English / Hungarian and Hungarian / English Cross Reference of Philatelic Terms and Pronunciation Glossary of English-Hungarian Terms Copyright from “The Hungarian Hyperinflation of 1945-1946” by Robert B. Morgan Publisher: Collectors Club of Chicago, 2003.
Philatelic words and phrases abroad
=
acknowledgement of receipt acknowledgement of (return) receipt
tértivevény
=
visszajelentés
=
air-mail an official Government Publication
külföld
=
légiposta Magyar Közlöny
=
arbitrarily
=
önkéntesen
authorization
=
meghatalmazás
auxiliary, provisional
=
kisegitö
averaging
=
egyenlegezés
base, basis
=
alap
bill-of-lading, way-bill, parcel card
szállítólevél
=
black
=
fekete
blue
=
kék
breakable
=
törékeny
business papers
=
üzleti papirok
business-reply-paid letter
=
üzleti válaszlevél
business-reply-paid postcard
=
üzleti válasz-levelezölap
business-reply-paid printed matter
üzleti válasz-nyomtatvány
=
calorie-money
=
cancellation on stamp
postabélyegzö
=
censored
=
censor-tape
kalória pénz
=
cenzúrázott, ellenörizve, ~izett cenzura-zárószalag
certificate of credentials
=
igazolvány
change of rate schedule
=
díjszabásváltozás
circulation, service, traffic
=
forgalom
city
=
civil service closing (final) regulations and notes
közszolgálat
=
zárórendelkezések
=
coat-of-arm
címer
=
Collect On Delivery (COD) fee
város
utánvételi díj
=
collect postage due
=
beszedendö portó
commemorative stamp
=
emlékbélyeg
(in) conclusion
=
befejezésül küldemény
consignment, parcel, shipment, remittance = contents contract price (monthly paid lump-sum)
=
tartalom átalányozva
=
control numbers
=
ellenörzöszámok
conversion key
=
átszámítási kulcs
correct rate paid
=
tarifahelyes
counted
=
megolvasva
county
=
megye
crest
=
címer
customs declaration
=
vámárúnyilatkozat
(from) date
=
naptól
(up to) date
=
day
=
napig nap
definitive stamp
=
általános forgalmi bélyeg
Department of Treasury
=
Pénzügyminisztérium
delegation of authority document
=
megbízási lap
delivery notations (by mailman)
=
kézbesitési elöjegyzés
demonetized
=
pénzjelleget megszüntet
destination
=
rendeltetési hely
distance
=
távolság
district
=
járás
documentary or revenue stamp
=
illeték bélyeg
domestic (distance) letter
=
távolsági levél
entered in journal
=
beírva
equal
=
ugyanaz
exception
=
kivétel
excerpts
=
kivonatok
expression
=
kifejezés
fake
=
hamis
fee
=
díj
fee advancement, higher fees fee exempt
díjemelés
= =
díjmentes
fee (fully) paid
=
bérmentesített
fee not paid
=
bérmentesítetlen
fee paid at mailing
=
frankó
fee paid by addressee
=
portó, díj utólagos fizetése
fee schedule basis
=
alapdíjszabás
‘filléres’ parcel
=
discounted ‘filléres’ fruit parcel
fiscal stamp
=
okmány bélyeg
follows
=
következik
(to) forbid
=
megtiltani
foreign countries
=
külföldi országok
foreign destination
=
rendeltetési ország
forerunner
=
elöfutár
forwarding
=
utánaküldés
(postage-) franking machine
bérmentesítögép
=
function
=
müködés
garland
=
koszorú
gazette
=
hivatalos közlöny
Gazette of Postal Regulations
Postai Rendeletek Tára (PRT)
=
gazetteer
=
helységnévtár
genuine
=
valódi
grace period
=
türelmi idö
green
=
zöld
hamlet
=
tanya, kis falu
handling, processing held (at the post office) ‘til called for
= =
kezelés poste restante
home delivery
=
házhozszállitás
igazolvány
=
certificate of credentials
inquiry
=
tudakozvány
insufficient address
=
cím elégtelen
insurance fee
=
biztositási díj
invalidated, null and void
=
érvénytelen
investigation department
=
nyomozó osztály
item items from the fee/rate schedule
=
tétel díjtételek
=
labels
=
large size (parcel)
=
launch(ing)
cimkék terjedelmes (csomag)
=
bocsátása (új bélyeg)
‘letter’ has two Hungarian words/meanings: either as a letter in text (betü), or as a postal transmittal (levél) letter carrier letter consignment for postal transmittal
=
levélpostai küldemény
=
