DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY BY USING TIC-TAC-TOE GAME (A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH TO THE TENTH IIS GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NU KEDUNG JEPARA IN 2014/2015 ACADEMIC YEAR)
By INKA PERMATA SARI NIM 201132215
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2015
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DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY BY USING TIC-TAC-TOE GAME (A CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH TO THE TENTH IIS GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NU KEDUNG JEPARA IN 2014/2015 ACADEMIC YEAR)
SKRIPSI Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education
By INKA PERMATA SARI NIM 201132215
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS 2015
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO Allah will never change one’s destiny. Leave the bad things in the past to get the bright future. (Q S. Arra’du : 11)
DEDICATION
This thesis is fully dedicated to: 1. My beloved parents 2. My beloved sister and brother, Hety Mayang Fitriani and Abid Aqila Tripranaja 3. All of my friends.
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the skripsi of Inka Permata Sari (NIM 201132215) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee Kudus 18th May 2015
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EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL This is certifying that the skripsi of Inka Permata Sari (NIM 201132215) has been approved by the examining committee as a requirement for completing the sarjana program in English Education. Kudus, June 13rd 2015
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer praises Almighty Allah S.W.T, who had blassed and given the inspiration, so the writer can finish this final project without there is any significance of the problem. During this struggle to finish this final project completely entitled Developing Students’ Speaking Ability by Using Tic Tac Toe Games (A Classroom Action Research to the Tenth IIS Grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 Acdemic Year), the writer would also like to convey her special gratitude to: 1. Drs. Selamet Utomo, M.Pd as the dean of the Teacher Training and Education Faculty, for all his supports. 2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd the head of English Education Department, for all her supports. 3. Drs.Suprihadi M.Pd as the frist advisor of the research, for all his invaluable time and patience in guiding the writer during the process of research and writing. 4. Atik Rokhayati S.Pd, M.Pd as the second advisor of the research, for all his invaluable time and patience in guiding the writer during the process of research and writing. 5.
Hj. Aini Mahmudah M.S.1 as the principal of SMA NU Kedung Jepara for her permission and helps.
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6. Akhmad Wiharno S.Pd as the English teacher of the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara for her advice and helps. 7. All the students in the tenth IIS grades for the joy and help that always full of spirit during the process of research. 8. The writer beloved family, my mother, father, sister, and brother who always give spirit and love. 9. My best friends (Farida Fatmawati, Yuyun Maksumah, Hidayah Nilal Amal, Siti Wafiroh, Noviana Kusmahanani, Santy Agustin, Lina Hartatik, Fera Haryani, Dian Eka Widiartati, Yuli Prastika Herawati, Eva Yuli Mukti Ningrum, and Laela Nur Mahmudah) thanks for the joy and our friendship. 10. All people involved during the writing of this final project. Finally, thanks are also due to those whose names could not be mentioned here, their contributions have enabled her completing this final project. The writer has a great expectation that her study will be beneficial and useful for everybody who interest in reading this research. Jepara, 18th May 2015 The writer,
Inka Permata Sari
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ABSTRACT
Sari, Inka Permata, 2015. Developing Students’ Speaking Ability By Using TicTac-Toe Game (A Classroom Action Reseach to the Tenth IIS Grade Students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 Academic Year). Skripsi: English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (1) Drs. Suprihadi, M. Pd.,(2) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd., M.Pd. Key words : Speaking ability, Tic-Tac-Toe Game, classroom action research Speaking ability is one of the skills that should be mastered by the students besides three other skills in learning language. Through speaking people could communicate orally by presenting their idea in real life. They make speaking to be natural than other forms of communication. One purposes of learning English is understand English early since Elementary School until Senior High School. One of problems that have to be face by English teacher and learner is how to deal with speaking. Sometimes, the students could master and always remember all the speaking learned at school well, but after they have finished their study, they lose many of English words and only limited numbers are remembered. This phenomenon happens in the process of speaking ability in the Senior High School, belong to the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year is those who are studying about social sciences. Such this condition happens in SMA NU Kedung Jepara. Tic Tac Toe Game makes students will be more interested and more active in learning. They will feel something new and different from what they usually get in their class. The writer hopes that with the use of Tic Tac Toe Game they will be active as participants and they have more a chance to express their mind. Tic Tac Toe Game is a game in which two players alternately crosess and circles in one of the components of square grid of nine spaces; the object is to get a row of three crosses or three circles before the opponent does. The objective of the research is to find out if Tic Tac Toe Game can develop the speaking ability of recont text at the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year and to describe the students’ response on Tic Tac Toe Game which is aimed at developing their speaking ability of recount text. Based on the explanation above, the writer chooses the tenth IIS grade of students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year as a subject of the research. This research applied a classroom action research which is consisted two cycles. The subject of this research was the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year. The number of participants in this ix
