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ENHANCING STUDENTS’ COHESIVE DEVICES MASTERY IN WRITING TEXT USING DIALOGUE JOURNAL (A Classroom Action Research at the Eleventh Grade of IPA 1 SMAN 1 Kawedanan the Academic Year of 2015/2016)
Thesis
SAFITHRI ARFIKA SARI S891402049
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT GRADUATE SCHOOL TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA 2016 commit to user
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APPROVAL
ENHANCING STUDENTS’ COHESIVE DEVICES MASTERY IN WRITING TEXT USING DIALOGUE JOURNAL (A Classroom Action Research at the Eleventh Grade of IPA 1 SMAN 1 Kawedanan the Academic Year of 2015/2016) By: SAFITHRI ARFIKA SARI S891402049 This Thesis has been Approved by the Board of Consultants of English Education of Graduate School of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, on
May 2016.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Suparno, M.Pd NIP. 19511127 198601 1000
Dr. Nur Arifah Drajati, M.Pd. 15.02.206
The Head of English Education Department of Graduate Program Sebelas Maret University
Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd. NIP. 19621231 198803 commit to user 1 009
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PRONOUNCEMENT This is to certify that I myself write this thesis entitled “Enhancing Students’ Cohesive
Devices
Mastery
In
Writing
Text
Using
Dialogue
Journal
(A Classroom Action Research at the Eleventh Grade of IPA 1 SMAN 1 Kawedanan the Academic Year of 2015/2016). It is not a product of plagiarism or made by others. Anything related to other’s work is written in quotation, the source of which is listed on the references. If then this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to accept any academic punishment, including the withdrawal or cancellation of my academic degree.
Surakarta,
May 2016
Safithri Arfika Sari S891402049
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ABSTRACT SAFITHRI ARFIKA SARI. S891402049. 2016. Enhancing Students’ Cohesive Devices Mastery In Writing Text Using Dialogue Journal (A Classroom Action Research at the Eleventh Grade of IPA 1 SMAN 1 Kawedanan the Academic Year of 2015/2016). First Consultant: Dr.Suparno, M.Pd., Second Consultant: Dr. Nur Arifah Drajati, M.Pd., Thesis. English Education Department, Graduate School of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University. The research is aimed to (1) reveal teacher’s and students’ perception of Dialogue Journal (2) describe the implementation of Dialogue Journal in enhancing students’ cohesive devices mastery (3) reveal the effectiveness of Dialogue Journal to enhance the students’ cohesive devices mastery in writing analytical text. This research was carried out at SMAN 1 Kawedanan Magetan from October to November 2015. The subject was XI IPA 1 class consisting of 32 students. The method of this research was Classroom Action Research. The data were obtained using several techniques including diaries, observation, interview, document and test. The quantitative data were analyzed by comparing the mean score of pre-test, test 1 and post test. The qualitative data were analyzed based on the observation, interview, and supported with the writer’s diaries. The results of the research show that (1) teacher and students have positive perception about Dialogue Journal identified from the interview before and after research with the English teacher and the students (2) the implementation of Dialogue Journal can enhance students’ cohesive devices mastery in writing Analytical text including (a) students can use correct and various conjunction; (b) students can apply article correctly; (c) students can use demonstrative and personal references appropriately (3) Dialogue Journal can change the classroom’ atmosphere, activities and situation because students’ participation in writing is more active and motivated. The students’ mean score of cohesive devices mastery is improved from 4.83 to 6.54 and the mean score of writing is improved from 11.90 to 15.36. The findings imply that teaching writing using Dialogue Journal enhances the students’cohesive devices mastery. Consequently, the students are able to make a cohesive and coherent writing. Besides, the atmosphere in the class is more interesting so the students are active in writing class. In conclusion, Dialogue Journal is a good teaching strategy to enhance students’ cohesive devices mastery in writing and their learning interest. commit to user Key Words: Action Research, Cohesive Devices, Dialogue Journal, Writing
