AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY’S SONG
THESIS Presented to the Language Education Departement of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of the State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam
By:
NANA NURDIANA SRN . 110 112 0674
STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF PALANGKARAYA FALCULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT STUDY PROGRAM OF ENGLISH EDUCATION 1437 H / 2015 M
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APPROVAL OF THE THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTE
Title of the thesis
:
An Analysis of Figurative Language in Katy Perry’s Song
Name
:
Nana Nurdiana
SRN
:
11011020674
Faculty
:
Tarbiyah and Teaching Training
Department
:
Language Education
Study program
:
Engliah Program
Level
:
S-1
Palangka Raya, October, 2015 Approved by: Advisor I,
Advisor II,
Dra. Halimah, M.Pd ORN. 19671226 19960 32 003
Luqman Baehaqi, M.Pd. ORN.19800823 20110 11 005
The Vice Dean I of Academic
The Secretary of Language Education
Dra. Hj. Rodhatul Jennah, M.Pd. ORN. 19671003 199303 2 001
Santi Erliana, M.Pd ORN. 19801205 200604 2 003
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PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI
Judul skripsi
:
An Analysis of Figurative Language in Katy Perry’s Song
Nama
:
Nana Nurdiana
NIM
:
11011020674
Fakultas
:
Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan
Jurusan
:
Pendidikan bahasa
Program Studi
:
Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris
Jenjang
:
S-1
Palangka Raya, October, 2015 Menyetujui: Pembimbing I,
Pembimbing II,
Dra. Halimah, M.Pd ORN. 19671226 19960 32 003
Luqman Baehaqi, M.Pd. ORN.19800823 20110 11 005
Wakil Dekan I
Sekretaris Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa,
Dra. Hj. Rodhatul Jennah , M.Pd. ORN. 19671003 199303 2 001
Santi Erliana, M.Pd ORN. 19801205 200604 2 003
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OFFICIAL NOTE
Palangkaraya, October, 2015
Case : Examination of Nana Nurdiana‟s Thesis
To the Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya In Palangka Raya
Assalamu alaikum Wr.Wb By reading and analyzing the thesis‟s revision, we think that thesis in the name of: Name
: Nana Nurdiana
Student Registration Number : 1101120674 Title of the thesis
: AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY’S SONG.
can be examined in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam in the Study Program of English Education of the Language Education Department of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of the State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya.
Thank you for your attention. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb Advisor I,
Advisor II,
Dra. Halimah, M. Pd. ORN. 19671226 19960 32 003
Luqman Baehaqi, M. Pd ORN. 19800823 20110 11 005
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NOTA DINAS
Case
: Permohonan Ujian Skripsi
Palangka Raya, 2015
Saudari Nana Nurdiana Kepada Yth. Dekan Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan IAIN Palangka Raya di Palangka Raya Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb. Setelah membaca dan menganalisa skripsi ini, kami menyatakan bahwa: Nama
: Nana Nurdiana
NIM
: 1101120674
Judul Skripsi
: AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY‟S SONG
Sudah dapat diujikan untuk memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Islam pada Program Study Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IAIN Palangka Raya. Demikian atas perhatiannya diucapkan terima kasih. Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb Pembimbing I,
Pembimbing II,
Dra. Halimah, M. Pd NIP. 19671226 19960 32 003
Luqman Baehaqi, M. Pd NIP. 19800823 20110 11 005
v
LEGALIZATION OF THESIS EXAMINING COMMITTEE The thesis entitles AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY‟S SONG. In the name of Nana Nurdiana and her student registration number 1101120674 has been examined in the board of examiners of the State Islamic Institute Of Palangka Raya on : Day
: jum‟at
Date
: 06 November, 2015 Palangka Raya, 06 November, 2015 The Board of Examiners:
1. Rahmadi Nirwanto, M.Pd. Chairman/ Member
(…….…………………………….)
2. Hj. Apni Ranti, M.Hum. Member 3.
(…….…………………………….)
Dra. Halimah, M.Pd Member
(…….…………………………….)
4. Luqman Baehaqi, M.Pd Secretary/Member
(…….…………………………….)
The Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya
Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd ORN. 196105201999031003
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all , the writer wishes to express her particular thanks to Allah the Almighty, in this right chance, the writer would like to give her greatest thanks to : 1. Dr. Ibnu Elmi A.S. Pelu, S.H., M.H., as the Rector of IAIN Palangka Raya, for his direction and permission of conducting this thesis. 2. Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd The Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya for his agreement so that the writer can finish this thesis. 3. Dra. Hj. Rodhatul Jennah, M.Pd, The Vice Chairwoman of Academic Affairs, for her agreement so that the writer can complete the requirements of writing this thesis. 4. Ahmadi, M.SI The Chair of Language Education Department, for his agreement so that the writer can complete the requirements of writing this thesis. 5. M. Zaini Miftah, M.Pd, The chief of the English Education Study Program, for his permission so that the writer can complete the requirements of writing this thesis. 6. Santi Erliana, M.Pd as The Department of Language Education Secretary, for her agreement so the writer can complete in writing this thesis. 7. Luqman Baehaq, M.Pd as the writer‟s Academic Advisor for his advice, care, suggestion and guidance during the first semester till the end of her study. 8. Dra. Halimah, M.Pd, and Luqman Baehaqi, M.Pd as the advisors, for their guidance, suggestion, and encouragement during the accomplishment of this thesis. 9. All English lecturers of IAIN of Palangka Raya for their support. 10. Her family who always give support morally and spiritually. 11. Last, all of her friends of PBI 2011 who have helped to accomplish this thesis.
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The writer realizes that this thesis is not perfect; therefore some constructive critical and suggestion are warmly welcomed. She hopes that may Allah always keeps us on the straight path, rewards, and blesses us for what we do and this writing can be useful for all of us.
Palangka Raya, November 2015 The Writer
NANA NURDIANA SRN. 1101120674
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AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY’S SONG
ABSTRACT
Figurative language is language which employs various figures of speech. This study discusses about an analysis of figurative language in Katy Perry’s Song. The purpose of this study is to find the contextual meaning and the type of figurative language used in Katy Perry’s song. The source of the data was taken from the lyrics of Katy Perry’s song. Katy Perry’s song is classified as pop song released on 17th October 2013. The research design used in this study is descriptive qualitative research with a document or content analysis as the research type. The thesis described type of figurative language and contextual meaning from Katy Perry‟s song. From the analysis, there were nine types of figurative languages: they were personification, metaphor, simile, hyperbole, allusion, repetition, alliteration, onomatopoeia, and idiom. To support the analysis, some type of figurative language and other related references were used. There were also some related theories about figurative language used to support the analysis. Thirty six have been selected to be analyzed. There were 1 type of figurative language (Personification), 5 type of figurative language (Metaphor), 10 type of figurative language (Simile), 4 type of figurative language (Hyperbole), 3 type of figurative language (Allusion), 1 type of figurative language (Repetition), 1 type of figurative language (Alliteration), 2 type of figurative language (Onomatopoeia), and 7 type of figurative language (Idiom). Then the type of figurative language were classified and analyzed. This study is highly expected to give contribution for the reader to know about figurative language clearly. It can help the reader know contextual meaning and speak English fluently. And it can also be expected to enrich new English vocabulary used in the daily conversation.
Key Word: Figurative Language, Types, Katy Perry‟s Song
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AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY’S SONG
ABSTRAK
Gaya bahasa adalah bahasa yang menggunakan berbagai macam kiasan. Penelitian ini mendiskusikan tentang analisis gaya bahasa dalam lagu Katy Perry. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan makna tersirat dan tipe gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam lagu Katy Perry. Sumber data diperoleh dari irik lagu Katy Perry. Lagu Katy Perry diklasifikasikan sebagai lagu pop yg dirilis pd 17 Oktober 2013. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan dokumen atau analisis isi sebagai tipe penelitiannya. Skripsi ini mendeskripsikan tipe dari gaya bahasa yang ditemukan dari lagu Katy Perry. Dari analisis, ada 9 tipe dari gaya bahasa, yaitu: Personifikasi, Persamaan, Metafora, Hiperbola, Alusi, Pengulangan, Pengulangan konsonan, Paronomasia, dan lagam bahasa. Ada juga beberapa teori yang berhubungan dengan gaya bahasa yang digunakan untuk mendukung analisis, 36 bentuk gaya bahasa yang telah diseleksi dan dianalisis. Ada 1 tipe gaya bahasa personifikasi, 5 tipe gaya bahasa metapora, 10 tipe gaya bahasa persamaan, 4 tipe gaya bahasa hiperbola, 3 tipe gaya bahasa alusi, 1 tipe gaya bahasa pengulangan, 1 tipe gaya bahasa pengulangan pada konsonan, 2 tipe gaya bahasa paronomasia, 7 tipe lagam bahasa. Kemudian gaya bahasa tersebut diklasifikasi dan dianalisis. Penelitian ini sangat diharapkan dapat memberikan contribusi untuk pembaca untuk mengetahui gaya bahasa dengan jelas. Ini dapat membantu pembaca berbahsa Inggris mengetahui makna tersirat dalam bahasa inggris. Dan ini juga diharapkan dapat memperkaya kosakata Bahasa Inggris baru untuk digunakan dalam percakapan sehari-hari.
