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HIDROGEOLOGI UMUM ((GL-3081)) MINGGU KE-1 PENDAHULUAN
Oleh:
Asisten:
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Dr. D. Erwin Irawan
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Prof.Dr.Ir. Deny Juanda Puradimaja, DEA
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Kesepakatan Umum Perkuliahan GL-3081 GL 3081 Hidrogeologi Umum
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Kuliah diadakan setiap hari Kamis pagi pukul 07.30 Absensi penting (80%) Praktikum penting (menentukan kelulusan) Komposisi penilaian menyesuaikan kondisi: UTS UAS Praktikum Absensi Kelas l Pemberitahuan ketidakhadiran dalam bentuk surat. Referensi: Freeze & Cherry, 1979, Groundwater Mandel, 1981, Groundwater Resources Couse note for ITB student. Permission for other uses to Prof. Deny Juanda Puradimaja
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SOAL TES KEMAMPUAN DASAR Jelaskan arti suatu siklus hidrologi! Jelaskan keterdapatan air di bawah permukaan! Apa yang saudara ketahui mengenai akifer dan akitar? perbedaan p permeabilitas dan p porositas! Jelaskan p Jelaskan apa yang dimaksud dengan uji pompa! Apa yang dimaksud dengan garis pisometrik? A Apa yang dimaksud di k d dengan d artesis t i positif, itif negatif, tif dan d nol? 8 Apa yang saudara ketahui mengenai rezim aliran 8. airtanah! p yyang g saudara ketahui mengenai g fenomena intrusi 9. Apa airlaut? 10. Jelaskan konsep manajemen airtanah yang saudara k t h i! ketahui!
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1. 2 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 7.
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Sasaran :
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PENDAHULUAN
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Memahami sejarah ilmu hidrogeologi Memahami definisi yang berkaitan dengan
hidrogeologi:
akifer dan jenis media akifer
tipologi dan geometri akifer
cekungan hidrogeologi dan siklus airtanah
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Water Dowsing
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Ancient World
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In I prehistoric hi t i times, ti springs i doubtless d btl servedd as an
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important source of water for both nomadic and agrarian peoples peoples. Today we know that springs are fed by ground water, which is in turn fed by infiltrating precipitation. Ancient peoples did not have this knowledge. g However, they eventually found that wells could be g water in pplaces were springs p g did not dugg to tapp ground exist, or where springs and streams were not perennial.
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Ancient World
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Qanat or kanat (Iran dan Mesir) Qanat di Armenia (721-705 BC). 400 feet di bawah tanah dengan g ppanjang j g 20 mil.
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Middle Ages
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Even E the th greatt Leonardo L d d da Vi Vincii (1452 - 1519)
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maintained the concept of a hydrologic cycle in which underground veins of water rose from the sea to the mountains, where they issued forth as rivers. During this underground passage the salt was filtered out. This concept was identical id ti l to t some off the th concepts t putt forth f th by b Greeks G k such as Plato. The first person to provide a correct written explanation of the origin of rivers and springs and the hydrologic cycle was a Frenchman,, Bernard Palissy y ((1510? - 1590))
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A Roman well found a few months ago during excavation for the new building at Lancaster Police Station. One of g four wells discovered, this being the only one not already filled with ancient rubble, it was 8m deep and holding about 1m of water. It's now been gravel filled and concrete capped (www.10000things.org.uk).
Ancient water well, Roman Age (www 10000things org uk) (www.10000things.org.uk).