letters (as in text) letters/text and numerals
postás
betük (szövegben)
=
betüs és számjegyes
=
light
=
világos, (könnyü)
local
=
helybeni
local letter
=
helyi levél
local postcard
=
helyi levelezölap
mailbox
=
manuscript meter stamps, meter imprints military censorship Ministry of Transporta
=
postaláda kézirásos bérmentesítögép lenyomat
= = =
katonai cenzura Közlekedésügyi Minisztérium
money order payment
utalvány kifizetés
=
month
=
hónap
moved
=
elköltözött
newspaper
=
ujság
notification for payment
kifizetési értesités
=
numerical order
=
‘official, quantity-by-month mailer’s rate’ =
sorszám hivatalból díjátalányozva
‘officially dispatched/ postage payable by addressee’
hivatalból portóköteles
=
‘official, postage free’
hivatalból portómentes
=
obsolete
=
elavult
overprint
=
felülnyomat
parcel
=
csomag
parcels (two or more) to the same addressee, listed on one parcel-card
}
sommás csomag
sommás szállitólevél
}
partially paid fee
=
elégtelenül bérmentesitett
payment by check
=
csekkbefizetés
pause, suspende
=
szünetel
1 Pengö = 100 fillér: the monetary unit perishable permit certificate to export
a pénzegység: 1 Pengö = 100 fillér
= = =
gyorsn romló kiviteli bizonyitvány
place of destination
=
rendeltetési hely
postal service, mail service
=
postaforgalom
postage postage collected, postage paid
= =
postadíj taxe perçue (french)
postage due
=
portó
postage due free
=
portómentes
postage paid in cash
=
készpénzben bérmentve
postage was paid
=
kifizettetett
postage was not paid
=
bérmentetlen
postal-administration district
postaigazgatósági terület
=
postal agency
=
postal agency
postal assi
=
postai megbizás
postal district
=
postakerület
postal money order
=
postautalvány
Postal Savings Bank
=
postatakarékpénztár
postal service matter
=
postaszolgálati ügy
postal service (a speci
=
posta-szak
postmark
=
Postmaster General power of attorney, authorization
= =
postabélyegzö postaügyi miniszter meghatalmazás
Prime Minister
=
miniszterelnök
printed matter
=
nyomtatvány
(in the) provinces
=
vidéken
provisional, temporary
=
átmenetes, ideiglenes, provizórikus
public supply
=
közellátási
quantity-by-month mailer’s rate
=
díjátalányozva
rate by: tariff/distance zone
=
díjövezet
rate of freight
=
fuvarozási díjtétel
rate schedule
=
díjszabás
ratio, proportion number
arányszám
=
receipt
=
feladóvevény, nyugta
reconstruction
=
ujjáépités
record-keeping
=
nyilvántartás
red
=
reduced/discounted fee
kedvezményes díj
=
refused
=
registration labels registered
=
ajánlott díjhiányjelentés
=
Republic
nem fogadta el, visszautasitotta ajánlási ragjegyek
=
report of fee deficiency
vörös, piros
=
Köztársaság
return receipt, back-notice
=
tértivevény
revenue or documentary fee
=
okirati illeték
revenue/documentary/fiscal stamp
illeték bélyeg
=
revision
=
módosítás
rural areas
=
külterület
rule, ordinance
=
szabály
sack-parcel
=
zsákcsomag
same kind
=
ugyanolyan
samples
=
áruminta
Secretary of Treasury semi-postal small parcel, packet parcel, petit-parcel special delivery specific
Pénzügyminiszter
= = =
jótékonysági kiscsomag
= =
expressz meghatározott
(can) spoil quickly
=
storage charge
=
supplementary delivery receipt
fekbér pótszállítólevél
=
surcharge taxpengö – a monetary unit
gyorsan romló
=
pótdíj adópengö
=
telegram office
=
távirdahivatal
telegram
=
távirat, sürgöny
telegram office
=
távirdahivatal
telegraph
=
távirókészülék
temporarily, transitionary, provisional
=
átmenetileg
testimonial, declaration certificate
=
tanusitvány
text
=
szöveges (betüs)
total
=
összesen
transit, transitory transportation transportation form (for parcel) Travelling Post Office (T.P.O.)
átmenö, átmenetü
= =
közlekedés szállítójegyzék
=
mozgóposta
=
Treasury
=
Type of consigment
=
kincstár küldemény fajta
unclaimed
=
nem kereste
undeliverable
=
kézbesíthetelen
Universal Postal Union (U.P.U.)
