Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Transportation
Indonesia Country Report: PROGRESS on the Implementation of Environmentally Sustainable Transport in Indonesia
The 7th Regional Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) Forum in Asia Bali, 24 April 2013
Harry Boediarto Ministry of Transportation Republic of Indonesia
MARITIME ROUTES AND STRATEGIC LOCATIONS
Gibraltar
Bosporus Suez
Hormuz
Bab el-Mandab
Panama
Malacca
Good Hope Magellan
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SHIPPING AND STRATEGIC LANES PASSAGE ASIA PACIFIC Russia
Tsugaru
Japan China
i fic c a P
ea Oc
n
Malacca
So u
th C
hi n
aS
ea
India
Makassar
Indonesia
I n d ia n
O c e an
Equidistant Conic Projection
Torres
Sunda Lombok
Australia
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INDONESIAN ARCHIPELAGO SEA LANES
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AIR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
EST Forum 2013 | 5 harboed.pkkpjt | 2012
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INDONESIA ECONOMIC LANDSCAPE
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POPULATION IN MAIN AREAS IN INDONESIA IN 2010 No.
ISLAND
1
Sumatera
2
Jawa
3
POPULATION PEOPLE
AREA Km2
%
%
50.630.931
21,3
473.606
25,2
136.610.590
57,5
138.794
6,8
Kalimantan
13.787.831
5,8
539.460
28,5
4
Sulawesi
17.371.782
7,3
189.216
9,6
5
Maluku
2.571.593
1,1
54.185
4,1
6
Papua
4.354.225
1,5
421.981
21,8
7
Bali dan Nusa Tenggara
16.574.796
5,5
66.52
5,8
237.641.326
-
Total Indonesia’s area
1.910.931
-
Source: Statistical Data, 2010
Number of islands in Indonesia Population Density in Indonesia The most populated province is DKI Jakarta The lowest population density is Papua People living in urban areas People living in rural areas
: 17.504 : 1 : 14.440 : 8 : 118.320.256 : 119.321.070
island people/Km2 people/Km2 people/Km2 people /49,8 % people /50,2 % EST Forum 2013 | 8
PERCENTAGE OF ENERGY USE FOR TRANSPORT MODE GASOLINE
61,66 %
DIESEL FUEL
37,5 %
GAS, ETC
0,84 %
SOLAR ENERGY
0%
ELECTRIC
0%
HYBRID (BBM+Electric)
0%
FUEL
Source : Ditjen MIGAS 2010
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OVERVIEW - USE OF FUEL SUBSIDY IN 2011 Type of Fuel Subsidy
Gasoline
60%
Private Car
53% 77,8 trilyun rp
Diesel fuel
34%
Motor
40% 58,8 trilyun rp
Freight car
4%
Public
3%
Gas
Land Transport
6%
Gasoline Consump tion
Fuel Subsidy in 2011 165,2 trillion Rupiah Land Transport
Household Consumer Sector
89%
Jawa Bali 59%
Each Area Sumatera 22%
6%
Fishery
3%
Water Trabsport
1%
Small Industri
Jabodetabek 30%
1%
Source: Ditjen MIGAS, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource, 2011
Kalimanta n 7%
Luar Jabodetabek 70% Kota Besar 4% Othes 18% Metropolis 4% Others 18%
NTB & NTT 2% IBT 10%
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GROWTH OF MOTOR VEHICLES BASED ON TYPE 1987-2011
80,000,000
70,000,000
60,000,000
50,000,000
Mobil Penumpang 40,000,000
Bis
Truk 30,000,000
Sepeda Motor
20,000,000
10,000,000
0
Source : Police Department Republik Indonesia *) since 1999 not incl. Timor Leste
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CHARACTERISTIC MODE OF TRANSPORT (SHIP, TRAIN, AIRPLANE,TRUCK)
Pass. Car
580
Taxi
1.295
Bus
247
Train
100
SUMBER : JAPAN TRANSPORT ECONOMY RESEACH CENTER
Kcal/Pass.Km energy consumtion
Kcal/Ton.Km
Truck
616
Ship/Ferry
295
Train
114
Airplane
394
Ship
120
Airplane
5250
Pass. Car
44,6
Taxi
89,3
Bus
19,4
c.g/Pass.Km Emission (CO2) c.g./Ton.Km
capacity (Ton/each)
Truck
48,3
Train
4,7
Train
5,9
Ship/Ferry
23,9
Ship
9,7
Airplane
30,2
Airplane
402,4 Truck
0,264
Train
2,225
Shipl
3,712
Volume (mill Ton.Km/labr)
Volume (Ton/each)
Truck
5 - 10
Train
500 - 650
Ship
3000 - 5000
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CHARATERISTIC MODE OF TRANSPORT
Source : Gaikindo, nd EST Forum 2013 | 13
EMISSION CO2 (.000 TON) FROM VEHICLE PER EACH ISLANDS, 2000 - 2007
