HT Eurep Electronic
Nové možnosti testovacích programovacích nástrojů JTAG
Ing. Richard Pospíšil
[email protected] 1
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Konference EVV 2011 7.6.2011 07/06/2011
Agenda -
2
Pár slov o firmě Testování a diagnostika Boundary scan Produkty JTAG Technologies
Copyright 2007, JTAG Technologies ©
07/06/2011
HT-Eurep Electronic
www.hte.cz
Založen 1995 Činnost Elektronické součástky Zastoupení firem a distribuce jejich produktů Technická podpora, literatura,…
Vývojové prostředky pro elektroniku Překladače, emulátory Testovací systémy, programátory
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07/06/2011
Komponenty
Dallas/Maxim
Silicon Laboratories Alliance Memory Brilliance Semi Supertex …
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Vývojové prostředky
Keil IAR Systems JTAG SMH Technology …
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07/06/2011
Problémy při testování V současných složitých výrobních prostředích se stává obtížnější detekce a diagnostika strukturálních chyb, zvláště u vícevrstvých PCB, kde je omezený přístup k testovaným oblastem. -
Miniaturizace pouzder např. BGA, CSP, FCA atd. Vyšší hustota propojení (včetně vnitřních prokovů a mikropropojů) Tradiční testovací body mají dnes velikost pasivních komponent. Vyvedení všech signálů na povrch PCB je již téměř nemožné. Vliv lead-free technologie na strategie testování.
Nezbývá dost místa na testovací body pro ICT. Testovací body musí být menší a jejich počet snížen na nejmenší možný. 6
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TECHNOLOGICKÉ TRENDY - Zvyšování počtu vývodů
- Menší rozměr vývodů - Menší rozteč vývodů - Miniaturizace PCB a vodivých cest - Nové technologie - Surface mount / Fine Pitch - Multi-Chip-Moduly (MCM) - Chip-on-Board (COB) - QFP, BGA, µBGA, CSP - Flip-chip-attach (FCA) - System-in/on-package (SIP) 7
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TRENDY POUZDŘENÍ Hidden Joint Trend (package volume) For All High Pin Count Packages With IO >50
30000
80.00% 70.00%
25000
60.00% millions of units
20000
50.00%
15000 10000 5000 QFP
BGA
20 mm
30.00%
Hidden
10.00%
0
0.00% 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
TAB
15 mm
COB CSP
8
Visible
20.00%
30 mm
10 mm (.4 in.)
40.00%
FC
Změny velikosti pouzder a posun do oblasti použití typu BGA apod. vede ke snižování možnosti zjištění chyb jak pomocí ICT, AOI, tak i vizuální kontrolou
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07/06/2011
% Hidden
Solder
• • • • •
X-Ray ( bez napájení) Insufficient Excess Cold Solder Marginal Joints Voids
• Extra Part • Bridging • Tombstone • Misaligned
In-Circuit
Electrical
•
Polarity (PCAP)
• • • •
Missing Gross Shorts Lifted Leads Bent Leads
• Shorts • Open • Inverted • Wrong Part
• Polarity
AOI (bez napájení) Placement 9
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• • • • •
07/06/2011
Dead Part Bad Part In-System Programming Functionally Bad Short/Open on PCB
JTAG • At-speed memory tests • At-speed interconnect • Gate level diagnosis • Fault Insertion
VLIV LEAD-FREE PÁJENÍ NA TESTOVÁNÍ
Dopad většího množství zbytku tavidla - Vznik přechodového odporu na sondách: - Nové invazivnější tvary kontaktů - Agresívnější čištění - Kratší intervaly výměny sond - Opakované testování
Lead free pájené spoje přerušené - Nadměrným průhybem na testeru - Ostrými hroty sond - Vícečetným atakováním FPT
Problémy při opravách - Vysoká teplota přetavení : - Poškození součástky a/nebo PCB - Přerušení nebo zkrat u jiných komponent
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Boundary scan IEEE 1149.1
Použití boundary-scan jako alternativní testovací strategie : -
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Poskytuje velké testovací pokrytí i složitých PCB návrhů Nabízí krátký vývojový cyklus testovacích postupů (bez přípravků). Nízké náklady. Má velké diagnostické rozlišení. Poskytuje infrastrukturu pro podporu in-system konfigurace. Podporuje analýzu testovatelnosti ještě před návrhem PCB, určením boundary-scan propojení, která nepotřebují testovací body.