Egyetemes Postaegyesület
=
unknown
=
ismeretlen
urgent
=
sürgös
value-card
=
értékkártya
value declared
értéknyilvánitás
=
value-declared consignment
=
étékküldemény
(high) value-declared letter
=
értéklevél
(high) value-declared parcel
=
értékdoboz
valid rate period
díjszabás érvényessége
=
value imprinted postal stationary (any type) nyomtatvány
díjjegyes, értékes postai
=
igazolójegy
varification (acknowledgement) of receipt = village
=
falu
warning
=
figyelmeztetés
(hot) wax-seal
=
viaszpecsét
weight-category
=
súlyfokozat
withdrawal
=
kivonása
wrapper (for newspaper)
ujságszalag
=
wreath
=
koszorú
zone
=
övezet
year
=
év
yellow
=
sárga
_______________________________________________________________________
Glossary of Hungarian-English Terms Philatelic words and phrases adópengö ajánlási ragjegyek
= =
taxpengö – a monetary unit Registration labels
ajánlott
=
registered
alap
=
base, basis
alapdíjszabás általános forgalmi bélyeg
= =
fee-schedule basis definitive stamp
arányszám
=
ratio, proportion number
árjegyzék
=
price-list
áruminta
=
samples
átalányozva
=
contract price (monthly paid lump sum)
átmenetileg
=
temporarily, transitionary, provisional
átmenö, átmenet
=
transit, transitory
átszámítási kulcs
=
conversion key
befejezésül
=
in conclusion
beírva
=
entered in journal
bérmentetlen
=
postage was not paid
bérmentesítetlen
=
fee not paid, without franking
bérmentesítögép
=
postage franking machine
bérmentesítögép lenyomat
=
meter stamps, meter imprints
bérmentesített
=
fee (fully) paid
beszedendö portó
=
collect postage due
betük (szövegben)
=
letters (as in text)
betüs és számjegyes
=
letters/text and numerals
biztositási díj
=
insurance fee
bocsátása
=
launching (new issue)
cenzúra-zárószalag
=
censor-tape
cenzúrázott
=
censored
címer
=
coat-of-arm, crest, shield
cimkék
=
labels
cím elégtelen
=
insufficient address
csekkbefizetés
=
payment by check
csempész posta
=
smuggled mail
csomag
=
parcel
díj(a)
=
fee
díjátalányozva
=
quantity-by-monthly mailer’s rate
díjemelés
=
higher fees, fee advancement
díjhiányjelentés
=
report of fee deficiency
díjjegyes postai nyomtatvány
=
value imprinted postal stationary
díjmentes
=
fee-exempt
díjövezet
=
rate by: tariff/distance zone
díjszabás
=
(fee) rate schedule
díjszabás érvényessége
=
valid rate period
díjszabásváltozás
=
change of rate schedule
díjtételek
=
items from the fee/rate schedule
díj utólagos fizetése
=
fee paid by the addressee
egyenlegezés Egyetemes Postaegyesület
= =
Universal Postal Union
elavult elégtelenül bérmentesített ellenörzöszámok
averaging
= =
obsolete partially paid fee
=
control numbers
ellenörizve
=
censored
elköltözött
=
moved
emlékbélyeg
=
commemorative stamp
elöfutár
=
forerunner
értékes nyomtatvány postcards, parcel card,etc.)
=
value imprinted postal stationary (any type:
értékdoboz
=
(high) value-declared parcel
értékkártya
=
value-card
értékküldemény
=
value declared consignment
értéklevél
=
(high) value-declared letter
értéknyilvánítás
=
value declared
érvénytelen
=
null and void, invalidated
év expressz
= =
year special delivery
falu
=
village
fekbér
=
storage charge
fekete
=
black
feladóvevény
=
receipt (for registered letter, parcel, etc.)