Source : Ministry of Environment, 2009 Based on average gasoline and diesel consumption and emission factor calculation EST Forum 2013 | 14
AUTOMOTIVE SELLING PROJECTION 2013
Source : Gaikindo, nd EST Forum 2013 | 15
INDONESIA URBAN TRANSPORT PROBLEM
Urban Transport
PROBLEM
Urbanization growth Aglomeration phenomena (metropolitan) Increase travel demand Limited public transport Limited transport network (rail & road) Insufficient public transport service Disconnected public transport services (node and link) Institutional arrangement Integrated plan (land use & transport)
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RENCANA AKSI UNTUK PENGELOLAAN EST ACTION PLAN FOR EST
ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
REQUIREMENT
FOCUS ON PROBLEM SOLVING
COMMITMENT ALL OF STAKEHOLDERS ROLE OF URBAN STAKEHOLDERS
TO REDUCE MOTORISED MOVEMENT AND NUMBERS
TO CHOOSE SUITABLE MODE OF TRANSPORT FOR URBAN ACTIVITY
RULE OF THE GAME FOR IMPLEMENTATION SHORT, MID, LONG TERM ACTION PLAN
AVAILABILITY
HUMAN RESOUCES MONITORING
FUNDING
harboed | 2012
17
ENVIRONMENTAL SUISTANABLE TRANSPORTATION (TRANSPORTASI YANG BERKELANJUTAN DAN BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN)
URBAN TRANSPORT CHALLENGE Emission & Pollution
Required Clean Air
Congestion Urbanization & Commuter
Rapid Urban Growth
Limited Public Transp. & Urban Space
Government reveals problem to be solved
Institutional arrangement
Lack of land space for urban transport infrastructure
Rapid growth of commercial and residential area
Global Climate Change
Growing Motorised Transp. Contributed To Urban Emission
Population Growing Fast
Climate Change & Pollution
harboed | 2012
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PURPOSE Purpose of EST in Indonesia
Facilitating policy dialogue periodically through The Regional EST Forum as strategic platform and medium to exchange and share knowledge about the best practices, policy’s instruments, technology tools, etc which related to EST aspects as affirmed in Aichi Statement Giving help to the region to develop EST strategy based on situation, neccesity, and particular region priority Developing Subtantial relation between Initiative EST Asia and the other relations continuosly in regional and international area, to reach bigger sinergy in various EST sections EST Forum 2013 | 19
Indonesia: GOI Commitment in Emission Reduction Initiative from Indonesian President at G20 meeting in Pittsburgh, USA and Conference of Parties (COP) 15 in Copenhagen December 2009 that Indonesia will reduce emission GHG 26% from Business as Usual and 41% if supported by international support by 2020. The target 26% will be reached from three sectors i.e. • Forestry = 14% • Waste = 6% • Energy = 6% (power plant, industry, transportation (2-3%), household)
GHG National Action Plan National Action Plan on GHG Emission Reduction (Presidential Regulation No. 61/2011)
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Goals & Strategies From The Bangkok Declaration For 2020 Strategies to Shift towards more sustainable modes : Goal 4 : Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) Goal 5 : Improve public transport services Goal 6 : Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Goal 9 : Standards Goal 10 : Inspection and maintenance (I/M) Goal 11 : Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)
Cross-cutting strategies : Goal 15 : Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) Goal 19 : Improve public transport services
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Programs in Supporting Environmentally Sustainable Transport Enhancement of Public Transport Role
Development of Transit system /TOD Development network of mass public transport infrastructure Improvement Intermodality and accessibility public transportation Improvement of Public Transportation Ownership (small bus).
