................................................... 47 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 49
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1
Gambar Jatropha Curcas............................................................10
Gambar 2
MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus).............13
Gambar 3
E.coli (Escherichia coli).............................................................17
Gambar 4
Penentuan KHM dan KBM Bakteri Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus...............................................................36
Gambar 5
Penentuan KHM dan KBM Bakteri Escherichia coli..............................................................................................36
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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 1
Nilai KHM dan KBM Ekstrak Daun Jarak Pagar Terhadap Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus...........................35
Tabel 2
Nilai KHM dan KBM Ekstrak Daun Jarak Pagar Terhadap Escherichia coli..........................................................................35
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Uji Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) terhadap Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus dan Escherichia coli secara In Vitro Herlambang Surya Perkasa1, dr. Hj. Inayati Habib, M.Kes.2 1
Program Study Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah, 2Departemen Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
INTISARI Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki kekayaan dan keanekaragaman hayati tetapi masih sedikit tanaman obat yang dijadikan kajian penelitian ilmiah di Indonesia. Tanaman jarak pagar merupakan salah satu tanaman herbal di Indonesia. Tanaman ini telah banyak digunakan dalam bidang kesehatan, dan secara empiris, getah tanaman ini telah digunakan sebagai pengobatan sariawan, obat luka dan penahan darah. Selain itu daun tanaman jarak juga digunakan sebagai obat demam, penangan rematik dan jaundice. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) terhadap Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus dan Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 secara in vitro. Potensi antibakteri ditunjukkan dengan melihat Kadar Hambat Minimal (KHM) dan Kadar Bunuh Minimal (KBM) ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) terhadap bakteri tersebut dengan metode pengenceran tabung (tube dilution method). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa KHM ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) berturut-turut terhadap bakteri Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus 2,604% dan Escherichia coli 8,333%. KBM ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) berturut-turut terhadap Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus 5,208% dan Escherichia coli 16,666%. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas) mempunyai potensi antibakteri terhadap bakteri Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus dan Escherichia coli. Kata Kunci: Ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas), potensi antibakteri, KHM, KBM, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia coli .
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Antibacterial Potency Test Leaves Extracts of Jatropha curcas L. againts Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia coli In vitro Herlambang Surya Perkasa1, dr. Hj. Inayati Habib, M.Kes.2 1
Student of Medical Study and Health Science, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta. 2Lecturer of Medical Study and Health Science, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta.
ABSTRACT Indonesia is a country which has a lot of biodiversity, but there is few of biodiversity which is used by people of Indonesia. Jatropha curcas is the one of herbal in Indonesia. This plant has been already used in medical science, and empirically, latex of this plant is used as sprue, scar, and coagulation threatment. Besides, this plant is also used as fever, rheumatic, and jaundice treatment. This research is an experimental laboratory study to observed the antibacterial potency of leaves extract of Jatropha curcas tuber infusion against MethicillinResistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia coli ATCC 35218 in vitro. The antibacterial potency of leaves extract Jatropha curcas tuber infusion has been tested by the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) using tube dilution method. The result of this study shows that the minimal inhibitory concentration of leaves extract of Jatropha curcas tuber infusion against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus is 2,604% and for Escherichia coli 8,333%. The minimal bactericidal concentration of leaves extract of Jatropha curcas tuber infusion against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus is 5,208% and for Escherichia coli is 16,666%. In conclusion, it is conclude that leaves extract of Jatropha curcas has antibacterial potency against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia coli. KEYWORDS: leaves extract of Jatropha curcas, antibacterial potency, MIC, MBC, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia coli.
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