felülnyomat
=
overprint
figyelmeztetés
=
warning
forgalom
=
circulation, service
forgalmi bélyeg
=
definitive stamp
frankó
=
fee paid at mailing
fuvarozási díjtétel gyorsan romló
=
rate of freight
=
hamis házhozszállitás
(can) spoil quickly, perishable =
=
fake, forged home delivery
helyben i
=
local
helyi levél
=
local letter
helyi levelezölap
=
local postcard
helységnévtár
=
gazetteer
hivatalból díjátalányozva
=
‘official, quantity-by-monthly mailer’s rate’
hivatalból portóköteles addressee’
=
‘officially dispatched / postage payable by
hivatalból portómentes
=
‘official, postage free’
hivatalos közlöny
=
official gazette
hónap
=
month
igazolójegy
=
verification (acknowledgement) of receipt
igazolvány
=
certificate of credentials
illeték bélyeg
=
revenue/documentary/fiscal stamp
ismeretlen
=
unknown
járás
=
district
jótékonysági
=
charitable/semi-postal
kalória pénz
=
calorie-money
katonai cenzura
=
military censorship
kedvezményes díj
=
reduced/discounted fee (for postal employees)
kezelés
=
handling, processing
kék
=
blue
készpénzben bérmentve
=
postage paid in cash
kézbesítési elöjegyzés
=
delivery notations (by delivering mailman)
kézbesíthetetlen
=
undeliverable
kézírásos
=
manuscript
kiállitás
=
exhibit
kifejezés
=
expression
kifizetési értesítés kifizettetett
= =
notification for payment postage paid (in cash)
kincstár
=
Treasury
kiscsomag
=
small parcel, packet parcel, petit-parcel
kisegítö
=
provisional, auxiliary
kivétel
=
exception
kiviteli bizonyitvány
=
permit certificate to export
kivonása
=
withdrawal
kivonatok
=
excerpts
koszorú
=
garland, wreath
következik
=
follows
közellátási
=
public supply
közlekedés
=
transportation
Közlekedésügyi Minisztérium
=
Ministry of Transportation
közszolgálat
=
civil service
Köztársaság
=
Republic
küldemény )remittance,
=
consignment, parcel, shipment, (money-
küldemény fajta
=
type of consignment
külföld külföldi országok külterület levélpostai küldemény légiposta
= = = =
abroad foreign countries rural areas (letter) consignment for postal transmittal
=
air-mail
Magyar Közlöny
=
an official Government Publication
megbízás (postai)
=
postal assignment
megbízási lap
=
delegation of authority document
meghatalmazás
=
power of attorney, authorization,
meghatározott
=
specific
megolvasva
=
counted
megtiltani
=
to forbid
megye
=
county
miniszterelnök
=
Prime Minister
módosítás
=
revision
mozgóposta
=
Travelling Post Office (T.P.O.)
müködés
=
function
nap
=
day (also means ‘sun’)
napig
=
(up) to date
naptól
=
from date
nem fogadta el
=
refused
nem kereste
=
unclaimed
nyilvántartás
=
record-keeping
nyomtatvány
=
printed matter
nyomozó osztály
=
investigation department
nyugta
=
receipt
okirati illeték
=
revenue/documentary fee
okmány bélyeg
=
fiscal stamp
önkéntesen
=
arbitrarily
összesen
=
total
övezet
=
zone
pengö
=
monetary unit 100 fillér = 1 pengö
pénzjelleget megszüntet
=
demonetized
Pénzügyminiszter
=
Secretary of Treasury
Pénzügyminisztérium
=
Department of Treasury
portó
=
postage due, fee paid by addressee
portómentes
=
postage-due-free
postabélyegzö
=
postmark, cancellation on stamp
postadíj
=
postage
postaforgalom
=
postal service, mail service
postaigazgatósági terület postai küldemény Postai Rendeletek Tára (PRT)
=
postal-administration district
= =
consignment sent by post The Gazette of Postal Regulations
postakerület
=
postal district
postaláda
=
mailbox
postás
=
letter-carrier
posta-szak
=
a specific postal service
postaszolgálat
=
postal service
postaszolgálati ügy
=
postal service matter
postatakarékpénztár
=
Postal Savings Bank
postautalvány
=
postal money order
postaügyi miniszter
=
Postmaster General
posta ügynökség
=
postal agency
poste restante
=
held (at the post-office) ‘til called-for
pótdíj pótszállítólevél provizórikus, ideiglenes
= = =
surcharge supplementary delivery receipt provisional
rendeltetési hely
=
place of destination
rendeltetési ország
=
foreign destination
sárga
=
yellow
sommás csomag
=
two or more parcels to the same addressee-
sommás szállitólevél
=
listed on one parcel card
sorszám
=
numerical order
súlyfokozat
=
weight-category
sürgös
=
urgent
szabály
=
rule, ordinance
szállítójegyzék
=
transportation form (for parcel)
szállítólevél card
=
bill-of-lading, way-bill, delivery form, parcel
szöveges (betüs)
=
in text
szünetel
=
pause, suspended
tanusitvány
=