research was 28 students. In completing the research, the writer used the observation sheet, questionnaire, oral test as the instruments of collecting the data. By conducting the classroom action research, it was found out that using Tic Tac Toe Game developed students’ speaking ability of recount text and can describe the students’ response on Tic Tac Toe Game which is aimed at developing their speaking ability of recount text. The result of this research has shown that the students progress in developes speaking ability in each cycle. First cycle was 60.85 (less than 65, not achieved). The second cycles, was 71.85 (Achieved) which was higher than the KKM score and the result of questionnaire has shown that the students progress in developes speaking ability in each cycle, the students’ response on Tic Tac Toe Game which is aimed at developing their speaking ability of recount text still need development in cycle I and in cycle II, the students’ response on Tic Tac Toe Game which is aimed at developing their speaking ability of recount text can be developed. The observation sheet, it was shows that teaching and learning process in the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year still need improvement and in cycle II, it was shows that teaching and learning process in the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year can be developed. Therefore, the writer can conclude that the use of Tic Tac Toe Game can develop the speaking ability of recount text at the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year. Reffering to this research, there are several important things that can be suggested in the last of the research report and it is hopefully useful for the English teacher. The first suggestion is the teacher should make a variety in teaching and learning English speaking either media to solve the students’ problem in study about English speaking. The second suggestion is the teacher can apply Tic Tac Toe Game to develop the students’ speaking ability. It is one of media that helped the teacher in teaching and learning activity is interesting because can attract the students’ response in developing students’ speaking ability and make the students to be active in responding the teacher or their friends.
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ABSTRAK
Sari, Inka Permata, 2015. Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara Siswa Menggunakan Tic-Tac-Toe Game (SemacamPenelitian Tindakan Kelas pada Siswa Kelas Sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara Pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015). Skripsi : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing:(1) Drs. Suprihadi, M. Pd., (2) Atik Rokhayani , S.Pd., M.Pd. Kata Kunci :Kemampuan berbicara Tic-Tac-Toe Game, penelitian tindakan kelas Kemampuan berbicara adalah salah satu kemampuan yang harus dikuasai oleh siswa disamping tiga kemampuan lain dalam belajar bahasa. Melalui berbicara orang dapat berkomunikasi secara langsung dengan mempresentasikan ide mereka dalam kehidupan nyata. Mereka membuat menjadi alami daripada bentuk komunikasi lain. Salah satu tujuan adalah bagaimana cara menguasai berbicara. Kadang- kadang, para siswa dapat menguasai dan selalu mengingat semua pelajaran berbicara di sekolah dengan baik, tetapi setelah mereka selesai pelajaran, mereka kehilangan banyak kosa kata bahasa Inggris dan hanya sedikit kosa kata yang mereka ingat. Kenyataan ini terjadi pada proses kemampuan berbicara Sekolah Menengah Atas, termasuk siswa kelas sepuluh IIS di SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 yaitu siswa yang belajar mengenai ilmu sosial. Seperti yang terjadi di SMA NU Kedung Jepara. Tic Tac Toe Game membuat para siswa akan lebih tertarik dan lebih aktif dalam belajar. Mereka merasakan sesuatu yang baru dan berbeda dari apa yang mereka dapat biasanya di kelas. Penulis berharap dengan menggunakan Tic Tac Toe Game mereka akan aktif sebagai peserta dan mereka mendapatkan kesempatan mengekspresikan ide mereka. Tic Tac Toe Game adalah game yang dimainkan oleh dua pemain dengan bentuk simbol silang dan bulat di dalam satu komponen berbentuk persegi sembilan bagian; yang tujuannya memperoleh tiga baris dengan simbol silang atau bulat sebelum lawan selesai. Pemain membuat sembilan garis pada papan atau kertas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menemukan bahwa Tic Tac Toe Game dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada teks recount pada kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 dan mendeskripsikan respon siswa pada Tic Tac Toe Game yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara pada teks recount. Berdasarkan pada keterangan di atas, penulis memilih siswa kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 sebagai subjek penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang berisi dua siklus. Subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015. Jumlah peserta didik adalah 28 siswa. Di dalam xi
melengkapi penelitian, penulis menggunakan lembar observation, questionnaire, tes oral sebagai bahan mengumpulkan data. Dengan mengadakan penelitian tindakan kelas, di temukan bahwa menggunakan Tic Tac Toe Game mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada teks recount dan dapat mendeskripsikan respon siswa terhadap Tic Tac Toe Game yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara mereka pada teks recount. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada masing-masing siklus. Siklus I adalah 60.85 (kurang dari 65,tidak memenuhi). Siklus II adalah 71.85 (memenuhi) yang lebih tinggi dari nilai KKM dan hasil dari questionnaire menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan siswa pada kemampuan berbicara pada masing-masing siklus, respon siswa pada Tic Tac Toe Game yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada teks recount masih harus dikembangkan di siklus I dan di siklus II, respon siswa pada Tic Tac Toe Game yang bertujuan mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada teks recount dapat berkembang. Lembar observation, menunjukkan bahwa proses belajar mengajar di kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 masih harus di tingkatkan dan di siklus II, menunjukkan bahwa proses belajar mengajar di kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015 dapat berkembang. Oleh karena itu, penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa menggunakan Tic Tac Toe Game dapat mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa pada teks recount pada kelas sepuluh IIS SMA NU Kedung Jepara pada Tahun Ajaran 2014/2015. Sehubungan dengan penelitian ini, ada beberapa saran di akhir laporan penelitian dan ini sangat berguna untuk guru bahasa Inggris. Saran pertama adalah guru harus membuat variasi dalam mengajar dan belajar berbicara bahasa Inggris atau juga dapat menggunakan media untuk mengatasi masalah tentang belajar berbicara dalam bahasa Inggris. Saran kedua adalah guru dapat menerapakan Tic Tac Toe Game untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara siswa. Ini adalah salah satu media yang membantu guru dalam aktivitas mengajar dan belajar merarik karena dapat membangkitkan respon siswa dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara dan membuat siswa menjadi aktif dalam merespon guru teman-teman mereka.