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ABSTRAK SAFITHRI ARFIKA SARI. S891402049. 2016. Meningkatkan Penguasaan Cohesive Devices Siswa Dalam Menulis Teks Menggunakan Dialog Jurnal (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas pada Siswa Kelas XI IPA 1 SMAN 1 Kawedanan Tahun Akademik 2015/2016). Pembimbing 1: Dr.Suparno, M.Pd., Pembimbing 2: Dr. Nur Arifah Drajati, M.Pd., Tesis. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memaparkan persepsi guru dan siswa tentang Dialog Journal (2) mendeskripsikan penerapan Dialog Journal dalam meningkatkan penguasaan cohesive devices siswa (3) mengungkapkan efektivitas Dialog Journal untuk meningkatkan penguasaan cohesive devices siswa dalam menulis teks Analitical. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMAN 1 Kawedanan pada bulan Oktober sampai November 2015. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa XI IPA 1 terdiri dari 32 siswa. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan beberapa teknik termasuk catatan harian, observasi, wawancara, dokumen dan tes. Data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan membandingkan nilai rata-rata pre-test, test 1 dan post test. Data kualitatif dianalisis berdasarkan pengamatan, wawancara, dan didukung dengan catatan harian penulis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) guru dan siswa memiliki persepsi positif tentang Journal Dialog diidentifikasi dari wawancara sebelum dan setelah penelitian (2) penerapan Dialog Journal dapat meningkatkan penguasaan cohesive devices siswa dalam menulis teks Analytical termasuk (a) siswa dapat menggunakan berbagai penghubung waktu; (B) siswa dapat menerapkan article dengan benar; (C) siswa dapat menggunakan personal dan demonstrative references dengan tepat (3) Dialog Journal dapat mengubah suasana kelas karena siswa lebih aktif dan termotivasi dalam menulis. Nilai rata-rata siswa dalam penguasaan cohesive devices meningkat dari 4,83 menjadi 6,54 dan nilai rata-rata kemampuan menulis meningkat dari 11,90 menjadi 15,36. Hasil penelitian mengimplikasikan bahwa pengajaran menulis menggunakan Dialog Journal meningkatkan penguasaan cohesive devices siswa. Jadi, siswa dapat menulis dengan kohesif dan koheren. Selain itu, suasana di kelas lebih menarik sehingga siswa aktif dalam kelas menulis. Jadi, Dialog Journal adalah strategi mengajar yang baik untuk meningkatkan penguasaan cohesive devices dan minat belajar siswa. Kata kunci: penelitian tindakan kelas, cohesive commit to userdevices, dialog journal, menulis
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MOTTO
“Do the best and never give up because success needs struggle and sacrifice”
(The Researcher)
“Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning” . (Albert Einstein)
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DEDICATION
This thesis is proudly dedicated to: 1.
My beloved parents, Drs. Syaifuddin Arobi and Titik, for their support and prayer for me to finish this thesis.
2.
My best consultants, Dr.Suparno, M.Pd and Dr. Nur Arifah Drajati, M.Pd, who are never tired of checking and correcting my thesis. Thanks for guiding and advising.
3.
My brother, Mala. Hopefully you will continue studying like what I did here.
4.
My beloved partner, Aris, who always edits and checks my thesis typing. Thanks for the help.
5.
My friends in C class. Adit, Pak Theandin, Sist Ita, Bu Nur, all of them. Thanks for the help and support. Hopefully, you will never forget me!