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BOUNDARY-SCAN PŘEHLED (ARCHITEKTURA V OBVODU) Silicon nails
Data Register
Physical nails
Shift-DR Shift Bypass Shift IR
Internal Core Logic
M U X
TDI TDI
Bypass Identification Instruction
TCK TMS TRST
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TAP Controller
07/06/2011
M U X
TDO TDO
PRINCIP PŘÍKAZU “EXTEST”
0 X
0
1
0
1
X
0
X
0
X
1
TDI
0
1
X
0
X
0
X
1
X
TDO
TDI
TDO EXTEST
TMS
1
EXTEST
TRST*
TRST*
Data Register Shift Output after Update and Capture phases :TDI =>XXXX0101001 1001010XXXX=> TDO
TCK
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BOUNDARY-SCAN POKRYTÍ CHYB 0 driver 1
0 sensor 1
D
S
EXTEST mód: pokrytí je: scancell - driver - bondwire - vývod – pájený spoj - propojení pájený spoj - vývod - bondwire - senzor - scancell
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IMPLEMENTACE NA ÚROVNI PCB TORS
SCAN BUFFERS
DRAM SRAM EDRAM
CONNEC
MICRO
FLASH
cPLD
TAP 2
or FPGA NON-SCAN BUFFERS
TAP 1
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MEMOR I ES
EDGE
JTAG TEST & ISP CONTROLLER
PF 2111 DIOS DIGITAL I/O SCAN MODULE
CLUSTER
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BOUNDARY-SCAN „BEZPŘÍPRAVKOVÉ“ TESTOVÁNÍ
Schematic Capture
Device design Netlist & B.O.M
ATPG
In-Circuit or Functional Test 16
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TPG 07/06/2011
IN-SYSTEM KONFIGURACE CPLD & FPGA
core logic
TDI
TDI
Bypass
core logic
TDO
TDI
Identification
TCK
TDO
Device 1
TCK
Bypass Identification
Instruction TMS
TAP Controller
TDI
Identification
Instruction TMS
Bypass
core logic
Instruction TMS
TAP Controller
TCK
Device 2
TAP Controller
Device 3
TMS
TCK
q In-System konfigurace již zapájených obvodů (odpadá potřeba skladovat předprogramované obvody). q SRAM-based např. CPLD a FPGA konfigurované pomocí specifických registrů – ostatní v BYPASS/HIGHZ. q Nový standard IEEE 1532 - in-system konfigurace. 17
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TDO
TDO
IN-SYSTEM KONFIGURACE FLASH PAMĚTÍ POMOCÍ 1149.1 “EXTEST”
DATA
BOUNDARY BOUNDARY SCAN DEVICE SCAN DEVICE
FLASH FLASH
DATA
MEMORY MEMORY ADDRESS
PC PC
ADDRESS
TAP
TAP CONTROLLER CONTROLLER POD POD
TDI TDO TMS TCK
Control
TAP
HIZ
TAP WE WE RDY/BUSY RDY/BUSY Vpp Vpp
Board - under - Test
Data, adresa a kontrolní signály přístupné přes boundary-scan data registry a bscan device v EXTEST modu. Flash programovací signály, jako WE, RDY/BUSY a VPP řízeny diskrétními IO piny z testovacího interface POD 18
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INTEGRACE BOUNDARY-SCAN A ICT
-
Obnova zájmu výrobců o integraci third-party boundary-scan přístrojů a software do komerčně dostupných in-circuit test platform.
-
Boundary-scan a ICT jsou doplňkové testovací metody, jejich kombinace často nabízí optimální testovací strategii s minimálními náklady a maximálním pokrytí chyb.
-
Vzájemná spolupráce third-party boundary-scan s ATE výrobci je klíčová pro přípravu optimálního řešení pro různé požadavky zákazníků
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Production
Stand Alone
Application Development
Test Application Data
• Test • FLASH • PLD
Functional Test
ICT
Application Validation FPT
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Products • • • • •
Development SW: JTAG ProVision Classic HSL JTAG Visualizer
• • • • •
Hardware: Controllers Embedded Tester Module IO Modules Tap Communicator
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• • • •
07/06/2011
Production Alternatives: Stand Alone Functional Test ICT & FP integrations
JTAG ProVision
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Basic Structure Explorers View & manipulate settings
Design Data
Viewers
Project Database
See results
Generators Automatic Appl. Gener.
