Syahrul Aminullah

Managing International Collaborative Working and Raising Excellence

“Responsibilities From R&D Domestic Industry to Support The Great Indonesia”

Syahrul Aminullah [email protected]

Global Education Dialogues The Power of Consortia: how can universities solve the global grand research challenges? British Council in partnership with the Republic of Indonesia Department for Higher Education (Dikti) and the Vice Rector Forum for International Collaboration

20-21 November 2014, JW Marriott Hotel, Medan, North Sumatra

SYAHRUL AMINULLAH Mobile Phone.+62-855-7800-476. skype:syahrulaminullah1 Email: [email protected], [email protected]

============================================================ CURRICULUM VITAE ============================================================ PERSONAL DATA Place Data of Birth Gender Marital Status Religion Nationality

: Metro, February 1th, 1967. : Male : Married : Moslem : Indonesia

EDUCATION 20102011 2012 2013 2002-2004 1998 – 2000 : 1991 – 1994 :

: : : : : : :

PhD (Candidate), Public Policy University of Indonesia Master Class, Salford University, Manchester,UK Study Visite, STANFORD University, California, USA Study Visite, UNIRIO, Brasil Master Science in Development Country Management, STIA-LAN-UI Bachelor Degree in Public Health, University of Indonesia Bachelor in Techniciant Medical Laboratory Technologist, (MLT/AAK) Bandung, West Java

WORK EXEPRIENCE Head of Division for Industry, Assistant Deputy, Science and Technology Investment, Deputy Science and Technology Resources , Ministry for Research and Technology. Head of Sub Division Proverty Rigth for University, Assistant Deputy, PR and Standardisation, Deputy Science and Technology Resources , Ministry for Research and Technology Head of Sub Division University, Assistant Deputy, Science and Technology Investment, Deputy Science and Technology Resources , Ministry for Research and Technology Head of Sub Division for Health and Medicine, Assistant Deputy, Medicine, Deputy Development of Science, Ministry for Research and Technology

Outline • • • • • • •

Introduction Economic Profiles National R&D’s Expenditure Resources of Science and Technology Actors commitment on R&D expenditures Nawa Cita and R&D Conclusion

Introduction

Statement of Mr President “Saya kecewa karena selama lima tahun anggaran subsidi BBM bernilai Rp714 triliun. Sementara, untuk kesehatan, anggarannya hanya Rp220 triliun, sedangkan infrastruktur mencapai Rp570 triliun. Masa dana untuk kesehatan atau untuk membangun lebih kecil ketimbang dana subsidi BBM?“

Jokowi Widodo, President RI , at University Technology Queensland (QUT), Australia 4 November 2014 Sources: http://dunia.news.viva.co.id/news/read/558590-begini-cara-jokowi-sapa-warga-indonesia-di-australia

Competitiveness is the key The competitiveness of a nation is no longer determined by the abundance natural resources and cheap labor, but rather is determined by technological innovation and the use of knowledge, or a combination of both.

Competitiveness the whole province of Indonesia

Sources: Badan Pusat Statistik Republik Indonesia Tahun 2010

Indonesia strategy to face Middle-Income Trap Development Process

Middle-income trap

Stages

Low-income group

GDP per kapita (PPP, 2005)

< US$2,000

Source of growth

Lower-middle income goup

Upper-middle income goup

US$2,000 – US$7,250

US$7,250 – US$11,750

> US$11,750

• Rely on primary sector

• Low value added industry

• Efficiency driven growth

• Innovative-based industry

• Resource driven

• Labor intensive industry

• Skilled labor

• Sophisticated industry

1970 - 1990

Ministry of Finance

High-income group

1990 – now

• Higher value added based industry

???

• High productivity

???