testimonial, declaration certificate
tanya
=
hamlet
tarifahelyes
=
correct rate paid
tartalom
=
contents
távirat, sürgöny
=
telegram
távirókészülék
=
telegraph
távolsági levél
=
domestic (distance) letter
távolsági levelezölap
=
domestic (distance) postcard
taxe perçue (french)
=
postage paid, postage collected
tértivevény receipt
=
return receipt, back-notice, acknowledgement of
terjedelmes
=
large size
tétel
=
item
törékeny
=
breakable
tudakozvány
=
inquiry
türelmi idö
=
grace period
ugyanolyan,
=
same kind,
ugyanaz
=
same, equal
ujjáépités
=
reconstruction
ujság
=
newspaper
ujságszalag
=
wrapper (for newspapers)
utalvány kifizetés
=
money order payment
utánaküldés
=
forwarding
utánvételi díj
=
Collect On Delivery (COD) fee
üzleti papir
=
business papers
üzleti válaszlevél
=
business-reply-paid letter
üzleti válasz-levelezölap üzleti válasz-nyomtatvány
= =
business-reply-paid printed matter
valódi vámárúnyilatkozat
business-reply-paid postcard
= =
genuine customs declaration
város
=
city
viaszpecsét
=
(hot) wax-seal
vidéken
=
in the provinces
világos
=
light
visszajelentés visszautasította
= =
vörös zárórendelkezések zsákcsomag
acknowledgement of (return) receipt refused
= = =
red closing (final) regulations and notes sack-parcel
zöld
=
green
_______________________________________________________________________
Hungarian Pronunciation After each Hungarian letter there is an English word in which the sound sometimes close to the Hungarian sound. In a few cases there are no English sounds that are similar to the Hungarian sounds. The accent is always on the first syllable when speaking Hungarian. a
must, America
á
far, hard
b
book
c
its, lets
cs
church, chip, chat, check
d
do, dog
dz
heads
dzs
jam, hedge, fudge
e
get, less
é
may, day, aim
f
fool
g
go, get
gy
(something like: merge)
h
hit, hip
i
bit, hip, lip
í
meet, feet, teeth
j
yes, yo-yo, youth
k
kill, duck
ly
yes, yo-yo (same as j)
m
man
n
no
ny
new (when pronounced nyoo, not noo)
o
dog
ó
lasso, show
ö
merge, her, urgent
õ
third (same as ö but longer)
p
pot,
r
red, rose
s
ship, fish, shy
ss
assurance
sz
soda, sip, rice
ssz
less, address
t
tip
tt
fatten
ty
tube (when pronounced tyoob)
u
put
ú
poor, fool
ü
Fuhrer, bureau, puree
v
vote
w
vote (same as v)
x
fix
z
zip
zs
measure, arbitrage, postage
Posted in Reference
The Concordance of Catalog Numbers for the Postage Stamps of Hungary This is the cross reference index of various Hungarian catalog numbers. It is a reprint of the catalog number cross-reference tables that were published serially in The News of Hungarian Philately from 1984 through 1997. The information was compiled by William Domonkos. Continue reading “The Concordance of Catalog Numbers for the Postage Stamps of Hungary” → Posted in Reference
Monographs These monographs were published by the SHP in the 1970’s. We are in the process of scanning them and making them available on-line for our members. Monographs may be found on the Publications page. Posted in Reference
An Introduction to Hungarian Philately Early History Magyar tribes migrated from Asia and settled in the Carpathian Basin in 896AD. The Kingdom of Hungary, founded by King St. Stephen in 1000AD, had a turbulent history defending itself against foreign incursions, the most significant of which was the Mongol invasion of 1241AD. Nevertheless, it became a Central European power under the 300-year rule of the native Árpád Dynasty and subsequent dynasties In 1526 as a result of the Ottoman conquest, the kingdom disintegrated into three parts: Western Hungary ruled by the Austrian House of Habsburg, Transylvania governed by Hungarian princes, and central Hungary underTurkish yoke. The Turkish occupation lasted until the waning years of the 17th Century, when the Habsburgs drove out the Turks and claimed all of Hungary. The 150 years of constant wars decimated the native population and the voids were filled by foreign nationalities, creating the polyglot characteristic of Hungary. The reoccupation of Hungary by Austria also gave rise to wars for independence, first under Prince Rákóczi (1703-1711) and Lajos Kossuth (1848-1849), the leading statesman in the movement to defeat the Habsburgs. Austrian Empress Maria Theresa established a regular postal service in Hungary and a military field-post service operated during both wars of independence.