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page COVER ................................................................................................................... i LOGO ..................................................................................................................... ii TITLE ................................................................................................................... iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION ............................................................................ iv ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ....................................................................................v EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... ix ABSTRAKSI ...................................................................................................... xi TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. xiii LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xvi LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................... xviii LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research....................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Research………………… .............................................. 4 1.3 Objective of the Research........................................................................... 5 1.4 Significance of the Research ...................................................................... 5 1.5 Scope of the Research ................................................................................ 6 1.6 Operational Definition Variable ................................................................. 6 CHAPTER 11 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Teaching English for in SMA NU Kedung Jepara .................................. 7 2.1.1 The Curriculum of Teaching English in SMA NU Kedung Jepara ........ 8 2.1.2 Purpose of Teaching English in SMA NU Kedung Jepara ..................... 9 2.1.3 The Material of Teaching English in SMA NU Kedung Jepara ........... 10 2.2 Speaking Ability ..................................................................................... 11 xiii
2.2.1 Elements of Speaking ............................................................................ 12 2.2.2 Assessment of Speaking ........................................................................ 14 2.2.3 Teaching Speaking ................................................................................ 15 2.3 General Concept of Game ........................................................................16 2.3.1 Advantages of Game ............................................................................ 17 2.3.2 Disavantages of Game ........................................................................... 18 2.4 Tic Tac Toe Game .................................................................................. 19 2.4.1 The Characteristic of Tic Tac Toe Game .............................................. 19 2.4.2 Procedure of Tic Tac Toe Game ........................................................... 20 2.5 The Definition of RecountText ............................................................... 21 2.5.1The Characteristics of Recount Text ...................................................... 21 2.5.2 The Implementation of Tic Tac Toe Game in Teaching Speaking Ability of Recount Text.................................................................................... 22 2.5.3 Eample of Tic Tac Toe Game in Teaching Recount Text ..................... 22 2.6 Review of Previous Research ................................................................... 24 2.7 Theoretical Framework ........................................................................... 26 2.8 Action Hypothesis ................................................................................... 27 CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1 Setting and Characteristics of Research Subject ...................................... 29 3.2 Variable of the Research .......................................................................... 31 3.3 Design of the Research ............................................................................ 31 3.3.1 Planning ................................................................................................. 32 3.3.2 Action .................................................................................................... 33 3.3.3 Observation ........................................................................................... 33 3.3.4 Analysis and Reflection ........................................................................ 33 3.4 Data Collecting Technique ..................................................................... 34 3.5 Instrument Research ................................................................................. 35 3.6 Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 36 3.7 Success Indicator ...................................................................................... 41 xiv