8

Leading Industry Food Industry 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Industri pengolahan ikan Industri pengolahan susu Industri pengolahan minyak nabati Industri pengolahan buah-buahan dan sayuran Industri Minuman. Industri tepung. Industri gula berbasis tebu. Industri Bahan Penyegar, meliputi Industri Pengolahan Kakao, dan Industri Pengolahan Kopi

Pharmaceutical, Health and Cosmestics Industry 1. 2.

Farmasi, jamu dan kosmetik. Alat Uji dan Kedokteran.

Textiles Industries 1. 2. 3. 4.

Industri benang dan kain, Produk tekstil/garmen, produk alas kaki, serta produk plastik dan karet untuk keperluan rumah tangga 5. Industri pengolahan kayu, Industri pengolahan rotan, Industri furnitur, industri kertas

ICT and Electronics Industry 1. industri Alat transmisi telekomunikasi darat, 2. Konten telematika, 3. Komponen elektronika, serta 4. komponen solar cell

Transportation Industry 1. Industri Kendaraan bermotor roda 2, 2. Kendaraan bermotor roda 4, 3. kapal nelayan, 4. kereta api, 5. komponen pesawat, dan 6. roket peluncur

Power Plant Industry 1. industri Pembangkit Listrik Sel Surya, 2. Industri Biodiesel, 3. Industri Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir, 4. Industri Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap/Batubara, serta 5. Industri Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap/Gas 9

Criteria of Industry Business

Capital

Aset

Big

>50 M

>10 M

Midle

Omset /thn 500 Jt sd 10 2,5 M sd 50 M M

Small

Omset/Th 300 jt-2,5M

Housing Industry

Omzet/th 1 jt sd 200 jt

Manpower

Technology

100 org >

20-99 org

Total Unit 4.968 unit (0,01%)

Biasa

48,977 unit (0,09%)

50 jt sd 500 jt 5-19 org

Sederhana

629,418 unit (1,11%)

Sd 50 jt

Sgt sederhana 55.586.176 unit (98,79%)

2-4

Dif: Kemenperin, BI dan Kem UMKM Sumber : UU No.20/2008: Data BPS 2012

Low Value Added on Export – Import IMPOR (dalam Ribu Ton)

M = Million T = Ton

SITC 28731 Al Ore

Juta Ton

Refining

$ 190 M

$ 956 M

441 Ribu T

379 Ribu T

SITC 28732 Alumina

SITC 6841 Al & Al Alloy Unwrought

SITC 6842 Al & Al Alloy Worked

Extrusion Rolling Casting

Smelting

Fabricating

$ 335 M

$ 424 M

$ 522 M

140 Ribu T

126 Ribu T

168 Ribu T

EKSPOR 2011

Sources : Kemenperin 2013

SITC 69X Other Mfg Prod of Al

Economic Profile

Provinsi 1 Aceh 2 Sumatera Utara 3 Sumatera Barat 4 Riau 5 Jambi 6 Sumatera Selatan 7 Bengkulu 8 Lampung 9 Kepulauan Bangka Belitung 10 Kepulauan Riau Sumatera 11 DKI Jakarta 12 Jawa Barat 13 Jawa Tengah 14 DI. Yogyakarta 15 Jawa Timur 16 Banten Jawa 17 Bali Jawa & Bali 18 Kalimantan Barat 19 Kalimantan Tengah 20 Kalimantan Selatan 21 Kalimantan Timur Kalimantan 22 Sulawesi Utara 23 Sulawesi Tengah 24 Sulawesi Selatan 25 Sulawesi Tenggara 26 Gorontalo 27 Sulawesi Barat Sulawesi 28 Nusa Tenggara Barat 29 Nusa Tenggara Timur 30 Maluku 31 Maluku Utara 32 Papua Barat 33 Papua 34 Nusa Tenggara, Maluku & Papua Jumlah 34 Provinsi

Gross Domenstic Product, Province 2004 2012 2004 2004

2005 2005

50 357 118 101 37 359 114 246 18 488 64 319 8 105 36 016 11 797 36 737 495 524 375 562 305 703 193 435 22 024 341 065 73 714 1 311 503 28 987 1 340 490 29 750 18 300 28 028 133 704 209 782 15 728 14 659 44 745 10 268 2 802 3 836 92 037 22 146 13 004 4 048 2 369 6 577 24 843 72 986