Kata kunci: Gaya Bahasa, Tipe, Lagu Katy Perry
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DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION In the name of Allah I myself make declaration that this thesis entitle: AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN KATY PERRY‟S SONG. It is truly my own writing. If it is not my own writing so, it is given a citation and show in the list of references. If it is not my own declaration is not right in this thesis one day. I am ready to be given academic sanction namely the cancellation of the degree of this thesis.
Palangka Raya, November 2015 My Own declaration,
NANA NURDIANA SRN. 1101120674
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DEDICATION This thesis is dedication to some special people as follows: 1. My beloved parents (Mr. Nursolikhin and Mrs. Winda susilowati). Thanks for your love, praying, motivation, and material in finishing the study. 2. Special thanks for my friends Ika Kusuma Ningsih, Rani Subekti, Siti Ainul Avivah, and Susanti . Thanks for you because you always support me some spirit to finish my study. 3. Special thanks for Dra. Halimah, M.Pd and Luqman Baehaqi, M.pd as the advisors, for their guidance, suggestion, and encouragement during the accomplishment of this thesis. 4. Special thanks for my beloved brothers (Chusnul Kurnia Mukti, Akbar Ditya Ridhani, and Ilham Krisna Mukti) and sister in law (Rusmah). Thanks for your support to finish my study. 5. All my lovely friends of English study program at academic years 2011.
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MOTTO Your time is limited, don’t waste it living someone else’s life. (Steve Jobs)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE PAGE OF COVER …………………………………………………………......... i APPROVAL OF THE THESIS …………………………………………………. ii OFFICIAL NOTE …………………………………………………………….….iv LEGALIZATION OF THE THESIS EXAMINATION COMMITE …………...vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ……………………………………………………… vii ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………...... ix DECLARATION ..................................................................................................xi DEDICATION …………………………………………………………………. xii MOTTO ................................................................................................................ xiii TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………..xiv LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………………….xvii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study .............................................................
1
B. Problem of the Study ...................................................................
4
C. Objective of the Study .................................................................
4
D. Scope and Limitation of the Study ..............................................
5
E. Significance of the Study .............................................................
5
F. Operational Definition .................................................................
6
G. Framework of the Discussion ......................................................
6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A. Previous Study .............................................................................
8
B. Literature .....................................................................................
9
1. Categories of literature .......................................................... 10 2. Kinds of literature .................................................................. 10 C. Type of Figurative Language ...................................................... 10 xiv
1. Personification ...................................................................... 11 2. Metaphor ............................................................................... 11 3. Simile .................................................................................... 13 4. Hyperbole ............................................................................. 14 5. Allusion ................................................................................ 14 6. Repetition ............................................................................. 15 7. Alliteration ............................................................................ 16 8. Onomatopoeia ....................................................................... 16 9. Idiom ..................................................................................... 16 D. Conceptual Metaphor Theory ...................................................... 17 E. Stylistic Theory ........................................................................... 21 F. Biography of Katy Perry ............................................................. 25 G. Auld Lang Syne: The Story of Song ........................................... 28 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD A. Research Design ......................................................................... 30 B. Research Type ............................................................................. 30 C. Role of the Research in the Study ............................................... 32 D. Research Site ............................................................................... 32 E. Data Source ................................................................................ 32 F. Data Collecting Procedure ........................................................... 33 G. Method for Verification of the Research Findings ...................... 34 1. Credibility .............................................................................. 34 2. Transferability ....................................................................... 35 3. Dependability ........................................................................ 35 4. Conformability ...................................................................... 36 H. Data Analysis .............................................................................. 36 1. Data Reduction ....................................................................... 37 2. Data display ........................................................................... 38