Management and Traffic Engineering
Improvement of road capacity Development ATCS / ITS
Traffic Management Traffic Impact Analysis
Reduction of Pollution and Noise generated from transport operation
Transportation Demand Management
Encouragement of the use of non-motorized vehicles
Gasification
ERP / Road Pricing
Development of pedestrian facility
Promoting of using alternative Energy
Parking Policy
Development of Bicycle Lane
Choice Technology of green transport mode (Electric car, Hybrid) Smart Driving Training
Dis-incentive using private car
Car free day Public Transport Day
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NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR GREEN HOUSES GASES IN TRANSPORTATION SECTOR LAND TRANSPORT
SEA TRANSPORT
AIR TRANSPORT
May be potentially proposed as NAMAs
NAMA s Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actins
RAIL TRANSPORT
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NAMAS IN INDONESIA Bali Action Plan
“Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) by developing country Parties in the context of sustainable development, supported and enabled by technology, financing and capacity-building, in a measurable, reportable and verifiable manner” •
Bali Action Plan on COP13 in 2007
•
Commitment of Indonesian Government on G20 meeting in Pittsburgh 2009 to reduce until 26% and additional 15% with international support until 41% on 2020
•
Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia #61/2011 on the National Action Plan for Greeenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction
•
Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia 71/2011 on Green House Gas Inventory
•
Pilot project on Supported Transport NAMA development supported by GIZ, registered to UNFCCC November 2012 EST Forum 2013 | 24
NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR GREEENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTION •
Considered as Unilateral NAMA
•
Cover land, railway, sea, and air transport
•
Address mitigation actions, objective, period, location, estimated emission reduction, and responsible institution
•
Up to 2012, focused on land and railway transport. Sea and Air transport mitigation actions are under development
•
Emission reduction target from Land Transport 4.752 MtCO2e
•
Measures in land transport includes: •
ITS development
•
Traffic Impact Control
•
Parking management
•
Congestion charging and road pricing
•
BRT or Semi-BRT reform
•
Public transport revitalizaion
•
Smart driving training
•
Non motorized transport development
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PILOT PROJECT ON SUPPORTED NAMA •
Considered as Supported NAMA
•
Registered as “Sustainable Urban Transport Initiative” on November 2012
•
Promote sustainable urban transport in Indonesian Cities
•
Activity covers implementation and monitoring measures
•
The pilot phase is the implementation of low-carbon mobility plans in three cities (Medan, Menado, Batam) as well as supporting activites on national level
•
Timeframe is 8 years started from 2013
•
Estimated full cost of implementation USD $400-800 million
•
Estimated emission reduction 5 MtCO2e
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CONCEPT OF REDUCING EMISSION (INDO SUTRI) Pilot Country : Indonesia Colombia Afrika Selatan
Existing low carbon planning
National
NAMA
RAN-GRK
National urban transport framework
Transport policies and measures
Guidelines Co-financing Capacity building Compile data Approve local plans
Indo - Sutri
Ministry of Transport (e.g. NAMA Administrative Unit)
Pilot City
Local
RAD-GRK
Urban transport Local goverment Local goverment Kota Manado
Transport policies and measures
Comprehensive Kota Medan Comprehensive Comprehensive transport plan transport plan Kota Batam transport plan Implementation P+M implementation P+M implementation Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring EST Forum
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MoU Sigining INDO SUTRI Pilot Project Between Ministry of Transportation and 3 Mayors and governors of Batam, Manado and Medan
NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION ACTION FOR GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTION IN LAND TRANSPORTATION (RAN GRK)
NO. 1
ACTION PLAN ITS development
ACTIVITIES / OBJECTIVES
LOCATION
ITS construction of as many as 13 packages for: • Traffic congestion reduces the level of coordination intersection • Improving coordination between intersections • Giving buses priority at intersections • Modal shifting from private vehicles to public transport
Greater Jakarta: Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi 12 City: Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru, Palembang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Denpasar, Makassar, Balikpapan and Banjarmasin
2
The application of Impact Management - Traffic (Traffic Impact Control / TIC)
The application of Impact Management - Lintas as many as 12 packets
12 City: Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru, Palembang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Denpasar, Makassar, Balikpapan and Banjarmasin
3
Parking Management Application