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 Pre- cycle....................................................................................................... 43 4.2 Development of Students’ speaking Ability by Using Tic Tac Toe Game 45 4.2.1 The Result of Cycle I ................................................................................. 45 4.2.2 The Result of Cycle 2 ................................................................................. 63 CHAPTER V DISCUSSIONS 5.1 Discussion .................................................................................................... 87 5.1.1 The Improvement of Speaking Ability of Recount Text to the Tenth IIS Grade Students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year by Using Tic Tac Toe Game ...................................88 5.1.2 The students of the tenth IIS grade students of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year interested in the use of Tic Tac Toe Game ...............................................................................................................92 CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusions ...................................................................................................97 6.2 Suggestions ...................................................................................................101 REFERENCES APPENDICES
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
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3.1 Time of Research ....................................................................................... 30 3.6.1 The Scoring of Speaking Test ................................................................ 36 3.6.2 The Assessment Criteria of the Speaking Ability ................................... 40 4.1 Teachers’ and students’ activities in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 1 ...................................................................................................... 49 4.2 The students’ response in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 1 ...... 51 4.3 The score of Achievement test of teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 1 ...................................................................................................... 56 4.4 The Assessment Criteria of the Speaking Ability ...................................... 59 4.5 Teachers’ and students’ activities in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle II ..................................................................................................... 67 4.6 The students’ response in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle II...... 69 4.7 The score of Achievement test of teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle I1 ........................................................................................................74 xvi
4.8 The Assessment Criteria of the Speaking Ability .......................................... 77 4.9 Recapitulation of the students’ Assessment Test of the Speaking Ability by Using Tic Tac Toe Game ............................................................................... 78
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LIST OF FIGUREES Figure
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3.3 Cyclical Action Research ............................................................... 32
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LIST OF APPENDICES Appendices
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1. Syllabus ........................................................................................................ 105 2. Lesson plan for Cycle 1................................................................................ 131 3. The observation sheet of teachers’ and students’ activities in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 1 .......................................................... 146 4. The questionnaire of the students’ response in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 1............................................................................. 148 5. Lesson plan for Cycle 2................................................................................ 150 6. The observation sheet of teachers’ and students’ activities in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 2 .......................................................... 166 7. The questionnaire of the students’ response in teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 2............................................................................. 168 8. The List of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year.......................................................................... 170 9. The List of the Midterm Test Score of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year ............................................... 171 10. The score of Achievement test of teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 1 ...................................................................................................... 172 11. The score of Achievement test of teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year in Cycle 2 ...................................................................................................... 174 xix
12. The Score of Cycle I ................................................................................. 176 13. The Score of Cycle II ................................................................................. 177 14.The Recapitulation of the students’ Assessment Test of the Speaking Ability by Using Tic Tac Toe Game ......................................................... 178 15. Tic Tac Toe Grid Paper for Cycle 1 ........................................................... 179 16. Tic Tac Toe Grid Paper for Cycle 2 ........................................................... 180 17. The Script of teaching English by Using Tic Tac Toe Game to develop students’ speaking ability of the tenth IIS grade of SMA NU Kedung Jepara in 2014/2015 academic year ............................................................. 181 18. Documentation ........................................................................................... 193 19. Surat Permohonan Ijin Penelitian............................................................... 194 20. Surat Keterangan Penelitian ....................................................................... 195 21. Profil SMA NU Kedung Jepara ................................................................. 196 22. Struktur Kurikulum dan Pembagian Jam Mata Pelajaran dan Mulok........ 197 23. Tata Tertib Siswa SMA NU Kedung Jepara .............................................. 198 24. Surat Permohonan Ujin Skripsi.................................................................. 199 25. Surat Keterangan Selesai Bimbingan ......................................................... 200 26. Statement .................................................................................................... 201 27. Curriculum Vitae........................................................................................ 202
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