11/6/2012
Hortikultura Lanjutan Topik # 2 Matching plants to Land for Commercially Successful Development and Orchard Health Management L. Setyobudi 2012
11/6/2012
L. SETYOBUDI, PhD.
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Methodologi for matching plants to Land for Commercially Successful Development • FAO ECOCROP 1 : Database Models to select potential Horticultural plant adaptability level to environment (http://ecocrop.fao.org) • FAO ECOCROP : Database Model to see the response level Horticultural plant adaptability level to environment
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Decision tree for Defining Horticulture Crops for Successful Commercial Development Crop Potential Use agroecological criteria by region (Watson & Moncur 1985 for fruit) Use criteria to screen (Cull 1984, for fruit)
What will grow where
Crop (List 1) For each Location
Crops with Good Economic Potential Crop (List 2)
Screen against national priorities Screen on additional agroecological, techni cal & socio economic criteria Use farming systems as screen to consider opportunities & technical constrain
FAO ECOCROP 1 package (veg & flower
Screen for infrastr ucture constra ints
Crop (List 6) For each Location
Screen/use crop gross margins & conduct risk analysis
Screen for agribusiness opportunities & constraints
Final Crop List for each Location & Location profile
Plug in environmental constraints for individual crops
Sub Project Feasibility Studies Final Crop & Sub Project List
Crop (List 3) Support services & infrastructure
Crop (List 4) For each Location Crop (List 5) For each Location
Define opportunities & technical constraints/problems
Investment Package / Business Plans
for each crop as further screen & address R & D issues
R&D Program
Extension Program
Crop specific technology packages
Peta wilayah kesesuaian lahan AEZ sawit
Prioritas nasional komoditas hortikultura berdasarkan institusi pemerintah dan swasta • Direktorat Jenderal Hortikultura: Mangga, Jeruk, Manggis, Pisang, Durian, Rambutan, Nenas • Pusat Penelitian Hortikultura (Balitbang Deptan): Mangga, Jeruk, Salak, Manggis, Pisang • LIPI: Mangga, Jeruk, Salak, Manggis, Duku • KADIN: Mangga, Jeruk, Salak, Manggis, Pisang, Durian, Rambutan, Markisa, Guava, Nenas, Sirsak, Belimbing, Papaya, Nangka
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What tropical fruit will grow where? • Developing new tropical fruits in new region is a 2-step process: – A potential list of fruits: Matching fruits to new Agroecological Zones (Warm-sub/humid tropic based on FAO-AEZ land inventory, Length of Growing Period /LGP, Soils information in the FAO-AEZ land inventory based on FAO-UNESCO Soil Map of the World (Anonimous, 1992) – Commercial value of fruits: Potential list for commercially Succesful development in a given region
Step 1: Potential list of Crop to AEZ 1. Define the study region 2. Define the AEZ of the study region (Anonimous, 1992) 3. Define the broad farming systems of the study region (local description) 4. Examine the broad terms, the soils of the region (Chapman, 1994; Anonimous, 1992) 5. Use the climatic sieve to define potential tree fruit crops (local climatic data) 6. Determine water supply and the long term irrigation requirement for the region (local climatic data) 7. Examine: slope aspect, wind and relative humidity consideration for the region (local topography and climatic data)
Step 2: Commercial value of fruits 1. Generate a potential list of fruit species 2. Apply selection criteria to determine commercial (economic) potential of potential species 3. Develop specific criteria for determining Commercial Success of tropical fruits in a given location/region and apply to the list of crops with good Commercial Potential. Apply Liebig’s Law of the Minimum. 4. Define Development Opportunities and Potential Problems/Constraints of fruits/crops most likely to be commercially successful in a given region 5. If appropriate, list general key extension points required to ensure commercial success of tree fruits in a given region (usually an essential step in developing countries)
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11/6/2012
10/28/2012
LSB HORTLANJUT
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KOMPONEN DAN FAKTOR DALAM SISTEM PRODUKSI BUAH (Setyobudi, 1990) PERBANYAKAN BATANG AT AS
SELEKSI POHON INDUK DAN PERBAIKAN VARITAS
PERBANYAKAN DAN PENYEDIAAN BIBIT
PERBANYAKAN BATANG BAWAH
PEMULIAAN DAN PEMBIBITAN 10/28/2012
PENGGANTIAN TANAMAN
PEREMAJAAN
PEMBUKAAN/ PENGADAAN KEBUN
PENGELOLAAN PRODUKSI
Faktor Pengelolaan Tetap
Faktor Pengelolaan Musiman/Tahunan
Lokasi geografis Kultivar lokal Skala kebun dan jarak tanam Batang bawah Fumigasi sebelum tanam dan lainnya
Pengelolaan tanah Pengairan Pemupukan Pemangkasan Arsitektur pohon Zat pengatur tumbuh Penyerbukan Penjarangan buah Pengendalian HPT Panen dan lainnya
BUDIDAYA TANAMAN LSB HORTLANJUT
DISPOSISI HASIL
TRANSPORTASI
DISTRIBUSI
Pengolahan Pasar buah segar Penyimpanan Pasar lokal Kios tepi jalan Agrowisata dan lainnya
PASCA PANEN DAN PEMASARAN 11
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11/6/2012
PROSEDUR TOP WORKING (Shoot Grafting)
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KLON PAW-PAW DILEPAS NOP 2008 DG NAMA ‘GARIFTA KUNING’
ORCHARD HEALTH MANAGEMENT 1. Basic orchard/crop health management 2. Orchard/crop Health Management
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THE BASIC ORCHARD HEALTH MANAGEMENT The major components of an agricultural system, which interact to regulate the sustainable of the system
HEALTH MANAGEMENT
PROFITS
ENVIRONMENT
Orchard Health Management 1. ORCHARD ESTABLISHMENT Crop/Fruits Cultivation Rootstock and scion selection Nursery Practices and Certification Programs for Budwood and Rootstocks
Orchard Health Management 2. CROP PRODUCTION
Horticultural practices for crop/fruits health Soil and Crops Nutrition Water Management Integrated Vegetation Management in Crop/Fruit production
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Orchard Health Management 3. CROP HEALTH
Systemic diseases Diseases of Root, Fruits and foliage Arthropod Pests of Root, Fruit and Foliage Nematode Diseases Integrated Pest Management
Orchard Health Management 4. ECONOMIC OF CROP PRODUCTION Economic decision for growers: How to Manage for Greater Efficiency
5. POST HARVEST CONSIDERATION Maintaining Fruit Health after Harvest
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11/6/2012
Durian di Balai Penelitian Buah, Solok, Sumbar
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11/6/2012
RESIKO •Production Risk Management •Contoh: Risk Management for Citrus
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11/6/2012
Contoh: 1999 Florida Agriculture Receipts
Contoh: Causes of Crop Loss in the United States
Assignment: Group A. Develop criteria for determining commercial (Economic) Potential of Fruits for Development in detail from the aspect: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Consumer potential Product marketing characteristic Environmental adaptability Production potential Economic potential Other uses
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