Implementation of parking management in 12 cities to: Mode reduces share in downtown Reduce the use of private vehicles
12 City: Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru, Palembang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Denpasar, Makassar, Balikpapan and Banjarmasin
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NO ACTION PLAN ACTIVITIES / OBJECTIVES LOCATION RENCANA AKSI NASIONAL PENURUNAN EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA BIDANG Application of Congestion Charging and Road Pricing in 2 cities 2 City: Jakarta and TRANSPORTASI DARAT 4 Application of Congestion Charging and Road Pricing (combined with mass rapid public transport)
to: Mode reduces transport movement in downtown Reduce congestion in the area of traffic restrictions
Surabaya
5
Reform-Bus Rapid Transit System Transit / semi BRT
Implementation of the procurement and distribution of as much as 45 BRT buses / year in 12 Cities
6
Renewal of public transport
Implementation of appropriate public transport fleet upgrade the design of low-emission standards 6,000 units
7
Converter Installation Kit (gasification public transport)
Converter kit installed in taxis and public transportation that uses gasoline to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 25% of 1,000 units / year
8
Training and socialization smart driving (eco-driving)
Implementation of smart driving training and socialization for 50,000 people / year
12 City: Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru, Palembang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Denpasar, Makassar, Balikpapan and Banjarmasin 12 City: Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru, Palembang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Denpasar, Makassar, Balikpapan and Banjarmasin 9 cities: Medan, Palembang, Greater Jakarta, Cilegon, Cirebon, Surabaya, Denpasar, Balikpapan and Sengkang 12 City: Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru, Palembang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Denpasar, Makassar, Balikpapan and Banjarmasin
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RENCANA AKSI NASIONAL PENURUNAN EMISI GAS RUMAH KACA BIDANG TRANSPORTASI DARAT NO
ACTION PLAN
ACTIVITIES / OBJECTIVES
LOCATION
9
Building a Non-Motorized Transport (Pedestrian and bike paths)
Establishment of Non-Motorized Transport in 12 Cities
12 City: Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru, Palembang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Denpasar, Makassar, Balikpapan and Banjarmasin
10
Testing all motor vehicles including private cars and motorcycles
The entire province
11
12
Application of CO2 emission standards for passenger cars Development of logistic system
Implementation of Motor Vehicle Inspection (CLA) for city / district. who do not have a collective unit Implementation of all motor vehicle testing every year so that all vehicles that do not meet emission limits, can not operate in the way Implementation of the application of CO2 emission standards begin to be applied to new vehicles in Indonesia Implementation of modern logistic system 9 package (1 year 1 package) to reduce the number of trips KM
13
Application of Car Labeling
14
Speed limits on highways
Implementation of labeling to all new vehicles according to fuel consumption (per 100 km) and CO2 emissions (in g / km) Implementation of speed limits on all road tolls to reduce emissions by 0.07 million tons of CO2
The entire province
12 City: Medan, Padang, Pekanbaru, Palembang, Bandung, Semarang, Yogyakarta, Surabaya, Denpasar, Makassar, Balikpapan and Banjarmasin The entire province The entire province
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THANK YOU Ministry of Transportation Telp. : (+6221) 3517608 Email :
[email protected]
Location Location
International
Archipelogic Country
In term of geography Indonesia is part of South East Asia, part of East Asia and is located in larger of Asia Pasific Region, where a number of high income advance economies with high technologies; Indonesia, lying between the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. It is in a strategic location astride or along major sealanes from Indian Ocean to Pasific Ocean; Indonesia is an archipelagic country extending 5,120 km from East to West and 1,760 Km from North to South. It compasses an estimated 17,508 island, only 6,000 of which are inhabited; It comprises 5 main islands Sumatera, Jawa, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua and 2 major archipelagos (Nusa Tenggara and Maluku);
Indonesia Characteristic
According to the 2010 national census, the population of Indonesia is 237,6 million with population growth 1,9% and 58% of the population lived on Jawa (136,6 million) 21,3% lived on Sumatera (50,6 million); Urban National
Rural
Urban population refer to people living in urban areas 49,79% (118,320,256 people) in 2010 tends to growing up. People living in rural areas 50,21% (119,321,070 people) in 2010 tends to decrease. In 1950, 15% of Indonesia’s population lived in in urban areas, in 1990 this number doubled up to 30% and in 2010 become 49,79% where urbanization increased tremendously.