2 210 818

2009 2009 71 987 236 354 76 753 297 173 44 127 137 332 16 385 88 935 22 998 63 893 1 055 936 757 697 689 841 397 904 41 407 686 848 152 556 2 726 253 60 292 2 786 545 54 281 37 162 51 460 285 591 428 494 33 034 32 461 99 955 25 656 7 069 9 403 207 578 44 015 24 179 7 070 4 691 18 144 76 887 174 986

2010 2010 79 145 275 057 87 227 345 774 53 858 157 735 18 600 108 404 26 713 71 615 1 224 127 861 992 771 594 444 666 45 626 778 564 171 748 3 074 189 67 194 3 141 384 60 542 42 571 59 823 321 764 484 700 36 809 37 314 117 862 28 377 8 057 10 985 239 404 49 632 27 746 8 085 5 390 26 873 87 733 205 459

2011 2011*) 87 995 314 372 98 957 413 706 63 355 182 390 21 269 127 908 30 416 80 238 1 420 607 982 521 860 982 498 764 51 785 884 503 192 227 3 470 783 74 029 3 544 812 66 913 49 048 68 187 391 408 575 556 41 831 44 312 137 390 32 113 9 154 12 884 277 684 48 825 31 222 9 599 6 039 36 179 76 559 208 422

2012 2012**)

71 093 181 820 59 799 210 003 32 077 109 896 12 874 60 922 17 895 51 826 808 205 566 449 526 220 312 429 32 917 536 982 122 844 2 097 841 44 003 2 141 844 43 541 27 932 39 439 222 629 333 541 24 081 23 219 69 272 17 953 4 761 6 193 145 478 33 522 19 137 5 699 3 160 10 367 55 380 127 266

2008 2008 73 548 213 932 70 955 276 400 41 056 133 665 14 916 73 719 21 421 58 575 978 187 677 045 633 283 367 136 38 102 621 392 139 865 2 476 822 51 916 2 528 738 49 133 32 760 45 844 314 814 442 550 28 698 28 728 85 143 22 203 5 907 8 297 178 975 35 315 21 656 6 270 3 862 13 975 61 516 142 594

3 556 334

4 271 045

4 653 539

5 295 074

6 027 082

6 731 535

2007 2007

56 952 139 618 44 675 139 019 22 487 81 532 10 134 40 907 14 172 40 985 590 480 433 860 389 245 234 435 25 338 403 392 84 622 1 570 892 33 946 1 604 839 33 869 20 983 31 794 180 289 266 936 18 763 17 117 51 780 12 981 3 481 4 423 108 545 25 683 14 810 4 571 2 583 7 914 43 615 99 176

2006 2006 69 353 160 377 53 030 167 068 26 062 95 929 11 397 49 119 15 921 46 216 694 471 501 772 473 187 281 997 29 417 470 627 97 867 1 854 868 37 388 1 892 256 37 715 24 480 34 670 199 588 296 454 21 216 19 310 60 903 15 270 4 062 5 125 125 887 28 597 16 904 5 080 2 818 8 946 46 895 109 240

2 669 975

3 118 308

Catatan : Perbedaan antara jumlah PDRB 33 PROVINSI dan PDB Indonesia antara lain disebabkan oleh diskrepansi statistik

96 161 351 118 110 104 469 073 72 654 206 331 24 173 144 561 34 325 91 717 1 600 218 1 103 738 946 861 556 480 57 034 1 001 721 212 857 3 878 690 83 939 3 962 629 75 027 55 876 75 923 419 102 625 928 47 198 51 062 159 427 36 601 10 368 14 408 319 064 49 529 35 253 11 469 6 918 42 760 77 765 223 695