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT The writer would like to thank Allah SWT for His blessing, as she is able to accomplish this thesis. There are many people involved in finishing this thesis so she is deeply indebted to them. She would like to express her immeasurable gratitude to the following: 1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University for his permission to conduct the research. 2. The Head of English Education of Graduate School Sebelas Maret University for his kindness in assisting me to finish this assignment by giving valuable suggestions. 3. Dr.Suparno, M.Pd., the first consultant who has patiently guided, corrected and advised me in finishing this thesis. 4. Dr. Nur Arifah Drajati, M.Pd., the second consultant for her inspiration, always motivates and reminds me to finish this thesis. 5. The lecturers of English Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University for their lecture and guidance. 6. The Headmaster of SMAN 1 Kawedanan, for the permission to conduct the reseach in the school. 7. The collaborative teacher, Wahyuni, S.Pd., who has assisted me when I conducted the research. 8. The students of SMAN 1 Kawedanan for their help and cooperation in the research. Finally, the writer would like to express her gratitude to those who she cannot mention one by one. Hopefully, this thesis will give benefit to everyone who concerns with action reseach. All suggestions and criticism for better improvement are welcomed. Surakarta, May 2016
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TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................... i APPROVAL..................................................................................................... ii LEGITIMATION ............................................................................................. iii PRONOUNCEMENT ...................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... v MOTTO ........................................................................................................... vi DEDICATION ................................................................................................. vii ACKNOWLEDMENT ..................................................................................... viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. ix LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... xii LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................. xiii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1 A. Background of Research ...................................................................... 1 B. Statements of Problems ........................................................................ 9 C. Objectives of Research ......................................................................... 9 D. Benefit of the Research ........................................................................ 9 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................... 11 A. Writing........................... ...................................................................... 11 1. The Definition of Writing ................................................................ 11 2. Purpose of Writing............................................. ............................. 13 3. Elements of Writing............................ ............................................ 13 4. Process of Writing................................ ........................................... 14 5. Types of Writing...............................................................................15 6. Macro and Micro Skills.....................................................................16 7. Assesing Writing...............................................................................18 B. Cohesive Devices................................. ................................................ 19 C. Dialogue Journal.................... .............................................................. 26 1. Benefits of Dialogue Journal ........................................................... 27 2. Disadvantages of Dialogue Journal ................................................. 28 3. Procedure of Teaching Using Dialogue Journal .............................. 28 D. Perception............................................................................................. 35 E. Review of Related Research ................................................................ 36 F. Rationale ............................................................................................. 40 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ........................................... 43 A. Place and Time.... ................................................................................. 43 1. The Place of the Research ............................................................... 43 2. Time of The Research...................................................................... 43 B. Subject of the Research............... ......................................................... 44 C. Research Method .................................................................................. 43 user 1. Definition of Classroomcommit ActiontoResearch....... ................................ 43
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2. Model of Action Research ............................................................... 45 3. Procedure of Action Research ......................................................... 47 D. Technique of Collecting Data .............................................................. 49 E. Technique of Analyzing Data .............................................................. 53 CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION.......... ............ 56 A. Introduction .......................................................................................... 56 B. Research Finding ................................................................................. 68 C. Discussion ............................................................................................ 86 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, SUGGESTION ................. 94 1. Conclusion ..................................................................................... 94 2. Implication ..................................................................................... 95 3. Suggestion ...................................................................................... 96 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 99 APPENDICES ................................................................................................. 103
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1
Scoring of Writing...................................................................... 34
Table 2.2
Scoring Rubric of Students’ Cohesive Devices Mastery .......... 35
Table 3.1
Time Schedule of Research........................................................ 44
Table 3.2
Scoring of Writing...................................................................... 52
Table 4.1
Result of Pre Research............................................................... 57
Table 4.2
The Mean Score of the Students’ Cohesive Devices
Mastery of Pre-test............................................................................................ 58 Table 4.3
Summary of Interview Based on Teacher’s
Perception........................................................................................................... 69 Table 4.4
Summary of Interview Based on Students’
Perception........................................................................................................... 70 Table 4.5
Implemetation of Research ......................................................... 72
Table 4.6.
The Improvement of Mean Score of Writing...............................90
Table 4.7 The Score Improvement of the Students’ Cohesive Devices Mastery............................................................................................................... 91
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1. Action Research Spiral (Kemmis and McTaggart)…...........….. 47
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1
Syllabus.................................................................................... 109
Appendix 2
Research Schedule................................................................... 129
Appendix 3
Students’ List.......................................................................... 130
Appendix 4
Interview Guide before Research with the Teacher................ 131
Appendix 5
Interview Note Before Research With The Teacher............... 132
Appendix 6
Interview Guide Before Research With The Students .......... 135
Appendix 7
Interview Note Before Research With
The Students.................................................................................................. 136 Appendix 8
RPP........................................................................................ 138
Appendix 9
Prompts of Writing................................................................. 162
Appendix 10 Scoring Rubric........................................................................ 165 Appendix 11 Observation Field Note.......................................................... 167 Appendix 12 Students’ Score...................................................................... 176 Appendix 13 Further Explanation of Implementation of Research Cycle1 and Cycle 2................................................................ .. 182 Appendix 14 Interview After Research With Teacher................................. 223 Appendix 15 Interview After Research With Students............................... 225 Appendix 16 Sample of Students’ Writing.................................................. 228 Appendix 17 Research Diaries.................................................................... 231 Appendix 18 Sample of Students’ Writing………………………………. 234 Appendix 19 Research Photographs ……………………………………… 235
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