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Indonesia Transportation Characteristic (1) International
International
International transportation system have been supported the growing demands of international trade and the globalization of production and consumption since containers and intermodal transportation improve the efficiency of global distribution, a growing share of general cargo moving globally is containerized. Two transportation modes are specifically supporting globalization and international trade; maritime and air transportation. Road and railways tend to account for a marginal share of international transportation since there are all modes for national or regional transport services;
Indonesia Transportation Characteristic
In term of weight, about 96% of the world trade is carried by maritime transportation. A large share of trade is handled by large containership linking producers and consumers along sealanes;
National
Globalization has been supported and expended by the development of modern transport system, from large containership to small delivery tracks the whole distribution system has become closely integrated linking manufacturing activities with global markets; Congestion in many international transport terminal such ports and airports often causes delays and unreliable deliveries and need for improving inland transportation system;
EST Forum 2013 | 34
Indonesia Transportation Characteristic (2) National
Indonesia’s transport system has been shaped overtime by the economic resources base of an archipelagic with thousand island and distribution more than 200 million people lived in 6000 thousand island and concentrated in 5 islands (Jawa, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua) and 2 majors archipelagos (Nusa Tenggara and Maluku);
Indonesia from long time ago international port and air port in located already in big city such as Jakarta, Surabaya, Medan, Makassar, etc. In the same time the city it self growing fast pararel with growth of people lived in the city including urbanization, congestion in many international and national ports and airports often causes delays and unreliable deliveries also acute needs for improving inland transportation system;
Air Transportation’s share of world trade in goods is only 2% measured by weight but more than 40% by value. For International opeations freight can account to 45% of the revenue of the regular airlane. Air cargo related to time sensitive, valuable or perishable freight carrier over long distances;
There are four unconnected railways networks in Jawa and Sumatera dedicated for marily to transport bulk commodities and long dictance passenger traffic. Sea transport is extremely important for economic integration and for domestic and foreign trade. It is will developed with each of major islands having at least one port city.
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ENERGY CONSUMPTION (SNC, 2010)
others 5%
commercial 4%
household 13% Industry 48% Transportation 31%
The growth rate is + 3,1% per year
EST Forum 2013 | 36
PERCENTAGE OF EMISSIONS IN INDONESIA
Source : SNC, 2010
EST Forum 2013 | 37
EMISSIONS FROM EACH MODE TRANSPORTATION air 4% sea 6% railway 1%
land 89%
38EST
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5/1/2013
Statistic Mode Of Transport Tahun
Mobil Penumpang
Bis
Truk
Sepeda Motor
Jumlah
1987
1,170,103
303,378
953,694
5,554,305