Gross Domectic Product Indonesia 2010-2012

Rank of Economic and GDP Percapita ASEAN Country 2010-2012

National R&D’s Expenditure

Gross Expenditure for R&D Comparison World Science and Technology Budget

2012

Science and Technology National Budget Reduction

Ratio for Science and Technology Budget to GDP, 1969-2006

UNESCO 1% GDP National

Policy on R&D Spending, Comparative With Any Country Pembangun an

Nasional Semesta Berencana

GB HN

GB HN

UK

USA

Rumania GB HN

GB HN

RPJMN

RRC

NAWA CITA RPJMN

BRASIL

National Contribution Spending for Research 2009 GOV 42,8%

HE 38,5%

Sources: LIPI 2010

INDUSTRY 18,7%

Sample: Spending R&D on Local Government (Province) No

Instiusi Lemlitbang

% Tase

1.

Balitbang Prov Sumut

0,25

2.

Balitbang Prov Riau

0,66

3.

Balitbang Prov Sumatera Selatan

0,21

4.

Bidang Litbang Prov Lampung

0,04

Sample: Spending R&D on Hingher Education No

Instiusi Lemlitbang

%Tase

1.

Universias Sumatera Utara

0,18

2.

Univ Bandar Lampung

4,3

3.

Universitas Indonesia

2

4.

Institut Teknologi Bandung

4,71

5.

Balitbang Prov Banten

0,14

6.

Bidang Litbang Prov Jabar

0,004

5.

Universitas Gajah Mada

3,18

7.

Balitbang Prov Jawa Tengah

0,14

6.

Universitas Airlangga

5,5

8.

Balitbang Prov Jawa Timur

0,19

7.

Universitas Al Azhar Jakarta

2

9.

Balitbang Prov Kalimantan Barat

0,12

8.

0,01

10.

Balitbang Prov Kalimantan Selatan

0,11

Universitas Pelita Harapan

9.

0,16

11.

Balitbang Prov Kalimantan Timur

0,21

Universitas Tanjung Pura Kalbar

12.

Balitbang Prov Sulawesi Selatan

0,2

10.

Universitas Nusa Cendana NTT

0,72

11.

Universitas Hasannudin

2

Sources: Aminullah, 2013

Resources of Science and Technology

Total of University University Institute College Diploma Polytechnique

 519  59 1.384  1.030  193

3.185 Higher Education

Sources: Dirjen Dikti, 2012

Big Industry 4.968 unit

Reseacher Resources in Higher Education

Reseacher  240.000 (Th 2012) 3.185 Higher Education University 519 Institut  59 College 1.384 Diploma  1.030 Politeknik  193

Actors commitment on R&D expenditures

K/L/BPP/PT K 7 Fokus KRT

Priority Scale Policy Content Imlementation Content 

76,7 % 51,7% 42,5% Inter-Relation of Organization 42,5% Resources of Planning 49,2% Actor Charateristics 33,3% Appropriate of budget utilities  50,8%

Sources: Aminullah 2013

69% 48,3% 34,5% 34,5% 31,9% 24,1% 34,5%

77,4% 54,8% 29% 25,8% 48,4% 16,1% 58,1%

7 LPNK BPP

UNIV

90,9 60% 63,6 45% 54,5 45% 72,7 45% 54,5 65% 54,5 40% 63,6 50%

94,1% 52,9% 52,9% 47,1% 29,4% 58,8% 58,8%

Actors perception at Regional R&D Institute on the importance of R&D Budgedting 70 65 60

60

50

50 45

45

45

45 40

40

40 40

Paling Penting

35

Lebih Penting

30

Cukup Penting 25

Kurang Penting

25

Tidak Penting 20

20 15

20 15

10

10 5

0

0

Skala Prioritas

0

Isi Kebijakan

5 0

Kontek Pelaksanaan

0

Hubungan Inter Organisasi

0

Sumber Daya Perencana

0

Karateristik Pelaksana Pengguna

0

Ketepatan Penggunaan Anggaran

Actors perception at Higher Education and R&D Institute on the importance of R&D Budgedting 100 94,1 90