Models
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Project Explorer
Detailed Structure
Netlist Explorer B2B Con Editor
Netlist
TAP Con Editor Test/Flash/PLD Compilers
Device Mngr
Map(s)
Project Database
Test/Flash/PLD Executors
JT 37xx
Viewer TTR
Target
Models
Test Generation & Fault Coverage
BSDL
Flash Generation
Model Editor Model Wizard 24
PLD Generation Project Wizard
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Visualizer
Appl.Wizard
Viewer BSD
Help Site
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Net and Device Explorer
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Coverage report
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Device Type Manager
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Models for non-Bscan devices • • • • • • • • • • • • •
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Used to: Enable / disable devices automatically in case Bscan access is provided Determine if a safe state for each net on the board can be accomplished Calculate Bscan access up to 10 levels deep through transparent devices like buffers and combinatorial logic Generate cluster test if non Bscan component pins are accessible by surrounding Bscan devices (CD12) Generate memory cluster tests (CD12) Features: Models are in binary format Model library provided with JTAG ProVision Model Editor to create / modify models for Passives and Logic Model IBIS import capabilities ABEL used for describing functionality of non Bscan device Models for memory devices are supplied by JTAG Technologies
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Truth Table Reporter
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Diagnostics
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Board 2 Board Connections • • •
Connectors on the same boards Between a board and a DIOS Between different boards
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Connecting the TAP’s • •
• • • •
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Direct connections Switch Controller TAP’s and Board Tap’s Between connectors on the same board
TAP Extenders Streamed Chains System level devices TAP Communicator
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Benefits •
Minimal boundary-scan knowledge needed
•
Minimal knowledge of design needed
•
Minimal Learning curve
•
Minimal Application Development Time
•
Re-use model information for other projects
•
Applicable to single board and multi board designs
•
All information visible, nothing hidden
•
Netlist(s) are not modified
•
Infra might differ for every application
•
Can be used with existing production stations
•
Does generate input information for Visualizer
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Achieved level of Automation • • • • •
Automatic recognition of boundary-scan chain topology Automatic recognition of device types; scan and non-scan Automatic setting of devices as needed for an application Automatic board settings based on device models (disable buffer, transparent R, parallel R, …) Manual override settings at device and net level possible
If models are available for all device types on a PCB, then generation is a push button operation
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Controllers
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Controllers Sustained TCK Number of TAP’s Form Factor
JT3705
JT3705/USB
JT3707
JT3717
JT3727
»100 kHZ
100Hz - 6Mhz
40MHZ
40MHZ
40MHZ
2
2
4
4
4
Parallel
USB
PCI/PXI
PCI/PXI
PCI//PXI
Burst
USB2/Ether. /FW
Port
USB2/Ether. /FW USB2/Ether. /FW
ETT (Enhanced Throughput Technology)
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Gang Test & FLASH
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Option
Option
Yes
Yes
Yes
3v3
In 1v5 – 3v6
5v Tolerant
Out 0 – 4v1
Yes
Yes
Yes
SW Static I/O Control
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Long TAP Cables
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Image Buffer
No
No
No
64Mbit
128Mbit
Max FLASH Width
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
256bit
256bit
AutoWrite SW Variable Thresholds
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JT 3705 / USB
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JT 37x7/TSI
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Production Alternatives
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Stand-alone PIP Packages •
•
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Software – PSA – PIP/TS – PIP/LV – PIP/LW – PIP/VB – PIP/DLL – PIP/EXE
Production Stand Alone TestStand LabView LabWindows Visual Basic DLL Executables
Hardware – All JTAG Technologies controllers
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One development environment for all test methods Production Application development • Test • FLASH • PLD
Stand alone
Application data
F-Tester
Application validation
ICT
FPT
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JTAG Integration with ICT & Flying Probe Testers
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2 Types of Products •
Symphony Products:
– Sold by JTAG Technologies – Supported by JTAG Technologies + Local test services provider •
OEM products:
– –
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Sold by OEM Supported 1st line by OEM; 2nd line by JTAG Technologies
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Overview of Product Updates JTAG Live parts
New Hardware
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JTAG ProVision: -
JFT: JTAG Functional Test 2010 Best in Test Award Winner
- Buzz added to ProVision - Differential pins and nets included in interconnect test - NAND Flash generation; new application type - MDOC added; new application type - Serial memories (generation) - Simplified instrument settings - Support for JT 2149/MPV added - Various problems fixed -…
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uP with Embedded Flash (see Spec Sheet) ü Type of Solution: ü
Prog:
•
•
• R2R
Ready-to-Run; no customer application dev needed
• R2R + PA
R2R plus Programming Adapter
• Exe
Special executable; no customer application dev needed
• 1532 + util
Application development using JTAG ProVision / Pld
Library: • PV models
Application dev using JTAG ProVision / Flash
• APL templ.