7,981,480
1988
1,073,106
385,731
892,651
5,419,531
7,771,019
1989
1,182,253
434,903
952,391
5,722,291
8,291,838
1990
1,313,210
468,550
1,024,296
6,082,966
8,889,022
1991
1,494,607
504,720
1,087,940
6,494,871
9,582,138
1992
1,590,750
539,943
1,126,262
6,941,000
10,197,955
1993
1,700,454
568,490
1,160,539
7,355,114
10,784,597
1994
1,890,340
651,608
1,251,986
8,134,903
11,928,837
1995
2,107,299
688,525
1,336,177
9,076,831
13,208,832
1996
2,409,088
595,419
1,434,783
10,090,805
14,530,095
1997
2,639,523
611,402
1,548,397
11,735,797
16,535,119
1998
2,769,375
626,680
1,586,721
12,628,991
17,611,767
1999*)
2,897,803
644,667
1,628,531
13,053,148
18,224,149
2000
3,038,913
666,280
1,707,134
13,563,017
18,975,344
2001
3,189,319
680,550
1,777,293
15,275,073
20,922,235
2002
3,403,433
714,222
1,865,398
17,002,130
22,985,183
2003
3,792,510
798,079
2,047,022
19,976,376
26,613,987
2004
4,231,901
933,251
2,315,781
23,061,021
30,541,954
2005
5,076,230
1,110,255
2,875,116
28,531,831
37,623,432
2006
6,035,291
1,350,047
3,398,956
32,528,758
43,313,052
2007
6,877,229
1,736,087
4,234,236
41,955,128
54,802,680
2008
7,489,852
2,059,187
4,452,343
47,683,681
61,685,063
2009
7,910,407
2,160,973
4,452,343
52,767,093
67,336,644
2010
8,891,041
2,250,109
4,687,789
61,078,188
76,907,127
2011
9,548,866
2,254,406
4,958,738
68,839,341
85,601,351
ENERGY CONSUMTION FOR TRANSPORT (.000 SBM) PER EACH TYPE, 2005 - 2011
EMISSION CO2 (.000 TON) FROM VEHICLE PER EACH PROVINCE, 2000 – 2007
Source : Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup, Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Dalam Angka -2009 Dihitung berdasarkan rata-rata konsumsi premium dan solar per provinsi dikalikan dengan faktor emisi
JAKARTA CASE : INTEGRATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM WITH LAND USE
Source : JICA, 2004
MAIN TRENDS AND TRANSPORTATION SECTOR DEVELOPMENT & IMPACT Jabodetabek
Macet Serius Tahun 2020 (Sitramp) 43
Source : JICA, 2004
INCREASING DEMANDS FOR COMMUTER TRAFFIC AROUND THE OUTSKIRTS OF JAKARTA
Source : JICA, 2004
Metropolitan Priority Area (MPA) Jabodetabek Vision 2030
Sumber : MPA Steering Committee, 2011 46
METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT AS THE LATEST AND MODERN METROPOLITAN Planned infrastructure cover: Other Facilities:
Compact and integrated residential
Integrated public transport system
Multi function open space @ 5 Ha
-
Health Education Offices Religion Commercial Urban Tourism Social
ICT, Drainage, Sewerage, Water
31.01.2013
metropolitan.jabarprov.go.id
47
Infrastructure Development Plan at Metropolitan Bodebek Karpur, based on:
2030
RTRW Kab/Kota
Kota Bogor | 2011-2031 Kota Depok | 2012-2032 Kota Bekasi | 2011-2031 Kabupaten Bogor | 2005-2025 Kabupaten Bekasi | 2011-2031 Kabupaten Karawang | 2010-2030 Kabupaten Purwakarta
Jabodetabek Urban Transportation Policy Integration (JUTPI)
RTRW Provinsi
2009-2029
Jawa Barat
Metropolitan Priority Area (MPA)
2030 5/1/2013
metropolitan.jabarprov.go.id
48
AGLOMERATION IN WEST JAVA METROPOLITAN BODEBEK KARPUR
Growth Center Palabuhan Ratu
METROPOLITAN BANDUNG RAYA
METROPOLITAN CIREBON RAYA
Growth Center Pangandaran
49