80

70

60

58,8 52,9

50

58,8

58,8

52,9

Paling Penting

47,1 41,2

40

41,2

Lebih Penting

35,3 30

29,4

Cukup Penting

29,4

Kurang Penting

20 11,8

10

0

11,8

5,9

5,9

5,9

5,9

0

0

0

0

Skala Prioritas

Isi Kebijakan

Kontek Pelaksanaan

Tidak Penting 5,9

0

Hubungan Inter Sumber Daya Organisasi Perencana

0

Karateristik Pelaksana Pengguna

0

Ketepatan Penggunaan Anggaran

Nawa Cita and R&D

MILESTONE The Great of Indonesia

RnD Industry

& Higher Education

GDP

GDP

GDP

GDP

GDP

Rp.315,9 M to Rp.23,71T

Rp.2,09T to Rp.955,75T

Rp.2,09T to Rp2.295,82 T

Rp2.295,82T to Rp8.241,86 T

Rp.8.241,86T to Rp.25.000 T ?

3X multiple

Evaluation on S&T policy (before 2004) • Weak interaction between S&T actors from academicians/ R&D institutes , and other actors in the productive sectors/ business • Weak Socio-economic relevance of the university/ R&D institutes researches • Less synergy of research agenda among research organizations

S&T Policy for S&T Policy for 2010-2014: 2014-2019: Strengthening the NAWA CITA National Innovation System Industrial • • • • •

manufacture development: Strengthening of S&T -industrial partnership institution facilitating + Higher Strengthening the Education and R&D S&T Resources Strengthening of S&T collaboration Network enforcing of Increasing the S&T competitiveness in productivity industrial Increasing the S&T manufacture. utilization

Vision-Mision JW-JK on R&D “NAWA CITA” • The Birth of Great Indonesia • There was a waekness in economic capabilities • There was a dependently of technology capabilties • There was a Culture Shock in technology • Nation independency • Innovation Advances Rising up the productivity - Fiscal Incentive to push investment - Start up Science & Technology Park in any regional area Economic Indepence - Technological strenthening by policies - Emerging Innovation system by sinergize among Academic, Bussiness and Government.

Vision-Mission Content of JW-JK related with R&D “NAWA CITA” (advance) Nation Characters Revolution by aparatusTechno-Ideology, advancing of technology as curicullum SLTA-PT, scholarship D3-S3 (PhD). Industrial manufacture development: -industrial partnership facilitating + Higher Education and R&D collaboration enforcing of competitiveness in industrial manufacture. Fiscal and non fiscal schemeHAKI Culture a. Science and Technology development in national education curiculum system b. Education infrastructure upgradingSD-SLTP-SLTA and Higher Education

Triple Helix concept (Etzkowitz) GOVERNMENT

INDUSTRY

Concept to go The Birth of Great Indonesia

UNIVERSITY

Research Topics (as a reference) FOOD TECHNOLOGY

MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY

MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY

RESEARCH TOPICS DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY

ENERGY RELATED TECHNOLOGY

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY

Best Practice • Experiences in Japan research planning on master/PhD level, has been approved by MITI and MEXT of Japan, by the time seminar event of research will be connceted with Industry

• Experiences in UK research on any University must connceted with Industry

Conclusion

Policy and Instrument Policy • Supported to invest on industry target 80% from Industry and 20% from Government • Double tax deduction Policy for Industry • To increase R&D’s activities in University evaluation to Act No.18/2002P3 Sinas Iptek • Consistency to implement Act no.12/2012 Universty to increase investation on RnD (30% spending for RnD on operational) • International network on R&D with research concortium • Instrument R&D Policy from government

Thank You Syahrul Aminullah Email: [email protected] Skype: Syahrulaminullah1 Hp. +62-855-7800-476