Application dev using JTAG ProVision / Flash
AVRSVF from Atmel: • SVF file
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With other devices in Bypass R2R, else Application development using JTAG ProVision / Pld
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New Hardware ü ü
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JT 2149 / eMPV - 001 Further completed range of DIMM STM modules. The following STM modules are now available:
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Cluster Testing Alternatives
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Cluster from Boundary-scan technology point of view
From point of view of boundary-scan technology “cluster” is single or group of non-boundary-scan devices (in other words – devices which don’t support IEEE 1149.1std.) TDI
TDO
FPGA
CPLD
However, most of cluster interconnections can be tested by using boundaryscan technology 50
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DSP
CLUSTER
07/06/2011
FPGA
Cluster Types •
Transparent – “Output = Input”
•
Combinatorial – Output direct function of Inputs
•
Sequential – Output function of Inputs and History (State)
•
Memory
– Output function of what was previously stored •
Mixed Signal – Circuit containing a mix of analog and digital signals
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Cluster Test Tools •
All cluster types are supported by: – ActiveTest (interactive; no diagnostics) – JFT
(coded by user; diagnostics may be part of user code)
•
(In the case of mixed signal clusters this can for example mean run ActiveTest step by step and read analog value from a multimeter)
•
Special, automated tools are available for
– Transparent devices – Combinatorial logic clusters – Memory clusters •
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These special tools automatically generate the test and pin-level diagnostics is available
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Transparent Devices •
Natural description as interconnect (“Output = Input”) – Examples: Buffers, Multiplexers, Jumpers, Series-R’s – Pull-Up / Pull-Down R’s
•
Best supported by automatic Tools: – PV / Model
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Combinatorial Cluster •
Natural description by means of a truth table (vectors)
Inputs
•
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Outputs
Best supported by automatic Tools: – PV / Model
(single device)
– PV / SLF, SDF
(single, or mutliple devices)
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Memory Cluster (mem, reg, FIFO) •
Natural description by – Control cycle, Addressbus, Databus
•
– Read:
Data := [ Address ]
– Write:
[ Address ] := Data
Best supported by automatic Tools: – PV / Model (single device) – PV / MCD
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(single, or mutliple devices)
07/06/2011
Sequential Cluster •
Natural description by variables and flow control (loop contructs, etc.)
•
Constructs like If ... Then ... Else ; While ... ; Repeat ...; For ...
•
Beste supported by Tools: – PV / JFT
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Mixed Signal Cluster •
Requires representation of analog values and/or control of analog instruments in combination with boundary-scan
•
Natural description by “scripting”
•
Beste supported by Tools: – PV / JFT
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Summary Cluster Type
Suggested ProVision tool (see notes)
Diagnostics
Transparent Buf, Mux, Jmp, R
Autogen interconnect, Model
Yes, Auto generated
Pull-up / down R
Autogen interconnect, Model
Yes, Auto generated
1 logic device
Autogen, Model
Yes, Auto generated
1 or more devices
Autogen, SLF, SDF, Dic (files man. created)
Yes, based on dic file
Autogen, Model
Yes, Auto generated
Autogen, MCD
Yes, Auto generated
Sequential
JFT
If coded in Py module
Mixed signal
JFT
If coded in Py module
Combinatorial
Memory
Notes: 1. ActiveTest can be used for all types of clusters. No diagnostics 2. JFT can be used for all types of clusters. Diagnostics may be part of user code. 58
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