METROPOLITAN BODEBEK KARPUR 2010 Kriteria: 1. Jumlah Penduduk 2. Aktivitas Ekonomi 3. Daerah Terbangun 7 kota/ kabupaten 82 kecamatan populasi 11,6 juta jiwa 300.845 Ha Terdiri atas 12 kecamatan di Kota Bekasi; 2.336.489 jiwa; 21.565 Ha 19 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bekasi; 2.358.560 jiwa; 92.160 Ha 6 kecamatan di Kota Bogor; 949,066 jiwa; 11.771 Ha 17 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor; 2,704,623 jiwa; 88.004 Ha 11 kecamatan di Kota Depok; 1.736.565 jiwa; 20.308 Ha 6 kecamatan di Kabupaten Purwakarta; 439.583 jiwa; 21.238 Ha 11 kecamatan di Kabupaten Karawang; 1.084.637 jiwa; 45.799 Ha Sumber: Analisis WJP-MDM 2011, SP 2010, GIS Bappeda Jabar 2010
METROPOLITAN BODEBEK KARPUR 2015 Kriteria: 1. Jumlah Penduduk 2. Aktivitas Ekonomi 3. Daerah Terbangun 7 kota/ kabupaten 83 kecamatan populasi 14,3 juta jiwa 310.753 Ha Terdiri atas 12 kecamatan di Kota Bekasi; 2.863.873 jiwa; 21.564.88 Ha 19 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bekasi; 2.890.926 jiwa; 92.159.94 Ha 6 kecamatan di Kota Bogor; 1.163.873jiwa; 11.770.99 Ha 17 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor; 3.315.101 jiwa; 88.003,91 Ha 11 kecamatan di Kota Depok; 2.128.536 jiwa; 20.308,37 Ha 7 kecamatan di Kabupaten Purwakarta; 605.936 jiwa; 31.145,63 Ha 11 kecamatan di Kabupaten Karawang; 1.329.457 jiwa; 45.799,44 Ha Sumber: Analisis WJP-MDM 2011, SP 2010, GIS Bappeda Jabar 2010
METROPOLITAN BODEBEK KARPUR 2020 Kriteria: 1. Jumlah Penduduk 2. Aktivitas Ekonomi 3. Daerah Terbangun 7 kota/ kabupaten 103 kecamatan populasi 18,36 juta jiwa 450.924 Ha Terdiri atas 12 kecamatan di Kota Bekasi; 3.383.074 jiwa; 21.565 Ha 23 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bekasi; 3.731.000 jiwa; 126.471 Ha 6 kecamatan di Kota Bogor; 1.374.182 jiwa; 11.771 Ha 21 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor; 4.275.259 jiwa; 114.753 Ha 11 kecamatan di Kota Depok; 2.514.426 jiwa; 20.308 Ha 11 kecamatan di Kabupaten Purwakarta; 885.171 jiwa; 56.525 Ha 19 kecamatan di Kabupaten Karawang; 2.192.067 jiwa; 99.531 Ha Sumber: Analisis WJP-MDM 2011, SP 2010, GIS Bappeda Jabar 2010
METROPOLITAN BODEBEK KARPUR 2025 Kriteria: 1. Jumlah Penduduk 2. Aktivitas Ekonomi 3. Daerah Terbangun 7 kota/ kabupaten 111 kecamatan populasi 23,16 juta jiwa 503.634 Ha Terdiri atas 12 kecamatan di Kota Bekasi; 4.061.625 jiwa; 21.565 Ha 23 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bekasi; 4.479.335 jiwa; 126.471 Ha 6 kecamatan di Kota Bogor; 1.649.804 jiwa; 11.771 Ha 25 kecamatan di Kabupaten Bogor; 5.933.750 jiwa; 138.488 Ha 11 kecamatan di Kota Depok; 3.018.750 jiwa; 20.308 Ha 14 kecamatan di Kabupaten Purwakarta; 1.296.950 jiwa; 79.793 Ha 20 kecamatan di Kabupaten Karawang; 2,720,472 jiwa; 105.238 Ha Sumber: Analisis WJP-MDM 2011, SP 2010, GIS Bappeda Jabar 2010
Infrastructure Development Metropolitan B Bodebek RENCANA STRUKTUR RUANGPlan METROPOLITAN ODEBEK Karpur KARPUR Based on Spatial Plan Kabupaten/Kota BERDASARKAN RTRW KABUPATEN/KOTA
KETERANGAN
Rencana Jalan Arteri Primer Rencana Jalan Kolektor Primer Rencana Jalan Kolektor Sekunder Rencana Rel Kereta Api Rencana Jalan Tol (JUTPI)
5/1/2013
metropolitan.jabarprov.go.id
54
Infrastructure Development Plan Metropolitan STRUKTUR RUANG METROPOLITAN BODEBEK KBodebek ARPUR Karpur Based on Spatial Plan Kabupaten/Kota
BERDASARKAN RTRW KABUPATEN/KOTA & RTRW PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
KETERANGAN
Rencana Jalan Arteri Primer Rencana Jalan Kolektor Primer Rencana Jalan Kolektor Sekunder Rencana Rel Kereta Api Rencana Jalan Tol (JUTPI)
5/1/2013
metropolitan.jabarprov.go.id
55
Infrastructure Development Plan Metropolitan STRUKTUR RUANG METROPOLITAN BODEBEK KBodebek ARPUR Karpur