Beginnings of Qualitative Hydrogeology Pierre Pi Perrault P lt (1608-1680) (1608 1680) made d a study t d off th the
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upper stream of the Seine River. He H measured d th the average annuall rainfall i f ll over a small ll part of the upper the Seine basin well as the annual discharge of the river from that catchment catchment. rainfall was six times the amount that flowed in the Seine thus proving that precipitation was more than Seine, enough to supply the water in the Seine
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Beginnings of Quantitative Hydrogeology
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Henry Darcy (1803 - 1858), 1858) a French civil
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engineer, was the first person to determine the mathematical law that governs the flow of ground water, which is now known as Darcy’s Law. It was based on experiments that he made on the flow of water through sand filters filters. He published it in an appendix to his report on a new water supply for the City of Dijon, France. the flow of water through a sand filter was a function of the pressure head across the filter, the cross sectional area of the filter and the nature of the sand
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Modern Era of Hydrogeology C. C V V. Theis Th i off th the U. U S. S G Geological l i lS Survey
published two papers of fundamental importance, one in 1935 and one in 1938:
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1935 paper: quation to describe the decline of piezometric (potentiometric) (p ) surface in a the p fully confined aquifer due to the withdrawal of water via a well. (confined or semiconfined aquifers). 1938 paper: the th formation f ti off a regional i l cone off depression and its impact on the dynamic equilibrium of the aquifer. q
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Tren Riset Hidrogeologi di Dunia
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Saat ini: 20 tema riset di bidang hidrogeologi. hidrogeologi
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Masa depan: Tema riset Tema riset adalah pendalaman dan inovasi dalam pengembangan b ilmu dan teknologi dibidang dibidang hidrogeologi dengan tujuan untuk memenuhi hi kebutuhan air yang berasal dari airtanah secara airtanah secara langgeng.
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Rencana (2)
D fi i i Istilah Definisi I il h Bidang Bid Sumberdaya S b d Air Ai Hidrometeorologi : Ilmu yang mempelajari
keterdapatan dan sifat fisik air atmosfer. Hidrologi : Ilmu yang mempelajari keterdapatan Hidrogeologi : Ilmu yang mempelajari
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dan sifat fisik – hidrolik air permukaan permukaan.
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keterdapatan, sifat fisik – hidrolik, dan perilaku airtanah (zona jenuh).
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Berbagai Bidang Kajian Hidrogeologi
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Bidang
Contoh Kajian Eksplorasi airtanah untuk penyediaan air bersih
Perencanaan wilayah
Survei potensi airtanah di kawasan binaan
Pencemaran airtanah
Pencemaran limbah industri
Masalah geologi teknik
Tanah longsor dan penurunan permukaan tanah
Ek l Eksplorasi i hid hidrokarbon k b
hidrodinamika airtanah untuk melacak migrasi minyak
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Penyediaan air bersih
Eksplorasi endapan mineral Alterasi Hidrotermal Energi panas bumi
Aliran airtanah di kawasan lapangan panas bumi
Intrusi air laut
Survei salinitas dalam airtanah
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Peristilahan Bahasa Inggris
Bahasa Indonesia
Geohydrology
GEOHIDROLOGI HIDROGEOLOGI
Groundwater Geology
GEOLOGI AIRTANAH
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Hydrogeology
HIDROGEOLOGI GEOHIDROLOGY GEOHIDROLOGI GEOLOGIHIDRO
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•Berdasarkan substansi yang dibahas : Hydrogeology identik dengan Groundwater Geology Geohydrology berbeda dengan Hydrogeology dan Groundwater Geology. 17
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Beberapa Definisi
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Study of Surface water
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Hydrography and hydrometry
Surface hydrology
Study of Subsurface water
Sumber
Hydrology
De Wiest (1965)
Geohydrology (subterranean hydrology) =
Meinzer (1939)
Hydrogeology = study of the laws of the occurrence and movement of subterranean waters.
Mead (1919) in Davis and De Wiest (1966)
Hydrogeology (general terms), H d é l i (Belgia, Hydrogéologie (B l i Perancis) Hidrogeologia (Amerika Latin) = study of groundwater with particular emphasis given to its chemistry, mode of migration, and relation to the geological environment
De Wiest (1965)
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Tiga Sistem Hidrologi di Alam
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(Castany, 1982)
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CEKUNGAN HIDROLOGI DAN HIDROGEOLOGI
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