First Stamp Issues
Following the ‘stampless’ era, Austria joined the stamp-issuing nations of the world in 1850. Austrian issues used in Hungary are much sought after by Hungarian philatelists. In 1867 a compromise was reached with Austria, creating the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy under Emperor Franz Josef. The Hungarian half of the Monarchy organized an independent postal system, which issued its first stamps in 1867. Since then, its stamp issues have reflected the country’s current and past history. Many Hungarian stamps depict two national symbols – the crown of St. Stephen and the mythical Turul bird. During the First World War, Hungary fought alongside Austria against Russia and Italy.Austrian military-post stamps, as well as the stamps of Bosnia-Herzegovina (occupied in 1878 and annexed by the Monarchy in 1908) provide an interesting connection to Hungarian philately.
Post World War I Turbulence Following the military defeat of Austria in November 1918, the Armistice was signed on 13 November 1918 and a Republic was proclaimed in Hungary severing all links with the Monarchy. Existing stamps were overprinted ‘Köztársaság’ to mark the new government. As part of the peace settlement, Hungary had to give up land to Romania, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Serbia, Poland, and Italy. During the turbulent transition period of 1918-1921, overprinted stamps were used in various parts of these occupied areas. The Republican government was overthrown in March 1919 and replaced by a shortlived Communist regime, which also overprinted stamps ‘Tanácsköztársaság’ to mark its victory, followed by stamp issues of original design. At the same time, a nationalist government headed by Admiral Horthy was formed in the city of Szeged. Once again, stamps were overprinted ‘Magyar Nemzeti Kormány’ in Szeged. An additional philatelic complication occurred when the French army temporarily occupied the region of Arad and overprinted local stamps for that area. Arad became part of Romania in 1920. Having occupied Transylvania, Romania invaded Hungary to remove the Communist regime. The capital city of Budapest was occupied until the Peace Commission forced the Romanians to withdraw and allow Admiral Horthy’s National Army to take over the city. Overprinted stamps ‘Nemzeti hadsereg bevonulása’ were issued to mark the event. Admiral Horthy was elected regent of the Kingdom of Hungary, which signed the Peace of Trianon in 1920 ending the state of war. Former King Karl made two unsuccessful attempts to regain his throne in 1921. In the same year, Hungarian insurgents established the Banate of Lajtabánság in parts of Western Hungary assigned to Austria by the Trianon Treaty. The insurgency was suppressed, but a plebiscite returned the town ofSopron and environs to Hungary.
World War II and After As clouds of war heralding World War Two gathered, Hungary looked to the Nazi government in Germany for rectification of the country’s borders, which were deemed unjust because large groups of ethnic Hungarians were transferred to the Successor States by the Trianon Treaty. Following the disintegration of Czechoslovakia in 1938, Hungary recovered the southern part of Slovakia by the First Vienna Arbitral award. In return for their continued assistance, the Germans awarded Hungary the northern part of Transylvania by the Second Vienna Arbitral Award in 1940. In 1941, Hungary participated in the military invasion of Yugoslavia and annexed the Bácska region. Special ‘Hazatérés’ stamps and cancellations from major towns marked the return of these regions to Hungary. In the last six months of the war, the Russians overran and occupied Hungary. The Horthy government was
replaced, at first by a democratic coalition government in 1945 (the Second Republic was declared in February 2, 1946), and then by a Soviet puppet state in 1949 (People’s Republic, declared on August 20th). The war devastated Hungary, resulting in a rapid deterioration of its currency. Between May 1, 1945 and July 31, 1946, 27 postal rate changes occurred in what is known as the world’s greatest hyperinflation. The Hungarian people revolted against Soviet domination in the brief Hungarian Uprising of October-November 1956. The students of Sopron commemorated the event with an overprinted stamp issue. The revolt was brutally crushed and Hungary continued to be solid member of the Warsaw Pact until the disintegration of the Soviet Union’s European Empire in 1989. Today, Hungary is a republic again, a free and independent country, whose stamp issues continue to highlight its rich cultural, historical, and natural heritage. Hungarian philately includes not only stamps, but also pre-stamp envelopes, and postal stationery entires. Hungary has issued air mail and semi-postal stamps in addition to the regular issues. Like many other countries, Hungary has issued stamps for special delivery, postage due, official use and newspapers. In addition, a rich parallel facet of Hungarian philately is the revenue stamps issuing area. Hungarian philatelic materials are available from dealers, clubs, and direct from the Hungarian post office. Posted in Reference
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