Based on Spatial Plan Kabupaten/Kota, Spatial Plan West Java Province, & Metropolitan Priority BERDASARKAN RTRW KABUPATEN/KOTA, RTRW PROVINSI JAWA BARAT, DAN Area (MPA)
MPA
KETERANGAN
Rencana Jalan Arteri Primer Rencana Jalan Kolektor Primer Rencana Jalan Kolektor Sekunder Rencana Rel Kereta Api Rencana Jalan Tol (JUTPI)
5/1/2013
metropolitan.jabarprov.go.id
56
Infrastructure Development Plan Metropolitan STRUKTUR RUANG METROPOLITAN BODEBEK KBodebek ARPUR Karpur
Based on Spatial Plan Kabupaten/Kota, Spatial Plan West Java Province, & Metropolitan Priority BERDASARKAN RTRW KABUPATEN/KOTA, RTRW PROVINSI JAWA BARAT, MPA, Area (MPA)
& JUTPI
KETERANGAN
Rencana Jalan Arteri Primer Rencana Jalan Kolektor Primer Rencana Jalan Kolektor Sekunder Rencana Rel Kereta Api Rencana Jalan Tol (JUTPI)
5/1/2013
metropolitan.jabarprov.go.id
57
Initiative #1: Bus Rapid Transit There are 14 cities that have implemented transit system in Indonesia
Manado
Batam
Pekanbaru
Gorontalo Palembang Jakarta Tangerang
Bogor
Semarang
Bandung 2004 2005
Yogyakarta
2008
Ambon
Denpasar Surakarta
2009 2010 2011
Source: MoT, 2011
EST Forum 2013 | 58
Initiative #2: Urban Railway Revitalization Medan
Jabodetabek
Bandung
Surabaya
30km
Source: MoT, 2011
59
Initiative #3: Gasification
Source: MoT, 2011
EST Forum 2013 | 60
Initiative #4: ITS 1. Optimization of traffic management (ATCS)
3. Support for pedestrians
2. Electronic Toll Collection
4. Support for public transport (BRT Priority)
EST Forum 2013 | 61
Initiative #5: Encouragement of the use of nonmotorized vehicles 1. Through infrastructure development:
Development of pedestrian facilities, bike lanes, and facilities for disabled persons in DKI Jakarta, Bandung, Palembang, Pekanbaru and Balikpapan
2. Through socialization to raise awareness of public transport. A few programs have been implemented:
Training on Smart Driving Target: public transport operator Purpose: energy saving, safety and emission reduction. Public Transportation Day First operation on Mei 2011. Purpose: To encourage the using of public transport and to reduce the using of private car. Socialization on Urban Transport Impact Handling Purpose: To encourage the implementation of Environmentally Sustainable Transport and to socialize Government Regulation on Traffic Impact Control and Transport Demand Management to the local government. 62
Initiative #6: Monitoring of Air Quality Air quality, especially in roadsides, in 26 cities in Indonesia is currently being monitored Nilai rata-rata Pb (Kota) 0.016
Average lead concentration
0.014
0.012
0.01
0.008
0.006
0.004
2007
Tangerang
Jakarta Utara
Jakarta Timur
Jakarta Selatan
Jakarta Barat
Jakarta Pusat
Depok
Bekasi
Sorong
Pontianak
Pekanbaru
Pangkalpinang
Palu
Padang
Palangkaraya
Manado
Mataram
Kupang
Kendari
Jayapura
Jambi
Jabodetabek
Gorontalo
Batam
2008
Bengkulu
Banjarmasin
Bandar Lampung
Balikpapan
Banda Aceh
Ambon
Yogyakarta
Surabaya
Semarang
Medan
Makasar
Denpasar
Bandung
0
Palembang
0.002
BAKU M UTU
Since June 2006 leaded gasoline has been phased out in Indonesia. This will allow the use of after-treatment control technology for gasoline vehicles to meet Euro 2 emissions standards. According to the auto industry associations, 24% of new cars sold in Indonesia in 2006 met Euro 2 standards, while in 2007 all new gasoline vehicles and motorcycles sold in Indonesia complied with Euro 2 standards. EST Forum 2013 | 63