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3. Conclusion ............................................................................. 38 CHAPTER IV RESULT OF THE STUDY A. Research Findings and Discussion ............................................. 40 B. Discussion ................................................................................... 53 CHAPTER V CLOSING A. Conclusion .................................................................................. 70 B. Suggestion .................................................................................... 70 REFERENCES
APPENDICES
xvi
LIST OF TABLE
Table 1. Types and Lyrics of “Roar” Song ..................................................................... 40 Table 2. Types and Lyrics of “Unconditionally” Song................................................... 43 Table 3. Types and Lyrics of “Dark Horse” Song .......................................................... 44 Table 4. Types and Lyrics of “Birthday” Song............................................................... 48 Table 5. Types and Lyrics of “Ghost” Song ................................................................... 49 Table of Conceptual Metaphor in Katy Perry‟s Song .................................................... 51 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Personification) .................................. 54 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Metaphor) ........................................... 54 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Simile) ................................................ 57 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Hyperbole) ......................................... 63 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Allusion)............................................. 64 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Repetition) .......................................... 66 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Alliteration) ........................................ 66 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Onomatopoeia) ................................... 67 Table. Contextual Meaning in the Song Lyrics (Idiom) ................................................. 68
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REFERENCES
Azwar, Saefudin. 2010. Metode Penelitian. Yogyakarta: pustaka pelajar. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Blesser, Charles E. 1999. Literary Criticism, An Introduction to Theory and Practice. Jersy: Houghton college. Collie, Joanne. 1987. Literature in the Language Classroom. Great Britain: University in Cambridge Press. Donald Ary, et, all. Introduction to Research in Education, Canada: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 8th, Edition. Emmanuel C. Sharnama and Jamila B. A Suleiman, „An analysis of figurative language in two selected traditional funeral songs of the kilba people of Adamawa State‟, International Journal of English Literature, Vol. 4, 2013. Hartiningsih, Sri. 2001. Introcution to literature. Malang : Muhammadiyah university. Hasanah, Uswatun. 2012.An Analysis of Figurative Language In The Madman by Kahli Gibran. English Departement Faculty of Teacher Training and Educaton Madura Unversity Pamekasan. Krippendorff, Klaus, Content analysis: an introduction to its methodology, p. 14, 2nd ed, California; Sage Plublications, 2004 Lexy, Moleong. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, Bandung: Bina Ilmu, 1987, p. 120. Keraf, Gorys. 1994. Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa. Jakarta: PT Gramedia. Mahmood, Rashid. „A Critical Discourse Analysis of Figurative Language in Pakistan English Newpaper‟, Internatioanal Journal of Linguistics, Vol. 6, 2014. Mudjia, Rahardjo, Pengantar Penelitian Bahasa, Malang: Cendikia Paramulya, 2002 Muhajir, Noeng, Metode Penelitian Kualitatif, Jogjakarta: Rake Sarasin, 200 Potter, James L. 1967. Elements of Literature. New York: the Odyssey Press.
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Simpson, Paul. 2004. Stylistic a source book for students. Routledge English Language Introduction. Sugiono, Memahami Penelitian Kualitatif Dilengkapi Contoh Proposal dan Laporan Penelitian, Bandung: Alfabeta, 2010. X, J Kennedy. 1983. Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Toronto: Little Brown Company.
Websites Examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-figuarative-language.html. Augustus 14th 2015
Accessed
Http://smarturl.it/KPROAR. Accessed on October 02nd 2015 http://www.themorgan.org/collection/Auld-Lang-Syne. Accessed on October 02nd 2015 M.S. McGlone, Language & Communication. Pdf. Accessed on September 15th 2015
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Name
: NANA NURDIANA
Born
: Kendal, January 29th 1993
Hobbies
: Reading novel, singing and playing badminton
Parents
: 1. Father NNURSOLIKHIN 2. Mother WINDA SUSILOWATI
Brothers
: 1. CHUSNUL KURNIA MUKTI 2. AKBAR DITYA RIDHANI 3. ILHAM KRISNA MUKTI
Sister-in-law : RUSMAH Graduated
: Elementary school SDN 1 PANGKOH SARI at 2006th Junior High School SMPN 1 PANDIH BATU at 2008th Senior High School SMAN 1 PANDIH BATU at 2011th
Palangka Raya, Oktober, 2015
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